-This is doc/gcc.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.5 from
-doc/gcc.texi.
+This is doc/gcc.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
+/d/gcc-4.4.3/gcc-4.4.3/gcc/doc/gcc.texi.
-INFO-DIR-SECTION Programming
+Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
+1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
+Invariant Sections being "Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover Texts
+being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see
+below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+Free Documentation License".
+
+ (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
+
+ A GNU Manual
+
+ (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
+
+ You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
+software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
+funds for GNU development.
+
+INFO-DIR-SECTION Software development
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* gcc: (gcc). The GNU Compiler Collection.
+* g++: (gcc). The GNU C++ compiler.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
- This file documents the use of the GNU compilers.
-
- Published by the Free Software Foundation
-59 Temple Place - Suite 330
-Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ This file documents the use of the GNU compilers.
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
-1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
+1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
-Invariant Sections being "GNU General Public License" and "Funding Free
-Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with the
-Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is
-included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
+Invariant Sections being "Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover Texts
+being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see
+below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+Free Documentation License".
- (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
+ (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
- A GNU Manual
+ A GNU Manual
- (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
+ (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
- You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
+ You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
funds for GNU development.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Top, Next: G++ and GCC, Up: (DIR)
+
+Introduction
+************
+
+This manual documents how to use the GNU compilers, as well as their
+features and incompatibilities, and how to report bugs. It corresponds
+to the compilers (GCC) version 4.4.3. The internals of the GNU
+compilers, including how to port them to new targets and some
+information about how to write front ends for new languages, are
+documented in a separate manual. *Note Introduction: (gccint)Top.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* G++ and GCC:: You can compile C or C++ programs.
+* Standards:: Language standards supported by GCC.
+* Invoking GCC:: Command options supported by `gcc'.
+* C Implementation:: How GCC implements the ISO C specification.
+* C Extensions:: GNU extensions to the C language family.
+* C++ Extensions:: GNU extensions to the C++ language.
+* Objective-C:: GNU Objective-C runtime features.
+* Compatibility:: Binary Compatibility
+* Gcov:: `gcov'---a test coverage program.
+* Trouble:: If you have trouble using GCC.
+* Bugs:: How, why and where to report bugs.
+* Service:: How to find suppliers of support for GCC.
+* Contributing:: How to contribute to testing and developing GCC.
+
+* Funding:: How to help assure funding for free software.
+* GNU Project:: The GNU Project and GNU/Linux.
+
+* Copying:: GNU General Public License says
+ how you can copy and share GCC.
+* GNU Free Documentation License:: How you can copy and share this manual.
+* Contributors:: People who have contributed to GCC.
+
+* Option Index:: Index to command line options.
+* Keyword Index:: Index of concepts and symbol names.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: G++ and GCC, Next: Standards, Prev: Top, Up: Top
+
+1 Programming Languages Supported by GCC
+****************************************
+
+GCC stands for "GNU Compiler Collection". GCC is an integrated
+distribution of compilers for several major programming languages.
+These languages currently include C, C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++,
+Java, Fortran, and Ada.
+
+ The abbreviation "GCC" has multiple meanings in common use. The
+current official meaning is "GNU Compiler Collection", which refers
+generically to the complete suite of tools. The name historically stood
+for "GNU C Compiler", and this usage is still common when the emphasis
+is on compiling C programs. Finally, the name is also used when
+speaking of the "language-independent" component of GCC: code shared
+among the compilers for all supported languages.
+
+ The language-independent component of GCC includes the majority of the
+optimizers, as well as the "back ends" that generate machine code for
+various processors.
+
+ The part of a compiler that is specific to a particular language is
+called the "front end". In addition to the front ends that are
+integrated components of GCC, there are several other front ends that
+are maintained separately. These support languages such as Pascal,
+Mercury, and COBOL. To use these, they must be built together with GCC
+proper.
+
+ Most of the compilers for languages other than C have their own names.
+The C++ compiler is G++, the Ada compiler is GNAT, and so on. When we
+talk about compiling one of those languages, we might refer to that
+compiler by its own name, or as GCC. Either is correct.
+
+ Historically, compilers for many languages, including C++ and Fortran,
+have been implemented as "preprocessors" which emit another high level
+language such as C. None of the compilers included in GCC are
+implemented this way; they all generate machine code directly. This
+sort of preprocessor should not be confused with the "C preprocessor",
+which is an integral feature of the C, C++, Objective-C and
+Objective-C++ languages.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Standards, Next: Invoking GCC, Prev: G++ and GCC, Up: Top
+
+2 Language Standards Supported by GCC
+*************************************
+
+For each language compiled by GCC for which there is a standard, GCC
+attempts to follow one or more versions of that standard, possibly with
+some exceptions, and possibly with some extensions.
+
+2.1 C language
+==============
+
+GCC supports three versions of the C standard, although support for the
+most recent version is not yet complete.
+
+ The original ANSI C standard (X3.159-1989) was ratified in 1989 and
+published in 1990. This standard was ratified as an ISO standard
+(ISO/IEC 9899:1990) later in 1990. There were no technical differences
+between these publications, although the sections of the ANSI standard
+were renumbered and became clauses in the ISO standard. This standard,
+in both its forms, is commonly known as "C89", or occasionally as
+"C90", from the dates of ratification. The ANSI standard, but not the
+ISO standard, also came with a Rationale document. To select this
+standard in GCC, use one of the options `-ansi', `-std=c89' or
+`-std=iso9899:1990'; to obtain all the diagnostics required by the
+standard, you should also specify `-pedantic' (or `-pedantic-errors' if
+you want them to be errors rather than warnings). *Note Options
+Controlling C Dialect: C Dialect Options.
+
+ Errors in the 1990 ISO C standard were corrected in two Technical
+Corrigenda published in 1994 and 1996. GCC does not support the
+uncorrected version.
+
+ An amendment to the 1990 standard was published in 1995. This
+amendment added digraphs and `__STDC_VERSION__' to the language, but
+otherwise concerned the library. This amendment is commonly known as
+"AMD1"; the amended standard is sometimes known as "C94" or "C95". To
+select this standard in GCC, use the option `-std=iso9899:199409'
+(with, as for other standard versions, `-pedantic' to receive all
+required diagnostics).
+
+ A new edition of the ISO C standard was published in 1999 as ISO/IEC
+9899:1999, and is commonly known as "C99". GCC has incomplete support
+for this standard version; see
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.4/c99status.html' for details. To select this
+standard, use `-std=c99' or `-std=iso9899:1999'. (While in
+development, drafts of this standard version were referred to as "C9X".)
+
+ Errors in the 1999 ISO C standard were corrected in three Technical
+Corrigenda published in 2001, 2004 and 2007. GCC does not support the
+uncorrected version.
+
+ By default, GCC provides some extensions to the C language that on
+rare occasions conflict with the C standard. *Note Extensions to the C
+Language Family: C Extensions. Use of the `-std' options listed above
+will disable these extensions where they conflict with the C standard
+version selected. You may also select an extended version of the C
+language explicitly with `-std=gnu89' (for C89 with GNU extensions) or
+`-std=gnu99' (for C99 with GNU extensions). The default, if no C
+language dialect options are given, is `-std=gnu89'; this will change to
+`-std=gnu99' in some future release when the C99 support is complete.
+Some features that are part of the C99 standard are accepted as
+extensions in C89 mode.
+
+ The ISO C standard defines (in clause 4) two classes of conforming
+implementation. A "conforming hosted implementation" supports the
+whole standard including all the library facilities; a "conforming
+freestanding implementation" is only required to provide certain
+library facilities: those in `<float.h>', `<limits.h>', `<stdarg.h>',
+and `<stddef.h>'; since AMD1, also those in `<iso646.h>'; and in C99,
+also those in `<stdbool.h>' and `<stdint.h>'. In addition, complex
+types, added in C99, are not required for freestanding implementations.
+The standard also defines two environments for programs, a
+"freestanding environment", required of all implementations and which
+may not have library facilities beyond those required of freestanding
+implementations, where the handling of program startup and termination
+are implementation-defined, and a "hosted environment", which is not
+required, in which all the library facilities are provided and startup
+is through a function `int main (void)' or `int main (int, char *[])'.
+An OS kernel would be a freestanding environment; a program using the
+facilities of an operating system would normally be in a hosted
+implementation.
+
+ GCC aims towards being usable as a conforming freestanding
+implementation, or as the compiler for a conforming hosted
+implementation. By default, it will act as the compiler for a hosted
+implementation, defining `__STDC_HOSTED__' as `1' and presuming that
+when the names of ISO C functions are used, they have the semantics
+defined in the standard. To make it act as a conforming freestanding
+implementation for a freestanding environment, use the option
+`-ffreestanding'; it will then define `__STDC_HOSTED__' to `0' and not
+make assumptions about the meanings of function names from the standard
+library, with exceptions noted below. To build an OS kernel, you may
+well still need to make your own arrangements for linking and startup.
+*Note Options Controlling C Dialect: C Dialect Options.
+
+ GCC does not provide the library facilities required only of hosted
+implementations, nor yet all the facilities required by C99 of
+freestanding implementations; to use the facilities of a hosted
+environment, you will need to find them elsewhere (for example, in the
+GNU C library). *Note Standard Libraries: Standard Libraries.
+
+ Most of the compiler support routines used by GCC are present in
+`libgcc', but there are a few exceptions. GCC requires the
+freestanding environment provide `memcpy', `memmove', `memset' and
+`memcmp'. Finally, if `__builtin_trap' is used, and the target does
+not implement the `trap' pattern, then GCC will emit a call to `abort'.
+
+ For references to Technical Corrigenda, Rationale documents and
+information concerning the history of C that is available online, see
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html'
+
+2.2 C++ language
+================
+
+GCC supports the ISO C++ standard (1998) and contains experimental
+support for the upcoming ISO C++ standard (200x).
+
+ The original ISO C++ standard was published as the ISO standard
+(ISO/IEC 14882:1998) and amended by a Technical Corrigenda published in
+2003 (ISO/IEC 14882:2003). These standards are referred to as C++98 and
+C++03, respectively. GCC implements the majority of C++98 (`export' is
+a notable exception) and most of the changes in C++03. To select this
+standard in GCC, use one of the options `-ansi' or `-std=c++98'; to
+obtain all the diagnostics required by the standard, you should also
+specify `-pedantic' (or `-pedantic-errors' if you want them to be
+errors rather than warnings).
+
+ The ISO C++ committee is working on a new ISO C++ standard, dubbed
+C++0x, that is intended to be published by 2009. C++0x contains several
+changes to the C++ language, some of which have been implemented in an
+experimental C++0x mode in GCC. The C++0x mode in GCC tracks the draft
+working paper for the C++0x standard; the latest working paper is
+available on the ISO C++ committee's web site at
+`http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/'. For information regarding
+the C++0x features available in the experimental C++0x mode, see
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.3/cxx0x_status.html'. To select this standard
+in GCC, use the option `-std=c++0x'; to obtain all the diagnostics
+required by the standard, you should also specify `-pedantic' (or
+`-pedantic-errors' if you want them to be errors rather than warnings).
+
+ By default, GCC provides some extensions to the C++ language; *Note
+Options Controlling C++ Dialect: C++ Dialect Options. Use of the
+`-std' option listed above will disable these extensions. You may also
+select an extended version of the C++ language explicitly with
+`-std=gnu++98' (for C++98 with GNU extensions) or `-std=gnu++0x' (for
+C++0x with GNU extensions). The default, if no C++ language dialect
+options are given, is `-std=gnu++98'.
+
+2.3 Objective-C and Objective-C++ languages
+===========================================
+
+There is no formal written standard for Objective-C or Objective-C++.
+The most authoritative manual is "Object-Oriented Programming and the
+Objective-C Language", available at a number of web sites:
+
+ *
+ `http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ObjectiveC/'
+ is a recent (and periodically updated) version;
+
+ * `http://www.toodarkpark.org/computers/objc/' is an older example;
+
+ * `http://www.gnustep.org' and `http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html'
+ have additional useful information.
+
+ *Note GNAT Reference Manual: (gnat_rm)Top, for information on standard
+conformance and compatibility of the Ada compiler.
+
+ *Note Standards: (gfortran)Standards, for details of standards
+supported by GNU Fortran.
+
+ *Note Compatibility with the Java Platform: (gcj)Compatibility, for
+details of compatibility between `gcj' and the Java Platform.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Invoking GCC, Next: C Implementation, Prev: Standards, Up: Top
+
+3 GCC Command Options
+*********************
+
+When you invoke GCC, it normally does preprocessing, compilation,
+assembly and linking. The "overall options" allow you to stop this
+process at an intermediate stage. For example, the `-c' option says
+not to run the linker. Then the output consists of object files output
+by the assembler.
+
+ Other options are passed on to one stage of processing. Some options
+control the preprocessor and others the compiler itself. Yet other
+options control the assembler and linker; most of these are not
+documented here, since you rarely need to use any of them.
+
+ Most of the command line options that you can use with GCC are useful
+for C programs; when an option is only useful with another language
+(usually C++), the explanation says so explicitly. If the description
+for a particular option does not mention a source language, you can use
+that option with all supported languages.
+
+ *Note Compiling C++ Programs: Invoking G++, for a summary of special
+options for compiling C++ programs.
+
+ The `gcc' program accepts options and file names as operands. Many
+options have multi-letter names; therefore multiple single-letter
+options may _not_ be grouped: `-dv' is very different from `-d -v'.
+
+ You can mix options and other arguments. For the most part, the order
+you use doesn't matter. Order does matter when you use several options
+of the same kind; for example, if you specify `-L' more than once, the
+directories are searched in the order specified. Also, the placement
+of the `-l' option is significant.
+
+ Many options have long names starting with `-f' or with `-W'--for
+example, `-fmove-loop-invariants', `-Wformat' and so on. Most of these
+have both positive and negative forms; the negative form of `-ffoo'
+would be `-fno-foo'. This manual documents only one of these two
+forms, whichever one is not the default.
+
+ *Note Option Index::, for an index to GCC's options.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Option Summary:: Brief list of all options, without explanations.
+* Overall Options:: Controlling the kind of output:
+ an executable, object files, assembler files,
+ or preprocessed source.
+* Invoking G++:: Compiling C++ programs.
+* C Dialect Options:: Controlling the variant of C language compiled.
+* C++ Dialect Options:: Variations on C++.
+* Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options:: Variations on Objective-C
+ and Objective-C++.
+* Language Independent Options:: Controlling how diagnostics should be
+ formatted.
+* Warning Options:: How picky should the compiler be?
+* Debugging Options:: Symbol tables, measurements, and debugging dumps.
+* Optimize Options:: How much optimization?
+* Preprocessor Options:: Controlling header files and macro definitions.
+ Also, getting dependency information for Make.
+* Assembler Options:: Passing options to the assembler.
+* Link Options:: Specifying libraries and so on.
+* Directory Options:: Where to find header files and libraries.
+ Where to find the compiler executable files.
+* Spec Files:: How to pass switches to sub-processes.
+* Target Options:: Running a cross-compiler, or an old version of GCC.
+* Submodel Options:: Specifying minor hardware or convention variations,
+ such as 68010 vs 68020.
+* Code Gen Options:: Specifying conventions for function calls, data layout
+ and register usage.
+* Environment Variables:: Env vars that affect GCC.
+* Precompiled Headers:: Compiling a header once, and using it many times.
+* Running Protoize:: Automatically adding or removing function prototypes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Option Summary, Next: Overall Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.1 Option Summary
+==================
+
+Here is a summary of all the options, grouped by type. Explanations are
+in the following sections.
+
+_Overall Options_
+ *Note Options Controlling the Kind of Output: Overall Options.
+ -c -S -E -o FILE -combine -pipe -pass-exit-codes
+ -x LANGUAGE -v -### --help[=CLASS[,...]] --target-help
+ --version -wrapper@FILE
+
+_C Language Options_
+ *Note Options Controlling C Dialect: C Dialect Options.
+ -ansi -std=STANDARD -fgnu89-inline
+ -aux-info FILENAME
+ -fno-asm -fno-builtin -fno-builtin-FUNCTION
+ -fhosted -ffreestanding -fopenmp -fms-extensions
+ -trigraphs -no-integrated-cpp -traditional -traditional-cpp
+ -fallow-single-precision -fcond-mismatch -flax-vector-conversions
+ -fsigned-bitfields -fsigned-char
+ -funsigned-bitfields -funsigned-char
+
+_C++ Language Options_
+ *Note Options Controlling C++ Dialect: C++ Dialect Options.
+ -fabi-version=N -fno-access-control -fcheck-new
+ -fconserve-space -ffriend-injection
+ -fno-elide-constructors
+ -fno-enforce-eh-specs
+ -ffor-scope -fno-for-scope -fno-gnu-keywords
+ -fno-implicit-templates
+ -fno-implicit-inline-templates
+ -fno-implement-inlines -fms-extensions
+ -fno-nonansi-builtins -fno-operator-names
+ -fno-optional-diags -fpermissive
+ -frepo -fno-rtti -fstats -ftemplate-depth-N
+ -fno-threadsafe-statics -fuse-cxa-atexit -fno-weak -nostdinc++
+ -fno-default-inline -fvisibility-inlines-hidden
+ -fvisibility-ms-compat
+ -Wabi -Wctor-dtor-privacy
+ -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wreorder
+ -Weffc++ -Wstrict-null-sentinel
+ -Wno-non-template-friend -Wold-style-cast
+ -Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-pmf-conversions
+ -Wsign-promo
+
+_Objective-C and Objective-C++ Language Options_
+ *Note Options Controlling Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialects:
+ Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ -fconstant-string-class=CLASS-NAME
+ -fgnu-runtime -fnext-runtime
+ -fno-nil-receivers
+ -fobjc-call-cxx-cdtors
+ -fobjc-direct-dispatch
+ -fobjc-exceptions
+ -fobjc-gc
+ -freplace-objc-classes
+ -fzero-link
+ -gen-decls
+ -Wassign-intercept
+ -Wno-protocol -Wselector
+ -Wstrict-selector-match
+ -Wundeclared-selector
+
+_Language Independent Options_
+ *Note Options to Control Diagnostic Messages Formatting: Language
+ Independent Options.
+ -fmessage-length=N
+ -fdiagnostics-show-location=[once|every-line]
+ -fdiagnostics-show-option
+
+_Warning Options_
+ *Note Options to Request or Suppress Warnings: Warning Options.
+ -fsyntax-only -pedantic -pedantic-errors
+ -w -Wextra -Wall -Waddress -Waggregate-return -Warray-bounds
+ -Wno-attributes -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined
+ -Wc++-compat -Wc++0x-compat -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual
+ -Wchar-subscripts -Wclobbered -Wcomment
+ -Wconversion -Wcoverage-mismatch -Wno-deprecated
+ -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Wdisabled-optimization
+ -Wno-div-by-zero -Wempty-body -Wenum-compare -Wno-endif-labels
+ -Werror -Werror=*
+ -Wfatal-errors -Wfloat-equal -Wformat -Wformat=2
+ -Wno-format-contains-nul -Wno-format-extra-args -Wformat-nonliteral
+ -Wformat-security -Wformat-y2k
+ -Wframe-larger-than=LEN -Wignored-qualifiers
+ -Wimplicit -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int
+ -Winit-self -Winline
+ -Wno-int-to-pointer-cast -Wno-invalid-offsetof
+ -Winvalid-pch -Wlarger-than=LEN -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations
+ -Wlogical-op -Wlong-long
+ -Wmain -Wmissing-braces -Wmissing-field-initializers
+ -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wmissing-include-dirs
+ -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-mudflap
+ -Wno-multichar -Wnonnull -Wno-overflow
+ -Woverlength-strings -Wpacked -Wpacked-bitfield-compat -Wpadded
+ -Wparentheses -Wpedantic-ms-format -Wno-pedantic-ms-format
+ -Wpointer-arith -Wno-pointer-to-int-cast
+ -Wredundant-decls
+ -Wreturn-type -Wsequence-point -Wshadow
+ -Wsign-compare -Wsign-conversion -Wstack-protector
+ -Wstrict-aliasing -Wstrict-aliasing=n
+ -Wstrict-overflow -Wstrict-overflow=N
+ -Wswitch -Wswitch-default -Wswitch-enum -Wsync-nand
+ -Wsystem-headers -Wtrigraphs -Wtype-limits -Wundef -Wuninitialized
+ -Wunknown-pragmas -Wno-pragmas -Wunreachable-code
+ -Wunused -Wunused-function -Wunused-label -Wunused-parameter
+ -Wunused-value -Wunused-variable
+ -Wvariadic-macros -Wvla
+ -Wvolatile-register-var -Wwrite-strings
+
+_C and Objective-C-only Warning Options_
+ -Wbad-function-cast -Wmissing-declarations
+ -Wmissing-parameter-type -Wmissing-prototypes -Wnested-externs
+ -Wold-style-declaration -Wold-style-definition
+ -Wstrict-prototypes -Wtraditional -Wtraditional-conversion
+ -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wpointer-sign
+
+_Debugging Options_
+ *Note Options for Debugging Your Program or GCC: Debugging Options.
+ -dLETTERS -dumpspecs -dumpmachine -dumpversion
+ -fdbg-cnt-list -fdbg-cnt=COUNTER-VALUE-LIST
+ -fdump-noaddr -fdump-unnumbered
+ -fdump-translation-unit[-N]
+ -fdump-class-hierarchy[-N]
+ -fdump-ipa-all -fdump-ipa-cgraph -fdump-ipa-inline
+ -fdump-statistics
+ -fdump-tree-all
+ -fdump-tree-original[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-optimized[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-cfg -fdump-tree-vcg -fdump-tree-alias
+ -fdump-tree-ch
+ -fdump-tree-ssa[-N] -fdump-tree-pre[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-ccp[-N] -fdump-tree-dce[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-gimple[-raw] -fdump-tree-mudflap[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-dom[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-dse[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-phiopt[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-forwprop[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-copyrename[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-nrv -fdump-tree-vect
+ -fdump-tree-sink
+ -fdump-tree-sra[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-fre[-N]
+ -fdump-tree-vrp[-N]
+ -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=N
+ -fdump-tree-storeccp[-N]
+ -feliminate-dwarf2-dups -feliminate-unused-debug-types
+ -feliminate-unused-debug-symbols -femit-class-debug-always
+ -fmem-report -fpre-ipa-mem-report -fpost-ipa-mem-report -fprofile-arcs
+ -frandom-seed=STRING -fsched-verbose=N
+ -fsel-sched-verbose -fsel-sched-dump-cfg -fsel-sched-pipelining-verbose
+ -ftest-coverage -ftime-report -fvar-tracking
+ -g -gLEVEL -gcoff -gdwarf-2
+ -ggdb -gstabs -gstabs+ -gvms -gxcoff -gxcoff+
+ -fno-merge-debug-strings -fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm
+ -fdebug-prefix-map=OLD=NEW
+ -femit-struct-debug-baseonly -femit-struct-debug-reduced
+ -femit-struct-debug-detailed[=SPEC-LIST]
+ -p -pg -print-file-name=LIBRARY -print-libgcc-file-name
+ -print-multi-directory -print-multi-lib
+ -print-prog-name=PROGRAM -print-search-dirs -Q
+ -print-sysroot -print-sysroot-headers-suffix
+ -save-temps -time
+
+_Optimization Options_
+ *Note Options that Control Optimization: Optimize Options.
+ -falign-functions[=N] -falign-jumps[=N]
+ -falign-labels[=N] -falign-loops[=N] -fassociative-math
+ -fauto-inc-dec -fbranch-probabilities -fbranch-target-load-optimize
+ -fbranch-target-load-optimize2 -fbtr-bb-exclusive -fcaller-saves
+ -fcheck-data-deps -fconserve-stack -fcprop-registers -fcrossjumping
+ -fcse-follow-jumps -fcse-skip-blocks -fcx-fortran-rules -fcx-limited-range
+ -fdata-sections -fdce -fdce
+ -fdelayed-branch -fdelete-null-pointer-checks -fdse -fdse
+ -fearly-inlining -fexpensive-optimizations -ffast-math
+ -ffinite-math-only -ffloat-store -fforward-propagate
+ -ffunction-sections -fgcse -fgcse-after-reload -fgcse-las -fgcse-lm
+ -fgcse-sm -fif-conversion -fif-conversion2 -findirect-inlining
+ -finline-functions -finline-functions-called-once -finline-limit=N
+ -finline-small-functions -fipa-cp -fipa-cp-clone -fipa-matrix-reorg -fipa-pta
+ -fipa-pure-const -fipa-reference -fipa-struct-reorg
+ -fipa-type-escape -fira-algorithm=ALGORITHM
+ -fira-region=REGION -fira-coalesce -fno-ira-share-save-slots
+ -fno-ira-share-spill-slots -fira-verbose=N
+ -fivopts -fkeep-inline-functions -fkeep-static-consts
+ -floop-block -floop-interchange -floop-strip-mine
+ -fmerge-all-constants -fmerge-constants -fmodulo-sched
+ -fmodulo-sched-allow-regmoves -fmove-loop-invariants -fmudflap
+ -fmudflapir -fmudflapth -fno-branch-count-reg -fno-default-inline
+ -fno-defer-pop -fno-function-cse -fno-guess-branch-probability
+ -fno-inline -fno-math-errno -fno-peephole -fno-peephole2
+ -fno-sched-interblock -fno-sched-spec -fno-signed-zeros
+ -fno-toplevel-reorder -fno-trapping-math -fno-zero-initialized-in-bss
+ -fomit-frame-pointer -foptimize-register-move -foptimize-sibling-calls
+ -fpeel-loops -fpredictive-commoning -fprefetch-loop-arrays
+ -fprofile-correction -fprofile-dir=PATH -fprofile-generate
+ -fprofile-generate=PATH
+ -fprofile-use -fprofile-use=PATH -fprofile-values
+ -freciprocal-math -fregmove -frename-registers -freorder-blocks
+ -freorder-blocks-and-partition -freorder-functions
+ -frerun-cse-after-loop -freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops
+ -frounding-math -frtl-abstract-sequences -fsched2-use-superblocks
+ -fsched2-use-traces -fsched-spec-load -fsched-spec-load-dangerous
+ -fsched-stalled-insns-dep[=N] -fsched-stalled-insns[=N]
+ -fschedule-insns -fschedule-insns2 -fsection-anchors -fsee
+ -fselective-scheduling -fselective-scheduling2
+ -fsel-sched-pipelining -fsel-sched-pipelining-outer-loops
+ -fsignaling-nans -fsingle-precision-constant -fsplit-ivs-in-unroller
+ -fsplit-wide-types -fstack-protector -fstack-protector-all
+ -fstrict-aliasing -fstrict-overflow -fthread-jumps -ftracer
+ -ftree-builtin-call-dce -ftree-ccp -ftree-ch -ftree-copy-prop
+ -ftree-copyrename -ftree-dce
+ -ftree-dominator-opts -ftree-dse -ftree-fre -ftree-loop-im
+ -ftree-loop-distribution
+ -ftree-loop-ivcanon -ftree-loop-linear -ftree-loop-optimize
+ -ftree-parallelize-loops=N -ftree-pre -ftree-reassoc
+ -ftree-sink -ftree-sra -ftree-switch-conversion
+ -ftree-ter -ftree-vect-loop-version -ftree-vectorize -ftree-vrp
+ -funit-at-a-time -funroll-all-loops -funroll-loops
+ -funsafe-loop-optimizations -funsafe-math-optimizations -funswitch-loops
+ -fvariable-expansion-in-unroller -fvect-cost-model -fvpt -fweb
+ -fwhole-program
+ --param NAME=VALUE
+ -O -O0 -O1 -O2 -O3 -Os
+
+_Preprocessor Options_
+ *Note Options Controlling the Preprocessor: Preprocessor Options.
+ -AQUESTION=ANSWER
+ -A-QUESTION[=ANSWER]
+ -C -dD -dI -dM -dN
+ -DMACRO[=DEFN] -E -H
+ -idirafter DIR
+ -include FILE -imacros FILE
+ -iprefix FILE -iwithprefix DIR
+ -iwithprefixbefore DIR -isystem DIR
+ -imultilib DIR -isysroot DIR
+ -M -MM -MF -MG -MP -MQ -MT -nostdinc
+ -P -fworking-directory -remap
+ -trigraphs -undef -UMACRO -Wp,OPTION
+ -Xpreprocessor OPTION
+
+_Assembler Option_
+ *Note Passing Options to the Assembler: Assembler Options.
+ -Wa,OPTION -Xassembler OPTION
+
+_Linker Options_
+ *Note Options for Linking: Link Options.
+ OBJECT-FILE-NAME -lLIBRARY
+ -nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs -nostdlib -pie -rdynamic
+ -s -static -static-libgcc -shared -shared-libgcc -symbolic
+ -T SCRIPT -Wl,OPTION -Xlinker OPTION
+ -u SYMBOL
+
+_Directory Options_
+ *Note Options for Directory Search: Directory Options.
+ -BPREFIX -IDIR -iquoteDIR -LDIR
+ -specs=FILE -I- --sysroot=DIR
+
+_Target Options_
+ *Note Target Options::.
+ -V VERSION -b MACHINE
+
+_Machine Dependent Options_
+ *Note Hardware Models and Configurations: Submodel Options.
+
+ _ARC Options_
+ -EB -EL
+ -mmangle-cpu -mcpu=CPU -mtext=TEXT-SECTION
+ -mdata=DATA-SECTION -mrodata=READONLY-DATA-SECTION
+
+ _ARM Options_
+ -mapcs-frame -mno-apcs-frame
+ -mabi=NAME
+ -mapcs-stack-check -mno-apcs-stack-check
+ -mapcs-float -mno-apcs-float
+ -mapcs-reentrant -mno-apcs-reentrant
+ -msched-prolog -mno-sched-prolog
+ -mlittle-endian -mbig-endian -mwords-little-endian
+ -mfloat-abi=NAME -msoft-float -mhard-float -mfpe
+ -mthumb-interwork -mno-thumb-interwork
+ -mcpu=NAME -march=NAME -mfpu=NAME
+ -mstructure-size-boundary=N
+ -mabort-on-noreturn
+ -mlong-calls -mno-long-calls
+ -msingle-pic-base -mno-single-pic-base
+ -mpic-register=REG
+ -mnop-fun-dllimport
+ -mcirrus-fix-invalid-insns -mno-cirrus-fix-invalid-insns
+ -mpoke-function-name
+ -mthumb -marm
+ -mtpcs-frame -mtpcs-leaf-frame
+ -mcaller-super-interworking -mcallee-super-interworking
+ -mtp=NAME
+ -mword-relocations
+ -mfix-cortex-m3-ldrd
+
+ _AVR Options_
+ -mmcu=MCU -msize -mno-interrupts
+ -mcall-prologues -mno-tablejump -mtiny-stack -mint8
+
+ _Blackfin Options_
+ -mcpu=CPU[-SIREVISION]
+ -msim -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer
+ -mspecld-anomaly -mno-specld-anomaly -mcsync-anomaly -mno-csync-anomaly
+ -mlow-64k -mno-low64k -mstack-check-l1 -mid-shared-library
+ -mno-id-shared-library -mshared-library-id=N
+ -mleaf-id-shared-library -mno-leaf-id-shared-library
+ -msep-data -mno-sep-data -mlong-calls -mno-long-calls
+ -mfast-fp -minline-plt -mmulticore -mcorea -mcoreb -msdram
+ -micplb
+
+ _CRIS Options_
+ -mcpu=CPU -march=CPU -mtune=CPU
+ -mmax-stack-frame=N -melinux-stacksize=N
+ -metrax4 -metrax100 -mpdebug -mcc-init -mno-side-effects
+ -mstack-align -mdata-align -mconst-align
+ -m32-bit -m16-bit -m8-bit -mno-prologue-epilogue -mno-gotplt
+ -melf -maout -melinux -mlinux -sim -sim2
+ -mmul-bug-workaround -mno-mul-bug-workaround
+
+ _CRX Options_
+ -mmac -mpush-args
+
+ _Darwin Options_
+ -all_load -allowable_client -arch -arch_errors_fatal
+ -arch_only -bind_at_load -bundle -bundle_loader
+ -client_name -compatibility_version -current_version
+ -dead_strip
+ -dependency-file -dylib_file -dylinker_install_name
+ -dynamic -dynamiclib -exported_symbols_list
+ -filelist -flat_namespace -force_cpusubtype_ALL
+ -force_flat_namespace -headerpad_max_install_names
+ -iframework
+ -image_base -init -install_name -keep_private_externs
+ -multi_module -multiply_defined -multiply_defined_unused
+ -noall_load -no_dead_strip_inits_and_terms
+ -nofixprebinding -nomultidefs -noprebind -noseglinkedit
+ -pagezero_size -prebind -prebind_all_twolevel_modules
+ -private_bundle -read_only_relocs -sectalign
+ -sectobjectsymbols -whyload -seg1addr
+ -sectcreate -sectobjectsymbols -sectorder
+ -segaddr -segs_read_only_addr -segs_read_write_addr
+ -seg_addr_table -seg_addr_table_filename -seglinkedit
+ -segprot -segs_read_only_addr -segs_read_write_addr
+ -single_module -static -sub_library -sub_umbrella
+ -twolevel_namespace -umbrella -undefined
+ -unexported_symbols_list -weak_reference_mismatches
+ -whatsloaded -F -gused -gfull -mmacosx-version-min=VERSION
+ -mkernel -mone-byte-bool
+
+ _DEC Alpha Options_
+ -mno-fp-regs -msoft-float -malpha-as -mgas
+ -mieee -mieee-with-inexact -mieee-conformant
+ -mfp-trap-mode=MODE -mfp-rounding-mode=MODE
+ -mtrap-precision=MODE -mbuild-constants
+ -mcpu=CPU-TYPE -mtune=CPU-TYPE
+ -mbwx -mmax -mfix -mcix
+ -mfloat-vax -mfloat-ieee
+ -mexplicit-relocs -msmall-data -mlarge-data
+ -msmall-text -mlarge-text
+ -mmemory-latency=TIME
+
+ _DEC Alpha/VMS Options_
+ -mvms-return-codes
+
+ _FR30 Options_
+ -msmall-model -mno-lsim
+
+ _FRV Options_
+ -mgpr-32 -mgpr-64 -mfpr-32 -mfpr-64
+ -mhard-float -msoft-float
+ -malloc-cc -mfixed-cc -mdword -mno-dword
+ -mdouble -mno-double
+ -mmedia -mno-media -mmuladd -mno-muladd
+ -mfdpic -minline-plt -mgprel-ro -multilib-library-pic
+ -mlinked-fp -mlong-calls -malign-labels
+ -mlibrary-pic -macc-4 -macc-8
+ -mpack -mno-pack -mno-eflags -mcond-move -mno-cond-move
+ -moptimize-membar -mno-optimize-membar
+ -mscc -mno-scc -mcond-exec -mno-cond-exec
+ -mvliw-branch -mno-vliw-branch
+ -mmulti-cond-exec -mno-multi-cond-exec -mnested-cond-exec
+ -mno-nested-cond-exec -mtomcat-stats
+ -mTLS -mtls
+ -mcpu=CPU
+
+ _GNU/Linux Options_
+ -muclibc
+
+ _H8/300 Options_
+ -mrelax -mh -ms -mn -mint32 -malign-300
+
+ _HPPA Options_
+ -march=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE
+ -mbig-switch -mdisable-fpregs -mdisable-indexing
+ -mfast-indirect-calls -mgas -mgnu-ld -mhp-ld
+ -mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE
+ -mjump-in-delay -mlinker-opt -mlong-calls
+ -mlong-load-store -mno-big-switch -mno-disable-fpregs
+ -mno-disable-indexing -mno-fast-indirect-calls -mno-gas
+ -mno-jump-in-delay -mno-long-load-store
+ -mno-portable-runtime -mno-soft-float
+ -mno-space-regs -msoft-float -mpa-risc-1-0
+ -mpa-risc-1-1 -mpa-risc-2-0 -mportable-runtime
+ -mschedule=CPU-TYPE -mspace-regs -msio -mwsio
+ -munix=UNIX-STD -nolibdld -static -threads
+
+ _i386 and x86-64 Options_
+ -mtune=CPU-TYPE -march=CPU-TYPE
+ -mfpmath=UNIT
+ -masm=DIALECT -mno-fancy-math-387
+ -mno-fp-ret-in-387 -msoft-float
+ -mno-wide-multiply -mrtd -malign-double
+ -mpreferred-stack-boundary=NUM
+ -mincoming-stack-boundary=NUM
+ -mcld -mcx16 -msahf -mrecip
+ -mmmx -msse -msse2 -msse3 -mssse3 -msse4.1 -msse4.2 -msse4 -mavx
+ -maes -mpclmul
+ -msse4a -m3dnow -mpopcnt -mabm -msse5
+ -mthreads -mno-align-stringops -minline-all-stringops
+ -minline-stringops-dynamically -mstringop-strategy=ALG
+ -mpush-args -maccumulate-outgoing-args -m128bit-long-double
+ -m96bit-long-double -mregparm=NUM -msseregparm
+ -mveclibabi=TYPE -mpc32 -mpc64 -mpc80 -mstackrealign
+ -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -mno-red-zone -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs
+ -mcmodel=CODE-MODEL
+ -m32 -m64 -mlarge-data-threshold=NUM
+ -mfused-madd -mno-fused-madd -msse2avx
+
+ _IA-64 Options_
+ -mbig-endian -mlittle-endian -mgnu-as -mgnu-ld -mno-pic
+ -mvolatile-asm-stop -mregister-names -mno-sdata
+ -mconstant-gp -mauto-pic -minline-float-divide-min-latency
+ -minline-float-divide-max-throughput
+ -minline-int-divide-min-latency
+ -minline-int-divide-max-throughput
+ -minline-sqrt-min-latency -minline-sqrt-max-throughput
+ -mno-dwarf2-asm -mearly-stop-bits
+ -mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE -mtls-size=TLS-SIZE
+ -mtune=CPU-TYPE -mt -pthread -milp32 -mlp64
+ -mno-sched-br-data-spec -msched-ar-data-spec -mno-sched-control-spec
+ -msched-br-in-data-spec -msched-ar-in-data-spec -msched-in-control-spec
+ -msched-ldc -mno-sched-control-ldc -mno-sched-spec-verbose
+ -mno-sched-prefer-non-data-spec-insns
+ -mno-sched-prefer-non-control-spec-insns
+ -mno-sched-count-spec-in-critical-path
+
+ _M32R/D Options_
+ -m32r2 -m32rx -m32r
+ -mdebug
+ -malign-loops -mno-align-loops
+ -missue-rate=NUMBER
+ -mbranch-cost=NUMBER
+ -mmodel=CODE-SIZE-MODEL-TYPE
+ -msdata=SDATA-TYPE
+ -mno-flush-func -mflush-func=NAME
+ -mno-flush-trap -mflush-trap=NUMBER
+ -G NUM
+
+ _M32C Options_
+ -mcpu=CPU -msim -memregs=NUMBER
+
+ _M680x0 Options_
+ -march=ARCH -mcpu=CPU -mtune=TUNE
+ -m68000 -m68020 -m68020-40 -m68020-60 -m68030 -m68040
+ -m68060 -mcpu32 -m5200 -m5206e -m528x -m5307 -m5407
+ -mcfv4e -mbitfield -mno-bitfield -mc68000 -mc68020
+ -mnobitfield -mrtd -mno-rtd -mdiv -mno-div -mshort
+ -mno-short -mhard-float -m68881 -msoft-float -mpcrel
+ -malign-int -mstrict-align -msep-data -mno-sep-data
+ -mshared-library-id=n -mid-shared-library -mno-id-shared-library
+ -mxgot -mno-xgot
+
+ _M68hc1x Options_
+ -m6811 -m6812 -m68hc11 -m68hc12 -m68hcs12
+ -mauto-incdec -minmax -mlong-calls -mshort
+ -msoft-reg-count=COUNT
+
+ _MCore Options_
+ -mhardlit -mno-hardlit -mdiv -mno-div -mrelax-immediates
+ -mno-relax-immediates -mwide-bitfields -mno-wide-bitfields
+ -m4byte-functions -mno-4byte-functions -mcallgraph-data
+ -mno-callgraph-data -mslow-bytes -mno-slow-bytes -mno-lsim
+ -mlittle-endian -mbig-endian -m210 -m340 -mstack-increment
+
+ _MIPS Options_
+ -EL -EB -march=ARCH -mtune=ARCH
+ -mips1 -mips2 -mips3 -mips4 -mips32 -mips32r2
+ -mips64 -mips64r2
+ -mips16 -mno-mips16 -mflip-mips16
+ -minterlink-mips16 -mno-interlink-mips16
+ -mabi=ABI -mabicalls -mno-abicalls
+ -mshared -mno-shared -mplt -mno-plt -mxgot -mno-xgot
+ -mgp32 -mgp64 -mfp32 -mfp64 -mhard-float -msoft-float
+ -msingle-float -mdouble-float -mdsp -mno-dsp -mdspr2 -mno-dspr2
+ -mfpu=FPU-TYPE
+ -msmartmips -mno-smartmips
+ -mpaired-single -mno-paired-single -mdmx -mno-mdmx
+ -mips3d -mno-mips3d -mmt -mno-mt -mllsc -mno-llsc
+ -mlong64 -mlong32 -msym32 -mno-sym32
+ -GNUM -mlocal-sdata -mno-local-sdata
+ -mextern-sdata -mno-extern-sdata -mgpopt -mno-gopt
+ -membedded-data -mno-embedded-data
+ -muninit-const-in-rodata -mno-uninit-const-in-rodata
+ -mcode-readable=SETTING
+ -msplit-addresses -mno-split-addresses
+ -mexplicit-relocs -mno-explicit-relocs
+ -mcheck-zero-division -mno-check-zero-division
+ -mdivide-traps -mdivide-breaks
+ -mmemcpy -mno-memcpy -mlong-calls -mno-long-calls
+ -mmad -mno-mad -mfused-madd -mno-fused-madd -nocpp
+ -mfix-r4000 -mno-fix-r4000 -mfix-r4400 -mno-fix-r4400
+ -mfix-r10000 -mno-fix-r10000 -mfix-vr4120 -mno-fix-vr4120
+ -mfix-vr4130 -mno-fix-vr4130 -mfix-sb1 -mno-fix-sb1
+ -mflush-func=FUNC -mno-flush-func
+ -mbranch-cost=NUM -mbranch-likely -mno-branch-likely
+ -mfp-exceptions -mno-fp-exceptions
+ -mvr4130-align -mno-vr4130-align
+
+ _MMIX Options_
+ -mlibfuncs -mno-libfuncs -mepsilon -mno-epsilon -mabi=gnu
+ -mabi=mmixware -mzero-extend -mknuthdiv -mtoplevel-symbols
+ -melf -mbranch-predict -mno-branch-predict -mbase-addresses
+ -mno-base-addresses -msingle-exit -mno-single-exit
+
+ _MN10300 Options_
+ -mmult-bug -mno-mult-bug
+ -mam33 -mno-am33
+ -mam33-2 -mno-am33-2
+ -mreturn-pointer-on-d0
+ -mno-crt0 -mrelax
+
+ _PDP-11 Options_
+ -mfpu -msoft-float -mac0 -mno-ac0 -m40 -m45 -m10
+ -mbcopy -mbcopy-builtin -mint32 -mno-int16
+ -mint16 -mno-int32 -mfloat32 -mno-float64
+ -mfloat64 -mno-float32 -mabshi -mno-abshi
+ -mbranch-expensive -mbranch-cheap
+ -msplit -mno-split -munix-asm -mdec-asm
+
+ _picoChip Options_
+ -mae=AE_TYPE -mvliw-lookahead=N
+ -msymbol-as-address -mno-inefficient-warnings
+
+ _PowerPC Options_ See RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+
+ _RS/6000 and PowerPC Options_
+ -mcpu=CPU-TYPE
+ -mtune=CPU-TYPE
+ -mpower -mno-power -mpower2 -mno-power2
+ -mpowerpc -mpowerpc64 -mno-powerpc
+ -maltivec -mno-altivec
+ -mpowerpc-gpopt -mno-powerpc-gpopt
+ -mpowerpc-gfxopt -mno-powerpc-gfxopt
+ -mmfcrf -mno-mfcrf -mpopcntb -mno-popcntb -mfprnd -mno-fprnd
+ -mcmpb -mno-cmpb -mmfpgpr -mno-mfpgpr -mhard-dfp -mno-hard-dfp
+ -mnew-mnemonics -mold-mnemonics
+ -mfull-toc -mminimal-toc -mno-fp-in-toc -mno-sum-in-toc
+ -m64 -m32 -mxl-compat -mno-xl-compat -mpe
+ -malign-power -malign-natural
+ -msoft-float -mhard-float -mmultiple -mno-multiple
+ -msingle-float -mdouble-float -msimple-fpu
+ -mstring -mno-string -mupdate -mno-update
+ -mavoid-indexed-addresses -mno-avoid-indexed-addresses
+ -mfused-madd -mno-fused-madd -mbit-align -mno-bit-align
+ -mstrict-align -mno-strict-align -mrelocatable
+ -mno-relocatable -mrelocatable-lib -mno-relocatable-lib
+ -mtoc -mno-toc -mlittle -mlittle-endian -mbig -mbig-endian
+ -mdynamic-no-pic -maltivec -mswdiv
+ -mprioritize-restricted-insns=PRIORITY
+ -msched-costly-dep=DEPENDENCE_TYPE
+ -minsert-sched-nops=SCHEME
+ -mcall-sysv -mcall-netbsd
+ -maix-struct-return -msvr4-struct-return
+ -mabi=ABI-TYPE -msecure-plt -mbss-plt
+ -misel -mno-isel
+ -misel=yes -misel=no
+ -mspe -mno-spe
+ -mspe=yes -mspe=no
+ -mpaired
+ -mgen-cell-microcode -mwarn-cell-microcode
+ -mvrsave -mno-vrsave
+ -mmulhw -mno-mulhw
+ -mdlmzb -mno-dlmzb
+ -mfloat-gprs=yes -mfloat-gprs=no -mfloat-gprs=single -mfloat-gprs=double
+ -mprototype -mno-prototype
+ -msim -mmvme -mads -myellowknife -memb -msdata
+ -msdata=OPT -mvxworks -G NUM -pthread
+
+ _S/390 and zSeries Options_
+ -mtune=CPU-TYPE -march=CPU-TYPE
+ -mhard-float -msoft-float -mhard-dfp -mno-hard-dfp
+ -mlong-double-64 -mlong-double-128
+ -mbackchain -mno-backchain -mpacked-stack -mno-packed-stack
+ -msmall-exec -mno-small-exec -mmvcle -mno-mvcle
+ -m64 -m31 -mdebug -mno-debug -mesa -mzarch
+ -mtpf-trace -mno-tpf-trace -mfused-madd -mno-fused-madd
+ -mwarn-framesize -mwarn-dynamicstack -mstack-size -mstack-guard
+
+ _Score Options_
+ -meb -mel
+ -mnhwloop
+ -muls
+ -mmac
+ -mscore5 -mscore5u -mscore7 -mscore7d
+
+ _SH Options_
+ -m1 -m2 -m2e -m3 -m3e
+ -m4-nofpu -m4-single-only -m4-single -m4
+ -m4a-nofpu -m4a-single-only -m4a-single -m4a -m4al
+ -m5-64media -m5-64media-nofpu
+ -m5-32media -m5-32media-nofpu
+ -m5-compact -m5-compact-nofpu
+ -mb -ml -mdalign -mrelax
+ -mbigtable -mfmovd -mhitachi -mrenesas -mno-renesas -mnomacsave
+ -mieee -mbitops -misize -minline-ic_invalidate -mpadstruct -mspace
+ -mprefergot -musermode -multcost=NUMBER -mdiv=STRATEGY
+ -mdivsi3_libfunc=NAME -mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE
+ -madjust-unroll -mindexed-addressing -mgettrcost=NUMBER -mpt-fixed
+ -minvalid-symbols
+
+ _SPARC Options_
+ -mcpu=CPU-TYPE
+ -mtune=CPU-TYPE
+ -mcmodel=CODE-MODEL
+ -m32 -m64 -mapp-regs -mno-app-regs
+ -mfaster-structs -mno-faster-structs
+ -mfpu -mno-fpu -mhard-float -msoft-float
+ -mhard-quad-float -msoft-quad-float
+ -mimpure-text -mno-impure-text -mlittle-endian
+ -mstack-bias -mno-stack-bias
+ -munaligned-doubles -mno-unaligned-doubles
+ -mv8plus -mno-v8plus -mvis -mno-vis
+ -threads -pthreads -pthread
+
+ _SPU Options_
+ -mwarn-reloc -merror-reloc
+ -msafe-dma -munsafe-dma
+ -mbranch-hints
+ -msmall-mem -mlarge-mem -mstdmain
+ -mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE
+
+ _System V Options_
+ -Qy -Qn -YP,PATHS -Ym,DIR
+
+ _V850 Options_
+ -mlong-calls -mno-long-calls -mep -mno-ep
+ -mprolog-function -mno-prolog-function -mspace
+ -mtda=N -msda=N -mzda=N
+ -mapp-regs -mno-app-regs
+ -mdisable-callt -mno-disable-callt
+ -mv850e1
+ -mv850e
+ -mv850 -mbig-switch
+
+ _VAX Options_
+ -mg -mgnu -munix
+
+ _VxWorks Options_
+ -mrtp -non-static -Bstatic -Bdynamic
+ -Xbind-lazy -Xbind-now
+
+ _x86-64 Options_ See i386 and x86-64 Options.
+
+ _i386 and x86-64 Windows Options_
+ -mconsole -mcygwin -mno-cygwin -mdll
+ -mnop-fun-dllimport -mthread -mwin32 -mwindows
+
+ _Xstormy16 Options_
+ -msim
+
+ _Xtensa Options_
+ -mconst16 -mno-const16
+ -mfused-madd -mno-fused-madd
+ -mserialize-volatile -mno-serialize-volatile
+ -mtext-section-literals -mno-text-section-literals
+ -mtarget-align -mno-target-align
+ -mlongcalls -mno-longcalls
+
+ _zSeries Options_ See S/390 and zSeries Options.
+
+_Code Generation Options_
+ *Note Options for Code Generation Conventions: Code Gen Options.
+ -fcall-saved-REG -fcall-used-REG
+ -ffixed-REG -fexceptions
+ -fnon-call-exceptions -funwind-tables
+ -fasynchronous-unwind-tables
+ -finhibit-size-directive -finstrument-functions
+ -finstrument-functions-exclude-function-list=SYM,SYM,...
+ -finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list=FILE,FILE,...
+ -fno-common -fno-ident
+ -fpcc-struct-return -fpic -fPIC -fpie -fPIE
+ -fno-jump-tables
+ -frecord-gcc-switches
+ -freg-struct-return -fshort-enums
+ -fshort-double -fshort-wchar
+ -fverbose-asm -fpack-struct[=N] -fstack-check
+ -fstack-limit-register=REG -fstack-limit-symbol=SYM
+ -fno-stack-limit -fargument-alias -fargument-noalias
+ -fargument-noalias-global -fargument-noalias-anything
+ -fleading-underscore -ftls-model=MODEL
+ -ftrapv -fwrapv -fbounds-check
+ -fvisibility
+
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Overall Options:: Controlling the kind of output:
+ an executable, object files, assembler files,
+ or preprocessed source.
+* C Dialect Options:: Controlling the variant of C language compiled.
+* C++ Dialect Options:: Variations on C++.
+* Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options:: Variations on Objective-C
+ and Objective-C++.
+* Language Independent Options:: Controlling how diagnostics should be
+ formatted.
+* Warning Options:: How picky should the compiler be?
+* Debugging Options:: Symbol tables, measurements, and debugging dumps.
+* Optimize Options:: How much optimization?
+* Preprocessor Options:: Controlling header files and macro definitions.
+ Also, getting dependency information for Make.
+* Assembler Options:: Passing options to the assembler.
+* Link Options:: Specifying libraries and so on.
+* Directory Options:: Where to find header files and libraries.
+ Where to find the compiler executable files.
+* Spec Files:: How to pass switches to sub-processes.
+* Target Options:: Running a cross-compiler, or an old version of GCC.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Overall Options, Next: Invoking G++, Prev: Option Summary, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.2 Options Controlling the Kind of Output
+==========================================
+
+Compilation can involve up to four stages: preprocessing, compilation
+proper, assembly and linking, always in that order. GCC is capable of
+preprocessing and compiling several files either into several assembler
+input files, or into one assembler input file; then each assembler
+input file produces an object file, and linking combines all the object
+files (those newly compiled, and those specified as input) into an
+executable file.
+
+ For any given input file, the file name suffix determines what kind of
+compilation is done:
+
+`FILE.c'
+ C source code which must be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.i'
+ C source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.ii'
+ C++ source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.m'
+ Objective-C source code. Note that you must link with the
+ `libobjc' library to make an Objective-C program work.
+
+`FILE.mi'
+ Objective-C source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.mm'
+`FILE.M'
+ Objective-C++ source code. Note that you must link with the
+ `libobjc' library to make an Objective-C++ program work. Note
+ that `.M' refers to a literal capital M.
+
+`FILE.mii'
+ Objective-C++ source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.h'
+ C, C++, Objective-C or Objective-C++ header file to be turned into
+ a precompiled header.
+
+`FILE.cc'
+`FILE.cp'
+`FILE.cxx'
+`FILE.cpp'
+`FILE.CPP'
+`FILE.c++'
+`FILE.C'
+ C++ source code which must be preprocessed. Note that in `.cxx',
+ the last two letters must both be literally `x'. Likewise, `.C'
+ refers to a literal capital C.
+
+`FILE.mm'
+`FILE.M'
+ Objective-C++ source code which must be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.mii'
+ Objective-C++ source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.hh'
+`FILE.H'
+`FILE.hp'
+`FILE.hxx'
+`FILE.hpp'
+`FILE.HPP'
+`FILE.h++'
+`FILE.tcc'
+ C++ header file to be turned into a precompiled header.
+
+`FILE.f'
+`FILE.for'
+`FILE.ftn'
+ Fixed form Fortran source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.F'
+`FILE.FOR'
+`FILE.fpp'
+`FILE.FPP'
+`FILE.FTN'
+ Fixed form Fortran source code which must be preprocessed (with
+ the traditional preprocessor).
+
+`FILE.f90'
+`FILE.f95'
+`FILE.f03'
+`FILE.f08'
+ Free form Fortran source code which should not be preprocessed.
+
+`FILE.F90'
+`FILE.F95'
+`FILE.F03'
+`FILE.F08'
+ Free form Fortran source code which must be preprocessed (with the
+ traditional preprocessor).
+
+`FILE.ads'
+ Ada source code file which contains a library unit declaration (a
+ declaration of a package, subprogram, or generic, or a generic
+ instantiation), or a library unit renaming declaration (a package,
+ generic, or subprogram renaming declaration). Such files are also
+ called "specs".
+
+`FILE.adb'
+ Ada source code file containing a library unit body (a subprogram
+ or package body). Such files are also called "bodies".
+
+`FILE.s'
+ Assembler code.
+
+`FILE.S'
+`FILE.sx'
+ Assembler code which must be preprocessed.
+
+`OTHER'
+ An object file to be fed straight into linking. Any file name
+ with no recognized suffix is treated this way.
+
+ You can specify the input language explicitly with the `-x' option:
+
+`-x LANGUAGE'
+ Specify explicitly the LANGUAGE for the following input files
+ (rather than letting the compiler choose a default based on the
+ file name suffix). This option applies to all following input
+ files until the next `-x' option. Possible values for LANGUAGE
+ are:
+ c c-header c-cpp-output
+ c++ c++-header c++-cpp-output
+ objective-c objective-c-header objective-c-cpp-output
+ objective-c++ objective-c++-header objective-c++-cpp-output
+ assembler assembler-with-cpp
+ ada
+ f77 f77-cpp-input f95 f95-cpp-input
+ java
+
+`-x none'
+ Turn off any specification of a language, so that subsequent files
+ are handled according to their file name suffixes (as they are if
+ `-x' has not been used at all).
+
+`-pass-exit-codes'
+ Normally the `gcc' program will exit with the code of 1 if any
+ phase of the compiler returns a non-success return code. If you
+ specify `-pass-exit-codes', the `gcc' program will instead return
+ with numerically highest error produced by any phase that returned
+ an error indication. The C, C++, and Fortran frontends return 4,
+ if an internal compiler error is encountered.
+
+ If you only want some of the stages of compilation, you can use `-x'
+(or filename suffixes) to tell `gcc' where to start, and one of the
+options `-c', `-S', or `-E' to say where `gcc' is to stop. Note that
+some combinations (for example, `-x cpp-output -E') instruct `gcc' to
+do nothing at all.
+
+`-c'
+ Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link. The linking
+ stage simply is not done. The ultimate output is in the form of an
+ object file for each source file.
+
+ By default, the object file name for a source file is made by
+ replacing the suffix `.c', `.i', `.s', etc., with `.o'.
+
+ Unrecognized input files, not requiring compilation or assembly,
+ are ignored.
+
+`-S'
+ Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble. The
+ output is in the form of an assembler code file for each
+ non-assembler input file specified.
+
+ By default, the assembler file name for a source file is made by
+ replacing the suffix `.c', `.i', etc., with `.s'.
+
+ Input files that don't require compilation are ignored.
+
+`-E'
+ Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler
+ proper. The output is in the form of preprocessed source code,
+ which is sent to the standard output.
+
+ Input files which don't require preprocessing are ignored.
+
+`-o FILE'
+ Place output in file FILE. This applies regardless to whatever
+ sort of output is being produced, whether it be an executable file,
+ an object file, an assembler file or preprocessed C code.
+
+ If `-o' is not specified, the default is to put an executable file
+ in `a.out', the object file for `SOURCE.SUFFIX' in `SOURCE.o', its
+ assembler file in `SOURCE.s', a precompiled header file in
+ `SOURCE.SUFFIX.gch', and all preprocessed C source on standard
+ output.
+
+`-v'
+ Print (on standard error output) the commands executed to run the
+ stages of compilation. Also print the version number of the
+ compiler driver program and of the preprocessor and the compiler
+ proper.
+
+`-###'
+ Like `-v' except the commands are not executed and all command
+ arguments are quoted. This is useful for shell scripts to capture
+ the driver-generated command lines.
+
+`-pipe'
+ Use pipes rather than temporary files for communication between the
+ various stages of compilation. This fails to work on some systems
+ where the assembler is unable to read from a pipe; but the GNU
+ assembler has no trouble.
+
+`-combine'
+ If you are compiling multiple source files, this option tells the
+ driver to pass all the source files to the compiler at once (for
+ those languages for which the compiler can handle this). This
+ will allow intermodule analysis (IMA) to be performed by the
+ compiler. Currently the only language for which this is supported
+ is C. If you pass source files for multiple languages to the
+ driver, using this option, the driver will invoke the compiler(s)
+ that support IMA once each, passing each compiler all the source
+ files appropriate for it. For those languages that do not support
+ IMA this option will be ignored, and the compiler will be invoked
+ once for each source file in that language. If you use this
+ option in conjunction with `-save-temps', the compiler will
+ generate multiple pre-processed files (one for each source file),
+ but only one (combined) `.o' or `.s' file.
+
+`--help'
+ Print (on the standard output) a description of the command line
+ options understood by `gcc'. If the `-v' option is also specified
+ then `--help' will also be passed on to the various processes
+ invoked by `gcc', so that they can display the command line options
+ they accept. If the `-Wextra' option has also been specified
+ (prior to the `--help' option), then command line options which
+ have no documentation associated with them will also be displayed.
+
+`--target-help'
+ Print (on the standard output) a description of target-specific
+ command line options for each tool. For some targets extra
+ target-specific information may also be printed.
+
+`--help={CLASS|[^]QUALIFIER}[,...]'
+ Print (on the standard output) a description of the command line
+ options understood by the compiler that fit into all specified
+ classes and qualifiers. These are the supported classes:
+
+ `optimizers'
+ This will display all of the optimization options supported
+ by the compiler.
+
+ `warnings'
+ This will display all of the options controlling warning
+ messages produced by the compiler.
+
+ `target'
+ This will display target-specific options. Unlike the
+ `--target-help' option however, target-specific options of the
+ linker and assembler will not be displayed. This is because
+ those tools do not currently support the extended `--help='
+ syntax.
+
+ `params'
+ This will display the values recognized by the `--param'
+ option.
+
+ LANGUAGE
+ This will display the options supported for LANGUAGE, where
+ LANGUAGE is the name of one of the languages supported in this
+ version of GCC.
+
+ `common'
+ This will display the options that are common to all
+ languages.
+
+ These are the supported qualifiers:
+
+ `undocumented'
+ Display only those options which are undocumented.
+
+ `joined'
+ Display options which take an argument that appears after an
+ equal sign in the same continuous piece of text, such as:
+ `--help=target'.
+
+ `separate'
+ Display options which take an argument that appears as a
+ separate word following the original option, such as: `-o
+ output-file'.
+
+ Thus for example to display all the undocumented target-specific
+ switches supported by the compiler the following can be used:
+
+ --help=target,undocumented
+
+ The sense of a qualifier can be inverted by prefixing it with the
+ `^' character, so for example to display all binary warning
+ options (i.e., ones that are either on or off and that do not take
+ an argument), which have a description the following can be used:
+
+ --help=warnings,^joined,^undocumented
+
+ The argument to `--help=' should not consist solely of inverted
+ qualifiers.
+
+ Combining several classes is possible, although this usually
+ restricts the output by so much that there is nothing to display.
+ One case where it does work however is when one of the classes is
+ TARGET. So for example to display all the target-specific
+ optimization options the following can be used:
+
+ --help=target,optimizers
+
+ The `--help=' option can be repeated on the command line. Each
+ successive use will display its requested class of options,
+ skipping those that have already been displayed.
+
+ If the `-Q' option appears on the command line before the
+ `--help=' option, then the descriptive text displayed by `--help='
+ is changed. Instead of describing the displayed options, an
+ indication is given as to whether the option is enabled, disabled
+ or set to a specific value (assuming that the compiler knows this
+ at the point where the `--help=' option is used).
+
+ Here is a truncated example from the ARM port of `gcc':
+
+ % gcc -Q -mabi=2 --help=target -c
+ The following options are target specific:
+ -mabi= 2
+ -mabort-on-noreturn [disabled]
+ -mapcs [disabled]
+
+ The output is sensitive to the effects of previous command line
+ options, so for example it is possible to find out which
+ optimizations are enabled at `-O2' by using:
+
+ -Q -O2 --help=optimizers
+
+ Alternatively you can discover which binary optimizations are
+ enabled by `-O3' by using:
+
+ gcc -c -Q -O3 --help=optimizers > /tmp/O3-opts
+ gcc -c -Q -O2 --help=optimizers > /tmp/O2-opts
+ diff /tmp/O2-opts /tmp/O3-opts | grep enabled
+
+`--version'
+ Display the version number and copyrights of the invoked GCC.
+
+`-wrapper'
+ Invoke all subcommands under a wrapper program. It takes a single
+ comma separated list as an argument, which will be used to invoke
+ the wrapper:
+
+ gcc -c t.c -wrapper gdb,--args
+
+ This will invoke all subprograms of gcc under "gdb -args", thus
+ cc1 invocation will be "gdb -args cc1 ...".
+
+`@FILE'
+ Read command-line options from FILE. The options read are
+ inserted in place of the original @FILE option. If FILE does not
+ exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
+ literally, and not removed.
+
+ Options in FILE are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
+ character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
+ option in either single or double quotes. Any character
+ (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character
+ to be included with a backslash. The FILE may itself contain
+ additional @FILE options; any such options will be processed
+ recursively.
+
\1f
-Indirect:
-gcc.info-1: 1225
-gcc.info-2: 46116
-gcc.info-3: 79123
-gcc.info-4: 112372
-gcc.info-5: 161065
-gcc.info-6: 194212
-gcc.info-7: 240279
-gcc.info-8: 286354
-gcc.info-9: 335494
-gcc.info-10: 372165
-gcc.info-11: 421193
-gcc.info-12: 462678
-gcc.info-13: 510634
-gcc.info-14: 554468
-gcc.info-15: 603958
-gcc.info-16: 613610
-gcc.info-17: 670545
-gcc.info-18: 719787
-gcc.info-19: 761299
-gcc.info-20: 804819
-gcc.info-21: 854438
-gcc.info-22: 899250
-gcc.info-23: 969159
+File: gcc.info, Node: Invoking G++, Next: C Dialect Options, Prev: Overall Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.3 Compiling C++ Programs
+==========================
+
+C++ source files conventionally use one of the suffixes `.C', `.cc',
+`.cpp', `.CPP', `.c++', `.cp', or `.cxx'; C++ header files often use
+`.hh', `.hpp', `.H', or (for shared template code) `.tcc'; and
+preprocessed C++ files use the suffix `.ii'. GCC recognizes files with
+these names and compiles them as C++ programs even if you call the
+compiler the same way as for compiling C programs (usually with the
+name `gcc').
+
+ However, the use of `gcc' does not add the C++ library. `g++' is a
+program that calls GCC and treats `.c', `.h' and `.i' files as C++
+source files instead of C source files unless `-x' is used, and
+automatically specifies linking against the C++ library. This program
+is also useful when precompiling a C header file with a `.h' extension
+for use in C++ compilations. On many systems, `g++' is also installed
+with the name `c++'.
+
+ When you compile C++ programs, you may specify many of the same
+command-line options that you use for compiling programs in any
+language; or command-line options meaningful for C and related
+languages; or options that are meaningful only for C++ programs. *Note
+Options Controlling C Dialect: C Dialect Options, for explanations of
+options for languages related to C. *Note Options Controlling C++
+Dialect: C++ Dialect Options, for explanations of options that are
+meaningful only for C++ programs.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C Dialect Options, Next: C++ Dialect Options, Prev: Invoking G++, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.4 Options Controlling C Dialect
+=================================
+
+The following options control the dialect of C (or languages derived
+from C, such as C++, Objective-C and Objective-C++) that the compiler
+accepts:
+
+`-ansi'
+ In C mode, this is equivalent to `-std=c89'. In C++ mode, it is
+ equivalent to `-std=c++98'.
+
+ This turns off certain features of GCC that are incompatible with
+ ISO C90 (when compiling C code), or of standard C++ (when
+ compiling C++ code), such as the `asm' and `typeof' keywords, and
+ predefined macros such as `unix' and `vax' that identify the type
+ of system you are using. It also enables the undesirable and
+ rarely used ISO trigraph feature. For the C compiler, it disables
+ recognition of C++ style `//' comments as well as the `inline'
+ keyword.
+
+ The alternate keywords `__asm__', `__extension__', `__inline__'
+ and `__typeof__' continue to work despite `-ansi'. You would not
+ want to use them in an ISO C program, of course, but it is useful
+ to put them in header files that might be included in compilations
+ done with `-ansi'. Alternate predefined macros such as `__unix__'
+ and `__vax__' are also available, with or without `-ansi'.
+
+ The `-ansi' option does not cause non-ISO programs to be rejected
+ gratuitously. For that, `-pedantic' is required in addition to
+ `-ansi'. *Note Warning Options::.
+
+ The macro `__STRICT_ANSI__' is predefined when the `-ansi' option
+ is used. Some header files may notice this macro and refrain from
+ declaring certain functions or defining certain macros that the
+ ISO standard doesn't call for; this is to avoid interfering with
+ any programs that might use these names for other things.
+
+ Functions that would normally be built in but do not have semantics
+ defined by ISO C (such as `alloca' and `ffs') are not built-in
+ functions when `-ansi' is used. *Note Other built-in functions
+ provided by GCC: Other Builtins, for details of the functions
+ affected.
+
+`-std='
+ Determine the language standard. *Note Language Standards
+ Supported by GCC: Standards, for details of these standard
+ versions. This option is currently only supported when compiling
+ C or C++.
+
+ The compiler can accept several base standards, such as `c89' or
+ `c++98', and GNU dialects of those standards, such as `gnu89' or
+ `gnu++98'. By specifying a base standard, the compiler will
+ accept all programs following that standard and those using GNU
+ extensions that do not contradict it. For example, `-std=c89'
+ turns off certain features of GCC that are incompatible with ISO
+ C90, such as the `asm' and `typeof' keywords, but not other GNU
+ extensions that do not have a meaning in ISO C90, such as omitting
+ the middle term of a `?:' expression. On the other hand, by
+ specifying a GNU dialect of a standard, all features the compiler
+ support are enabled, even when those features change the meaning
+ of the base standard and some strict-conforming programs may be
+ rejected. The particular standard is used by `-pedantic' to
+ identify which features are GNU extensions given that version of
+ the standard. For example `-std=gnu89 -pedantic' would warn about
+ C++ style `//' comments, while `-std=gnu99 -pedantic' would not.
+
+ A value for this option must be provided; possible values are
+
+ `c89'
+ `iso9899:1990'
+ Support all ISO C90 programs (certain GNU extensions that
+ conflict with ISO C90 are disabled). Same as `-ansi' for C
+ code.
+
+ `iso9899:199409'
+ ISO C90 as modified in amendment 1.
+
+ `c99'
+ `c9x'
+ `iso9899:1999'
+ `iso9899:199x'
+ ISO C99. Note that this standard is not yet fully supported;
+ see `http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.4/c99status.html' for more
+ information. The names `c9x' and `iso9899:199x' are
+ deprecated.
+
+ `gnu89'
+ GNU dialect of ISO C90 (including some C99 features). This is
+ the default for C code.
+
+ `gnu99'
+ `gnu9x'
+ GNU dialect of ISO C99. When ISO C99 is fully implemented in
+ GCC, this will become the default. The name `gnu9x' is
+ deprecated.
+
+ `c++98'
+ The 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments. Same as `-ansi' for
+ C++ code.
+
+ `gnu++98'
+ GNU dialect of `-std=c++98'. This is the default for C++
+ code.
+
+ `c++0x'
+ The working draft of the upcoming ISO C++0x standard. This
+ option enables experimental features that are likely to be
+ included in C++0x. The working draft is constantly changing,
+ and any feature that is enabled by this flag may be removed
+ from future versions of GCC if it is not part of the C++0x
+ standard.
+
+ `gnu++0x'
+ GNU dialect of `-std=c++0x'. This option enables experimental
+ features that may be removed in future versions of GCC.
+
+`-fgnu89-inline'
+ The option `-fgnu89-inline' tells GCC to use the traditional GNU
+ semantics for `inline' functions when in C99 mode. *Note An
+ Inline Function is As Fast As a Macro: Inline. This option is
+ accepted and ignored by GCC versions 4.1.3 up to but not including
+ 4.3. In GCC versions 4.3 and later it changes the behavior of GCC
+ in C99 mode. Using this option is roughly equivalent to adding the
+ `gnu_inline' function attribute to all inline functions (*note
+ Function Attributes::).
+
+ The option `-fno-gnu89-inline' explicitly tells GCC to use the C99
+ semantics for `inline' when in C99 or gnu99 mode (i.e., it
+ specifies the default behavior). This option was first supported
+ in GCC 4.3. This option is not supported in C89 or gnu89 mode.
+
+ The preprocessor macros `__GNUC_GNU_INLINE__' and
+ `__GNUC_STDC_INLINE__' may be used to check which semantics are in
+ effect for `inline' functions. *Note Common Predefined Macros:
+ (cpp)Common Predefined Macros.
+
+`-aux-info FILENAME'
+ Output to the given filename prototyped declarations for all
+ functions declared and/or defined in a translation unit, including
+ those in header files. This option is silently ignored in any
+ language other than C.
+
+ Besides declarations, the file indicates, in comments, the origin
+ of each declaration (source file and line), whether the
+ declaration was implicit, prototyped or unprototyped (`I', `N' for
+ new or `O' for old, respectively, in the first character after the
+ line number and the colon), and whether it came from a declaration
+ or a definition (`C' or `F', respectively, in the following
+ character). In the case of function definitions, a K&R-style list
+ of arguments followed by their declarations is also provided,
+ inside comments, after the declaration.
+
+`-fno-asm'
+ Do not recognize `asm', `inline' or `typeof' as a keyword, so that
+ code can use these words as identifiers. You can use the keywords
+ `__asm__', `__inline__' and `__typeof__' instead. `-ansi' implies
+ `-fno-asm'.
+
+ In C++, this switch only affects the `typeof' keyword, since `asm'
+ and `inline' are standard keywords. You may want to use the
+ `-fno-gnu-keywords' flag instead, which has the same effect. In
+ C99 mode (`-std=c99' or `-std=gnu99'), this switch only affects
+ the `asm' and `typeof' keywords, since `inline' is a standard
+ keyword in ISO C99.
+
+`-fno-builtin'
+`-fno-builtin-FUNCTION'
+ Don't recognize built-in functions that do not begin with
+ `__builtin_' as prefix. *Note Other built-in functions provided
+ by GCC: Other Builtins, for details of the functions affected,
+ including those which are not built-in functions when `-ansi' or
+ `-std' options for strict ISO C conformance are used because they
+ do not have an ISO standard meaning.
+
+ GCC normally generates special code to handle certain built-in
+ functions more efficiently; for instance, calls to `alloca' may
+ become single instructions that adjust the stack directly, and
+ calls to `memcpy' may become inline copy loops. The resulting
+ code is often both smaller and faster, but since the function
+ calls no longer appear as such, you cannot set a breakpoint on
+ those calls, nor can you change the behavior of the functions by
+ linking with a different library. In addition, when a function is
+ recognized as a built-in function, GCC may use information about
+ that function to warn about problems with calls to that function,
+ or to generate more efficient code, even if the resulting code
+ still contains calls to that function. For example, warnings are
+ given with `-Wformat' for bad calls to `printf', when `printf' is
+ built in, and `strlen' is known not to modify global memory.
+
+ With the `-fno-builtin-FUNCTION' option only the built-in function
+ FUNCTION is disabled. FUNCTION must not begin with `__builtin_'.
+ If a function is named that is not built-in in this version of
+ GCC, this option is ignored. There is no corresponding
+ `-fbuiltin-FUNCTION' option; if you wish to enable built-in
+ functions selectively when using `-fno-builtin' or
+ `-ffreestanding', you may define macros such as:
+
+ #define abs(n) __builtin_abs ((n))
+ #define strcpy(d, s) __builtin_strcpy ((d), (s))
+
+`-fhosted'
+ Assert that compilation takes place in a hosted environment. This
+ implies `-fbuiltin'. A hosted environment is one in which the
+ entire standard library is available, and in which `main' has a
+ return type of `int'. Examples are nearly everything except a
+ kernel. This is equivalent to `-fno-freestanding'.
+
+`-ffreestanding'
+ Assert that compilation takes place in a freestanding environment.
+ This implies `-fno-builtin'. A freestanding environment is one in
+ which the standard library may not exist, and program startup may
+ not necessarily be at `main'. The most obvious example is an OS
+ kernel. This is equivalent to `-fno-hosted'.
+
+ *Note Language Standards Supported by GCC: Standards, for details
+ of freestanding and hosted environments.
+
+`-fopenmp'
+ Enable handling of OpenMP directives `#pragma omp' in C/C++ and
+ `!$omp' in Fortran. When `-fopenmp' is specified, the compiler
+ generates parallel code according to the OpenMP Application
+ Program Interface v2.5 `http://www.openmp.org/'. This option
+ implies `-pthread', and thus is only supported on targets that
+ have support for `-pthread'.
+
+`-fms-extensions'
+ Accept some non-standard constructs used in Microsoft header files.
+
+ Some cases of unnamed fields in structures and unions are only
+ accepted with this option. *Note Unnamed struct/union fields
+ within structs/unions: Unnamed Fields, for details.
+
+`-trigraphs'
+ Support ISO C trigraphs. The `-ansi' option (and `-std' options
+ for strict ISO C conformance) implies `-trigraphs'.
+
+`-no-integrated-cpp'
+ Performs a compilation in two passes: preprocessing and compiling.
+ This option allows a user supplied "cc1", "cc1plus", or "cc1obj"
+ via the `-B' option. The user supplied compilation step can then
+ add in an additional preprocessing step after normal preprocessing
+ but before compiling. The default is to use the integrated cpp
+ (internal cpp)
+
+ The semantics of this option will change if "cc1", "cc1plus", and
+ "cc1obj" are merged.
+
+`-traditional'
+`-traditional-cpp'
+ Formerly, these options caused GCC to attempt to emulate a
+ pre-standard C compiler. They are now only supported with the
+ `-E' switch. The preprocessor continues to support a pre-standard
+ mode. See the GNU CPP manual for details.
+
+`-fcond-mismatch'
+ Allow conditional expressions with mismatched types in the second
+ and third arguments. The value of such an expression is void.
+ This option is not supported for C++.
+
+`-flax-vector-conversions'
+ Allow implicit conversions between vectors with differing numbers
+ of elements and/or incompatible element types. This option should
+ not be used for new code.
+
+`-funsigned-char'
+ Let the type `char' be unsigned, like `unsigned char'.
+
+ Each kind of machine has a default for what `char' should be. It
+ is either like `unsigned char' by default or like `signed char' by
+ default.
+
+ Ideally, a portable program should always use `signed char' or
+ `unsigned char' when it depends on the signedness of an object.
+ But many programs have been written to use plain `char' and expect
+ it to be signed, or expect it to be unsigned, depending on the
+ machines they were written for. This option, and its inverse, let
+ you make such a program work with the opposite default.
+
+ The type `char' is always a distinct type from each of `signed
+ char' or `unsigned char', even though its behavior is always just
+ like one of those two.
+
+`-fsigned-char'
+ Let the type `char' be signed, like `signed char'.
+
+ Note that this is equivalent to `-fno-unsigned-char', which is the
+ negative form of `-funsigned-char'. Likewise, the option
+ `-fno-signed-char' is equivalent to `-funsigned-char'.
+
+`-fsigned-bitfields'
+`-funsigned-bitfields'
+`-fno-signed-bitfields'
+`-fno-unsigned-bitfields'
+ These options control whether a bit-field is signed or unsigned,
+ when the declaration does not use either `signed' or `unsigned'.
+ By default, such a bit-field is signed, because this is
+ consistent: the basic integer types such as `int' are signed types.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Dialect Options, Next: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options, Prev: C Dialect Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.5 Options Controlling C++ Dialect
+===================================
+
+This section describes the command-line options that are only meaningful
+for C++ programs; but you can also use most of the GNU compiler options
+regardless of what language your program is in. For example, you might
+compile a file `firstClass.C' like this:
+
+ g++ -g -frepo -O -c firstClass.C
+
+In this example, only `-frepo' is an option meant only for C++
+programs; you can use the other options with any language supported by
+GCC.
+
+ Here is a list of options that are _only_ for compiling C++ programs:
+
+`-fabi-version=N'
+ Use version N of the C++ ABI. Version 2 is the version of the C++
+ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.4. Version 1 is the version of
+ the C++ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.2. Version 0 will always
+ be the version that conforms most closely to the C++ ABI
+ specification. Therefore, the ABI obtained using version 0 will
+ change as ABI bugs are fixed.
+
+ The default is version 2.
+
+`-fno-access-control'
+ Turn off all access checking. This switch is mainly useful for
+ working around bugs in the access control code.
+
+`-fcheck-new'
+ Check that the pointer returned by `operator new' is non-null
+ before attempting to modify the storage allocated. This check is
+ normally unnecessary because the C++ standard specifies that
+ `operator new' will only return `0' if it is declared `throw()',
+ in which case the compiler will always check the return value even
+ without this option. In all other cases, when `operator new' has
+ a non-empty exception specification, memory exhaustion is
+ signalled by throwing `std::bad_alloc'. See also `new (nothrow)'.
+
+`-fconserve-space'
+ Put uninitialized or runtime-initialized global variables into the
+ common segment, as C does. This saves space in the executable at
+ the cost of not diagnosing duplicate definitions. If you compile
+ with this flag and your program mysteriously crashes after
+ `main()' has completed, you may have an object that is being
+ destroyed twice because two definitions were merged.
+
+ This option is no longer useful on most targets, now that support
+ has been added for putting variables into BSS without making them
+ common.
+
+`-fno-deduce-init-list'
+ Disable deduction of a template type parameter as
+ std::initializer_list from a brace-enclosed initializer list, i.e.
+
+ template <class T> auto forward(T t) -> decltype (realfn (t))
+ {
+ return realfn (t);
+ }
+
+ void f()
+ {
+ forward({1,2}); // call forward<std::initializer_list<int>>
+ }
+
+ This option is present because this deduction is an extension to
+ the current specification in the C++0x working draft, and there was
+ some concern about potential overload resolution problems.
+
+`-ffriend-injection'
+ Inject friend functions into the enclosing namespace, so that they
+ are visible outside the scope of the class in which they are
+ declared. Friend functions were documented to work this way in
+ the old Annotated C++ Reference Manual, and versions of G++ before
+ 4.1 always worked that way. However, in ISO C++ a friend function
+ which is not declared in an enclosing scope can only be found
+ using argument dependent lookup. This option causes friends to be
+ injected as they were in earlier releases.
+
+ This option is for compatibility, and may be removed in a future
+ release of G++.
+
+`-fno-elide-constructors'
+ The C++ standard allows an implementation to omit creating a
+ temporary which is only used to initialize another object of the
+ same type. Specifying this option disables that optimization, and
+ forces G++ to call the copy constructor in all cases.
+
+`-fno-enforce-eh-specs'
+ Don't generate code to check for violation of exception
+ specifications at runtime. This option violates the C++ standard,
+ but may be useful for reducing code size in production builds,
+ much like defining `NDEBUG'. This does not give user code
+ permission to throw exceptions in violation of the exception
+ specifications; the compiler will still optimize based on the
+ specifications, so throwing an unexpected exception will result in
+ undefined behavior.
+
+`-ffor-scope'
+`-fno-for-scope'
+ If `-ffor-scope' is specified, the scope of variables declared in
+ a for-init-statement is limited to the `for' loop itself, as
+ specified by the C++ standard. If `-fno-for-scope' is specified,
+ the scope of variables declared in a for-init-statement extends to
+ the end of the enclosing scope, as was the case in old versions of
+ G++, and other (traditional) implementations of C++.
+
+ The default if neither flag is given to follow the standard, but
+ to allow and give a warning for old-style code that would
+ otherwise be invalid, or have different behavior.
+
+`-fno-gnu-keywords'
+ Do not recognize `typeof' as a keyword, so that code can use this
+ word as an identifier. You can use the keyword `__typeof__'
+ instead. `-ansi' implies `-fno-gnu-keywords'.
+
+`-fno-implicit-templates'
+ Never emit code for non-inline templates which are instantiated
+ implicitly (i.e. by use); only emit code for explicit
+ instantiations. *Note Template Instantiation::, for more
+ information.
+
+`-fno-implicit-inline-templates'
+ Don't emit code for implicit instantiations of inline templates,
+ either. The default is to handle inlines differently so that
+ compiles with and without optimization will need the same set of
+ explicit instantiations.
+
+`-fno-implement-inlines'
+ To save space, do not emit out-of-line copies of inline functions
+ controlled by `#pragma implementation'. This will cause linker
+ errors if these functions are not inlined everywhere they are
+ called.
+
+`-fms-extensions'
+ Disable pedantic warnings about constructs used in MFC, such as
+ implicit int and getting a pointer to member function via
+ non-standard syntax.
+
+`-fno-nonansi-builtins'
+ Disable built-in declarations of functions that are not mandated by
+ ANSI/ISO C. These include `ffs', `alloca', `_exit', `index',
+ `bzero', `conjf', and other related functions.
+
+`-fno-operator-names'
+ Do not treat the operator name keywords `and', `bitand', `bitor',
+ `compl', `not', `or' and `xor' as synonyms as keywords.
+
+`-fno-optional-diags'
+ Disable diagnostics that the standard says a compiler does not
+ need to issue. Currently, the only such diagnostic issued by G++
+ is the one for a name having multiple meanings within a class.
+
+`-fpermissive'
+ Downgrade some diagnostics about nonconformant code from errors to
+ warnings. Thus, using `-fpermissive' will allow some
+ nonconforming code to compile.
+
+`-frepo'
+ Enable automatic template instantiation at link time. This option
+ also implies `-fno-implicit-templates'. *Note Template
+ Instantiation::, for more information.
+
+`-fno-rtti'
+ Disable generation of information about every class with virtual
+ functions for use by the C++ runtime type identification features
+ (`dynamic_cast' and `typeid'). If you don't use those parts of
+ the language, you can save some space by using this flag. Note
+ that exception handling uses the same information, but it will
+ generate it as needed. The `dynamic_cast' operator can still be
+ used for casts that do not require runtime type information, i.e.
+ casts to `void *' or to unambiguous base classes.
+
+`-fstats'
+ Emit statistics about front-end processing at the end of the
+ compilation. This information is generally only useful to the G++
+ development team.
+
+`-ftemplate-depth-N'
+ Set the maximum instantiation depth for template classes to N. A
+ limit on the template instantiation depth is needed to detect
+ endless recursions during template class instantiation. ANSI/ISO
+ C++ conforming programs must not rely on a maximum depth greater
+ than 17.
+
+`-fno-threadsafe-statics'
+ Do not emit the extra code to use the routines specified in the C++
+ ABI for thread-safe initialization of local statics. You can use
+ this option to reduce code size slightly in code that doesn't need
+ to be thread-safe.
+
+`-fuse-cxa-atexit'
+ Register destructors for objects with static storage duration with
+ the `__cxa_atexit' function rather than the `atexit' function.
+ This option is required for fully standards-compliant handling of
+ static destructors, but will only work if your C library supports
+ `__cxa_atexit'.
+
+`-fno-use-cxa-get-exception-ptr'
+ Don't use the `__cxa_get_exception_ptr' runtime routine. This
+ will cause `std::uncaught_exception' to be incorrect, but is
+ necessary if the runtime routine is not available.
+
+`-fvisibility-inlines-hidden'
+ This switch declares that the user does not attempt to compare
+ pointers to inline methods where the addresses of the two functions
+ were taken in different shared objects.
+
+ The effect of this is that GCC may, effectively, mark inline
+ methods with `__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden")))' so that
+ they do not appear in the export table of a DSO and do not require
+ a PLT indirection when used within the DSO. Enabling this option
+ can have a dramatic effect on load and link times of a DSO as it
+ massively reduces the size of the dynamic export table when the
+ library makes heavy use of templates.
+
+ The behavior of this switch is not quite the same as marking the
+ methods as hidden directly, because it does not affect static
+ variables local to the function or cause the compiler to deduce
+ that the function is defined in only one shared object.
+
+ You may mark a method as having a visibility explicitly to negate
+ the effect of the switch for that method. For example, if you do
+ want to compare pointers to a particular inline method, you might
+ mark it as having default visibility. Marking the enclosing class
+ with explicit visibility will have no effect.
+
+ Explicitly instantiated inline methods are unaffected by this
+ option as their linkage might otherwise cross a shared library
+ boundary. *Note Template Instantiation::.
+
+`-fvisibility-ms-compat'
+ This flag attempts to use visibility settings to make GCC's C++
+ linkage model compatible with that of Microsoft Visual Studio.
+
+ The flag makes these changes to GCC's linkage model:
+
+ 1. It sets the default visibility to `hidden', like
+ `-fvisibility=hidden'.
+
+ 2. Types, but not their members, are not hidden by default.
+
+ 3. The One Definition Rule is relaxed for types without explicit
+ visibility specifications which are defined in more than one
+ different shared object: those declarations are permitted if
+ they would have been permitted when this option was not used.
+
+ In new code it is better to use `-fvisibility=hidden' and export
+ those classes which are intended to be externally visible.
+ Unfortunately it is possible for code to rely, perhaps
+ accidentally, on the Visual Studio behavior.
+
+ Among the consequences of these changes are that static data
+ members of the same type with the same name but defined in
+ different shared objects will be different, so changing one will
+ not change the other; and that pointers to function members
+ defined in different shared objects may not compare equal. When
+ this flag is given, it is a violation of the ODR to define types
+ with the same name differently.
+
+`-fno-weak'
+ Do not use weak symbol support, even if it is provided by the
+ linker. By default, G++ will use weak symbols if they are
+ available. This option exists only for testing, and should not be
+ used by end-users; it will result in inferior code and has no
+ benefits. This option may be removed in a future release of G++.
+
+`-nostdinc++'
+ Do not search for header files in the standard directories
+ specific to C++, but do still search the other standard
+ directories. (This option is used when building the C++ library.)
+
+ In addition, these optimization, warning, and code generation options
+have meanings only for C++ programs:
+
+`-fno-default-inline'
+ Do not assume `inline' for functions defined inside a class scope.
+ *Note Options That Control Optimization: Optimize Options. Note
+ that these functions will have linkage like inline functions; they
+ just won't be inlined by default.
+
+`-Wabi (C, Objective-C, C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when G++ generates code that is probably not compatible with
+ the vendor-neutral C++ ABI. Although an effort has been made to
+ warn about all such cases, there are probably some cases that are
+ not warned about, even though G++ is generating incompatible code.
+ There may also be cases where warnings are emitted even though the
+ code that is generated will be compatible.
+
+ You should rewrite your code to avoid these warnings if you are
+ concerned about the fact that code generated by G++ may not be
+ binary compatible with code generated by other compilers.
+
+ The known incompatibilities at this point include:
+
+ * Incorrect handling of tail-padding for bit-fields. G++ may
+ attempt to pack data into the same byte as a base class. For
+ example:
+
+ struct A { virtual void f(); int f1 : 1; };
+ struct B : public A { int f2 : 1; };
+
+ In this case, G++ will place `B::f2' into the same byte
+ as`A::f1'; other compilers will not. You can avoid this
+ problem by explicitly padding `A' so that its size is a
+ multiple of the byte size on your platform; that will cause
+ G++ and other compilers to layout `B' identically.
+
+ * Incorrect handling of tail-padding for virtual bases. G++
+ does not use tail padding when laying out virtual bases. For
+ example:
+
+ struct A { virtual void f(); char c1; };
+ struct B { B(); char c2; };
+ struct C : public A, public virtual B {};
+
+ In this case, G++ will not place `B' into the tail-padding for
+ `A'; other compilers will. You can avoid this problem by
+ explicitly padding `A' so that its size is a multiple of its
+ alignment (ignoring virtual base classes); that will cause
+ G++ and other compilers to layout `C' identically.
+
+ * Incorrect handling of bit-fields with declared widths greater
+ than that of their underlying types, when the bit-fields
+ appear in a union. For example:
+
+ union U { int i : 4096; };
+
+ Assuming that an `int' does not have 4096 bits, G++ will make
+ the union too small by the number of bits in an `int'.
+
+ * Empty classes can be placed at incorrect offsets. For
+ example:
+
+ struct A {};
+
+ struct B {
+ A a;
+ virtual void f ();
+ };
+
+ struct C : public B, public A {};
+
+ G++ will place the `A' base class of `C' at a nonzero offset;
+ it should be placed at offset zero. G++ mistakenly believes
+ that the `A' data member of `B' is already at offset zero.
+
+ * Names of template functions whose types involve `typename' or
+ template template parameters can be mangled incorrectly.
+
+ template <typename Q>
+ void f(typename Q::X) {}
+
+ template <template <typename> class Q>
+ void f(typename Q<int>::X) {}
+
+ Instantiations of these templates may be mangled incorrectly.
+
+
+ It also warns psABI related changes. The known psABI changes at
+ this point include:
+
+ * For SYSV/x86-64, when passing union with long double, it is
+ changed to pass in memory as specified in psABI. For example:
+
+ union U {
+ long double ld;
+ int i;
+ };
+
+ `union U' will always be passed in memory.
+
+
+`-Wctor-dtor-privacy (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when a class seems unusable because all the constructors or
+ destructors in that class are private, and it has neither friends
+ nor public static member functions.
+
+`-Wnon-virtual-dtor (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when a class has virtual functions and accessible non-virtual
+ destructor, in which case it would be possible but unsafe to delete
+ an instance of a derived class through a pointer to the base class.
+ This warning is also enabled if -Weffc++ is specified.
+
+`-Wreorder (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when the order of member initializers given in the code does
+ not match the order in which they must be executed. For instance:
+
+ struct A {
+ int i;
+ int j;
+ A(): j (0), i (1) { }
+ };
+
+ The compiler will rearrange the member initializers for `i' and
+ `j' to match the declaration order of the members, emitting a
+ warning to that effect. This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+ The following `-W...' options are not affected by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Weffc++ (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn about violations of the following style guidelines from Scott
+ Meyers' `Effective C++' book:
+
+ * Item 11: Define a copy constructor and an assignment
+ operator for classes with dynamically allocated memory.
+
+ * Item 12: Prefer initialization to assignment in constructors.
+
+ * Item 14: Make destructors virtual in base classes.
+
+ * Item 15: Have `operator=' return a reference to `*this'.
+
+ * Item 23: Don't try to return a reference when you must
+ return an object.
+
+
+ Also warn about violations of the following style guidelines from
+ Scott Meyers' `More Effective C++' book:
+
+ * Item 6: Distinguish between prefix and postfix forms of
+ increment and decrement operators.
+
+ * Item 7: Never overload `&&', `||', or `,'.
+
+
+ When selecting this option, be aware that the standard library
+ headers do not obey all of these guidelines; use `grep -v' to
+ filter out those warnings.
+
+`-Wstrict-null-sentinel (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn also about the use of an uncasted `NULL' as sentinel. When
+ compiling only with GCC this is a valid sentinel, as `NULL' is
+ defined to `__null'. Although it is a null pointer constant not a
+ null pointer, it is guaranteed to be of the same size as a
+ pointer. But this use is not portable across different compilers.
+
+`-Wno-non-template-friend (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Disable warnings when non-templatized friend functions are declared
+ within a template. Since the advent of explicit template
+ specification support in G++, if the name of the friend is an
+ unqualified-id (i.e., `friend foo(int)'), the C++ language
+ specification demands that the friend declare or define an
+ ordinary, nontemplate function. (Section 14.5.3). Before G++
+ implemented explicit specification, unqualified-ids could be
+ interpreted as a particular specialization of a templatized
+ function. Because this non-conforming behavior is no longer the
+ default behavior for G++, `-Wnon-template-friend' allows the
+ compiler to check existing code for potential trouble spots and is
+ on by default. This new compiler behavior can be turned off with
+ `-Wno-non-template-friend' which keeps the conformant compiler code
+ but disables the helpful warning.
+
+`-Wold-style-cast (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn if an old-style (C-style) cast to a non-void type is used
+ within a C++ program. The new-style casts (`dynamic_cast',
+ `static_cast', `reinterpret_cast', and `const_cast') are less
+ vulnerable to unintended effects and much easier to search for.
+
+`-Woverloaded-virtual (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when a function declaration hides virtual functions from a
+ base class. For example, in:
+
+ struct A {
+ virtual void f();
+ };
+
+ struct B: public A {
+ void f(int);
+ };
+
+ the `A' class version of `f' is hidden in `B', and code like:
+
+ B* b;
+ b->f();
+
+ will fail to compile.
+
+`-Wno-pmf-conversions (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Disable the diagnostic for converting a bound pointer to member
+ function to a plain pointer.
+
+`-Wsign-promo (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn when overload resolution chooses a promotion from unsigned or
+ enumerated type to a signed type, over a conversion to an unsigned
+ type of the same size. Previous versions of G++ would try to
+ preserve unsignedness, but the standard mandates the current
+ behavior.
+
+ struct A {
+ operator int ();
+ A& operator = (int);
+ };
+
+ main ()
+ {
+ A a,b;
+ a = b;
+ }
+
+ In this example, G++ will synthesize a default `A& operator =
+ (const A&);', while cfront will use the user-defined `operator ='.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options, Next: Language Independent Options, Prev: C++ Dialect Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.6 Options Controlling Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialects
+==============================================================
+
+(NOTE: This manual does not describe the Objective-C and Objective-C++
+languages themselves. See *Note Language Standards Supported by GCC:
+Standards, for references.)
+
+ This section describes the command-line options that are only
+meaningful for Objective-C and Objective-C++ programs, but you can also
+use most of the language-independent GNU compiler options. For
+example, you might compile a file `some_class.m' like this:
+
+ gcc -g -fgnu-runtime -O -c some_class.m
+
+In this example, `-fgnu-runtime' is an option meant only for
+Objective-C and Objective-C++ programs; you can use the other options
+with any language supported by GCC.
+
+ Note that since Objective-C is an extension of the C language,
+Objective-C compilations may also use options specific to the C
+front-end (e.g., `-Wtraditional'). Similarly, Objective-C++
+compilations may use C++-specific options (e.g., `-Wabi').
+
+ Here is a list of options that are _only_ for compiling Objective-C
+and Objective-C++ programs:
+
+`-fconstant-string-class=CLASS-NAME'
+ Use CLASS-NAME as the name of the class to instantiate for each
+ literal string specified with the syntax `@"..."'. The default
+ class name is `NXConstantString' if the GNU runtime is being used,
+ and `NSConstantString' if the NeXT runtime is being used (see
+ below). The `-fconstant-cfstrings' option, if also present, will
+ override the `-fconstant-string-class' setting and cause `@"..."'
+ literals to be laid out as constant CoreFoundation strings.
+
+`-fgnu-runtime'
+ Generate object code compatible with the standard GNU Objective-C
+ runtime. This is the default for most types of systems.
+
+`-fnext-runtime'
+ Generate output compatible with the NeXT runtime. This is the
+ default for NeXT-based systems, including Darwin and Mac OS X.
+ The macro `__NEXT_RUNTIME__' is predefined if (and only if) this
+ option is used.
+
+`-fno-nil-receivers'
+ Assume that all Objective-C message dispatches (e.g., `[receiver
+ message:arg]') in this translation unit ensure that the receiver
+ is not `nil'. This allows for more efficient entry points in the
+ runtime to be used. Currently, this option is only available in
+ conjunction with the NeXT runtime on Mac OS X 10.3 and later.
+
+`-fobjc-call-cxx-cdtors'
+ For each Objective-C class, check if any of its instance variables
+ is a C++ object with a non-trivial default constructor. If so,
+ synthesize a special `- (id) .cxx_construct' instance method that
+ will run non-trivial default constructors on any such instance
+ variables, in order, and then return `self'. Similarly, check if
+ any instance variable is a C++ object with a non-trivial
+ destructor, and if so, synthesize a special `- (void)
+ .cxx_destruct' method that will run all such default destructors,
+ in reverse order.
+
+ The `- (id) .cxx_construct' and/or `- (void) .cxx_destruct' methods
+ thusly generated will only operate on instance variables declared
+ in the current Objective-C class, and not those inherited from
+ superclasses. It is the responsibility of the Objective-C runtime
+ to invoke all such methods in an object's inheritance hierarchy.
+ The `- (id) .cxx_construct' methods will be invoked by the runtime
+ immediately after a new object instance is allocated; the `-
+ (void) .cxx_destruct' methods will be invoked immediately before
+ the runtime deallocates an object instance.
+
+ As of this writing, only the NeXT runtime on Mac OS X 10.4 and
+ later has support for invoking the `- (id) .cxx_construct' and `-
+ (void) .cxx_destruct' methods.
+
+`-fobjc-direct-dispatch'
+ Allow fast jumps to the message dispatcher. On Darwin this is
+ accomplished via the comm page.
+
+`-fobjc-exceptions'
+ Enable syntactic support for structured exception handling in
+ Objective-C, similar to what is offered by C++ and Java. This
+ option is unavailable in conjunction with the NeXT runtime on Mac
+ OS X 10.2 and earlier.
+
+ @try {
+ ...
+ @throw expr;
+ ...
+ }
+ @catch (AnObjCClass *exc) {
+ ...
+ @throw expr;
+ ...
+ @throw;
+ ...
+ }
+ @catch (AnotherClass *exc) {
+ ...
+ }
+ @catch (id allOthers) {
+ ...
+ }
+ @finally {
+ ...
+ @throw expr;
+ ...
+ }
+
+ The `@throw' statement may appear anywhere in an Objective-C or
+ Objective-C++ program; when used inside of a `@catch' block, the
+ `@throw' may appear without an argument (as shown above), in which
+ case the object caught by the `@catch' will be rethrown.
+
+ Note that only (pointers to) Objective-C objects may be thrown and
+ caught using this scheme. When an object is thrown, it will be
+ caught by the nearest `@catch' clause capable of handling objects
+ of that type, analogously to how `catch' blocks work in C++ and
+ Java. A `@catch(id ...)' clause (as shown above) may also be
+ provided to catch any and all Objective-C exceptions not caught by
+ previous `@catch' clauses (if any).
+
+ The `@finally' clause, if present, will be executed upon exit from
+ the immediately preceding `@try ... @catch' section. This will
+ happen regardless of whether any exceptions are thrown, caught or
+ rethrown inside the `@try ... @catch' section, analogously to the
+ behavior of the `finally' clause in Java.
+
+ There are several caveats to using the new exception mechanism:
+
+ * Although currently designed to be binary compatible with
+ `NS_HANDLER'-style idioms provided by the `NSException'
+ class, the new exceptions can only be used on Mac OS X 10.3
+ (Panther) and later systems, due to additional functionality
+ needed in the (NeXT) Objective-C runtime.
+
+ * As mentioned above, the new exceptions do not support handling
+ types other than Objective-C objects. Furthermore, when
+ used from Objective-C++, the Objective-C exception model does
+ not interoperate with C++ exceptions at this time. This
+ means you cannot `@throw' an exception from Objective-C and
+ `catch' it in C++, or vice versa (i.e., `throw ... @catch').
+
+ The `-fobjc-exceptions' switch also enables the use of
+ synchronization blocks for thread-safe execution:
+
+ @synchronized (ObjCClass *guard) {
+ ...
+ }
+
+ Upon entering the `@synchronized' block, a thread of execution
+ shall first check whether a lock has been placed on the
+ corresponding `guard' object by another thread. If it has, the
+ current thread shall wait until the other thread relinquishes its
+ lock. Once `guard' becomes available, the current thread will
+ place its own lock on it, execute the code contained in the
+ `@synchronized' block, and finally relinquish the lock (thereby
+ making `guard' available to other threads).
+
+ Unlike Java, Objective-C does not allow for entire methods to be
+ marked `@synchronized'. Note that throwing exceptions out of
+ `@synchronized' blocks is allowed, and will cause the guarding
+ object to be unlocked properly.
+
+`-fobjc-gc'
+ Enable garbage collection (GC) in Objective-C and Objective-C++
+ programs.
+
+`-freplace-objc-classes'
+ Emit a special marker instructing `ld(1)' not to statically link in
+ the resulting object file, and allow `dyld(1)' to load it in at
+ run time instead. This is used in conjunction with the
+ Fix-and-Continue debugging mode, where the object file in question
+ may be recompiled and dynamically reloaded in the course of
+ program execution, without the need to restart the program itself.
+ Currently, Fix-and-Continue functionality is only available in
+ conjunction with the NeXT runtime on Mac OS X 10.3 and later.
+
+`-fzero-link'
+ When compiling for the NeXT runtime, the compiler ordinarily
+ replaces calls to `objc_getClass("...")' (when the name of the
+ class is known at compile time) with static class references that
+ get initialized at load time, which improves run-time performance.
+ Specifying the `-fzero-link' flag suppresses this behavior and
+ causes calls to `objc_getClass("...")' to be retained. This is
+ useful in Zero-Link debugging mode, since it allows for individual
+ class implementations to be modified during program execution.
+
+`-gen-decls'
+ Dump interface declarations for all classes seen in the source
+ file to a file named `SOURCENAME.decl'.
+
+`-Wassign-intercept (Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn whenever an Objective-C assignment is being intercepted by the
+ garbage collector.
+
+`-Wno-protocol (Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ If a class is declared to implement a protocol, a warning is
+ issued for every method in the protocol that is not implemented by
+ the class. The default behavior is to issue a warning for every
+ method not explicitly implemented in the class, even if a method
+ implementation is inherited from the superclass. If you use the
+ `-Wno-protocol' option, then methods inherited from the superclass
+ are considered to be implemented, and no warning is issued for
+ them.
+
+`-Wselector (Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn if multiple methods of different types for the same selector
+ are found during compilation. The check is performed on the list
+ of methods in the final stage of compilation. Additionally, a
+ check is performed for each selector appearing in a
+ `@selector(...)' expression, and a corresponding method for that
+ selector has been found during compilation. Because these checks
+ scan the method table only at the end of compilation, these
+ warnings are not produced if the final stage of compilation is not
+ reached, for example because an error is found during compilation,
+ or because the `-fsyntax-only' option is being used.
+
+`-Wstrict-selector-match (Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn if multiple methods with differing argument and/or return
+ types are found for a given selector when attempting to send a
+ message using this selector to a receiver of type `id' or `Class'.
+ When this flag is off (which is the default behavior), the
+ compiler will omit such warnings if any differences found are
+ confined to types which share the same size and alignment.
+
+`-Wundeclared-selector (Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn if a `@selector(...)' expression referring to an undeclared
+ selector is found. A selector is considered undeclared if no
+ method with that name has been declared before the
+ `@selector(...)' expression, either explicitly in an `@interface'
+ or `@protocol' declaration, or implicitly in an `@implementation'
+ section. This option always performs its checks as soon as a
+ `@selector(...)' expression is found, while `-Wselector' only
+ performs its checks in the final stage of compilation. This also
+ enforces the coding style convention that methods and selectors
+ must be declared before being used.
+
+`-print-objc-runtime-info'
+ Generate C header describing the largest structure that is passed
+ by value, if any.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Language Independent Options, Next: Warning Options, Prev: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.7 Options to Control Diagnostic Messages Formatting
+=====================================================
+
+Traditionally, diagnostic messages have been formatted irrespective of
+the output device's aspect (e.g. its width, ...). The options described
+below can be used to control the diagnostic messages formatting
+algorithm, e.g. how many characters per line, how often source location
+information should be reported. Right now, only the C++ front end can
+honor these options. However it is expected, in the near future, that
+the remaining front ends would be able to digest them correctly.
+
+`-fmessage-length=N'
+ Try to format error messages so that they fit on lines of about N
+ characters. The default is 72 characters for `g++' and 0 for the
+ rest of the front ends supported by GCC. If N is zero, then no
+ line-wrapping will be done; each error message will appear on a
+ single line.
+
+`-fdiagnostics-show-location=once'
+ Only meaningful in line-wrapping mode. Instructs the diagnostic
+ messages reporter to emit _once_ source location information; that
+ is, in case the message is too long to fit on a single physical
+ line and has to be wrapped, the source location won't be emitted
+ (as prefix) again, over and over, in subsequent continuation
+ lines. This is the default behavior.
+
+`-fdiagnostics-show-location=every-line'
+ Only meaningful in line-wrapping mode. Instructs the diagnostic
+ messages reporter to emit the same source location information (as
+ prefix) for physical lines that result from the process of breaking
+ a message which is too long to fit on a single line.
+
+`-fdiagnostics-show-option'
+ This option instructs the diagnostic machinery to add text to each
+ diagnostic emitted, which indicates which command line option
+ directly controls that diagnostic, when such an option is known to
+ the diagnostic machinery.
+
+`-Wcoverage-mismatch'
+ Warn if feedback profiles do not match when using the
+ `-fprofile-use' option. If a source file was changed between
+ `-fprofile-gen' and `-fprofile-use', the files with the profile
+ feedback can fail to match the source file and GCC can not use the
+ profile feedback information. By default, GCC emits an error
+ message in this case. The option `-Wcoverage-mismatch' emits a
+ warning instead of an error. GCC does not use appropriate
+ feedback profiles, so using this option can result in poorly
+ optimized code. This option is useful only in the case of very
+ minor changes such as bug fixes to an existing code-base.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Warning Options, Next: Debugging Options, Prev: Language Independent Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.8 Options to Request or Suppress Warnings
+===========================================
+
+Warnings are diagnostic messages that report constructions which are
+not inherently erroneous but which are risky or suggest there may have
+been an error.
+
+ The following language-independent options do not enable specific
+warnings but control the kinds of diagnostics produced by GCC.
+
+`-fsyntax-only'
+ Check the code for syntax errors, but don't do anything beyond
+ that.
+
+`-w'
+ Inhibit all warning messages.
+
+`-Werror'
+ Make all warnings into errors.
+
+`-Werror='
+ Make the specified warning into an error. The specifier for a
+ warning is appended, for example `-Werror=switch' turns the
+ warnings controlled by `-Wswitch' into errors. This switch takes a
+ negative form, to be used to negate `-Werror' for specific
+ warnings, for example `-Wno-error=switch' makes `-Wswitch'
+ warnings not be errors, even when `-Werror' is in effect. You can
+ use the `-fdiagnostics-show-option' option to have each
+ controllable warning amended with the option which controls it, to
+ determine what to use with this option.
+
+ Note that specifying `-Werror='FOO automatically implies `-W'FOO.
+ However, `-Wno-error='FOO does not imply anything.
+
+`-Wfatal-errors'
+ This option causes the compiler to abort compilation on the first
+ error occurred rather than trying to keep going and printing
+ further error messages.
+
+
+ You can request many specific warnings with options beginning `-W',
+for example `-Wimplicit' to request warnings on implicit declarations.
+Each of these specific warning options also has a negative form
+beginning `-Wno-' to turn off warnings; for example, `-Wno-implicit'.
+This manual lists only one of the two forms, whichever is not the
+default. For further, language-specific options also refer to *note
+C++ Dialect Options:: and *note Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect
+Options::.
+
+`-pedantic'
+ Issue all the warnings demanded by strict ISO C and ISO C++;
+ reject all programs that use forbidden extensions, and some other
+ programs that do not follow ISO C and ISO C++. For ISO C, follows
+ the version of the ISO C standard specified by any `-std' option
+ used.
+
+ Valid ISO C and ISO C++ programs should compile properly with or
+ without this option (though a rare few will require `-ansi' or a
+ `-std' option specifying the required version of ISO C). However,
+ without this option, certain GNU extensions and traditional C and
+ C++ features are supported as well. With this option, they are
+ rejected.
+
+ `-pedantic' does not cause warning messages for use of the
+ alternate keywords whose names begin and end with `__'. Pedantic
+ warnings are also disabled in the expression that follows
+ `__extension__'. However, only system header files should use
+ these escape routes; application programs should avoid them.
+ *Note Alternate Keywords::.
+
+ Some users try to use `-pedantic' to check programs for strict ISO
+ C conformance. They soon find that it does not do quite what they
+ want: it finds some non-ISO practices, but not all--only those for
+ which ISO C _requires_ a diagnostic, and some others for which
+ diagnostics have been added.
+
+ A feature to report any failure to conform to ISO C might be
+ useful in some instances, but would require considerable
+ additional work and would be quite different from `-pedantic'. We
+ don't have plans to support such a feature in the near future.
+
+ Where the standard specified with `-std' represents a GNU extended
+ dialect of C, such as `gnu89' or `gnu99', there is a corresponding
+ "base standard", the version of ISO C on which the GNU extended
+ dialect is based. Warnings from `-pedantic' are given where they
+ are required by the base standard. (It would not make sense for
+ such warnings to be given only for features not in the specified
+ GNU C dialect, since by definition the GNU dialects of C include
+ all features the compiler supports with the given option, and
+ there would be nothing to warn about.)
+
+`-pedantic-errors'
+ Like `-pedantic', except that errors are produced rather than
+ warnings.
+
+`-Wall'
+ This enables all the warnings about constructions that some users
+ consider questionable, and that are easy to avoid (or modify to
+ prevent the warning), even in conjunction with macros. This also
+ enables some language-specific warnings described in *note C++
+ Dialect Options:: and *note Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect
+ Options::.
+
+ `-Wall' turns on the following warning flags:
+
+ -Waddress
+ -Warray-bounds (only with `-O2')
+ -Wc++0x-compat
+ -Wchar-subscripts
+ -Wimplicit-int
+ -Wimplicit-function-declaration
+ -Wcomment
+ -Wformat
+ -Wmain (only for C/ObjC and unless `-ffreestanding')
+ -Wmissing-braces
+ -Wnonnull
+ -Wparentheses
+ -Wpointer-sign
+ -Wreorder
+ -Wreturn-type
+ -Wsequence-point
+ -Wsign-compare (only in C++)
+ -Wstrict-aliasing
+ -Wstrict-overflow=1
+ -Wswitch
+ -Wtrigraphs
+ -Wuninitialized
+ -Wunknown-pragmas
+ -Wunused-function
+ -Wunused-label
+ -Wunused-value
+ -Wunused-variable
+ -Wvolatile-register-var
+
+ Note that some warning flags are not implied by `-Wall'. Some of
+ them warn about constructions that users generally do not consider
+ questionable, but which occasionally you might wish to check for;
+ others warn about constructions that are necessary or hard to
+ avoid in some cases, and there is no simple way to modify the code
+ to suppress the warning. Some of them are enabled by `-Wextra' but
+ many of them must be enabled individually.
+
+`-Wextra'
+ This enables some extra warning flags that are not enabled by
+ `-Wall'. (This option used to be called `-W'. The older name is
+ still supported, but the newer name is more descriptive.)
+
+ -Wclobbered
+ -Wempty-body
+ -Wignored-qualifiers
+ -Wmissing-field-initializers
+ -Wmissing-parameter-type (C only)
+ -Wold-style-declaration (C only)
+ -Woverride-init
+ -Wsign-compare
+ -Wtype-limits
+ -Wuninitialized
+ -Wunused-parameter (only with `-Wunused' or `-Wall')
+
+ The option `-Wextra' also prints warning messages for the
+ following cases:
+
+ * A pointer is compared against integer zero with `<', `<=',
+ `>', or `>='.
+
+ * (C++ only) An enumerator and a non-enumerator both appear in a
+ conditional expression.
+
+ * (C++ only) Ambiguous virtual bases.
+
+ * (C++ only) Subscripting an array which has been declared
+ `register'.
+
+ * (C++ only) Taking the address of a variable which has been
+ declared `register'.
+
+ * (C++ only) A base class is not initialized in a derived
+ class' copy constructor.
+
+
+`-Wchar-subscripts'
+ Warn if an array subscript has type `char'. This is a common cause
+ of error, as programmers often forget that this type is signed on
+ some machines. This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wcomment'
+ Warn whenever a comment-start sequence `/*' appears in a `/*'
+ comment, or whenever a Backslash-Newline appears in a `//' comment.
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wformat'
+ Check calls to `printf' and `scanf', etc., to make sure that the
+ arguments supplied have types appropriate to the format string
+ specified, and that the conversions specified in the format string
+ make sense. This includes standard functions, and others
+ specified by format attributes (*note Function Attributes::), in
+ the `printf', `scanf', `strftime' and `strfmon' (an X/Open
+ extension, not in the C standard) families (or other
+ target-specific families). Which functions are checked without
+ format attributes having been specified depends on the standard
+ version selected, and such checks of functions without the
+ attribute specified are disabled by `-ffreestanding' or
+ `-fno-builtin'.
+
+ The formats are checked against the format features supported by
+ GNU libc version 2.2. These include all ISO C90 and C99 features,
+ as well as features from the Single Unix Specification and some
+ BSD and GNU extensions. Other library implementations may not
+ support all these features; GCC does not support warning about
+ features that go beyond a particular library's limitations.
+ However, if `-pedantic' is used with `-Wformat', warnings will be
+ given about format features not in the selected standard version
+ (but not for `strfmon' formats, since those are not in any version
+ of the C standard). *Note Options Controlling C Dialect: C
+ Dialect Options.
+
+ Since `-Wformat' also checks for null format arguments for several
+ functions, `-Wformat' also implies `-Wnonnull'.
+
+ `-Wformat' is included in `-Wall'. For more control over some
+ aspects of format checking, the options `-Wformat-y2k',
+ `-Wno-format-extra-args', `-Wno-format-zero-length',
+ `-Wformat-nonliteral', `-Wformat-security', and `-Wformat=2' are
+ available, but are not included in `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wformat-y2k'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, also warn about `strftime' formats
+ which may yield only a two-digit year.
+
+`-Wno-format-contains-nul'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, do not warn about format strings that
+ contain NUL bytes.
+
+`-Wno-format-extra-args'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, do not warn about excess arguments to a
+ `printf' or `scanf' format function. The C standard specifies
+ that such arguments are ignored.
+
+ Where the unused arguments lie between used arguments that are
+ specified with `$' operand number specifications, normally
+ warnings are still given, since the implementation could not know
+ what type to pass to `va_arg' to skip the unused arguments.
+ However, in the case of `scanf' formats, this option will suppress
+ the warning if the unused arguments are all pointers, since the
+ Single Unix Specification says that such unused arguments are
+ allowed.
+
+`-Wno-format-zero-length (C and Objective-C only)'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, do not warn about zero-length formats.
+ The C standard specifies that zero-length formats are allowed.
+
+`-Wformat-nonliteral'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, also warn if the format string is not a
+ string literal and so cannot be checked, unless the format function
+ takes its format arguments as a `va_list'.
+
+`-Wformat-security'
+ If `-Wformat' is specified, also warn about uses of format
+ functions that represent possible security problems. At present,
+ this warns about calls to `printf' and `scanf' functions where the
+ format string is not a string literal and there are no format
+ arguments, as in `printf (foo);'. This may be a security hole if
+ the format string came from untrusted input and contains `%n'.
+ (This is currently a subset of what `-Wformat-nonliteral' warns
+ about, but in future warnings may be added to `-Wformat-security'
+ that are not included in `-Wformat-nonliteral'.)
+
+`-Wformat=2'
+ Enable `-Wformat' plus format checks not included in `-Wformat'.
+ Currently equivalent to `-Wformat -Wformat-nonliteral
+ -Wformat-security -Wformat-y2k'.
+
+`-Wnonnull (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn about passing a null pointer for arguments marked as
+ requiring a non-null value by the `nonnull' function attribute.
+
+ `-Wnonnull' is included in `-Wall' and `-Wformat'. It can be
+ disabled with the `-Wno-nonnull' option.
+
+`-Winit-self (C, C++, Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn about uninitialized variables which are initialized with
+ themselves. Note this option can only be used with the
+ `-Wuninitialized' option.
+
+ For example, GCC will warn about `i' being uninitialized in the
+ following snippet only when `-Winit-self' has been specified:
+ int f()
+ {
+ int i = i;
+ return i;
+ }
+
+`-Wimplicit-int (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn when a declaration does not specify a type. This warning is
+ enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wimplicit-function-declaration (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Give a warning whenever a function is used before being declared.
+ In C99 mode (`-std=c99' or `-std=gnu99'), this warning is enabled
+ by default and it is made into an error by `-pedantic-errors'.
+ This warning is also enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wimplicit'
+ Same as `-Wimplicit-int' and `-Wimplicit-function-declaration'.
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wignored-qualifiers (C and C++ only)'
+ Warn if the return type of a function has a type qualifier such as
+ `const'. For ISO C such a type qualifier has no effect, since the
+ value returned by a function is not an lvalue. For C++, the
+ warning is only emitted for scalar types or `void'. ISO C
+ prohibits qualified `void' return types on function definitions,
+ so such return types always receive a warning even without this
+ option.
+
+ This warning is also enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wmain'
+ Warn if the type of `main' is suspicious. `main' should be a
+ function with external linkage, returning int, taking either zero
+ arguments, two, or three arguments of appropriate types. This
+ warning is enabled by default in C++ and is enabled by either
+ `-Wall' or `-pedantic'.
+
+`-Wmissing-braces'
+ Warn if an aggregate or union initializer is not fully bracketed.
+ In the following example, the initializer for `a' is not fully
+ bracketed, but that for `b' is fully bracketed.
+
+ int a[2][2] = { 0, 1, 2, 3 };
+ int b[2][2] = { { 0, 1 }, { 2, 3 } };
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wmissing-include-dirs (C, C++, Objective-C and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn if a user-supplied include directory does not exist.
+
+`-Wparentheses'
+ Warn if parentheses are omitted in certain contexts, such as when
+ there is an assignment in a context where a truth value is
+ expected, or when operators are nested whose precedence people
+ often get confused about.
+
+ Also warn if a comparison like `x<=y<=z' appears; this is
+ equivalent to `(x<=y ? 1 : 0) <= z', which is a different
+ interpretation from that of ordinary mathematical notation.
+
+ Also warn about constructions where there may be confusion to which
+ `if' statement an `else' branch belongs. Here is an example of
+ such a case:
+
+ {
+ if (a)
+ if (b)
+ foo ();
+ else
+ bar ();
+ }
+
+ In C/C++, every `else' branch belongs to the innermost possible
+ `if' statement, which in this example is `if (b)'. This is often
+ not what the programmer expected, as illustrated in the above
+ example by indentation the programmer chose. When there is the
+ potential for this confusion, GCC will issue a warning when this
+ flag is specified. To eliminate the warning, add explicit braces
+ around the innermost `if' statement so there is no way the `else'
+ could belong to the enclosing `if'. The resulting code would look
+ like this:
+
+ {
+ if (a)
+ {
+ if (b)
+ foo ();
+ else
+ bar ();
+ }
+ }
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wsequence-point'
+ Warn about code that may have undefined semantics because of
+ violations of sequence point rules in the C and C++ standards.
+
+ The C and C++ standards defines the order in which expressions in
+ a C/C++ program are evaluated in terms of "sequence points", which
+ represent a partial ordering between the execution of parts of the
+ program: those executed before the sequence point, and those
+ executed after it. These occur after the evaluation of a full
+ expression (one which is not part of a larger expression), after
+ the evaluation of the first operand of a `&&', `||', `? :' or `,'
+ (comma) operator, before a function is called (but after the
+ evaluation of its arguments and the expression denoting the called
+ function), and in certain other places. Other than as expressed
+ by the sequence point rules, the order of evaluation of
+ subexpressions of an expression is not specified. All these rules
+ describe only a partial order rather than a total order, since,
+ for example, if two functions are called within one expression
+ with no sequence point between them, the order in which the
+ functions are called is not specified. However, the standards
+ committee have ruled that function calls do not overlap.
+
+ It is not specified when between sequence points modifications to
+ the values of objects take effect. Programs whose behavior
+ depends on this have undefined behavior; the C and C++ standards
+ specify that "Between the previous and next sequence point an
+ object shall have its stored value modified at most once by the
+ evaluation of an expression. Furthermore, the prior value shall
+ be read only to determine the value to be stored.". If a program
+ breaks these rules, the results on any particular implementation
+ are entirely unpredictable.
+
+ Examples of code with undefined behavior are `a = a++;', `a[n] =
+ b[n++]' and `a[i++] = i;'. Some more complicated cases are not
+ diagnosed by this option, and it may give an occasional false
+ positive result, but in general it has been found fairly effective
+ at detecting this sort of problem in programs.
+
+ The standard is worded confusingly, therefore there is some debate
+ over the precise meaning of the sequence point rules in subtle
+ cases. Links to discussions of the problem, including proposed
+ formal definitions, may be found on the GCC readings page, at
+ `http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html'.
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall' for C and C++.
+
+`-Wreturn-type'
+ Warn whenever a function is defined with a return-type that
+ defaults to `int'. Also warn about any `return' statement with no
+ return-value in a function whose return-type is not `void'
+ (falling off the end of the function body is considered returning
+ without a value), and about a `return' statement with a expression
+ in a function whose return-type is `void'.
+
+ For C++, a function without return type always produces a
+ diagnostic message, even when `-Wno-return-type' is specified.
+ The only exceptions are `main' and functions defined in system
+ headers.
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wswitch'
+ Warn whenever a `switch' statement has an index of enumerated type
+ and lacks a `case' for one or more of the named codes of that
+ enumeration. (The presence of a `default' label prevents this
+ warning.) `case' labels outside the enumeration range also
+ provoke warnings when this option is used. This warning is
+ enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wswitch-default'
+ Warn whenever a `switch' statement does not have a `default' case.
+
+`-Wswitch-enum'
+ Warn whenever a `switch' statement has an index of enumerated type
+ and lacks a `case' for one or more of the named codes of that
+ enumeration. `case' labels outside the enumeration range also
+ provoke warnings when this option is used.
+
+`-Wsync-nand (C and C++ only)'
+ Warn when `__sync_fetch_and_nand' and `__sync_nand_and_fetch'
+ built-in functions are used. These functions changed semantics in
+ GCC 4.4.
+
+`-Wtrigraphs'
+ Warn if any trigraphs are encountered that might change the
+ meaning of the program (trigraphs within comments are not warned
+ about). This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wunused-function'
+ Warn whenever a static function is declared but not defined or a
+ non-inline static function is unused. This warning is enabled by
+ `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wunused-label'
+ Warn whenever a label is declared but not used. This warning is
+ enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+ To suppress this warning use the `unused' attribute (*note
+ Variable Attributes::).
+
+`-Wunused-parameter'
+ Warn whenever a function parameter is unused aside from its
+ declaration.
+
+ To suppress this warning use the `unused' attribute (*note
+ Variable Attributes::).
+
+`-Wunused-variable'
+ Warn whenever a local variable or non-constant static variable is
+ unused aside from its declaration. This warning is enabled by
+ `-Wall'.
+
+ To suppress this warning use the `unused' attribute (*note
+ Variable Attributes::).
+
+`-Wunused-value'
+ Warn whenever a statement computes a result that is explicitly not
+ used. To suppress this warning cast the unused expression to
+ `void'. This includes an expression-statement or the left-hand
+ side of a comma expression that contains no side effects. For
+ example, an expression such as `x[i,j]' will cause a warning, while
+ `x[(void)i,j]' will not.
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wunused'
+ All the above `-Wunused' options combined.
+
+ In order to get a warning about an unused function parameter, you
+ must either specify `-Wextra -Wunused' (note that `-Wall' implies
+ `-Wunused'), or separately specify `-Wunused-parameter'.
+
+`-Wuninitialized'
+ Warn if an automatic variable is used without first being
+ initialized or if a variable may be clobbered by a `setjmp' call.
+ In C++, warn if a non-static reference or non-static `const' member
+ appears in a class without constructors.
+
+ If you want to warn about code which uses the uninitialized value
+ of the variable in its own initializer, use the `-Winit-self'
+ option.
+
+ These warnings occur for individual uninitialized or clobbered
+ elements of structure, union or array variables as well as for
+ variables which are uninitialized or clobbered as a whole. They do
+ not occur for variables or elements declared `volatile'. Because
+ these warnings depend on optimization, the exact variables or
+ elements for which there are warnings will depend on the precise
+ optimization options and version of GCC used.
+
+ Note that there may be no warning about a variable that is used
+ only to compute a value that itself is never used, because such
+ computations may be deleted by data flow analysis before the
+ warnings are printed.
+
+ These warnings are made optional because GCC is not smart enough
+ to see all the reasons why the code might be correct despite
+ appearing to have an error. Here is one example of how this can
+ happen:
+
+ {
+ int x;
+ switch (y)
+ {
+ case 1: x = 1;
+ break;
+ case 2: x = 4;
+ break;
+ case 3: x = 5;
+ }
+ foo (x);
+ }
+
+ If the value of `y' is always 1, 2 or 3, then `x' is always
+ initialized, but GCC doesn't know this. Here is another common
+ case:
+
+ {
+ int save_y;
+ if (change_y) save_y = y, y = new_y;
+ ...
+ if (change_y) y = save_y;
+ }
+
+ This has no bug because `save_y' is used only if it is set.
+
+ This option also warns when a non-volatile automatic variable
+ might be changed by a call to `longjmp'. These warnings as well
+ are possible only in optimizing compilation.
+
+ The compiler sees only the calls to `setjmp'. It cannot know
+ where `longjmp' will be called; in fact, a signal handler could
+ call it at any point in the code. As a result, you may get a
+ warning even when there is in fact no problem because `longjmp'
+ cannot in fact be called at the place which would cause a problem.
+
+ Some spurious warnings can be avoided if you declare all the
+ functions you use that never return as `noreturn'. *Note Function
+ Attributes::.
+
+ This warning is enabled by `-Wall' or `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wunknown-pragmas'
+ Warn when a #pragma directive is encountered which is not
+ understood by GCC. If this command line option is used, warnings
+ will even be issued for unknown pragmas in system header files.
+ This is not the case if the warnings were only enabled by the
+ `-Wall' command line option.
+
+`-Wno-pragmas'
+ Do not warn about misuses of pragmas, such as incorrect parameters,
+ invalid syntax, or conflicts between pragmas. See also
+ `-Wunknown-pragmas'.
+
+`-Wstrict-aliasing'
+ This option is only active when `-fstrict-aliasing' is active. It
+ warns about code which might break the strict aliasing rules that
+ the compiler is using for optimization. The warning does not
+ catch all cases, but does attempt to catch the more common
+ pitfalls. It is included in `-Wall'. It is equivalent to
+ `-Wstrict-aliasing=3'
+
+`-Wstrict-aliasing=n'
+ This option is only active when `-fstrict-aliasing' is active. It
+ warns about code which might break the strict aliasing rules that
+ the compiler is using for optimization. Higher levels correspond
+ to higher accuracy (fewer false positives). Higher levels also
+ correspond to more effort, similar to the way -O works.
+ `-Wstrict-aliasing' is equivalent to `-Wstrict-aliasing=n', with
+ n=3.
+
+ Level 1: Most aggressive, quick, least accurate. Possibly useful
+ when higher levels do not warn but -fstrict-aliasing still breaks
+ the code, as it has very few false negatives. However, it has
+ many false positives. Warns for all pointer conversions between
+ possibly incompatible types, even if never dereferenced. Runs in
+ the frontend only.
+
+ Level 2: Aggressive, quick, not too precise. May still have many
+ false positives (not as many as level 1 though), and few false
+ negatives (but possibly more than level 1). Unlike level 1, it
+ only warns when an address is taken. Warns about incomplete
+ types. Runs in the frontend only.
+
+ Level 3 (default for `-Wstrict-aliasing'): Should have very few
+ false positives and few false negatives. Slightly slower than
+ levels 1 or 2 when optimization is enabled. Takes care of the
+ common punn+dereference pattern in the frontend:
+ `*(int*)&some_float'. If optimization is enabled, it also runs in
+ the backend, where it deals with multiple statement cases using
+ flow-sensitive points-to information. Only warns when the
+ converted pointer is dereferenced. Does not warn about incomplete
+ types.
+
+`-Wstrict-overflow'
+`-Wstrict-overflow=N'
+ This option is only active when `-fstrict-overflow' is active. It
+ warns about cases where the compiler optimizes based on the
+ assumption that signed overflow does not occur. Note that it does
+ not warn about all cases where the code might overflow: it only
+ warns about cases where the compiler implements some optimization.
+ Thus this warning depends on the optimization level.
+
+ An optimization which assumes that signed overflow does not occur
+ is perfectly safe if the values of the variables involved are such
+ that overflow never does, in fact, occur. Therefore this warning
+ can easily give a false positive: a warning about code which is not
+ actually a problem. To help focus on important issues, several
+ warning levels are defined. No warnings are issued for the use of
+ undefined signed overflow when estimating how many iterations a
+ loop will require, in particular when determining whether a loop
+ will be executed at all.
+
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=1'
+ Warn about cases which are both questionable and easy to
+ avoid. For example: `x + 1 > x'; with `-fstrict-overflow',
+ the compiler will simplify this to `1'. This level of
+ `-Wstrict-overflow' is enabled by `-Wall'; higher levels are
+ not, and must be explicitly requested.
+
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=2'
+ Also warn about other cases where a comparison is simplified
+ to a constant. For example: `abs (x) >= 0'. This can only be
+ simplified when `-fstrict-overflow' is in effect, because
+ `abs (INT_MIN)' overflows to `INT_MIN', which is less than
+ zero. `-Wstrict-overflow' (with no level) is the same as
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=2'.
+
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=3'
+ Also warn about other cases where a comparison is simplified.
+ For example: `x + 1 > 1' will be simplified to `x > 0'.
+
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=4'
+ Also warn about other simplifications not covered by the
+ above cases. For example: `(x * 10) / 5' will be simplified
+ to `x * 2'.
+
+ `-Wstrict-overflow=5'
+ Also warn about cases where the compiler reduces the
+ magnitude of a constant involved in a comparison. For
+ example: `x + 2 > y' will be simplified to `x + 1 >= y'.
+ This is reported only at the highest warning level because
+ this simplification applies to many comparisons, so this
+ warning level will give a very large number of false
+ positives.
+
+`-Warray-bounds'
+ This option is only active when `-ftree-vrp' is active (default
+ for -O2 and above). It warns about subscripts to arrays that are
+ always out of bounds. This warning is enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wno-div-by-zero'
+ Do not warn about compile-time integer division by zero. Floating
+ point division by zero is not warned about, as it can be a
+ legitimate way of obtaining infinities and NaNs.
+
+`-Wsystem-headers'
+ Print warning messages for constructs found in system header files.
+ Warnings from system headers are normally suppressed, on the
+ assumption that they usually do not indicate real problems and
+ would only make the compiler output harder to read. Using this
+ command line option tells GCC to emit warnings from system headers
+ as if they occurred in user code. However, note that using
+ `-Wall' in conjunction with this option will _not_ warn about
+ unknown pragmas in system headers--for that, `-Wunknown-pragmas'
+ must also be used.
+
+`-Wfloat-equal'
+ Warn if floating point values are used in equality comparisons.
+
+ The idea behind this is that sometimes it is convenient (for the
+ programmer) to consider floating-point values as approximations to
+ infinitely precise real numbers. If you are doing this, then you
+ need to compute (by analyzing the code, or in some other way) the
+ maximum or likely maximum error that the computation introduces,
+ and allow for it when performing comparisons (and when producing
+ output, but that's a different problem). In particular, instead
+ of testing for equality, you would check to see whether the two
+ values have ranges that overlap; and this is done with the
+ relational operators, so equality comparisons are probably
+ mistaken.
+
+`-Wtraditional (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn about certain constructs that behave differently in
+ traditional and ISO C. Also warn about ISO C constructs that have
+ no traditional C equivalent, and/or problematic constructs which
+ should be avoided.
+
+ * Macro parameters that appear within string literals in the
+ macro body. In traditional C macro replacement takes place
+ within string literals, but does not in ISO C.
+
+ * In traditional C, some preprocessor directives did not exist.
+ Traditional preprocessors would only consider a line to be a
+ directive if the `#' appeared in column 1 on the line.
+ Therefore `-Wtraditional' warns about directives that
+ traditional C understands but would ignore because the `#'
+ does not appear as the first character on the line. It also
+ suggests you hide directives like `#pragma' not understood by
+ traditional C by indenting them. Some traditional
+ implementations would not recognize `#elif', so it suggests
+ avoiding it altogether.
+
+ * A function-like macro that appears without arguments.
+
+ * The unary plus operator.
+
+ * The `U' integer constant suffix, or the `F' or `L' floating
+ point constant suffixes. (Traditional C does support the `L'
+ suffix on integer constants.) Note, these suffixes appear in
+ macros defined in the system headers of most modern systems,
+ e.g. the `_MIN'/`_MAX' macros in `<limits.h>'. Use of these
+ macros in user code might normally lead to spurious warnings,
+ however GCC's integrated preprocessor has enough context to
+ avoid warning in these cases.
+
+ * A function declared external in one block and then used after
+ the end of the block.
+
+ * A `switch' statement has an operand of type `long'.
+
+ * A non-`static' function declaration follows a `static' one.
+ This construct is not accepted by some traditional C
+ compilers.
+
+ * The ISO type of an integer constant has a different width or
+ signedness from its traditional type. This warning is only
+ issued if the base of the constant is ten. I.e. hexadecimal
+ or octal values, which typically represent bit patterns, are
+ not warned about.
+
+ * Usage of ISO string concatenation is detected.
+
+ * Initialization of automatic aggregates.
+
+ * Identifier conflicts with labels. Traditional C lacks a
+ separate namespace for labels.
+
+ * Initialization of unions. If the initializer is zero, the
+ warning is omitted. This is done under the assumption that
+ the zero initializer in user code appears conditioned on e.g.
+ `__STDC__' to avoid missing initializer warnings and relies
+ on default initialization to zero in the traditional C case.
+
+ * Conversions by prototypes between fixed/floating point values
+ and vice versa. The absence of these prototypes when
+ compiling with traditional C would cause serious problems.
+ This is a subset of the possible conversion warnings, for the
+ full set use `-Wtraditional-conversion'.
+
+ * Use of ISO C style function definitions. This warning
+ intentionally is _not_ issued for prototype declarations or
+ variadic functions because these ISO C features will appear
+ in your code when using libiberty's traditional C
+ compatibility macros, `PARAMS' and `VPARAMS'. This warning
+ is also bypassed for nested functions because that feature is
+ already a GCC extension and thus not relevant to traditional
+ C compatibility.
+
+`-Wtraditional-conversion (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if a prototype causes a type conversion that is different
+ from what would happen to the same argument in the absence of a
+ prototype. This includes conversions of fixed point to floating
+ and vice versa, and conversions changing the width or signedness
+ of a fixed point argument except when the same as the default
+ promotion.
+
+`-Wdeclaration-after-statement (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn when a declaration is found after a statement in a block.
+ This construct, known from C++, was introduced with ISO C99 and is
+ by default allowed in GCC. It is not supported by ISO C90 and was
+ not supported by GCC versions before GCC 3.0. *Note Mixed
+ Declarations::.
+
+`-Wundef'
+ Warn if an undefined identifier is evaluated in an `#if' directive.
+
+`-Wno-endif-labels'
+ Do not warn whenever an `#else' or an `#endif' are followed by
+ text.
+
+`-Wshadow'
+ Warn whenever a local variable shadows another local variable,
+ parameter or global variable or whenever a built-in function is
+ shadowed.
+
+`-Wlarger-than=LEN'
+ Warn whenever an object of larger than LEN bytes is defined.
+
+`-Wframe-larger-than=LEN'
+ Warn if the size of a function frame is larger than LEN bytes.
+ The computation done to determine the stack frame size is
+ approximate and not conservative. The actual requirements may be
+ somewhat greater than LEN even if you do not get a warning. In
+ addition, any space allocated via `alloca', variable-length
+ arrays, or related constructs is not included by the compiler when
+ determining whether or not to issue a warning.
+
+`-Wunsafe-loop-optimizations'
+ Warn if the loop cannot be optimized because the compiler could not
+ assume anything on the bounds of the loop indices. With
+ `-funsafe-loop-optimizations' warn if the compiler made such
+ assumptions.
+
+`-Wno-pedantic-ms-format (MinGW targets only)'
+ Disables the warnings about non-ISO `printf' / `scanf' format
+ width specifiers `I32', `I64', and `I' used on Windows targets
+ depending on the MS runtime, when you are using the options
+ `-Wformat' and `-pedantic' without gnu-extensions.
+
+`-Wpointer-arith'
+ Warn about anything that depends on the "size of" a function type
+ or of `void'. GNU C assigns these types a size of 1, for
+ convenience in calculations with `void *' pointers and pointers to
+ functions. In C++, warn also when an arithmetic operation involves
+ `NULL'. This warning is also enabled by `-pedantic'.
+
+`-Wtype-limits'
+ Warn if a comparison is always true or always false due to the
+ limited range of the data type, but do not warn for constant
+ expressions. For example, warn if an unsigned variable is
+ compared against zero with `<' or `>='. This warning is also
+ enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wbad-function-cast (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn whenever a function call is cast to a non-matching type. For
+ example, warn if `int malloc()' is cast to `anything *'.
+
+`-Wc++-compat (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn about ISO C constructs that are outside of the common subset
+ of ISO C and ISO C++, e.g. request for implicit conversion from
+ `void *' to a pointer to non-`void' type.
+
+`-Wc++0x-compat (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn about C++ constructs whose meaning differs between ISO C++
+ 1998 and ISO C++ 200x, e.g., identifiers in ISO C++ 1998 that will
+ become keywords in ISO C++ 200x. This warning is enabled by
+ `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wcast-qual'
+ Warn whenever a pointer is cast so as to remove a type qualifier
+ from the target type. For example, warn if a `const char *' is
+ cast to an ordinary `char *'.
+
+`-Wcast-align'
+ Warn whenever a pointer is cast such that the required alignment
+ of the target is increased. For example, warn if a `char *' is
+ cast to an `int *' on machines where integers can only be accessed
+ at two- or four-byte boundaries.
+
+`-Wwrite-strings'
+ When compiling C, give string constants the type `const
+ char[LENGTH]' so that copying the address of one into a
+ non-`const' `char *' pointer will get a warning. These warnings
+ will help you find at compile time code that can try to write into
+ a string constant, but only if you have been very careful about
+ using `const' in declarations and prototypes. Otherwise, it will
+ just be a nuisance. This is why we did not make `-Wall' request
+ these warnings.
+
+ When compiling C++, warn about the deprecated conversion from
+ string literals to `char *'. This warning is enabled by default
+ for C++ programs.
+
+`-Wclobbered'
+ Warn for variables that might be changed by `longjmp' or `vfork'.
+ This warning is also enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wconversion'
+ Warn for implicit conversions that may alter a value. This includes
+ conversions between real and integer, like `abs (x)' when `x' is
+ `double'; conversions between signed and unsigned, like `unsigned
+ ui = -1'; and conversions to smaller types, like `sqrtf (M_PI)'.
+ Do not warn for explicit casts like `abs ((int) x)' and `ui =
+ (unsigned) -1', or if the value is not changed by the conversion
+ like in `abs (2.0)'. Warnings about conversions between signed
+ and unsigned integers can be disabled by using
+ `-Wno-sign-conversion'.
+
+ For C++, also warn for conversions between `NULL' and non-pointer
+ types; confusing overload resolution for user-defined conversions;
+ and conversions that will never use a type conversion operator:
+ conversions to `void', the same type, a base class or a reference
+ to them. Warnings about conversions between signed and unsigned
+ integers are disabled by default in C++ unless `-Wsign-conversion'
+ is explicitly enabled.
+
+`-Wempty-body'
+ Warn if an empty body occurs in an `if', `else' or `do while'
+ statement. This warning is also enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wenum-compare (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Warn about a comparison between values of different enum types.
+ This warning is enabled by default.
+
+`-Wsign-compare'
+ Warn when a comparison between signed and unsigned values could
+ produce an incorrect result when the signed value is converted to
+ unsigned. This warning is also enabled by `-Wextra'; to get the
+ other warnings of `-Wextra' without this warning, use `-Wextra
+ -Wno-sign-compare'.
+
+`-Wsign-conversion'
+ Warn for implicit conversions that may change the sign of an
+ integer value, like assigning a signed integer expression to an
+ unsigned integer variable. An explicit cast silences the warning.
+ In C, this option is enabled also by `-Wconversion'.
+
+`-Waddress'
+ Warn about suspicious uses of memory addresses. These include using
+ the address of a function in a conditional expression, such as
+ `void func(void); if (func)', and comparisons against the memory
+ address of a string literal, such as `if (x == "abc")'. Such uses
+ typically indicate a programmer error: the address of a function
+ always evaluates to true, so their use in a conditional usually
+ indicate that the programmer forgot the parentheses in a function
+ call; and comparisons against string literals result in unspecified
+ behavior and are not portable in C, so they usually indicate that
+ the programmer intended to use `strcmp'. This warning is enabled
+ by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wlogical-op'
+ Warn about suspicious uses of logical operators in expressions.
+ This includes using logical operators in contexts where a bit-wise
+ operator is likely to be expected.
+
+`-Waggregate-return'
+ Warn if any functions that return structures or unions are defined
+ or called. (In languages where you can return an array, this also
+ elicits a warning.)
+
+`-Wno-attributes'
+ Do not warn if an unexpected `__attribute__' is used, such as
+ unrecognized attributes, function attributes applied to variables,
+ etc. This will not stop errors for incorrect use of supported
+ attributes.
+
+`-Wno-builtin-macro-redefined'
+ Do not warn if certain built-in macros are redefined. This
+ suppresses warnings for redefinition of `__TIMESTAMP__',
+ `__TIME__', `__DATE__', `__FILE__', and `__BASE_FILE__'.
+
+`-Wstrict-prototypes (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if a function is declared or defined without specifying the
+ argument types. (An old-style function definition is permitted
+ without a warning if preceded by a declaration which specifies the
+ argument types.)
+
+`-Wold-style-declaration (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn for obsolescent usages, according to the C Standard, in a
+ declaration. For example, warn if storage-class specifiers like
+ `static' are not the first things in a declaration. This warning
+ is also enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wold-style-definition (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if an old-style function definition is used. A warning is
+ given even if there is a previous prototype.
+
+`-Wmissing-parameter-type (C and Objective-C only)'
+ A function parameter is declared without a type specifier in
+ K&R-style functions:
+
+ void foo(bar) { }
+
+ This warning is also enabled by `-Wextra'.
+
+`-Wmissing-prototypes (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if a global function is defined without a previous prototype
+ declaration. This warning is issued even if the definition itself
+ provides a prototype. The aim is to detect global functions that
+ fail to be declared in header files.
+
+`-Wmissing-declarations'
+ Warn if a global function is defined without a previous
+ declaration. Do so even if the definition itself provides a
+ prototype. Use this option to detect global functions that are
+ not declared in header files. In C++, no warnings are issued for
+ function templates, or for inline functions, or for functions in
+ anonymous namespaces.
+
+`-Wmissing-field-initializers'
+ Warn if a structure's initializer has some fields missing. For
+ example, the following code would cause such a warning, because
+ `x.h' is implicitly zero:
+
+ struct s { int f, g, h; };
+ struct s x = { 3, 4 };
+
+ This option does not warn about designated initializers, so the
+ following modification would not trigger a warning:
+
+ struct s { int f, g, h; };
+ struct s x = { .f = 3, .g = 4 };
+
+ This warning is included in `-Wextra'. To get other `-Wextra'
+ warnings without this one, use `-Wextra
+ -Wno-missing-field-initializers'.
+
+`-Wmissing-noreturn'
+ Warn about functions which might be candidates for attribute
+ `noreturn'. Note these are only possible candidates, not absolute
+ ones. Care should be taken to manually verify functions actually
+ do not ever return before adding the `noreturn' attribute,
+ otherwise subtle code generation bugs could be introduced. You
+ will not get a warning for `main' in hosted C environments.
+
+`-Wmissing-format-attribute'
+ Warn about function pointers which might be candidates for `format'
+ attributes. Note these are only possible candidates, not absolute
+ ones. GCC will guess that function pointers with `format'
+ attributes that are used in assignment, initialization, parameter
+ passing or return statements should have a corresponding `format'
+ attribute in the resulting type. I.e. the left-hand side of the
+ assignment or initialization, the type of the parameter variable,
+ or the return type of the containing function respectively should
+ also have a `format' attribute to avoid the warning.
+
+ GCC will also warn about function definitions which might be
+ candidates for `format' attributes. Again, these are only
+ possible candidates. GCC will guess that `format' attributes
+ might be appropriate for any function that calls a function like
+ `vprintf' or `vscanf', but this might not always be the case, and
+ some functions for which `format' attributes are appropriate may
+ not be detected.
+
+`-Wno-multichar'
+ Do not warn if a multicharacter constant (`'FOOF'') is used.
+ Usually they indicate a typo in the user's code, as they have
+ implementation-defined values, and should not be used in portable
+ code.
+
+`-Wnormalized=<none|id|nfc|nfkc>'
+ In ISO C and ISO C++, two identifiers are different if they are
+ different sequences of characters. However, sometimes when
+ characters outside the basic ASCII character set are used, you can
+ have two different character sequences that look the same. To
+ avoid confusion, the ISO 10646 standard sets out some
+ "normalization rules" which when applied ensure that two sequences
+ that look the same are turned into the same sequence. GCC can
+ warn you if you are using identifiers which have not been
+ normalized; this option controls that warning.
+
+ There are four levels of warning that GCC supports. The default is
+ `-Wnormalized=nfc', which warns about any identifier which is not
+ in the ISO 10646 "C" normalized form, "NFC". NFC is the
+ recommended form for most uses.
+
+ Unfortunately, there are some characters which ISO C and ISO C++
+ allow in identifiers that when turned into NFC aren't allowable as
+ identifiers. That is, there's no way to use these symbols in
+ portable ISO C or C++ and have all your identifiers in NFC.
+ `-Wnormalized=id' suppresses the warning for these characters. It
+ is hoped that future versions of the standards involved will
+ correct this, which is why this option is not the default.
+
+ You can switch the warning off for all characters by writing
+ `-Wnormalized=none'. You would only want to do this if you were
+ using some other normalization scheme (like "D"), because
+ otherwise you can easily create bugs that are literally impossible
+ to see.
+
+ Some characters in ISO 10646 have distinct meanings but look
+ identical in some fonts or display methodologies, especially once
+ formatting has been applied. For instance `\u207F', "SUPERSCRIPT
+ LATIN SMALL LETTER N", will display just like a regular `n' which
+ has been placed in a superscript. ISO 10646 defines the "NFKC"
+ normalization scheme to convert all these into a standard form as
+ well, and GCC will warn if your code is not in NFKC if you use
+ `-Wnormalized=nfkc'. This warning is comparable to warning about
+ every identifier that contains the letter O because it might be
+ confused with the digit 0, and so is not the default, but may be
+ useful as a local coding convention if the programming environment
+ is unable to be fixed to display these characters distinctly.
+
+`-Wno-deprecated'
+ Do not warn about usage of deprecated features. *Note Deprecated
+ Features::.
+
+`-Wno-deprecated-declarations'
+ Do not warn about uses of functions (*note Function Attributes::),
+ variables (*note Variable Attributes::), and types (*note Type
+ Attributes::) marked as deprecated by using the `deprecated'
+ attribute.
+
+`-Wno-overflow'
+ Do not warn about compile-time overflow in constant expressions.
+
+`-Woverride-init (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if an initialized field without side effects is overridden
+ when using designated initializers (*note Designated Initializers:
+ Designated Inits.).
+
+ This warning is included in `-Wextra'. To get other `-Wextra'
+ warnings without this one, use `-Wextra -Wno-override-init'.
+
+`-Wpacked'
+ Warn if a structure is given the packed attribute, but the packed
+ attribute has no effect on the layout or size of the structure.
+ Such structures may be mis-aligned for little benefit. For
+ instance, in this code, the variable `f.x' in `struct bar' will be
+ misaligned even though `struct bar' does not itself have the
+ packed attribute:
+
+ struct foo {
+ int x;
+ char a, b, c, d;
+ } __attribute__((packed));
+ struct bar {
+ char z;
+ struct foo f;
+ };
+
+`-Wpacked-bitfield-compat'
+ The 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 series of GCC ignore the `packed' attribute
+ on bit-fields of type `char'. This has been fixed in GCC 4.4 but
+ the change can lead to differences in the structure layout. GCC
+ informs you when the offset of such a field has changed in GCC 4.4.
+ For example there is no longer a 4-bit padding between field `a'
+ and `b' in this structure:
+
+ struct foo
+ {
+ char a:4;
+ char b:8;
+ } __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+ This warning is enabled by default. Use
+ `-Wno-packed-bitfield-compat' to disable this warning.
+
+`-Wpadded'
+ Warn if padding is included in a structure, either to align an
+ element of the structure or to align the whole structure.
+ Sometimes when this happens it is possible to rearrange the fields
+ of the structure to reduce the padding and so make the structure
+ smaller.
+
+`-Wredundant-decls'
+ Warn if anything is declared more than once in the same scope,
+ even in cases where multiple declaration is valid and changes
+ nothing.
+
+`-Wnested-externs (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn if an `extern' declaration is encountered within a function.
+
+`-Wunreachable-code'
+ Warn if the compiler detects that code will never be executed.
+
+ This option is intended to warn when the compiler detects that at
+ least a whole line of source code will never be executed, because
+ some condition is never satisfied or because it is after a
+ procedure that never returns.
+
+ It is possible for this option to produce a warning even though
+ there are circumstances under which part of the affected line can
+ be executed, so care should be taken when removing
+ apparently-unreachable code.
+
+ For instance, when a function is inlined, a warning may mean that
+ the line is unreachable in only one inlined copy of the function.
+
+ This option is not made part of `-Wall' because in a debugging
+ version of a program there is often substantial code which checks
+ correct functioning of the program and is, hopefully, unreachable
+ because the program does work. Another common use of unreachable
+ code is to provide behavior which is selectable at compile-time.
+
+`-Winline'
+ Warn if a function can not be inlined and it was declared as
+ inline. Even with this option, the compiler will not warn about
+ failures to inline functions declared in system headers.
+
+ The compiler uses a variety of heuristics to determine whether or
+ not to inline a function. For example, the compiler takes into
+ account the size of the function being inlined and the amount of
+ inlining that has already been done in the current function.
+ Therefore, seemingly insignificant changes in the source program
+ can cause the warnings produced by `-Winline' to appear or
+ disappear.
+
+`-Wno-invalid-offsetof (C++ and Objective-C++ only)'
+ Suppress warnings from applying the `offsetof' macro to a non-POD
+ type. According to the 1998 ISO C++ standard, applying `offsetof'
+ to a non-POD type is undefined. In existing C++ implementations,
+ however, `offsetof' typically gives meaningful results even when
+ applied to certain kinds of non-POD types. (Such as a simple
+ `struct' that fails to be a POD type only by virtue of having a
+ constructor.) This flag is for users who are aware that they are
+ writing nonportable code and who have deliberately chosen to
+ ignore the warning about it.
+
+ The restrictions on `offsetof' may be relaxed in a future version
+ of the C++ standard.
+
+`-Wno-int-to-pointer-cast (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Suppress warnings from casts to pointer type of an integer of a
+ different size.
+
+`-Wno-pointer-to-int-cast (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Suppress warnings from casts from a pointer to an integer type of a
+ different size.
+
+`-Winvalid-pch'
+ Warn if a precompiled header (*note Precompiled Headers::) is
+ found in the search path but can't be used.
+
+`-Wlong-long'
+ Warn if `long long' type is used. This is default. To inhibit
+ the warning messages, use `-Wno-long-long'. Flags `-Wlong-long'
+ and `-Wno-long-long' are taken into account only when `-pedantic'
+ flag is used.
+
+`-Wvariadic-macros'
+ Warn if variadic macros are used in pedantic ISO C90 mode, or the
+ GNU alternate syntax when in pedantic ISO C99 mode. This is
+ default. To inhibit the warning messages, use
+ `-Wno-variadic-macros'.
+
+`-Wvla'
+ Warn if variable length array is used in the code. `-Wno-vla'
+ will prevent the `-pedantic' warning of the variable length array.
+
+`-Wvolatile-register-var'
+ Warn if a register variable is declared volatile. The volatile
+ modifier does not inhibit all optimizations that may eliminate
+ reads and/or writes to register variables. This warning is
+ enabled by `-Wall'.
+
+`-Wdisabled-optimization'
+ Warn if a requested optimization pass is disabled. This warning
+ does not generally indicate that there is anything wrong with your
+ code; it merely indicates that GCC's optimizers were unable to
+ handle the code effectively. Often, the problem is that your code
+ is too big or too complex; GCC will refuse to optimize programs
+ when the optimization itself is likely to take inordinate amounts
+ of time.
+
+`-Wpointer-sign (C and Objective-C only)'
+ Warn for pointer argument passing or assignment with different
+ signedness. This option is only supported for C and Objective-C.
+ It is implied by `-Wall' and by `-pedantic', which can be disabled
+ with `-Wno-pointer-sign'.
+
+`-Wstack-protector'
+ This option is only active when `-fstack-protector' is active. It
+ warns about functions that will not be protected against stack
+ smashing.
+
+`-Wno-mudflap'
+ Suppress warnings about constructs that cannot be instrumented by
+ `-fmudflap'.
+
+`-Woverlength-strings'
+ Warn about string constants which are longer than the "minimum
+ maximum" length specified in the C standard. Modern compilers
+ generally allow string constants which are much longer than the
+ standard's minimum limit, but very portable programs should avoid
+ using longer strings.
+
+ The limit applies _after_ string constant concatenation, and does
+ not count the trailing NUL. In C89, the limit was 509 characters;
+ in C99, it was raised to 4095. C++98 does not specify a normative
+ minimum maximum, so we do not diagnose overlength strings in C++.
+
+ This option is implied by `-pedantic', and can be disabled with
+ `-Wno-overlength-strings'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Debugging Options, Next: Optimize Options, Prev: Warning Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.9 Options for Debugging Your Program or GCC
+=============================================
+
+GCC has various special options that are used for debugging either your
+program or GCC:
+
+`-g'
+ Produce debugging information in the operating system's native
+ format (stabs, COFF, XCOFF, or DWARF 2). GDB can work with this
+ debugging information.
+
+ On most systems that use stabs format, `-g' enables use of extra
+ debugging information that only GDB can use; this extra information
+ makes debugging work better in GDB but will probably make other
+ debuggers crash or refuse to read the program. If you want to
+ control for certain whether to generate the extra information, use
+ `-gstabs+', `-gstabs', `-gxcoff+', `-gxcoff', or `-gvms' (see
+ below).
+
+ GCC allows you to use `-g' with `-O'. The shortcuts taken by
+ optimized code may occasionally produce surprising results: some
+ variables you declared may not exist at all; flow of control may
+ briefly move where you did not expect it; some statements may not
+ be executed because they compute constant results or their values
+ were already at hand; some statements may execute in different
+ places because they were moved out of loops.
+
+ Nevertheless it proves possible to debug optimized output. This
+ makes it reasonable to use the optimizer for programs that might
+ have bugs.
+
+ The following options are useful when GCC is generated with the
+ capability for more than one debugging format.
+
+`-ggdb'
+ Produce debugging information for use by GDB. This means to use
+ the most expressive format available (DWARF 2, stabs, or the
+ native format if neither of those are supported), including GDB
+ extensions if at all possible.
+
+`-gstabs'
+ Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is
+ supported), without GDB extensions. This is the format used by
+ DBX on most BSD systems. On MIPS, Alpha and System V Release 4
+ systems this option produces stabs debugging output which is not
+ understood by DBX or SDB. On System V Release 4 systems this
+ option requires the GNU assembler.
+
+`-feliminate-unused-debug-symbols'
+ Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is
+ supported), for only symbols that are actually used.
+
+`-femit-class-debug-always'
+ Instead of emitting debugging information for a C++ class in only
+ one object file, emit it in all object files using the class.
+ This option should be used only with debuggers that are unable to
+ handle the way GCC normally emits debugging information for
+ classes because using this option will increase the size of
+ debugging information by as much as a factor of two.
+
+`-gstabs+'
+ Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is
+ supported), using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU
+ debugger (GDB). The use of these extensions is likely to make
+ other debuggers crash or refuse to read the program.
+
+`-gcoff'
+ Produce debugging information in COFF format (if that is
+ supported). This is the format used by SDB on most System V
+ systems prior to System V Release 4.
+
+`-gxcoff'
+ Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is
+ supported). This is the format used by the DBX debugger on IBM
+ RS/6000 systems.
+
+`-gxcoff+'
+ Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is
+ supported), using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU
+ debugger (GDB). The use of these extensions is likely to make
+ other debuggers crash or refuse to read the program, and may cause
+ assemblers other than the GNU assembler (GAS) to fail with an
+ error.
+
+`-gdwarf-2'
+ Produce debugging information in DWARF version 2 format (if that is
+ supported). This is the format used by DBX on IRIX 6. With this
+ option, GCC uses features of DWARF version 3 when they are useful;
+ version 3 is upward compatible with version 2, but may still cause
+ problems for older debuggers.
+
+`-gvms'
+ Produce debugging information in VMS debug format (if that is
+ supported). This is the format used by DEBUG on VMS systems.
+
+`-gLEVEL'
+`-ggdbLEVEL'
+`-gstabsLEVEL'
+`-gcoffLEVEL'
+`-gxcoffLEVEL'
+`-gvmsLEVEL'
+ Request debugging information and also use LEVEL to specify how
+ much information. The default level is 2.
+
+ Level 0 produces no debug information at all. Thus, `-g0' negates
+ `-g'.
+
+ Level 1 produces minimal information, enough for making backtraces
+ in parts of the program that you don't plan to debug. This
+ includes descriptions of functions and external variables, but no
+ information about local variables and no line numbers.
+
+ Level 3 includes extra information, such as all the macro
+ definitions present in the program. Some debuggers support macro
+ expansion when you use `-g3'.
+
+ `-gdwarf-2' does not accept a concatenated debug level, because
+ GCC used to support an option `-gdwarf' that meant to generate
+ debug information in version 1 of the DWARF format (which is very
+ different from version 2), and it would have been too confusing.
+ That debug format is long obsolete, but the option cannot be
+ changed now. Instead use an additional `-gLEVEL' option to change
+ the debug level for DWARF2.
+
+`-feliminate-dwarf2-dups'
+ Compress DWARF2 debugging information by eliminating duplicated
+ information about each symbol. This option only makes sense when
+ generating DWARF2 debugging information with `-gdwarf-2'.
+
+`-femit-struct-debug-baseonly'
+ Emit debug information for struct-like types only when the base
+ name of the compilation source file matches the base name of file
+ in which the struct was defined.
+
+ This option substantially reduces the size of debugging
+ information, but at significant potential loss in type information
+ to the debugger. See `-femit-struct-debug-reduced' for a less
+ aggressive option. See `-femit-struct-debug-detailed' for more
+ detailed control.
+
+ This option works only with DWARF 2.
+
+`-femit-struct-debug-reduced'
+ Emit debug information for struct-like types only when the base
+ name of the compilation source file matches the base name of file
+ in which the type was defined, unless the struct is a template or
+ defined in a system header.
+
+ This option significantly reduces the size of debugging
+ information, with some potential loss in type information to the
+ debugger. See `-femit-struct-debug-baseonly' for a more
+ aggressive option. See `-femit-struct-debug-detailed' for more
+ detailed control.
+
+ This option works only with DWARF 2.
+
+`-femit-struct-debug-detailed[=SPEC-LIST]'
+ Specify the struct-like types for which the compiler will generate
+ debug information. The intent is to reduce duplicate struct debug
+ information between different object files within the same program.
+
+ This option is a detailed version of `-femit-struct-debug-reduced'
+ and `-femit-struct-debug-baseonly', which will serve for most
+ needs.
+
+ A specification has the syntax
+ [`dir:'|`ind:'][`ord:'|`gen:'](`any'|`sys'|`base'|`none')
+
+ The optional first word limits the specification to structs that
+ are used directly (`dir:') or used indirectly (`ind:'). A struct
+ type is used directly when it is the type of a variable, member.
+ Indirect uses arise through pointers to structs. That is, when
+ use of an incomplete struct would be legal, the use is indirect.
+ An example is `struct one direct; struct two * indirect;'.
+
+ The optional second word limits the specification to ordinary
+ structs (`ord:') or generic structs (`gen:'). Generic structs are
+ a bit complicated to explain. For C++, these are non-explicit
+ specializations of template classes, or non-template classes
+ within the above. Other programming languages have generics, but
+ `-femit-struct-debug-detailed' does not yet implement them.
+
+ The third word specifies the source files for those structs for
+ which the compiler will emit debug information. The values `none'
+ and `any' have the normal meaning. The value `base' means that
+ the base of name of the file in which the type declaration appears
+ must match the base of the name of the main compilation file. In
+ practice, this means that types declared in `foo.c' and `foo.h'
+ will have debug information, but types declared in other header
+ will not. The value `sys' means those types satisfying `base' or
+ declared in system or compiler headers.
+
+ You may need to experiment to determine the best settings for your
+ application.
+
+ The default is `-femit-struct-debug-detailed=all'.
+
+ This option works only with DWARF 2.
+
+`-fno-merge-debug-strings'
+ Direct the linker to not merge together strings in the debugging
+ information which are identical in different object files.
+ Merging is not supported by all assemblers or linkers. Merging
+ decreases the size of the debug information in the output file at
+ the cost of increasing link processing time. Merging is enabled
+ by default.
+
+`-fdebug-prefix-map=OLD=NEW'
+ When compiling files in directory `OLD', record debugging
+ information describing them as in `NEW' instead.
+
+`-fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm'
+ Emit DWARF 2 unwind info as compiler generated `.eh_frame' section
+ instead of using GAS `.cfi_*' directives.
+
+`-p'
+ Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the
+ analysis program `prof'. You must use this option when compiling
+ the source files you want data about, and you must also use it when
+ linking.
+
+`-pg'
+ Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the
+ analysis program `gprof'. You must use this option when compiling
+ the source files you want data about, and you must also use it when
+ linking.
+
+`-Q'
+ Makes the compiler print out each function name as it is compiled,
+ and print some statistics about each pass when it finishes.
+
+`-ftime-report'
+ Makes the compiler print some statistics about the time consumed
+ by each pass when it finishes.
+
+`-fmem-report'
+ Makes the compiler print some statistics about permanent memory
+ allocation when it finishes.
+
+`-fpre-ipa-mem-report'
+
+`-fpost-ipa-mem-report'
+ Makes the compiler print some statistics about permanent memory
+ allocation before or after interprocedural optimization.
+
+`-fprofile-arcs'
+ Add code so that program flow "arcs" are instrumented. During
+ execution the program records how many times each branch and call
+ is executed and how many times it is taken or returns. When the
+ compiled program exits it saves this data to a file called
+ `AUXNAME.gcda' for each source file. The data may be used for
+ profile-directed optimizations (`-fbranch-probabilities'), or for
+ test coverage analysis (`-ftest-coverage'). Each object file's
+ AUXNAME is generated from the name of the output file, if
+ explicitly specified and it is not the final executable, otherwise
+ it is the basename of the source file. In both cases any suffix
+ is removed (e.g. `foo.gcda' for input file `dir/foo.c', or
+ `dir/foo.gcda' for output file specified as `-o dir/foo.o').
+ *Note Cross-profiling::.
+
+`--coverage'
+ This option is used to compile and link code instrumented for
+ coverage analysis. The option is a synonym for `-fprofile-arcs'
+ `-ftest-coverage' (when compiling) and `-lgcov' (when linking).
+ See the documentation for those options for more details.
+
+ * Compile the source files with `-fprofile-arcs' plus
+ optimization and code generation options. For test coverage
+ analysis, use the additional `-ftest-coverage' option. You
+ do not need to profile every source file in a program.
+
+ * Link your object files with `-lgcov' or `-fprofile-arcs' (the
+ latter implies the former).
+
+ * Run the program on a representative workload to generate the
+ arc profile information. This may be repeated any number of
+ times. You can run concurrent instances of your program, and
+ provided that the file system supports locking, the data
+ files will be correctly updated. Also `fork' calls are
+ detected and correctly handled (double counting will not
+ happen).
+
+ * For profile-directed optimizations, compile the source files
+ again with the same optimization and code generation options
+ plus `-fbranch-probabilities' (*note Options that Control
+ Optimization: Optimize Options.).
+
+ * For test coverage analysis, use `gcov' to produce human
+ readable information from the `.gcno' and `.gcda' files.
+ Refer to the `gcov' documentation for further information.
+
+
+ With `-fprofile-arcs', for each function of your program GCC
+ creates a program flow graph, then finds a spanning tree for the
+ graph. Only arcs that are not on the spanning tree have to be
+ instrumented: the compiler adds code to count the number of times
+ that these arcs are executed. When an arc is the only exit or
+ only entrance to a block, the instrumentation code can be added to
+ the block; otherwise, a new basic block must be created to hold
+ the instrumentation code.
+
+`-ftest-coverage'
+ Produce a notes file that the `gcov' code-coverage utility (*note
+ `gcov'--a Test Coverage Program: Gcov.) can use to show program
+ coverage. Each source file's note file is called `AUXNAME.gcno'.
+ Refer to the `-fprofile-arcs' option above for a description of
+ AUXNAME and instructions on how to generate test coverage data.
+ Coverage data will match the source files more closely, if you do
+ not optimize.
+
+`-fdbg-cnt-list'
+ Print the name and the counter upperbound for all debug counters.
+
+`-fdbg-cnt=COUNTER-VALUE-LIST'
+ Set the internal debug counter upperbound. COUNTER-VALUE-LIST is a
+ comma-separated list of NAME:VALUE pairs which sets the upperbound
+ of each debug counter NAME to VALUE. All debug counters have the
+ initial upperbound of UINT_MAX, thus dbg_cnt() returns true always
+ unless the upperbound is set by this option. e.g. With
+ -fdbg-cnt=dce:10,tail_call:0 dbg_cnt(dce) will return true only
+ for first 10 invocations and dbg_cnt(tail_call) will return false
+ always.
+
+`-dLETTERS'
+`-fdump-rtl-PASS'
+ Says to make debugging dumps during compilation at times specified
+ by LETTERS. This is used for debugging the RTL-based passes of
+ the compiler. The file names for most of the dumps are made by
+ appending a pass number and a word to the DUMPNAME. DUMPNAME is
+ generated from the name of the output file, if explicitly
+ specified and it is not an executable, otherwise it is the
+ basename of the source file. These switches may have different
+ effects when `-E' is used for preprocessing.
+
+ Debug dumps can be enabled with a `-fdump-rtl' switch or some `-d'
+ option LETTERS. Here are the possible letters for use in PASS and
+ LETTERS, and their meanings:
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-alignments'
+ Dump after branch alignments have been computed.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-asmcons'
+ Dump after fixing rtl statements that have unsatisfied in/out
+ constraints.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-auto_inc_dec'
+ Dump after auto-inc-dec discovery. This pass is only run on
+ architectures that have auto inc or auto dec instructions.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-barriers'
+ Dump after cleaning up the barrier instructions.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-bbpart'
+ Dump after partitioning hot and cold basic blocks.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-bbro'
+ Dump after block reordering.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-btl1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-btl2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-btl1' and `-fdump-rtl-btl2' enable dumping after
+ the two branch target load optimization passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-bypass'
+ Dump after jump bypassing and control flow optimizations.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-combine'
+ Dump after the RTL instruction combination pass.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-compgotos'
+ Dump after duplicating the computed gotos.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-ce1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-ce2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-ce3'
+ `-fdump-rtl-ce1', `-fdump-rtl-ce2', and `-fdump-rtl-ce3'
+ enable dumping after the three if conversion passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-cprop_hardreg'
+ Dump after hard register copy propagation.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-csa'
+ Dump after combining stack adjustments.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-cse1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-cse2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-cse1' and `-fdump-rtl-cse2' enable dumping after
+ the two common sub-expression elimination passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-dce'
+ Dump after the standalone dead code elimination passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-dbr'
+ Dump after delayed branch scheduling.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-dce1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-dce2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-dce1' and `-fdump-rtl-dce2' enable dumping after
+ the two dead store elimination passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-eh'
+ Dump after finalization of EH handling code.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-eh_ranges'
+ Dump after conversion of EH handling range regions.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-expand'
+ Dump after RTL generation.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-fwprop1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-fwprop2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-fwprop1' and `-fdump-rtl-fwprop2' enable dumping
+ after the two forward propagation passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-gcse1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-gcse2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-gcse1' and `-fdump-rtl-gcse2' enable dumping
+ after global common subexpression elimination.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-init-regs'
+ Dump after the initialization of the registers.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-initvals'
+ Dump after the computation of the initial value sets.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-into_cfglayout'
+ Dump after converting to cfglayout mode.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-ira'
+ Dump after iterated register allocation.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-jump'
+ Dump after the second jump optimization.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-loop2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-loop2' enables dumping after the rtl loop
+ optimization passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-mach'
+ Dump after performing the machine dependent reorganization
+ pass, if that pass exists.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-mode_sw'
+ Dump after removing redundant mode switches.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-rnreg'
+ Dump after register renumbering.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-outof_cfglayout'
+ Dump after converting from cfglayout mode.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-peephole2'
+ Dump after the peephole pass.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-postreload'
+ Dump after post-reload optimizations.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-pro_and_epilogue'
+ Dump after generating the function pro and epilogues.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-regmove'
+ Dump after the register move pass.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-sched1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-sched2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-sched1' and `-fdump-rtl-sched2' enable dumping
+ after the basic block scheduling passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-see'
+ Dump after sign extension elimination.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-seqabstr'
+ Dump after common sequence discovery.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-shorten'
+ Dump after shortening branches.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-sibling'
+ Dump after sibling call optimizations.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-split1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-split2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-split3'
+ `-fdump-rtl-split4'
+ `-fdump-rtl-split5'
+ `-fdump-rtl-split1', `-fdump-rtl-split2',
+ `-fdump-rtl-split3', `-fdump-rtl-split4' and
+ `-fdump-rtl-split5' enable dumping after five rounds of
+ instruction splitting.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-sms'
+ Dump after modulo scheduling. This pass is only run on some
+ architectures.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-stack'
+ Dump after conversion from GCC's "flat register file"
+ registers to the x87's stack-like registers. This pass is
+ only run on x86 variants.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-subreg1'
+ `-fdump-rtl-subreg2'
+ `-fdump-rtl-subreg1' and `-fdump-rtl-subreg2' enable dumping
+ after the two subreg expansion passes.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-unshare'
+ Dump after all rtl has been unshared.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-vartrack'
+ Dump after variable tracking.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-vregs'
+ Dump after converting virtual registers to hard registers.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-web'
+ Dump after live range splitting.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-regclass'
+ `-fdump-rtl-subregs_of_mode_init'
+ `-fdump-rtl-subregs_of_mode_finish'
+ `-fdump-rtl-dfinit'
+ `-fdump-rtl-dfinish'
+ These dumps are defined but always produce empty files.
+
+ `-fdump-rtl-all'
+ Produce all the dumps listed above.
+
+ `-dA'
+ Annotate the assembler output with miscellaneous debugging
+ information.
+
+ `-dD'
+ Dump all macro definitions, at the end of preprocessing, in
+ addition to normal output.
+
+ `-dH'
+ Produce a core dump whenever an error occurs.
+
+ `-dm'
+ Print statistics on memory usage, at the end of the run, to
+ standard error.
+
+ `-dp'
+ Annotate the assembler output with a comment indicating which
+ pattern and alternative was used. The length of each
+ instruction is also printed.
+
+ `-dP'
+ Dump the RTL in the assembler output as a comment before each
+ instruction. Also turns on `-dp' annotation.
+
+ `-dv'
+ For each of the other indicated dump files
+ (`-fdump-rtl-PASS'), dump a representation of the control
+ flow graph suitable for viewing with VCG to `FILE.PASS.vcg'.
+
+ `-dx'
+ Just generate RTL for a function instead of compiling it.
+ Usually used with `-fdump-rtl-expand'.
+
+ `-dy'
+ Dump debugging information during parsing, to standard error.
+
+`-fdump-noaddr'
+ When doing debugging dumps, suppress address output. This makes
+ it more feasible to use diff on debugging dumps for compiler
+ invocations with different compiler binaries and/or different text
+ / bss / data / heap / stack / dso start locations.
+
+`-fdump-unnumbered'
+ When doing debugging dumps, suppress instruction numbers and
+ address output. This makes it more feasible to use diff on
+ debugging dumps for compiler invocations with different options,
+ in particular with and without `-g'.
+
+`-fdump-translation-unit (C++ only)'
+`-fdump-translation-unit-OPTIONS (C++ only)'
+ Dump a representation of the tree structure for the entire
+ translation unit to a file. The file name is made by appending
+ `.tu' to the source file name. If the `-OPTIONS' form is used,
+ OPTIONS controls the details of the dump as described for the
+ `-fdump-tree' options.
+
+`-fdump-class-hierarchy (C++ only)'
+`-fdump-class-hierarchy-OPTIONS (C++ only)'
+ Dump a representation of each class's hierarchy and virtual
+ function table layout to a file. The file name is made by
+ appending `.class' to the source file name. If the `-OPTIONS'
+ form is used, OPTIONS controls the details of the dump as
+ described for the `-fdump-tree' options.
+
+`-fdump-ipa-SWITCH'
+ Control the dumping at various stages of inter-procedural analysis
+ language tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending
+ a switch specific suffix to the source file name. The following
+ dumps are possible:
+
+ `all'
+ Enables all inter-procedural analysis dumps.
+
+ `cgraph'
+ Dumps information about call-graph optimization, unused
+ function removal, and inlining decisions.
+
+ `inline'
+ Dump after function inlining.
+
+
+`-fdump-statistics-OPTION'
+ Enable and control dumping of pass statistics in a separate file.
+ The file name is generated by appending a suffix ending in
+ `.statistics' to the source file name. If the `-OPTION' form is
+ used, `-stats' will cause counters to be summed over the whole
+ compilation unit while `-details' will dump every event as the
+ passes generate them. The default with no option is to sum
+ counters for each function compiled.
+
+`-fdump-tree-SWITCH'
+`-fdump-tree-SWITCH-OPTIONS'
+ Control the dumping at various stages of processing the
+ intermediate language tree to a file. The file name is generated
+ by appending a switch specific suffix to the source file name. If
+ the `-OPTIONS' form is used, OPTIONS is a list of `-' separated
+ options that control the details of the dump. Not all options are
+ applicable to all dumps, those which are not meaningful will be
+ ignored. The following options are available
+
+ `address'
+ Print the address of each node. Usually this is not
+ meaningful as it changes according to the environment and
+ source file. Its primary use is for tying up a dump file
+ with a debug environment.
+
+ `slim'
+ Inhibit dumping of members of a scope or body of a function
+ merely because that scope has been reached. Only dump such
+ items when they are directly reachable by some other path.
+ When dumping pretty-printed trees, this option inhibits
+ dumping the bodies of control structures.
+
+ `raw'
+ Print a raw representation of the tree. By default, trees are
+ pretty-printed into a C-like representation.
+
+ `details'
+ Enable more detailed dumps (not honored by every dump option).
+
+ `stats'
+ Enable dumping various statistics about the pass (not honored
+ by every dump option).
+
+ `blocks'
+ Enable showing basic block boundaries (disabled in raw dumps).
+
+ `vops'
+ Enable showing virtual operands for every statement.
+
+ `lineno'
+ Enable showing line numbers for statements.
+
+ `uid'
+ Enable showing the unique ID (`DECL_UID') for each variable.
+
+ `verbose'
+ Enable showing the tree dump for each statement.
+
+ `all'
+ Turn on all options, except `raw', `slim', `verbose' and
+ `lineno'.
+
+ The following tree dumps are possible:
+ `original'
+ Dump before any tree based optimization, to `FILE.original'.
+
+ `optimized'
+ Dump after all tree based optimization, to `FILE.optimized'.
+
+ `gimple'
+ Dump each function before and after the gimplification pass
+ to a file. The file name is made by appending `.gimple' to
+ the source file name.
+
+ `cfg'
+ Dump the control flow graph of each function to a file. The
+ file name is made by appending `.cfg' to the source file name.
+
+ `vcg'
+ Dump the control flow graph of each function to a file in VCG
+ format. The file name is made by appending `.vcg' to the
+ source file name. Note that if the file contains more than
+ one function, the generated file cannot be used directly by
+ VCG. You will need to cut and paste each function's graph
+ into its own separate file first.
+
+ `ch'
+ Dump each function after copying loop headers. The file name
+ is made by appending `.ch' to the source file name.
+
+ `ssa'
+ Dump SSA related information to a file. The file name is
+ made by appending `.ssa' to the source file name.
+
+ `alias'
+ Dump aliasing information for each function. The file name
+ is made by appending `.alias' to the source file name.
+
+ `ccp'
+ Dump each function after CCP. The file name is made by
+ appending `.ccp' to the source file name.
+
+ `storeccp'
+ Dump each function after STORE-CCP. The file name is made by
+ appending `.storeccp' to the source file name.
+
+ `pre'
+ Dump trees after partial redundancy elimination. The file
+ name is made by appending `.pre' to the source file name.
+
+ `fre'
+ Dump trees after full redundancy elimination. The file name
+ is made by appending `.fre' to the source file name.
+
+ `copyprop'
+ Dump trees after copy propagation. The file name is made by
+ appending `.copyprop' to the source file name.
+
+ `store_copyprop'
+ Dump trees after store copy-propagation. The file name is
+ made by appending `.store_copyprop' to the source file name.
+
+ `dce'
+ Dump each function after dead code elimination. The file
+ name is made by appending `.dce' to the source file name.
+
+ `mudflap'
+ Dump each function after adding mudflap instrumentation. The
+ file name is made by appending `.mudflap' to the source file
+ name.
+
+ `sra'
+ Dump each function after performing scalar replacement of
+ aggregates. The file name is made by appending `.sra' to the
+ source file name.
+
+ `sink'
+ Dump each function after performing code sinking. The file
+ name is made by appending `.sink' to the source file name.
+
+ `dom'
+ Dump each function after applying dominator tree
+ optimizations. The file name is made by appending `.dom' to
+ the source file name.
+
+ `dse'
+ Dump each function after applying dead store elimination.
+ The file name is made by appending `.dse' to the source file
+ name.
+
+ `phiopt'
+ Dump each function after optimizing PHI nodes into
+ straightline code. The file name is made by appending
+ `.phiopt' to the source file name.
+
+ `forwprop'
+ Dump each function after forward propagating single use
+ variables. The file name is made by appending `.forwprop' to
+ the source file name.
+
+ `copyrename'
+ Dump each function after applying the copy rename
+ optimization. The file name is made by appending
+ `.copyrename' to the source file name.
+
+ `nrv'
+ Dump each function after applying the named return value
+ optimization on generic trees. The file name is made by
+ appending `.nrv' to the source file name.
+
+ `vect'
+ Dump each function after applying vectorization of loops.
+ The file name is made by appending `.vect' to the source file
+ name.
+
+ `vrp'
+ Dump each function after Value Range Propagation (VRP). The
+ file name is made by appending `.vrp' to the source file name.
+
+ `all'
+ Enable all the available tree dumps with the flags provided
+ in this option.
+
+`-ftree-vectorizer-verbose=N'
+ This option controls the amount of debugging output the vectorizer
+ prints. This information is written to standard error, unless
+ `-fdump-tree-all' or `-fdump-tree-vect' is specified, in which
+ case it is output to the usual dump listing file, `.vect'. For
+ N=0 no diagnostic information is reported. If N=1 the vectorizer
+ reports each loop that got vectorized, and the total number of
+ loops that got vectorized. If N=2 the vectorizer also reports
+ non-vectorized loops that passed the first analysis phase
+ (vect_analyze_loop_form) - i.e. countable, inner-most, single-bb,
+ single-entry/exit loops. This is the same verbosity level that
+ `-fdump-tree-vect-stats' uses. Higher verbosity levels mean
+ either more information dumped for each reported loop, or same
+ amount of information reported for more loops: If N=3, alignment
+ related information is added to the reports. If N=4,
+ data-references related information (e.g. memory dependences,
+ memory access-patterns) is added to the reports. If N=5, the
+ vectorizer reports also non-vectorized inner-most loops that did
+ not pass the first analysis phase (i.e., may not be countable, or
+ may have complicated control-flow). If N=6, the vectorizer
+ reports also non-vectorized nested loops. For N=7, all the
+ information the vectorizer generates during its analysis and
+ transformation is reported. This is the same verbosity level that
+ `-fdump-tree-vect-details' uses.
+
+`-frandom-seed=STRING'
+ This option provides a seed that GCC uses when it would otherwise
+ use random numbers. It is used to generate certain symbol names
+ that have to be different in every compiled file. It is also used
+ to place unique stamps in coverage data files and the object files
+ that produce them. You can use the `-frandom-seed' option to
+ produce reproducibly identical object files.
+
+ The STRING should be different for every file you compile.
+
+`-fsched-verbose=N'
+ On targets that use instruction scheduling, this option controls
+ the amount of debugging output the scheduler prints. This
+ information is written to standard error, unless
+ `-fdump-rtl-sched1' or `-fdump-rtl-sched2' is specified, in which
+ case it is output to the usual dump listing file, `.sched' or
+ `.sched2' respectively. However for N greater than nine, the
+ output is always printed to standard error.
+
+ For N greater than zero, `-fsched-verbose' outputs the same
+ information as `-fdump-rtl-sched1' and `-fdump-rtl-sched2'. For N
+ greater than one, it also output basic block probabilities,
+ detailed ready list information and unit/insn info. For N greater
+ than two, it includes RTL at abort point, control-flow and regions
+ info. And for N over four, `-fsched-verbose' also includes
+ dependence info.
+
+`-save-temps'
+ Store the usual "temporary" intermediate files permanently; place
+ them in the current directory and name them based on the source
+ file. Thus, compiling `foo.c' with `-c -save-temps' would produce
+ files `foo.i' and `foo.s', as well as `foo.o'. This creates a
+ preprocessed `foo.i' output file even though the compiler now
+ normally uses an integrated preprocessor.
+
+ When used in combination with the `-x' command line option,
+ `-save-temps' is sensible enough to avoid over writing an input
+ source file with the same extension as an intermediate file. The
+ corresponding intermediate file may be obtained by renaming the
+ source file before using `-save-temps'.
+
+`-time'
+ Report the CPU time taken by each subprocess in the compilation
+ sequence. For C source files, this is the compiler proper and
+ assembler (plus the linker if linking is done). The output looks
+ like this:
+
+ # cc1 0.12 0.01
+ # as 0.00 0.01
+
+ The first number on each line is the "user time", that is time
+ spent executing the program itself. The second number is "system
+ time", time spent executing operating system routines on behalf of
+ the program. Both numbers are in seconds.
+
+`-fvar-tracking'
+ Run variable tracking pass. It computes where variables are
+ stored at each position in code. Better debugging information is
+ then generated (if the debugging information format supports this
+ information).
+
+ It is enabled by default when compiling with optimization (`-Os',
+ `-O', `-O2', ...), debugging information (`-g') and the debug info
+ format supports it.
+
+`-print-file-name=LIBRARY'
+ Print the full absolute name of the library file LIBRARY that
+ would be used when linking--and don't do anything else. With this
+ option, GCC does not compile or link anything; it just prints the
+ file name.
+
+`-print-multi-directory'
+ Print the directory name corresponding to the multilib selected by
+ any other switches present in the command line. This directory is
+ supposed to exist in `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'.
+
+`-print-multi-lib'
+ Print the mapping from multilib directory names to compiler
+ switches that enable them. The directory name is separated from
+ the switches by `;', and each switch starts with an `@' instead of
+ the `-', without spaces between multiple switches. This is
+ supposed to ease shell-processing.
+
+`-print-prog-name=PROGRAM'
+ Like `-print-file-name', but searches for a program such as `cpp'.
+
+`-print-libgcc-file-name'
+ Same as `-print-file-name=libgcc.a'.
+
+ This is useful when you use `-nostdlib' or `-nodefaultlibs' but
+ you do want to link with `libgcc.a'. You can do
+
+ gcc -nostdlib FILES... `gcc -print-libgcc-file-name`
+
+`-print-search-dirs'
+ Print the name of the configured installation directory and a list
+ of program and library directories `gcc' will search--and don't do
+ anything else.
+
+ This is useful when `gcc' prints the error message `installation
+ problem, cannot exec cpp0: No such file or directory'. To resolve
+ this you either need to put `cpp0' and the other compiler
+ components where `gcc' expects to find them, or you can set the
+ environment variable `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX' to the directory where you
+ installed them. Don't forget the trailing `/'. *Note Environment
+ Variables::.
+
+`-print-sysroot'
+ Print the target sysroot directory that will be used during
+ compilation. This is the target sysroot specified either at
+ configure time or using the `--sysroot' option, possibly with an
+ extra suffix that depends on compilation options. If no target
+ sysroot is specified, the option prints nothing.
+
+`-print-sysroot-headers-suffix'
+ Print the suffix added to the target sysroot when searching for
+ headers, or give an error if the compiler is not configured with
+ such a suffix--and don't do anything else.
+
+`-dumpmachine'
+ Print the compiler's target machine (for example,
+ `i686-pc-linux-gnu')--and don't do anything else.
+
+`-dumpversion'
+ Print the compiler version (for example, `3.0')--and don't do
+ anything else.
+
+`-dumpspecs'
+ Print the compiler's built-in specs--and don't do anything else.
+ (This is used when GCC itself is being built.) *Note Spec Files::.
+
+`-feliminate-unused-debug-types'
+ Normally, when producing DWARF2 output, GCC will emit debugging
+ information for all types declared in a compilation unit,
+ regardless of whether or not they are actually used in that
+ compilation unit. Sometimes this is useful, such as if, in the
+ debugger, you want to cast a value to a type that is not actually
+ used in your program (but is declared). More often, however, this
+ results in a significant amount of wasted space. With this
+ option, GCC will avoid producing debug symbol output for types
+ that are nowhere used in the source file being compiled.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Optimize Options, Next: Preprocessor Options, Prev: Debugging Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.10 Options That Control Optimization
+======================================
+
+These options control various sorts of optimizations.
+
+ Without any optimization option, the compiler's goal is to reduce the
+cost of compilation and to make debugging produce the expected results.
+Statements are independent: if you stop the program with a breakpoint
+between statements, you can then assign a new value to any variable or
+change the program counter to any other statement in the function and
+get exactly the results you would expect from the source code.
+
+ Turning on optimization flags makes the compiler attempt to improve
+the performance and/or code size at the expense of compilation time and
+possibly the ability to debug the program.
+
+ The compiler performs optimization based on the knowledge it has of the
+program. Compiling multiple files at once to a single output file mode
+allows the compiler to use information gained from all of the files
+when compiling each of them.
+
+ Not all optimizations are controlled directly by a flag. Only
+optimizations that have a flag are listed.
+
+`-O'
+`-O1'
+ Optimize. Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a
+ lot more memory for a large function.
+
+ With `-O', the compiler tries to reduce code size and execution
+ time, without performing any optimizations that take a great deal
+ of compilation time.
+
+ `-O' turns on the following optimization flags:
+ -fauto-inc-dec
+ -fcprop-registers
+ -fdce
+ -fdefer-pop
+ -fdelayed-branch
+ -fdse
+ -fguess-branch-probability
+ -fif-conversion2
+ -fif-conversion
+ -finline-small-functions
+ -fipa-pure-const
+ -fipa-reference
+ -fmerge-constants
+ -fsplit-wide-types
+ -ftree-builtin-call-dce
+ -ftree-ccp
+ -ftree-ch
+ -ftree-copyrename
+ -ftree-dce
+ -ftree-dominator-opts
+ -ftree-dse
+ -ftree-fre
+ -ftree-sra
+ -ftree-ter
+ -funit-at-a-time
+
+ `-O' also turns on `-fomit-frame-pointer' on machines where doing
+ so does not interfere with debugging.
+
+`-O2'
+ Optimize even more. GCC performs nearly all supported
+ optimizations that do not involve a space-speed tradeoff. As
+ compared to `-O', this option increases both compilation time and
+ the performance of the generated code.
+
+ `-O2' turns on all optimization flags specified by `-O'. It also
+ turns on the following optimization flags:
+ -fthread-jumps
+ -falign-functions -falign-jumps
+ -falign-loops -falign-labels
+ -fcaller-saves
+ -fcrossjumping
+ -fcse-follow-jumps -fcse-skip-blocks
+ -fdelete-null-pointer-checks
+ -fexpensive-optimizations
+ -fgcse -fgcse-lm
+ -findirect-inlining
+ -foptimize-sibling-calls
+ -fpeephole2
+ -fregmove
+ -freorder-blocks -freorder-functions
+ -frerun-cse-after-loop
+ -fsched-interblock -fsched-spec
+ -fschedule-insns -fschedule-insns2
+ -fstrict-aliasing -fstrict-overflow
+ -ftree-switch-conversion
+ -ftree-pre
+ -ftree-vrp
+
+ Please note the warning under `-fgcse' about invoking `-O2' on
+ programs that use computed gotos.
+
+`-O3'
+ Optimize yet more. `-O3' turns on all optimizations specified by
+ `-O2' and also turns on the `-finline-functions',
+ `-funswitch-loops', `-fpredictive-commoning',
+ `-fgcse-after-reload' and `-ftree-vectorize' options.
+
+`-O0'
+ Reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected
+ results. This is the default.
+
+`-Os'
+ Optimize for size. `-Os' enables all `-O2' optimizations that do
+ not typically increase code size. It also performs further
+ optimizations designed to reduce code size.
+
+ `-Os' disables the following optimization flags:
+ -falign-functions -falign-jumps -falign-loops
+ -falign-labels -freorder-blocks -freorder-blocks-and-partition
+ -fprefetch-loop-arrays -ftree-vect-loop-version
+
+ If you use multiple `-O' options, with or without level numbers,
+ the last such option is the one that is effective.
+
+ Options of the form `-fFLAG' specify machine-independent flags. Most
+flags have both positive and negative forms; the negative form of
+`-ffoo' would be `-fno-foo'. In the table below, only one of the forms
+is listed--the one you typically will use. You can figure out the
+other form by either removing `no-' or adding it.
+
+ The following options control specific optimizations. They are either
+activated by `-O' options or are related to ones that are. You can use
+the following flags in the rare cases when "fine-tuning" of
+optimizations to be performed is desired.
+
+`-fno-default-inline'
+ Do not make member functions inline by default merely because they
+ are defined inside the class scope (C++ only). Otherwise, when
+ you specify `-O', member functions defined inside class scope are
+ compiled inline by default; i.e., you don't need to add `inline'
+ in front of the member function name.
+
+`-fno-defer-pop'
+ Always pop the arguments to each function call as soon as that
+ function returns. For machines which must pop arguments after a
+ function call, the compiler normally lets arguments accumulate on
+ the stack for several function calls and pops them all at once.
+
+ Disabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fforward-propagate'
+ Perform a forward propagation pass on RTL. The pass tries to
+ combine two instructions and checks if the result can be
+ simplified. If loop unrolling is active, two passes are performed
+ and the second is scheduled after loop unrolling.
+
+ This option is enabled by default at optimization levels `-O2',
+ `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fomit-frame-pointer'
+ Don't keep the frame pointer in a register for functions that
+ don't need one. This avoids the instructions to save, set up and
+ restore frame pointers; it also makes an extra register available
+ in many functions. *It also makes debugging impossible on some
+ machines.*
+
+ On some machines, such as the VAX, this flag has no effect, because
+ the standard calling sequence automatically handles the frame
+ pointer and nothing is saved by pretending it doesn't exist. The
+ machine-description macro `FRAME_POINTER_REQUIRED' controls
+ whether a target machine supports this flag. *Note Register
+ Usage: (gccint)Registers.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-foptimize-sibling-calls'
+ Optimize sibling and tail recursive calls.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fno-inline'
+ Don't pay attention to the `inline' keyword. Normally this option
+ is used to keep the compiler from expanding any functions inline.
+ Note that if you are not optimizing, no functions can be expanded
+ inline.
+
+`-finline-small-functions'
+ Integrate functions into their callers when their body is smaller
+ than expected function call code (so overall size of program gets
+ smaller). The compiler heuristically decides which functions are
+ simple enough to be worth integrating in this way.
+
+ Enabled at level `-O2'.
+
+`-findirect-inlining'
+ Inline also indirect calls that are discovered to be known at
+ compile time thanks to previous inlining. This option has any
+ effect only when inlining itself is turned on by the
+ `-finline-functions' or `-finline-small-functions' options.
+
+ Enabled at level `-O2'.
+
+`-finline-functions'
+ Integrate all simple functions into their callers. The compiler
+ heuristically decides which functions are simple enough to be worth
+ integrating in this way.
+
+ If all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function
+ is declared `static', then the function is normally not output as
+ assembler code in its own right.
+
+ Enabled at level `-O3'.
+
+`-finline-functions-called-once'
+ Consider all `static' functions called once for inlining into their
+ caller even if they are not marked `inline'. If a call to a given
+ function is integrated, then the function is not output as
+ assembler code in its own right.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O1', `-O2', `-O3' and `-Os'.
+
+`-fearly-inlining'
+ Inline functions marked by `always_inline' and functions whose
+ body seems smaller than the function call overhead early before
+ doing `-fprofile-generate' instrumentation and real inlining pass.
+ Doing so makes profiling significantly cheaper and usually
+ inlining faster on programs having large chains of nested wrapper
+ functions.
+
+ Enabled by default.
+
+`-finline-limit=N'
+ By default, GCC limits the size of functions that can be inlined.
+ This flag allows coarse control of this limit. N is the size of
+ functions that can be inlined in number of pseudo instructions.
+
+ Inlining is actually controlled by a number of parameters, which
+ may be specified individually by using `--param NAME=VALUE'. The
+ `-finline-limit=N' option sets some of these parameters as follows:
+
+ `max-inline-insns-single'
+ is set to N/2.
+
+ `max-inline-insns-auto'
+ is set to N/2.
+
+ See below for a documentation of the individual parameters
+ controlling inlining and for the defaults of these parameters.
+
+ _Note:_ there may be no value to `-finline-limit' that results in
+ default behavior.
+
+ _Note:_ pseudo instruction represents, in this particular context,
+ an abstract measurement of function's size. In no way does it
+ represent a count of assembly instructions and as such its exact
+ meaning might change from one release to an another.
+
+`-fkeep-inline-functions'
+ In C, emit `static' functions that are declared `inline' into the
+ object file, even if the function has been inlined into all of its
+ callers. This switch does not affect functions using the `extern
+ inline' extension in GNU C89. In C++, emit any and all inline
+ functions into the object file.
+
+`-fkeep-static-consts'
+ Emit variables declared `static const' when optimization isn't
+ turned on, even if the variables aren't referenced.
+
+ GCC enables this option by default. If you want to force the
+ compiler to check if the variable was referenced, regardless of
+ whether or not optimization is turned on, use the
+ `-fno-keep-static-consts' option.
+
+`-fmerge-constants'
+ Attempt to merge identical constants (string constants and
+ floating point constants) across compilation units.
+
+ This option is the default for optimized compilation if the
+ assembler and linker support it. Use `-fno-merge-constants' to
+ inhibit this behavior.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fmerge-all-constants'
+ Attempt to merge identical constants and identical variables.
+
+ This option implies `-fmerge-constants'. In addition to
+ `-fmerge-constants' this considers e.g. even constant initialized
+ arrays or initialized constant variables with integral or floating
+ point types. Languages like C or C++ require each variable,
+ including multiple instances of the same variable in recursive
+ calls, to have distinct locations, so using this option will
+ result in non-conforming behavior.
+
+`-fmodulo-sched'
+ Perform swing modulo scheduling immediately before the first
+ scheduling pass. This pass looks at innermost loops and reorders
+ their instructions by overlapping different iterations.
+
+`-fmodulo-sched-allow-regmoves'
+ Perform more aggressive SMS based modulo scheduling with register
+ moves allowed. By setting this flag certain anti-dependences
+ edges will be deleted which will trigger the generation of
+ reg-moves based on the life-range analysis. This option is
+ effective only with `-fmodulo-sched' enabled.
+
+`-fno-branch-count-reg'
+ Do not use "decrement and branch" instructions on a count register,
+ but instead generate a sequence of instructions that decrement a
+ register, compare it against zero, then branch based upon the
+ result. This option is only meaningful on architectures that
+ support such instructions, which include x86, PowerPC, IA-64 and
+ S/390.
+
+ The default is `-fbranch-count-reg'.
+
+`-fno-function-cse'
+ Do not put function addresses in registers; make each instruction
+ that calls a constant function contain the function's address
+ explicitly.
+
+ This option results in less efficient code, but some strange hacks
+ that alter the assembler output may be confused by the
+ optimizations performed when this option is not used.
+
+ The default is `-ffunction-cse'
+
+`-fno-zero-initialized-in-bss'
+ If the target supports a BSS section, GCC by default puts
+ variables that are initialized to zero into BSS. This can save
+ space in the resulting code.
+
+ This option turns off this behavior because some programs
+ explicitly rely on variables going to the data section. E.g., so
+ that the resulting executable can find the beginning of that
+ section and/or make assumptions based on that.
+
+ The default is `-fzero-initialized-in-bss'.
+
+`-fmudflap -fmudflapth -fmudflapir'
+ For front-ends that support it (C and C++), instrument all risky
+ pointer/array dereferencing operations, some standard library
+ string/heap functions, and some other associated constructs with
+ range/validity tests. Modules so instrumented should be immune to
+ buffer overflows, invalid heap use, and some other classes of C/C++
+ programming errors. The instrumentation relies on a separate
+ runtime library (`libmudflap'), which will be linked into a
+ program if `-fmudflap' is given at link time. Run-time behavior
+ of the instrumented program is controlled by the `MUDFLAP_OPTIONS'
+ environment variable. See `env MUDFLAP_OPTIONS=-help a.out' for
+ its options.
+
+ Use `-fmudflapth' instead of `-fmudflap' to compile and to link if
+ your program is multi-threaded. Use `-fmudflapir', in addition to
+ `-fmudflap' or `-fmudflapth', if instrumentation should ignore
+ pointer reads. This produces less instrumentation (and therefore
+ faster execution) and still provides some protection against
+ outright memory corrupting writes, but allows erroneously read
+ data to propagate within a program.
+
+`-fthread-jumps'
+ Perform optimizations where we check to see if a jump branches to a
+ location where another comparison subsumed by the first is found.
+ If so, the first branch is redirected to either the destination of
+ the second branch or a point immediately following it, depending
+ on whether the condition is known to be true or false.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fsplit-wide-types'
+ When using a type that occupies multiple registers, such as `long
+ long' on a 32-bit system, split the registers apart and allocate
+ them independently. This normally generates better code for those
+ types, but may make debugging more difficult.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fcse-follow-jumps'
+ In common subexpression elimination (CSE), scan through jump
+ instructions when the target of the jump is not reached by any
+ other path. For example, when CSE encounters an `if' statement
+ with an `else' clause, CSE will follow the jump when the condition
+ tested is false.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fcse-skip-blocks'
+ This is similar to `-fcse-follow-jumps', but causes CSE to follow
+ jumps which conditionally skip over blocks. When CSE encounters a
+ simple `if' statement with no else clause, `-fcse-skip-blocks'
+ causes CSE to follow the jump around the body of the `if'.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-frerun-cse-after-loop'
+ Re-run common subexpression elimination after loop optimizations
+ has been performed.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fgcse'
+ Perform a global common subexpression elimination pass. This pass
+ also performs global constant and copy propagation.
+
+ _Note:_ When compiling a program using computed gotos, a GCC
+ extension, you may get better runtime performance if you disable
+ the global common subexpression elimination pass by adding
+ `-fno-gcse' to the command line.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fgcse-lm'
+ When `-fgcse-lm' is enabled, global common subexpression
+ elimination will attempt to move loads which are only killed by
+ stores into themselves. This allows a loop containing a
+ load/store sequence to be changed to a load outside the loop, and
+ a copy/store within the loop.
+
+ Enabled by default when gcse is enabled.
+
+`-fgcse-sm'
+ When `-fgcse-sm' is enabled, a store motion pass is run after
+ global common subexpression elimination. This pass will attempt
+ to move stores out of loops. When used in conjunction with
+ `-fgcse-lm', loops containing a load/store sequence can be changed
+ to a load before the loop and a store after the loop.
+
+ Not enabled at any optimization level.
+
+`-fgcse-las'
+ When `-fgcse-las' is enabled, the global common subexpression
+ elimination pass eliminates redundant loads that come after stores
+ to the same memory location (both partial and full redundancies).
+
+ Not enabled at any optimization level.
+
+`-fgcse-after-reload'
+ When `-fgcse-after-reload' is enabled, a redundant load elimination
+ pass is performed after reload. The purpose of this pass is to
+ cleanup redundant spilling.
+
+`-funsafe-loop-optimizations'
+ If given, the loop optimizer will assume that loop indices do not
+ overflow, and that the loops with nontrivial exit condition are not
+ infinite. This enables a wider range of loop optimizations even if
+ the loop optimizer itself cannot prove that these assumptions are
+ valid. Using `-Wunsafe-loop-optimizations', the compiler will
+ warn you if it finds this kind of loop.
+
+`-fcrossjumping'
+ Perform cross-jumping transformation. This transformation unifies
+ equivalent code and save code size. The resulting code may or may
+ not perform better than without cross-jumping.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fauto-inc-dec'
+ Combine increments or decrements of addresses with memory accesses.
+ This pass is always skipped on architectures that do not have
+ instructions to support this. Enabled by default at `-O' and
+ higher on architectures that support this.
+
+`-fdce'
+ Perform dead code elimination (DCE) on RTL. Enabled by default at
+ `-O' and higher.
+
+`-fdse'
+ Perform dead store elimination (DSE) on RTL. Enabled by default
+ at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-fif-conversion'
+ Attempt to transform conditional jumps into branch-less
+ equivalents. This include use of conditional moves, min, max, set
+ flags and abs instructions, and some tricks doable by standard
+ arithmetics. The use of conditional execution on chips where it
+ is available is controlled by `if-conversion2'.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fif-conversion2'
+ Use conditional execution (where available) to transform
+ conditional jumps into branch-less equivalents.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fdelete-null-pointer-checks'
+ Use global dataflow analysis to identify and eliminate useless
+ checks for null pointers. The compiler assumes that dereferencing
+ a null pointer would have halted the program. If a pointer is
+ checked after it has already been dereferenced, it cannot be null.
+
+ In some environments, this assumption is not true, and programs can
+ safely dereference null pointers. Use
+ `-fno-delete-null-pointer-checks' to disable this optimization for
+ programs which depend on that behavior.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fexpensive-optimizations'
+ Perform a number of minor optimizations that are relatively
+ expensive.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-foptimize-register-move'
+`-fregmove'
+ Attempt to reassign register numbers in move instructions and as
+ operands of other simple instructions in order to maximize the
+ amount of register tying. This is especially helpful on machines
+ with two-operand instructions.
+
+ Note `-fregmove' and `-foptimize-register-move' are the same
+ optimization.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fira-algorithm=ALGORITHM'
+ Use specified coloring algorithm for the integrated register
+ allocator. The ALGORITHM argument should be `priority' or `CB'.
+ The first algorithm specifies Chow's priority coloring, the second
+ one specifies Chaitin-Briggs coloring. The second algorithm can
+ be unimplemented for some architectures. If it is implemented, it
+ is the default because Chaitin-Briggs coloring as a rule generates
+ a better code.
+
+`-fira-region=REGION'
+ Use specified regions for the integrated register allocator. The
+ REGION argument should be one of `all', `mixed', or `one'. The
+ first value means using all loops as register allocation regions,
+ the second value which is the default means using all loops except
+ for loops with small register pressure as the regions, and third
+ one means using all function as a single region. The first value
+ can give best result for machines with small size and irregular
+ register set, the third one results in faster and generates decent
+ code and the smallest size code, and the default value usually
+ give the best results in most cases and for most architectures.
+
+`-fira-coalesce'
+ Do optimistic register coalescing. This option might be
+ profitable for architectures with big regular register files.
+
+`-fno-ira-share-save-slots'
+ Switch off sharing stack slots used for saving call used hard
+ registers living through a call. Each hard register will get a
+ separate stack slot and as a result function stack frame will be
+ bigger.
+
+`-fno-ira-share-spill-slots'
+ Switch off sharing stack slots allocated for pseudo-registers.
+ Each pseudo-register which did not get a hard register will get a
+ separate stack slot and as a result function stack frame will be
+ bigger.
+
+`-fira-verbose=N'
+ Set up how verbose dump file for the integrated register allocator
+ will be. Default value is 5. If the value is greater or equal to
+ 10, the dump file will be stderr as if the value were N minus 10.
+
+`-fdelayed-branch'
+ If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder
+ instructions to exploit instruction slots available after delayed
+ branch instructions.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fschedule-insns'
+ If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder
+ instructions to eliminate execution stalls due to required data
+ being unavailable. This helps machines that have slow floating
+ point or memory load instructions by allowing other instructions
+ to be issued until the result of the load or floating point
+ instruction is required.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fschedule-insns2'
+ Similar to `-fschedule-insns', but requests an additional pass of
+ instruction scheduling after register allocation has been done.
+ This is especially useful on machines with a relatively small
+ number of registers and where memory load instructions take more
+ than one cycle.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fno-sched-interblock'
+ Don't schedule instructions across basic blocks. This is normally
+ enabled by default when scheduling before register allocation, i.e.
+ with `-fschedule-insns' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fno-sched-spec'
+ Don't allow speculative motion of non-load instructions. This is
+ normally enabled by default when scheduling before register
+ allocation, i.e. with `-fschedule-insns' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fsched-spec-load'
+ Allow speculative motion of some load instructions. This only
+ makes sense when scheduling before register allocation, i.e. with
+ `-fschedule-insns' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fsched-spec-load-dangerous'
+ Allow speculative motion of more load instructions. This only
+ makes sense when scheduling before register allocation, i.e. with
+ `-fschedule-insns' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fsched-stalled-insns'
+`-fsched-stalled-insns=N'
+ Define how many insns (if any) can be moved prematurely from the
+ queue of stalled insns into the ready list, during the second
+ scheduling pass. `-fno-sched-stalled-insns' means that no insns
+ will be moved prematurely, `-fsched-stalled-insns=0' means there
+ is no limit on how many queued insns can be moved prematurely.
+ `-fsched-stalled-insns' without a value is equivalent to
+ `-fsched-stalled-insns=1'.
+
+`-fsched-stalled-insns-dep'
+`-fsched-stalled-insns-dep=N'
+ Define how many insn groups (cycles) will be examined for a
+ dependency on a stalled insn that is candidate for premature
+ removal from the queue of stalled insns. This has an effect only
+ during the second scheduling pass, and only if
+ `-fsched-stalled-insns' is used. `-fno-sched-stalled-insns-dep'
+ is equivalent to `-fsched-stalled-insns-dep=0'.
+ `-fsched-stalled-insns-dep' without a value is equivalent to
+ `-fsched-stalled-insns-dep=1'.
+
+`-fsched2-use-superblocks'
+ When scheduling after register allocation, do use superblock
+ scheduling algorithm. Superblock scheduling allows motion across
+ basic block boundaries resulting on faster schedules. This option
+ is experimental, as not all machine descriptions used by GCC model
+ the CPU closely enough to avoid unreliable results from the
+ algorithm.
+
+ This only makes sense when scheduling after register allocation,
+ i.e. with `-fschedule-insns2' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fsched2-use-traces'
+ Use `-fsched2-use-superblocks' algorithm when scheduling after
+ register allocation and additionally perform code duplication in
+ order to increase the size of superblocks using tracer pass. See
+ `-ftracer' for details on trace formation.
+
+ This mode should produce faster but significantly longer programs.
+ Also without `-fbranch-probabilities' the traces constructed may
+ not match the reality and hurt the performance. This only makes
+ sense when scheduling after register allocation, i.e. with
+ `-fschedule-insns2' or at `-O2' or higher.
+
+`-fsee'
+ Eliminate redundant sign extension instructions and move the
+ non-redundant ones to optimal placement using lazy code motion
+ (LCM).
+
+`-freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops'
+ The modulo scheduling comes before the traditional scheduling, if
+ a loop was modulo scheduled we may want to prevent the later
+ scheduling passes from changing its schedule, we use this option
+ to control that.
+
+`-fselective-scheduling'
+ Schedule instructions using selective scheduling algorithm.
+ Selective scheduling runs instead of the first scheduler pass.
+
+`-fselective-scheduling2'
+ Schedule instructions using selective scheduling algorithm.
+ Selective scheduling runs instead of the second scheduler pass.
+
+`-fsel-sched-pipelining'
+ Enable software pipelining of innermost loops during selective
+ scheduling. This option has no effect until one of
+ `-fselective-scheduling' or `-fselective-scheduling2' is turned on.
+
+`-fsel-sched-pipelining-outer-loops'
+ When pipelining loops during selective scheduling, also pipeline
+ outer loops. This option has no effect until
+ `-fsel-sched-pipelining' is turned on.
+
+`-fcaller-saves'
+ Enable values to be allocated in registers that will be clobbered
+ by function calls, by emitting extra instructions to save and
+ restore the registers around such calls. Such allocation is done
+ only when it seems to result in better code than would otherwise
+ be produced.
+
+ This option is always enabled by default on certain machines,
+ usually those which have no call-preserved registers to use
+ instead.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fconserve-stack'
+ Attempt to minimize stack usage. The compiler will attempt to use
+ less stack space, even if that makes the program slower. This
+ option implies setting the `large-stack-frame' parameter to 100
+ and the `large-stack-frame-growth' parameter to 400.
+
+`-ftree-reassoc'
+ Perform reassociation on trees. This flag is enabled by default
+ at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-pre'
+ Perform partial redundancy elimination (PRE) on trees. This flag
+ is enabled by default at `-O2' and `-O3'.
+
+`-ftree-fre'
+ Perform full redundancy elimination (FRE) on trees. The difference
+ between FRE and PRE is that FRE only considers expressions that
+ are computed on all paths leading to the redundant computation.
+ This analysis is faster than PRE, though it exposes fewer
+ redundancies. This flag is enabled by default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-copy-prop'
+ Perform copy propagation on trees. This pass eliminates
+ unnecessary copy operations. This flag is enabled by default at
+ `-O' and higher.
+
+`-fipa-pure-const'
+ Discover which functions are pure or constant. Enabled by default
+ at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-fipa-reference'
+ Discover which static variables do not escape cannot escape the
+ compilation unit. Enabled by default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-fipa-struct-reorg'
+ Perform structure reorganization optimization, that change C-like
+ structures layout in order to better utilize spatial locality.
+ This transformation is affective for programs containing arrays of
+ structures. Available in two compilation modes: profile-based
+ (enabled with `-fprofile-generate') or static (which uses built-in
+ heuristics). Require `-fipa-type-escape' to provide the safety of
+ this transformation. It works only in whole program mode, so it
+ requires `-fwhole-program' and `-combine' to be enabled.
+ Structures considered `cold' by this transformation are not
+ affected (see `--param struct-reorg-cold-struct-ratio=VALUE').
+
+ With this flag, the program debug info reflects a new structure
+ layout.
+
+`-fipa-pta'
+ Perform interprocedural pointer analysis. This option is
+ experimental and does not affect generated code.
+
+`-fipa-cp'
+ Perform interprocedural constant propagation. This optimization
+ analyzes the program to determine when values passed to functions
+ are constants and then optimizes accordingly. This optimization
+ can substantially increase performance if the application has
+ constants passed to functions. This flag is enabled by default at
+ `-O2', `-Os' and `-O3'.
+
+`-fipa-cp-clone'
+ Perform function cloning to make interprocedural constant
+ propagation stronger. When enabled, interprocedural constant
+ propagation will perform function cloning when externally visible
+ function can be called with constant arguments. Because this
+ optimization can create multiple copies of functions, it may
+ significantly increase code size (see `--param
+ ipcp-unit-growth=VALUE'). This flag is enabled by default at
+ `-O3'.
+
+`-fipa-matrix-reorg'
+ Perform matrix flattening and transposing. Matrix flattening
+ tries to replace a m-dimensional matrix with its equivalent
+ n-dimensional matrix, where n < m. This reduces the level of
+ indirection needed for accessing the elements of the matrix. The
+ second optimization is matrix transposing that attempts to change
+ the order of the matrix's dimensions in order to improve cache
+ locality. Both optimizations need the `-fwhole-program' flag.
+ Transposing is enabled only if profiling information is available.
+
+`-ftree-sink'
+ Perform forward store motion on trees. This flag is enabled by
+ default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-ccp'
+ Perform sparse conditional constant propagation (CCP) on trees.
+ This pass only operates on local scalar variables and is enabled
+ by default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-switch-conversion'
+ Perform conversion of simple initializations in a switch to
+ initializations from a scalar array. This flag is enabled by
+ default at `-O2' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-dce'
+ Perform dead code elimination (DCE) on trees. This flag is
+ enabled by default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-builtin-call-dce'
+ Perform conditional dead code elimination (DCE) for calls to
+ builtin functions that may set `errno' but are otherwise
+ side-effect free. This flag is enabled by default at `-O2' and
+ higher if `-Os' is not also specified.
+
+`-ftree-dominator-opts'
+ Perform a variety of simple scalar cleanups (constant/copy
+ propagation, redundancy elimination, range propagation and
+ expression simplification) based on a dominator tree traversal.
+ This also performs jump threading (to reduce jumps to jumps). This
+ flag is enabled by default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-dse'
+ Perform dead store elimination (DSE) on trees. A dead store is a
+ store into a memory location which will later be overwritten by
+ another store without any intervening loads. In this case the
+ earlier store can be deleted. This flag is enabled by default at
+ `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-ch'
+ Perform loop header copying on trees. This is beneficial since it
+ increases effectiveness of code motion optimizations. It also
+ saves one jump. This flag is enabled by default at `-O' and
+ higher. It is not enabled for `-Os', since it usually increases
+ code size.
+
+`-ftree-loop-optimize'
+ Perform loop optimizations on trees. This flag is enabled by
+ default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-loop-linear'
+ Perform linear loop transformations on tree. This flag can
+ improve cache performance and allow further loop optimizations to
+ take place.
+
+`-floop-interchange'
+ Perform loop interchange transformations on loops. Interchanging
+ two nested loops switches the inner and outer loops. For example,
+ given a loop like:
+ DO J = 1, M
+ DO I = 1, N
+ A(J, I) = A(J, I) * C
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ loop interchange will transform the loop as if the user had
+ written:
+ DO I = 1, N
+ DO J = 1, M
+ A(J, I) = A(J, I) * C
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ which can be beneficial when `N' is larger than the caches,
+ because in Fortran, the elements of an array are stored in memory
+ contiguously by column, and the original loop iterates over rows,
+ potentially creating at each access a cache miss. This
+ optimization applies to all the languages supported by GCC and is
+ not limited to Fortran. To use this code transformation, GCC has
+ to be configured with `--with-ppl' and `--with-cloog' to enable the
+ Graphite loop transformation infrastructure.
+
+`-floop-strip-mine'
+ Perform loop strip mining transformations on loops. Strip mining
+ splits a loop into two nested loops. The outer loop has strides
+ equal to the strip size and the inner loop has strides of the
+ original loop within a strip. For example, given a loop like:
+ DO I = 1, N
+ A(I) = A(I) + C
+ ENDDO
+ loop strip mining will transform the loop as if the user had
+ written:
+ DO II = 1, N, 4
+ DO I = II, min (II + 3, N)
+ A(I) = A(I) + C
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ This optimization applies to all the languages supported by GCC
+ and is not limited to Fortran. To use this code transformation,
+ GCC has to be configured with `--with-ppl' and `--with-cloog' to
+ enable the Graphite loop transformation infrastructure.
+
+`-floop-block'
+ Perform loop blocking transformations on loops. Blocking strip
+ mines each loop in the loop nest such that the memory accesses of
+ the element loops fit inside caches. For example, given a loop
+ like:
+ DO I = 1, N
+ DO J = 1, M
+ A(J, I) = B(I) + C(J)
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ loop blocking will transform the loop as if the user had written:
+ DO II = 1, N, 64
+ DO JJ = 1, M, 64
+ DO I = II, min (II + 63, N)
+ DO J = JJ, min (JJ + 63, M)
+ A(J, I) = B(I) + C(J)
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ ENDDO
+ which can be beneficial when `M' is larger than the caches,
+ because the innermost loop will iterate over a smaller amount of
+ data that can be kept in the caches. This optimization applies to
+ all the languages supported by GCC and is not limited to Fortran.
+ To use this code transformation, GCC has to be configured with
+ `--with-ppl' and `--with-cloog' to enable the Graphite loop
+ transformation infrastructure.
+
+`-fcheck-data-deps'
+ Compare the results of several data dependence analyzers. This
+ option is used for debugging the data dependence analyzers.
+
+`-ftree-loop-distribution'
+ Perform loop distribution. This flag can improve cache
+ performance on big loop bodies and allow further loop
+ optimizations, like parallelization or vectorization, to take
+ place. For example, the loop
+ DO I = 1, N
+ A(I) = B(I) + C
+ D(I) = E(I) * F
+ ENDDO
+ is transformed to
+ DO I = 1, N
+ A(I) = B(I) + C
+ ENDDO
+ DO I = 1, N
+ D(I) = E(I) * F
+ ENDDO
+
+`-ftree-loop-im'
+ Perform loop invariant motion on trees. This pass moves only
+ invariants that would be hard to handle at RTL level (function
+ calls, operations that expand to nontrivial sequences of insns).
+ With `-funswitch-loops' it also moves operands of conditions that
+ are invariant out of the loop, so that we can use just trivial
+ invariantness analysis in loop unswitching. The pass also includes
+ store motion.
+
+`-ftree-loop-ivcanon'
+ Create a canonical counter for number of iterations in the loop
+ for that determining number of iterations requires complicated
+ analysis. Later optimizations then may determine the number
+ easily. Useful especially in connection with unrolling.
+
+`-fivopts'
+ Perform induction variable optimizations (strength reduction,
+ induction variable merging and induction variable elimination) on
+ trees.
+
+`-ftree-parallelize-loops=n'
+ Parallelize loops, i.e., split their iteration space to run in n
+ threads. This is only possible for loops whose iterations are
+ independent and can be arbitrarily reordered. The optimization is
+ only profitable on multiprocessor machines, for loops that are
+ CPU-intensive, rather than constrained e.g. by memory bandwidth.
+ This option implies `-pthread', and thus is only supported on
+ targets that have support for `-pthread'.
+
+`-ftree-sra'
+ Perform scalar replacement of aggregates. This pass replaces
+ structure references with scalars to prevent committing structures
+ to memory too early. This flag is enabled by default at `-O' and
+ higher.
+
+`-ftree-copyrename'
+ Perform copy renaming on trees. This pass attempts to rename
+ compiler temporaries to other variables at copy locations, usually
+ resulting in variable names which more closely resemble the
+ original variables. This flag is enabled by default at `-O' and
+ higher.
+
+`-ftree-ter'
+ Perform temporary expression replacement during the SSA->normal
+ phase. Single use/single def temporaries are replaced at their
+ use location with their defining expression. This results in
+ non-GIMPLE code, but gives the expanders much more complex trees
+ to work on resulting in better RTL generation. This is enabled by
+ default at `-O' and higher.
+
+`-ftree-vectorize'
+ Perform loop vectorization on trees. This flag is enabled by
+ default at `-O3'.
+
+`-ftree-vect-loop-version'
+ Perform loop versioning when doing loop vectorization on trees.
+ When a loop appears to be vectorizable except that data alignment
+ or data dependence cannot be determined at compile time then
+ vectorized and non-vectorized versions of the loop are generated
+ along with runtime checks for alignment or dependence to control
+ which version is executed. This option is enabled by default
+ except at level `-Os' where it is disabled.
+
+`-fvect-cost-model'
+ Enable cost model for vectorization.
+
+`-ftree-vrp'
+ Perform Value Range Propagation on trees. This is similar to the
+ constant propagation pass, but instead of values, ranges of values
+ are propagated. This allows the optimizers to remove unnecessary
+ range checks like array bound checks and null pointer checks.
+ This is enabled by default at `-O2' and higher. Null pointer check
+ elimination is only done if `-fdelete-null-pointer-checks' is
+ enabled.
+
+`-ftracer'
+ Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This
+ transformation simplifies the control flow of the function
+ allowing other optimizations to do better job.
+
+`-funroll-loops'
+ Unroll loops whose number of iterations can be determined at
+ compile time or upon entry to the loop. `-funroll-loops' implies
+ `-frerun-cse-after-loop'. This option makes code larger, and may
+ or may not make it run faster.
+
+`-funroll-all-loops'
+ Unroll all loops, even if their number of iterations is uncertain
+ when the loop is entered. This usually makes programs run more
+ slowly. `-funroll-all-loops' implies the same options as
+ `-funroll-loops',
+
+`-fsplit-ivs-in-unroller'
+ Enables expressing of values of induction variables in later
+ iterations of the unrolled loop using the value in the first
+ iteration. This breaks long dependency chains, thus improving
+ efficiency of the scheduling passes.
+
+ Combination of `-fweb' and CSE is often sufficient to obtain the
+ same effect. However in cases the loop body is more complicated
+ than a single basic block, this is not reliable. It also does not
+ work at all on some of the architectures due to restrictions in
+ the CSE pass.
+
+ This optimization is enabled by default.
+
+`-fvariable-expansion-in-unroller'
+ With this option, the compiler will create multiple copies of some
+ local variables when unrolling a loop which can result in superior
+ code.
+
+`-fpredictive-commoning'
+ Perform predictive commoning optimization, i.e., reusing
+ computations (especially memory loads and stores) performed in
+ previous iterations of loops.
+
+ This option is enabled at level `-O3'.
+
+`-fprefetch-loop-arrays'
+ If supported by the target machine, generate instructions to
+ prefetch memory to improve the performance of loops that access
+ large arrays.
+
+ This option may generate better or worse code; results are highly
+ dependent on the structure of loops within the source code.
+
+ Disabled at level `-Os'.
+
+`-fno-peephole'
+`-fno-peephole2'
+ Disable any machine-specific peephole optimizations. The
+ difference between `-fno-peephole' and `-fno-peephole2' is in how
+ they are implemented in the compiler; some targets use one, some
+ use the other, a few use both.
+
+ `-fpeephole' is enabled by default. `-fpeephole2' enabled at
+ levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fno-guess-branch-probability'
+ Do not guess branch probabilities using heuristics.
+
+ GCC will use heuristics to guess branch probabilities if they are
+ not provided by profiling feedback (`-fprofile-arcs'). These
+ heuristics are based on the control flow graph. If some branch
+ probabilities are specified by `__builtin_expect', then the
+ heuristics will be used to guess branch probabilities for the rest
+ of the control flow graph, taking the `__builtin_expect' info into
+ account. The interactions between the heuristics and
+ `__builtin_expect' can be complex, and in some cases, it may be
+ useful to disable the heuristics so that the effects of
+ `__builtin_expect' are easier to understand.
+
+ The default is `-fguess-branch-probability' at levels `-O', `-O2',
+ `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-freorder-blocks'
+ Reorder basic blocks in the compiled function in order to reduce
+ number of taken branches and improve code locality.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3'.
+
+`-freorder-blocks-and-partition'
+ In addition to reordering basic blocks in the compiled function,
+ in order to reduce number of taken branches, partitions hot and
+ cold basic blocks into separate sections of the assembly and .o
+ files, to improve paging and cache locality performance.
+
+ This optimization is automatically turned off in the presence of
+ exception handling, for linkonce sections, for functions with a
+ user-defined section attribute and on any architecture that does
+ not support named sections.
+
+`-freorder-functions'
+ Reorder functions in the object file in order to improve code
+ locality. This is implemented by using special subsections
+ `.text.hot' for most frequently executed functions and
+ `.text.unlikely' for unlikely executed functions. Reordering is
+ done by the linker so object file format must support named
+ sections and linker must place them in a reasonable way.
+
+ Also profile feedback must be available in to make this option
+ effective. See `-fprofile-arcs' for details.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fstrict-aliasing'
+ Allow the compiler to assume the strictest aliasing rules
+ applicable to the language being compiled. For C (and C++), this
+ activates optimizations based on the type of expressions. In
+ particular, an object of one type is assumed never to reside at
+ the same address as an object of a different type, unless the
+ types are almost the same. For example, an `unsigned int' can
+ alias an `int', but not a `void*' or a `double'. A character type
+ may alias any other type.
+
+ Pay special attention to code like this:
+ union a_union {
+ int i;
+ double d;
+ };
+
+ int f() {
+ union a_union t;
+ t.d = 3.0;
+ return t.i;
+ }
+ The practice of reading from a different union member than the one
+ most recently written to (called "type-punning") is common. Even
+ with `-fstrict-aliasing', type-punning is allowed, provided the
+ memory is accessed through the union type. So, the code above
+ will work as expected. *Note Structures unions enumerations and
+ bit-fields implementation::. However, this code might not:
+ int f() {
+ union a_union t;
+ int* ip;
+ t.d = 3.0;
+ ip = &t.i;
+ return *ip;
+ }
+
+ Similarly, access by taking the address, casting the resulting
+ pointer and dereferencing the result has undefined behavior, even
+ if the cast uses a union type, e.g.:
+ int f() {
+ double d = 3.0;
+ return ((union a_union *) &d)->i;
+ }
+
+ The `-fstrict-aliasing' option is enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3',
+ `-Os'.
+
+`-fstrict-overflow'
+ Allow the compiler to assume strict signed overflow rules,
+ depending on the language being compiled. For C (and C++) this
+ means that overflow when doing arithmetic with signed numbers is
+ undefined, which means that the compiler may assume that it will
+ not happen. This permits various optimizations. For example, the
+ compiler will assume that an expression like `i + 10 > i' will
+ always be true for signed `i'. This assumption is only valid if
+ signed overflow is undefined, as the expression is false if `i +
+ 10' overflows when using twos complement arithmetic. When this
+ option is in effect any attempt to determine whether an operation
+ on signed numbers will overflow must be written carefully to not
+ actually involve overflow.
+
+ This option also allows the compiler to assume strict pointer
+ semantics: given a pointer to an object, if adding an offset to
+ that pointer does not produce a pointer to the same object, the
+ addition is undefined. This permits the compiler to conclude that
+ `p + u > p' is always true for a pointer `p' and unsigned integer
+ `u'. This assumption is only valid because pointer wraparound is
+ undefined, as the expression is false if `p + u' overflows using
+ twos complement arithmetic.
+
+ See also the `-fwrapv' option. Using `-fwrapv' means that integer
+ signed overflow is fully defined: it wraps. When `-fwrapv' is
+ used, there is no difference between `-fstrict-overflow' and
+ `-fno-strict-overflow' for integers. With `-fwrapv' certain types
+ of overflow are permitted. For example, if the compiler gets an
+ overflow when doing arithmetic on constants, the overflowed value
+ can still be used with `-fwrapv', but not otherwise.
+
+ The `-fstrict-overflow' option is enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3',
+ `-Os'.
+
+`-falign-functions'
+`-falign-functions=N'
+ Align the start of functions to the next power-of-two greater than
+ N, skipping up to N bytes. For instance, `-falign-functions=32'
+ aligns functions to the next 32-byte boundary, but
+ `-falign-functions=24' would align to the next 32-byte boundary
+ only if this can be done by skipping 23 bytes or less.
+
+ `-fno-align-functions' and `-falign-functions=1' are equivalent
+ and mean that functions will not be aligned.
+
+ Some assemblers only support this flag when N is a power of two;
+ in that case, it is rounded up.
+
+ If N is not specified or is zero, use a machine-dependent default.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3'.
+
+`-falign-labels'
+`-falign-labels=N'
+ Align all branch targets to a power-of-two boundary, skipping up to
+ N bytes like `-falign-functions'. This option can easily make
+ code slower, because it must insert dummy operations for when the
+ branch target is reached in the usual flow of the code.
+
+ `-fno-align-labels' and `-falign-labels=1' are equivalent and mean
+ that labels will not be aligned.
+
+ If `-falign-loops' or `-falign-jumps' are applicable and are
+ greater than this value, then their values are used instead.
+
+ If N is not specified or is zero, use a machine-dependent default
+ which is very likely to be `1', meaning no alignment.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3'.
+
+`-falign-loops'
+`-falign-loops=N'
+ Align loops to a power-of-two boundary, skipping up to N bytes
+ like `-falign-functions'. The hope is that the loop will be
+ executed many times, which will make up for any execution of the
+ dummy operations.
+
+ `-fno-align-loops' and `-falign-loops=1' are equivalent and mean
+ that loops will not be aligned.
+
+ If N is not specified or is zero, use a machine-dependent default.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3'.
+
+`-falign-jumps'
+`-falign-jumps=N'
+ Align branch targets to a power-of-two boundary, for branch targets
+ where the targets can only be reached by jumping, skipping up to N
+ bytes like `-falign-functions'. In this case, no dummy operations
+ need be executed.
+
+ `-fno-align-jumps' and `-falign-jumps=1' are equivalent and mean
+ that loops will not be aligned.
+
+ If N is not specified or is zero, use a machine-dependent default.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O2', `-O3'.
+
+`-funit-at-a-time'
+ This option is left for compatibility reasons. `-funit-at-a-time'
+ has no effect, while `-fno-unit-at-a-time' implies
+ `-fno-toplevel-reorder' and `-fno-section-anchors'.
+
+ Enabled by default.
+
+`-fno-toplevel-reorder'
+ Do not reorder top-level functions, variables, and `asm'
+ statements. Output them in the same order that they appear in the
+ input file. When this option is used, unreferenced static
+ variables will not be removed. This option is intended to support
+ existing code which relies on a particular ordering. For new
+ code, it is better to use attributes.
+
+ Enabled at level `-O0'. When disabled explicitly, it also imply
+ `-fno-section-anchors' that is otherwise enabled at `-O0' on some
+ targets.
+
+`-fweb'
+ Constructs webs as commonly used for register allocation purposes
+ and assign each web individual pseudo register. This allows the
+ register allocation pass to operate on pseudos directly, but also
+ strengthens several other optimization passes, such as CSE, loop
+ optimizer and trivial dead code remover. It can, however, make
+ debugging impossible, since variables will no longer stay in a
+ "home register".
+
+ Enabled by default with `-funroll-loops'.
+
+`-fwhole-program'
+ Assume that the current compilation unit represents whole program
+ being compiled. All public functions and variables with the
+ exception of `main' and those merged by attribute
+ `externally_visible' become static functions and in a affect gets
+ more aggressively optimized by interprocedural optimizers. While
+ this option is equivalent to proper use of `static' keyword for
+ programs consisting of single file, in combination with option
+ `--combine' this flag can be used to compile most of smaller scale
+ C programs since the functions and variables become local for the
+ whole combined compilation unit, not for the single source file
+ itself.
+
+ This option is not supported for Fortran programs.
+
+`-fcprop-registers'
+ After register allocation and post-register allocation instruction
+ splitting, we perform a copy-propagation pass to try to reduce
+ scheduling dependencies and occasionally eliminate the copy.
+
+ Enabled at levels `-O', `-O2', `-O3', `-Os'.
+
+`-fprofile-correction'
+ Profiles collected using an instrumented binary for multi-threaded
+ programs may be inconsistent due to missed counter updates. When
+ this option is specified, GCC will use heuristics to correct or
+ smooth out such inconsistencies. By default, GCC will emit an
+ error message when an inconsistent profile is detected.
+
+`-fprofile-dir=PATH'
+ Set the directory to search the profile data files in to PATH.
+ This option affects only the profile data generated by
+ `-fprofile-generate', `-ftest-coverage', `-fprofile-arcs' and used
+ by `-fprofile-use' and `-fbranch-probabilities' and its related
+ options. By default, GCC will use the current directory as PATH
+ thus the profile data file will appear in the same directory as
+ the object file.
+
+`-fprofile-generate'
+`-fprofile-generate=PATH'
+ Enable options usually used for instrumenting application to
+ produce profile useful for later recompilation with profile
+ feedback based optimization. You must use `-fprofile-generate'
+ both when compiling and when linking your program.
+
+ The following options are enabled: `-fprofile-arcs',
+ `-fprofile-values', `-fvpt'.
+
+ If PATH is specified, GCC will look at the PATH to find the
+ profile feedback data files. See `-fprofile-dir'.
+
+`-fprofile-use'
+`-fprofile-use=PATH'
+ Enable profile feedback directed optimizations, and optimizations
+ generally profitable only with profile feedback available.
+
+ The following options are enabled: `-fbranch-probabilities',
+ `-fvpt', `-funroll-loops', `-fpeel-loops', `-ftracer'
+
+ By default, GCC emits an error message if the feedback profiles do
+ not match the source code. This error can be turned into a
+ warning by using `-Wcoverage-mismatch'. Note this may result in
+ poorly optimized code.
+
+ If PATH is specified, GCC will look at the PATH to find the
+ profile feedback data files. See `-fprofile-dir'.
+
+ The following options control compiler behavior regarding floating
+point arithmetic. These options trade off between speed and
+correctness. All must be specifically enabled.
+
+`-ffloat-store'
+ Do not store floating point variables in registers, and inhibit
+ other options that might change whether a floating point value is
+ taken from a register or memory.
+
+ This option prevents undesirable excess precision on machines such
+ as the 68000 where the floating registers (of the 68881) keep more
+ precision than a `double' is supposed to have. Similarly for the
+ x86 architecture. For most programs, the excess precision does
+ only good, but a few programs rely on the precise definition of
+ IEEE floating point. Use `-ffloat-store' for such programs, after
+ modifying them to store all pertinent intermediate computations
+ into variables.
+
+`-ffast-math'
+ Sets `-fno-math-errno', `-funsafe-math-optimizations',
+ `-ffinite-math-only', `-fno-rounding-math', `-fno-signaling-nans'
+ and `-fcx-limited-range'.
+
+ This option causes the preprocessor macro `__FAST_MATH__' to be
+ defined.
+
+ This option is not turned on by any `-O' option since it can
+ result in incorrect output for programs which depend on an exact
+ implementation of IEEE or ISO rules/specifications for math
+ functions. It may, however, yield faster code for programs that do
+ not require the guarantees of these specifications.
+
+`-fno-math-errno'
+ Do not set ERRNO after calling math functions that are executed
+ with a single instruction, e.g., sqrt. A program that relies on
+ IEEE exceptions for math error handling may want to use this flag
+ for speed while maintaining IEEE arithmetic compatibility.
+
+ This option is not turned on by any `-O' option since it can
+ result in incorrect output for programs which depend on an exact
+ implementation of IEEE or ISO rules/specifications for math
+ functions. It may, however, yield faster code for programs that do
+ not require the guarantees of these specifications.
+
+ The default is `-fmath-errno'.
+
+ On Darwin systems, the math library never sets `errno'. There is
+ therefore no reason for the compiler to consider the possibility
+ that it might, and `-fno-math-errno' is the default.
+
+`-funsafe-math-optimizations'
+ Allow optimizations for floating-point arithmetic that (a) assume
+ that arguments and results are valid and (b) may violate IEEE or
+ ANSI standards. When used at link-time, it may include libraries
+ or startup files that change the default FPU control word or other
+ similar optimizations.
+
+ This option is not turned on by any `-O' option since it can
+ result in incorrect output for programs which depend on an exact
+ implementation of IEEE or ISO rules/specifications for math
+ functions. It may, however, yield faster code for programs that do
+ not require the guarantees of these specifications. Enables
+ `-fno-signed-zeros', `-fno-trapping-math', `-fassociative-math'
+ and `-freciprocal-math'.
+
+ The default is `-fno-unsafe-math-optimizations'.
+
+`-fassociative-math'
+ Allow re-association of operands in series of floating-point
+ operations. This violates the ISO C and C++ language standard by
+ possibly changing computation result. NOTE: re-ordering may
+ change the sign of zero as well as ignore NaNs and inhibit or
+ create underflow or overflow (and thus cannot be used on a code
+ which relies on rounding behavior like `(x + 2**52) - 2**52)'.
+ May also reorder floating-point comparisons and thus may not be
+ used when ordered comparisons are required. This option requires
+ that both `-fno-signed-zeros' and `-fno-trapping-math' be in
+ effect. Moreover, it doesn't make much sense with
+ `-frounding-math'.
+
+ The default is `-fno-associative-math'.
+
+`-freciprocal-math'
+ Allow the reciprocal of a value to be used instead of dividing by
+ the value if this enables optimizations. For example `x / y' can
+ be replaced with `x * (1/y)' which is useful if `(1/y)' is subject
+ to common subexpression elimination. Note that this loses
+ precision and increases the number of flops operating on the value.
+
+ The default is `-fno-reciprocal-math'.
+
+`-ffinite-math-only'
+ Allow optimizations for floating-point arithmetic that assume that
+ arguments and results are not NaNs or +-Infs.
+
+ This option is not turned on by any `-O' option since it can
+ result in incorrect output for programs which depend on an exact
+ implementation of IEEE or ISO rules/specifications for math
+ functions. It may, however, yield faster code for programs that do
+ not require the guarantees of these specifications.
+
+ The default is `-fno-finite-math-only'.
+
+`-fno-signed-zeros'
+ Allow optimizations for floating point arithmetic that ignore the
+ signedness of zero. IEEE arithmetic specifies the behavior of
+ distinct +0.0 and -0.0 values, which then prohibits simplification
+ of expressions such as x+0.0 or 0.0*x (even with
+ `-ffinite-math-only'). This option implies that the sign of a
+ zero result isn't significant.
+
+ The default is `-fsigned-zeros'.
+
+`-fno-trapping-math'
+ Compile code assuming that floating-point operations cannot
+ generate user-visible traps. These traps include division by
+ zero, overflow, underflow, inexact result and invalid operation.
+ This option requires that `-fno-signaling-nans' be in effect.
+ Setting this option may allow faster code if one relies on
+ "non-stop" IEEE arithmetic, for example.
+
+ This option should never be turned on by any `-O' option since it
+ can result in incorrect output for programs which depend on an
+ exact implementation of IEEE or ISO rules/specifications for math
+ functions.
+
+ The default is `-ftrapping-math'.
+
+`-frounding-math'
+ Disable transformations and optimizations that assume default
+ floating point rounding behavior. This is round-to-zero for all
+ floating point to integer conversions, and round-to-nearest for
+ all other arithmetic truncations. This option should be specified
+ for programs that change the FP rounding mode dynamically, or that
+ may be executed with a non-default rounding mode. This option
+ disables constant folding of floating point expressions at
+ compile-time (which may be affected by rounding mode) and
+ arithmetic transformations that are unsafe in the presence of
+ sign-dependent rounding modes.
+
+ The default is `-fno-rounding-math'.
+
+ This option is experimental and does not currently guarantee to
+ disable all GCC optimizations that are affected by rounding mode.
+ Future versions of GCC may provide finer control of this setting
+ using C99's `FENV_ACCESS' pragma. This command line option will
+ be used to specify the default state for `FENV_ACCESS'.
+
+`-frtl-abstract-sequences'
+ It is a size optimization method. This option is to find identical
+ sequences of code, which can be turned into pseudo-procedures and
+ then replace all occurrences with calls to the newly created
+ subroutine. It is kind of an opposite of `-finline-functions'.
+ This optimization runs at RTL level.
+
+`-fsignaling-nans'
+ Compile code assuming that IEEE signaling NaNs may generate
+ user-visible traps during floating-point operations. Setting this
+ option disables optimizations that may change the number of
+ exceptions visible with signaling NaNs. This option implies
+ `-ftrapping-math'.
+
+ This option causes the preprocessor macro `__SUPPORT_SNAN__' to be
+ defined.
+
+ The default is `-fno-signaling-nans'.
+
+ This option is experimental and does not currently guarantee to
+ disable all GCC optimizations that affect signaling NaN behavior.
+
+`-fsingle-precision-constant'
+ Treat floating point constant as single precision constant instead
+ of implicitly converting it to double precision constant.
+
+`-fcx-limited-range'
+ When enabled, this option states that a range reduction step is not
+ needed when performing complex division. Also, there is no
+ checking whether the result of a complex multiplication or
+ division is `NaN + I*NaN', with an attempt to rescue the situation
+ in that case. The default is `-fno-cx-limited-range', but is
+ enabled by `-ffast-math'.
+
+ This option controls the default setting of the ISO C99
+ `CX_LIMITED_RANGE' pragma. Nevertheless, the option applies to
+ all languages.
+
+`-fcx-fortran-rules'
+ Complex multiplication and division follow Fortran rules. Range
+ reduction is done as part of complex division, but there is no
+ checking whether the result of a complex multiplication or
+ division is `NaN + I*NaN', with an attempt to rescue the situation
+ in that case.
+
+ The default is `-fno-cx-fortran-rules'.
+
+
+ The following options control optimizations that may improve
+performance, but are not enabled by any `-O' options. This section
+includes experimental options that may produce broken code.
+
+`-fbranch-probabilities'
+ After running a program compiled with `-fprofile-arcs' (*note
+ Options for Debugging Your Program or `gcc': Debugging Options.),
+ you can compile it a second time using `-fbranch-probabilities',
+ to improve optimizations based on the number of times each branch
+ was taken. When the program compiled with `-fprofile-arcs' exits
+ it saves arc execution counts to a file called `SOURCENAME.gcda'
+ for each source file. The information in this data file is very
+ dependent on the structure of the generated code, so you must use
+ the same source code and the same optimization options for both
+ compilations.
+
+ With `-fbranch-probabilities', GCC puts a `REG_BR_PROB' note on
+ each `JUMP_INSN' and `CALL_INSN'. These can be used to improve
+ optimization. Currently, they are only used in one place: in
+ `reorg.c', instead of guessing which path a branch is mostly to
+ take, the `REG_BR_PROB' values are used to exactly determine which
+ path is taken more often.
+
+`-fprofile-values'
+ If combined with `-fprofile-arcs', it adds code so that some data
+ about values of expressions in the program is gathered.
+
+ With `-fbranch-probabilities', it reads back the data gathered
+ from profiling values of expressions and adds `REG_VALUE_PROFILE'
+ notes to instructions for their later usage in optimizations.
+
+ Enabled with `-fprofile-generate' and `-fprofile-use'.
+
+`-fvpt'
+ If combined with `-fprofile-arcs', it instructs the compiler to add
+ a code to gather information about values of expressions.
+
+ With `-fbranch-probabilities', it reads back the data gathered and
+ actually performs the optimizations based on them. Currently the
+ optimizations include specialization of division operation using
+ the knowledge about the value of the denominator.
+
+`-frename-registers'
+ Attempt to avoid false dependencies in scheduled code by making use
+ of registers left over after register allocation. This
+ optimization will most benefit processors with lots of registers.
+ Depending on the debug information format adopted by the target,
+ however, it can make debugging impossible, since variables will no
+ longer stay in a "home register".
+
+ Enabled by default with `-funroll-loops'.
+
+`-ftracer'
+ Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This
+ transformation simplifies the control flow of the function
+ allowing other optimizations to do better job.
+
+ Enabled with `-fprofile-use'.
+
+`-funroll-loops'
+ Unroll loops whose number of iterations can be determined at
+ compile time or upon entry to the loop. `-funroll-loops' implies
+ `-frerun-cse-after-loop', `-fweb' and `-frename-registers'. It
+ also turns on complete loop peeling (i.e. complete removal of
+ loops with small constant number of iterations). This option
+ makes code larger, and may or may not make it run faster.
+
+ Enabled with `-fprofile-use'.
+
+`-funroll-all-loops'
+ Unroll all loops, even if their number of iterations is uncertain
+ when the loop is entered. This usually makes programs run more
+ slowly. `-funroll-all-loops' implies the same options as
+ `-funroll-loops'.
+
+`-fpeel-loops'
+ Peels the loops for that there is enough information that they do
+ not roll much (from profile feedback). It also turns on complete
+ loop peeling (i.e. complete removal of loops with small constant
+ number of iterations).
+
+ Enabled with `-fprofile-use'.
+
+`-fmove-loop-invariants'
+ Enables the loop invariant motion pass in the RTL loop optimizer.
+ Enabled at level `-O1'
+
+`-funswitch-loops'
+ Move branches with loop invariant conditions out of the loop, with
+ duplicates of the loop on both branches (modified according to
+ result of the condition).
+
+`-ffunction-sections'
+`-fdata-sections'
+ Place each function or data item into its own section in the output
+ file if the target supports arbitrary sections. The name of the
+ function or the name of the data item determines the section's name
+ in the output file.
+
+ Use these options on systems where the linker can perform
+ optimizations to improve locality of reference in the instruction
+ space. Most systems using the ELF object format and SPARC
+ processors running Solaris 2 have linkers with such optimizations.
+ AIX may have these optimizations in the future.
+
+ Only use these options when there are significant benefits from
+ doing so. When you specify these options, the assembler and
+ linker will create larger object and executable files and will
+ also be slower. You will not be able to use `gprof' on all
+ systems if you specify this option and you may have problems with
+ debugging if you specify both this option and `-g'.
+
+`-fbranch-target-load-optimize'
+ Perform branch target register load optimization before prologue /
+ epilogue threading. The use of target registers can typically be
+ exposed only during reload, thus hoisting loads out of loops and
+ doing inter-block scheduling needs a separate optimization pass.
+
+`-fbranch-target-load-optimize2'
+ Perform branch target register load optimization after prologue /
+ epilogue threading.
+
+`-fbtr-bb-exclusive'
+ When performing branch target register load optimization, don't
+ reuse branch target registers in within any basic block.
+
+`-fstack-protector'
+ Emit extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
+ smashing attacks. This is done by adding a guard variable to
+ functions with vulnerable objects. This includes functions that
+ call alloca, and functions with buffers larger than 8 bytes. The
+ guards are initialized when a function is entered and then checked
+ when the function exits. If a guard check fails, an error message
+ is printed and the program exits.
+
+`-fstack-protector-all'
+ Like `-fstack-protector' except that all functions are protected.
+
+`-fsection-anchors'
+ Try to reduce the number of symbolic address calculations by using
+ shared "anchor" symbols to address nearby objects. This
+ transformation can help to reduce the number of GOT entries and
+ GOT accesses on some targets.
+
+ For example, the implementation of the following function `foo':
+
+ static int a, b, c;
+ int foo (void) { return a + b + c; }
+
+ would usually calculate the addresses of all three variables, but
+ if you compile it with `-fsection-anchors', it will access the
+ variables from a common anchor point instead. The effect is
+ similar to the following pseudocode (which isn't valid C):
+
+ int foo (void)
+ {
+ register int *xr = &x;
+ return xr[&a - &x] + xr[&b - &x] + xr[&c - &x];
+ }
+
+ Not all targets support this option.
+
+`--param NAME=VALUE'
+ In some places, GCC uses various constants to control the amount of
+ optimization that is done. For example, GCC will not inline
+ functions that contain more that a certain number of instructions.
+ You can control some of these constants on the command-line using
+ the `--param' option.
+
+ The names of specific parameters, and the meaning of the values,
+ are tied to the internals of the compiler, and are subject to
+ change without notice in future releases.
+
+ In each case, the VALUE is an integer. The allowable choices for
+ NAME are given in the following table:
+
+ `sra-max-structure-size'
+ The maximum structure size, in bytes, at which the scalar
+ replacement of aggregates (SRA) optimization will perform
+ block copies. The default value, 0, implies that GCC will
+ select the most appropriate size itself.
+
+ `sra-field-structure-ratio'
+ The threshold ratio (as a percentage) between instantiated
+ fields and the complete structure size. We say that if the
+ ratio of the number of bytes in instantiated fields to the
+ number of bytes in the complete structure exceeds this
+ parameter, then block copies are not used. The default is 75.
+
+ `struct-reorg-cold-struct-ratio'
+ The threshold ratio (as a percentage) between a structure
+ frequency and the frequency of the hottest structure in the
+ program. This parameter is used by struct-reorg optimization
+ enabled by `-fipa-struct-reorg'. We say that if the ratio of
+ a structure frequency, calculated by profiling, to the
+ hottest structure frequency in the program is less than this
+ parameter, then structure reorganization is not applied to
+ this structure. The default is 10.
+
+ `predictable-branch-cost-outcome'
+ When branch is predicted to be taken with probability lower
+ than this threshold (in percent), then it is considered well
+ predictable. The default is 10.
+
+ `max-crossjump-edges'
+ The maximum number of incoming edges to consider for
+ crossjumping. The algorithm used by `-fcrossjumping' is
+ O(N^2) in the number of edges incoming to each block.
+ Increasing values mean more aggressive optimization, making
+ the compile time increase with probably small improvement in
+ executable size.
+
+ `min-crossjump-insns'
+ The minimum number of instructions which must be matched at
+ the end of two blocks before crossjumping will be performed
+ on them. This value is ignored in the case where all
+ instructions in the block being crossjumped from are matched.
+ The default value is 5.
+
+ `max-grow-copy-bb-insns'
+ The maximum code size expansion factor when copying basic
+ blocks instead of jumping. The expansion is relative to a
+ jump instruction. The default value is 8.
+
+ `max-goto-duplication-insns'
+ The maximum number of instructions to duplicate to a block
+ that jumps to a computed goto. To avoid O(N^2) behavior in a
+ number of passes, GCC factors computed gotos early in the
+ compilation process, and unfactors them as late as possible.
+ Only computed jumps at the end of a basic blocks with no more
+ than max-goto-duplication-insns are unfactored. The default
+ value is 8.
+
+ `max-delay-slot-insn-search'
+ The maximum number of instructions to consider when looking
+ for an instruction to fill a delay slot. If more than this
+ arbitrary number of instructions is searched, the time
+ savings from filling the delay slot will be minimal so stop
+ searching. Increasing values mean more aggressive
+ optimization, making the compile time increase with probably
+ small improvement in executable run time.
+
+ `max-delay-slot-live-search'
+ When trying to fill delay slots, the maximum number of
+ instructions to consider when searching for a block with
+ valid live register information. Increasing this arbitrarily
+ chosen value means more aggressive optimization, increasing
+ the compile time. This parameter should be removed when the
+ delay slot code is rewritten to maintain the control-flow
+ graph.
+
+ `max-gcse-memory'
+ The approximate maximum amount of memory that will be
+ allocated in order to perform the global common subexpression
+ elimination optimization. If more memory than specified is
+ required, the optimization will not be done.
+
+ `max-gcse-passes'
+ The maximum number of passes of GCSE to run. The default is
+ 1.
+
+ `max-pending-list-length'
+ The maximum number of pending dependencies scheduling will
+ allow before flushing the current state and starting over.
+ Large functions with few branches or calls can create
+ excessively large lists which needlessly consume memory and
+ resources.
+
+ `max-inline-insns-single'
+ Several parameters control the tree inliner used in gcc.
+ This number sets the maximum number of instructions (counted
+ in GCC's internal representation) in a single function that
+ the tree inliner will consider for inlining. This only
+ affects functions declared inline and methods implemented in
+ a class declaration (C++). The default value is 450.
+
+ `max-inline-insns-auto'
+ When you use `-finline-functions' (included in `-O3'), a lot
+ of functions that would otherwise not be considered for
+ inlining by the compiler will be investigated. To those
+ functions, a different (more restrictive) limit compared to
+ functions declared inline can be applied. The default value
+ is 90.
+
+ `large-function-insns'
+ The limit specifying really large functions. For functions
+ larger than this limit after inlining, inlining is
+ constrained by `--param large-function-growth'. This
+ parameter is useful primarily to avoid extreme compilation
+ time caused by non-linear algorithms used by the backend.
+ The default value is 2700.
+
+ `large-function-growth'
+ Specifies maximal growth of large function caused by inlining
+ in percents. The default value is 100 which limits large
+ function growth to 2.0 times the original size.
+
+ `large-unit-insns'
+ The limit specifying large translation unit. Growth caused
+ by inlining of units larger than this limit is limited by
+ `--param inline-unit-growth'. For small units this might be
+ too tight (consider unit consisting of function A that is
+ inline and B that just calls A three time. If B is small
+ relative to A, the growth of unit is 300\% and yet such
+ inlining is very sane. For very large units consisting of
+ small inlineable functions however the overall unit growth
+ limit is needed to avoid exponential explosion of code size.
+ Thus for smaller units, the size is increased to `--param
+ large-unit-insns' before applying `--param
+ inline-unit-growth'. The default is 10000
+
+ `inline-unit-growth'
+ Specifies maximal overall growth of the compilation unit
+ caused by inlining. The default value is 30 which limits
+ unit growth to 1.3 times the original size.
+
+ `ipcp-unit-growth'
+ Specifies maximal overall growth of the compilation unit
+ caused by interprocedural constant propagation. The default
+ value is 10 which limits unit growth to 1.1 times the
+ original size.
+
+ `large-stack-frame'
+ The limit specifying large stack frames. While inlining the
+ algorithm is trying to not grow past this limit too much.
+ Default value is 256 bytes.
+
+ `large-stack-frame-growth'
+ Specifies maximal growth of large stack frames caused by
+ inlining in percents. The default value is 1000 which limits
+ large stack frame growth to 11 times the original size.
+
+ `max-inline-insns-recursive'
+ `max-inline-insns-recursive-auto'
+ Specifies maximum number of instructions out-of-line copy of
+ self recursive inline function can grow into by performing
+ recursive inlining.
+
+ For functions declared inline `--param
+ max-inline-insns-recursive' is taken into account. For
+ function not declared inline, recursive inlining happens only
+ when `-finline-functions' (included in `-O3') is enabled and
+ `--param max-inline-insns-recursive-auto' is used. The
+ default value is 450.
+
+ `max-inline-recursive-depth'
+ `max-inline-recursive-depth-auto'
+ Specifies maximum recursion depth used by the recursive
+ inlining.
+
+ For functions declared inline `--param
+ max-inline-recursive-depth' is taken into account. For
+ function not declared inline, recursive inlining happens only
+ when `-finline-functions' (included in `-O3') is enabled and
+ `--param max-inline-recursive-depth-auto' is used. The
+ default value is 8.
+
+ `min-inline-recursive-probability'
+ Recursive inlining is profitable only for function having
+ deep recursion in average and can hurt for function having
+ little recursion depth by increasing the prologue size or
+ complexity of function body to other optimizers.
+
+ When profile feedback is available (see `-fprofile-generate')
+ the actual recursion depth can be guessed from probability
+ that function will recurse via given call expression. This
+ parameter limits inlining only to call expression whose
+ probability exceeds given threshold (in percents). The
+ default value is 10.
+
+ `inline-call-cost'
+ Specify cost of call instruction relative to simple
+ arithmetics operations (having cost of 1). Increasing this
+ cost disqualifies inlining of non-leaf functions and at the
+ same time increases size of leaf function that is believed to
+ reduce function size by being inlined. In effect it
+ increases amount of inlining for code having large
+ abstraction penalty (many functions that just pass the
+ arguments to other functions) and decrease inlining for code
+ with low abstraction penalty. The default value is 12.
+
+ `min-vect-loop-bound'
+ The minimum number of iterations under which a loop will not
+ get vectorized when `-ftree-vectorize' is used. The number
+ of iterations after vectorization needs to be greater than
+ the value specified by this option to allow vectorization.
+ The default value is 0.
+
+ `max-unrolled-insns'
+ The maximum number of instructions that a loop should have if
+ that loop is unrolled, and if the loop is unrolled, it
+ determines how many times the loop code is unrolled.
+
+ `max-average-unrolled-insns'
+ The maximum number of instructions biased by probabilities of
+ their execution that a loop should have if that loop is
+ unrolled, and if the loop is unrolled, it determines how many
+ times the loop code is unrolled.
+
+ `max-unroll-times'
+ The maximum number of unrollings of a single loop.
+
+ `max-peeled-insns'
+ The maximum number of instructions that a loop should have if
+ that loop is peeled, and if the loop is peeled, it determines
+ how many times the loop code is peeled.
+
+ `max-peel-times'
+ The maximum number of peelings of a single loop.
+
+ `max-completely-peeled-insns'
+ The maximum number of insns of a completely peeled loop.
+
+ `max-completely-peel-times'
+ The maximum number of iterations of a loop to be suitable for
+ complete peeling.
+
+ `max-unswitch-insns'
+ The maximum number of insns of an unswitched loop.
+
+ `max-unswitch-level'
+ The maximum number of branches unswitched in a single loop.
+
+ `lim-expensive'
+ The minimum cost of an expensive expression in the loop
+ invariant motion.
+
+ `iv-consider-all-candidates-bound'
+ Bound on number of candidates for induction variables below
+ that all candidates are considered for each use in induction
+ variable optimizations. Only the most relevant candidates
+ are considered if there are more candidates, to avoid
+ quadratic time complexity.
+
+ `iv-max-considered-uses'
+ The induction variable optimizations give up on loops that
+ contain more induction variable uses.
+
+ `iv-always-prune-cand-set-bound'
+ If number of candidates in the set is smaller than this value,
+ we always try to remove unnecessary ivs from the set during
+ its optimization when a new iv is added to the set.
+
+ `scev-max-expr-size'
+ Bound on size of expressions used in the scalar evolutions
+ analyzer. Large expressions slow the analyzer.
+
+ `omega-max-vars'
+ The maximum number of variables in an Omega constraint system.
+ The default value is 128.
+
+ `omega-max-geqs'
+ The maximum number of inequalities in an Omega constraint
+ system. The default value is 256.
+
+ `omega-max-eqs'
+ The maximum number of equalities in an Omega constraint
+ system. The default value is 128.
+
+ `omega-max-wild-cards'
+ The maximum number of wildcard variables that the Omega
+ solver will be able to insert. The default value is 18.
+
+ `omega-hash-table-size'
+ The size of the hash table in the Omega solver. The default
+ value is 550.
+
+ `omega-max-keys'
+ The maximal number of keys used by the Omega solver. The
+ default value is 500.
+
+ `omega-eliminate-redundant-constraints'
+ When set to 1, use expensive methods to eliminate all
+ redundant constraints. The default value is 0.
+
+ `vect-max-version-for-alignment-checks'
+ The maximum number of runtime checks that can be performed
+ when doing loop versioning for alignment in the vectorizer.
+ See option ftree-vect-loop-version for more information.
+
+ `vect-max-version-for-alias-checks'
+ The maximum number of runtime checks that can be performed
+ when doing loop versioning for alias in the vectorizer. See
+ option ftree-vect-loop-version for more information.
+
+ `max-iterations-to-track'
+ The maximum number of iterations of a loop the brute force
+ algorithm for analysis of # of iterations of the loop tries
+ to evaluate.
+
+ `hot-bb-count-fraction'
+ Select fraction of the maximal count of repetitions of basic
+ block in program given basic block needs to have to be
+ considered hot.
+
+ `hot-bb-frequency-fraction'
+ Select fraction of the maximal frequency of executions of
+ basic block in function given basic block needs to have to be
+ considered hot
+
+ `max-predicted-iterations'
+ The maximum number of loop iterations we predict statically.
+ This is useful in cases where function contain single loop
+ with known bound and other loop with unknown. We predict the
+ known number of iterations correctly, while the unknown
+ number of iterations average to roughly 10. This means that
+ the loop without bounds would appear artificially cold
+ relative to the other one.
+
+ `align-threshold'
+ Select fraction of the maximal frequency of executions of
+ basic block in function given basic block will get aligned.
+
+ `align-loop-iterations'
+ A loop expected to iterate at lest the selected number of
+ iterations will get aligned.
+
+ `tracer-dynamic-coverage'
+ `tracer-dynamic-coverage-feedback'
+ This value is used to limit superblock formation once the
+ given percentage of executed instructions is covered. This
+ limits unnecessary code size expansion.
+
+ The `tracer-dynamic-coverage-feedback' is used only when
+ profile feedback is available. The real profiles (as opposed
+ to statically estimated ones) are much less balanced allowing
+ the threshold to be larger value.
+
+ `tracer-max-code-growth'
+ Stop tail duplication once code growth has reached given
+ percentage. This is rather hokey argument, as most of the
+ duplicates will be eliminated later in cross jumping, so it
+ may be set to much higher values than is the desired code
+ growth.
+
+ `tracer-min-branch-ratio'
+ Stop reverse growth when the reverse probability of best edge
+ is less than this threshold (in percent).
+
+ `tracer-min-branch-ratio'
+ `tracer-min-branch-ratio-feedback'
+ Stop forward growth if the best edge do have probability
+ lower than this threshold.
+
+ Similarly to `tracer-dynamic-coverage' two values are
+ present, one for compilation for profile feedback and one for
+ compilation without. The value for compilation with profile
+ feedback needs to be more conservative (higher) in order to
+ make tracer effective.
+
+ `max-cse-path-length'
+ Maximum number of basic blocks on path that cse considers.
+ The default is 10.
+
+ `max-cse-insns'
+ The maximum instructions CSE process before flushing. The
+ default is 1000.
+
+ `max-aliased-vops'
+ Maximum number of virtual operands per function allowed to
+ represent aliases before triggering the alias partitioning
+ heuristic. Alias partitioning reduces compile times and
+ memory consumption needed for aliasing at the expense of
+ precision loss in alias information. The default value for
+ this parameter is 100 for -O1, 500 for -O2 and 1000 for -O3.
+
+ Notice that if a function contains more memory statements
+ than the value of this parameter, it is not really possible
+ to achieve this reduction. In this case, the compiler will
+ use the number of memory statements as the value for
+ `max-aliased-vops'.
+
+ `avg-aliased-vops'
+ Average number of virtual operands per statement allowed to
+ represent aliases before triggering the alias partitioning
+ heuristic. This works in conjunction with
+ `max-aliased-vops'. If a function contains more than
+ `max-aliased-vops' virtual operators, then memory symbols
+ will be grouped into memory partitions until either the total
+ number of virtual operators is below `max-aliased-vops' or
+ the average number of virtual operators per memory statement
+ is below `avg-aliased-vops'. The default value for this
+ parameter is 1 for -O1 and -O2, and 3 for -O3.
+
+ `ggc-min-expand'
+ GCC uses a garbage collector to manage its own memory
+ allocation. This parameter specifies the minimum percentage
+ by which the garbage collector's heap should be allowed to
+ expand between collections. Tuning this may improve
+ compilation speed; it has no effect on code generation.
+
+ The default is 30% + 70% * (RAM/1GB) with an upper bound of
+ 100% when RAM >= 1GB. If `getrlimit' is available, the
+ notion of "RAM" is the smallest of actual RAM and
+ `RLIMIT_DATA' or `RLIMIT_AS'. If GCC is not able to
+ calculate RAM on a particular platform, the lower bound of
+ 30% is used. Setting this parameter and `ggc-min-heapsize'
+ to zero causes a full collection to occur at every
+ opportunity. This is extremely slow, but can be useful for
+ debugging.
+
+ `ggc-min-heapsize'
+ Minimum size of the garbage collector's heap before it begins
+ bothering to collect garbage. The first collection occurs
+ after the heap expands by `ggc-min-expand'% beyond
+ `ggc-min-heapsize'. Again, tuning this may improve
+ compilation speed, and has no effect on code generation.
+
+ The default is the smaller of RAM/8, RLIMIT_RSS, or a limit
+ which tries to ensure that RLIMIT_DATA or RLIMIT_AS are not
+ exceeded, but with a lower bound of 4096 (four megabytes) and
+ an upper bound of 131072 (128 megabytes). If GCC is not able
+ to calculate RAM on a particular platform, the lower bound is
+ used. Setting this parameter very large effectively disables
+ garbage collection. Setting this parameter and
+ `ggc-min-expand' to zero causes a full collection to occur at
+ every opportunity.
+
+ `max-reload-search-insns'
+ The maximum number of instruction reload should look backward
+ for equivalent register. Increasing values mean more
+ aggressive optimization, making the compile time increase
+ with probably slightly better performance. The default value
+ is 100.
+
+ `max-cselib-memory-locations'
+ The maximum number of memory locations cselib should take
+ into account. Increasing values mean more aggressive
+ optimization, making the compile time increase with probably
+ slightly better performance. The default value is 500.
+
+ `reorder-blocks-duplicate'
+ `reorder-blocks-duplicate-feedback'
+ Used by basic block reordering pass to decide whether to use
+ unconditional branch or duplicate the code on its
+ destination. Code is duplicated when its estimated size is
+ smaller than this value multiplied by the estimated size of
+ unconditional jump in the hot spots of the program.
+
+ The `reorder-block-duplicate-feedback' is used only when
+ profile feedback is available and may be set to higher values
+ than `reorder-block-duplicate' since information about the
+ hot spots is more accurate.
+
+ `max-sched-ready-insns'
+ The maximum number of instructions ready to be issued the
+ scheduler should consider at any given time during the first
+ scheduling pass. Increasing values mean more thorough
+ searches, making the compilation time increase with probably
+ little benefit. The default value is 100.
+
+ `max-sched-region-blocks'
+ The maximum number of blocks in a region to be considered for
+ interblock scheduling. The default value is 10.
+
+ `max-pipeline-region-blocks'
+ The maximum number of blocks in a region to be considered for
+ pipelining in the selective scheduler. The default value is
+ 15.
+
+ `max-sched-region-insns'
+ The maximum number of insns in a region to be considered for
+ interblock scheduling. The default value is 100.
+
+ `max-pipeline-region-insns'
+ The maximum number of insns in a region to be considered for
+ pipelining in the selective scheduler. The default value is
+ 200.
+
+ `min-spec-prob'
+ The minimum probability (in percents) of reaching a source
+ block for interblock speculative scheduling. The default
+ value is 40.
+
+ `max-sched-extend-regions-iters'
+ The maximum number of iterations through CFG to extend
+ regions. 0 - disable region extension, N - do at most N
+ iterations. The default value is 0.
+
+ `max-sched-insn-conflict-delay'
+ The maximum conflict delay for an insn to be considered for
+ speculative motion. The default value is 3.
+
+ `sched-spec-prob-cutoff'
+ The minimal probability of speculation success (in percents),
+ so that speculative insn will be scheduled. The default
+ value is 40.
+
+ `sched-mem-true-dep-cost'
+ Minimal distance (in CPU cycles) between store and load
+ targeting same memory locations. The default value is 1.
+
+ `selsched-max-lookahead'
+ The maximum size of the lookahead window of selective
+ scheduling. It is a depth of search for available
+ instructions. The default value is 50.
+
+ `selsched-max-sched-times'
+ The maximum number of times that an instruction will be
+ scheduled during selective scheduling. This is the limit on
+ the number of iterations through which the instruction may be
+ pipelined. The default value is 2.
+
+ `selsched-max-insns-to-rename'
+ The maximum number of best instructions in the ready list
+ that are considered for renaming in the selective scheduler.
+ The default value is 2.
+
+ `max-last-value-rtl'
+ The maximum size measured as number of RTLs that can be
+ recorded in an expression in combiner for a pseudo register
+ as last known value of that register. The default is 10000.
+
+ `integer-share-limit'
+ Small integer constants can use a shared data structure,
+ reducing the compiler's memory usage and increasing its
+ speed. This sets the maximum value of a shared integer
+ constant. The default value is 256.
+
+ `min-virtual-mappings'
+ Specifies the minimum number of virtual mappings in the
+ incremental SSA updater that should be registered to trigger
+ the virtual mappings heuristic defined by
+ virtual-mappings-ratio. The default value is 100.
+
+ `virtual-mappings-ratio'
+ If the number of virtual mappings is virtual-mappings-ratio
+ bigger than the number of virtual symbols to be updated, then
+ the incremental SSA updater switches to a full update for
+ those symbols. The default ratio is 3.
+
+ `ssp-buffer-size'
+ The minimum size of buffers (i.e. arrays) that will receive
+ stack smashing protection when `-fstack-protection' is used.
+
+ `max-jump-thread-duplication-stmts'
+ Maximum number of statements allowed in a block that needs to
+ be duplicated when threading jumps.
+
+ `max-fields-for-field-sensitive'
+ Maximum number of fields in a structure we will treat in a
+ field sensitive manner during pointer analysis. The default
+ is zero for -O0, and -O1 and 100 for -Os, -O2, and -O3.
+
+ `prefetch-latency'
+ Estimate on average number of instructions that are executed
+ before prefetch finishes. The distance we prefetch ahead is
+ proportional to this constant. Increasing this number may
+ also lead to less streams being prefetched (see
+ `simultaneous-prefetches').
+
+ `simultaneous-prefetches'
+ Maximum number of prefetches that can run at the same time.
+
+ `l1-cache-line-size'
+ The size of cache line in L1 cache, in bytes.
+
+ `l1-cache-size'
+ The size of L1 cache, in kilobytes.
+
+ `l2-cache-size'
+ The size of L2 cache, in kilobytes.
+
+ `use-canonical-types'
+ Whether the compiler should use the "canonical" type system.
+ By default, this should always be 1, which uses a more
+ efficient internal mechanism for comparing types in C++ and
+ Objective-C++. However, if bugs in the canonical type system
+ are causing compilation failures, set this value to 0 to
+ disable canonical types.
+
+ `switch-conversion-max-branch-ratio'
+ Switch initialization conversion will refuse to create arrays
+ that are bigger than `switch-conversion-max-branch-ratio'
+ times the number of branches in the switch.
+
+ `max-partial-antic-length'
+ Maximum length of the partial antic set computed during the
+ tree partial redundancy elimination optimization
+ (`-ftree-pre') when optimizing at `-O3' and above. For some
+ sorts of source code the enhanced partial redundancy
+ elimination optimization can run away, consuming all of the
+ memory available on the host machine. This parameter sets a
+ limit on the length of the sets that are computed, which
+ prevents the runaway behavior. Setting a value of 0 for this
+ parameter will allow an unlimited set length.
+
+ `sccvn-max-scc-size'
+ Maximum size of a strongly connected component (SCC) during
+ SCCVN processing. If this limit is hit, SCCVN processing for
+ the whole function will not be done and optimizations
+ depending on it will be disabled. The default maximum SCC
+ size is 10000.
+
+ `ira-max-loops-num'
+ IRA uses a regional register allocation by default. If a
+ function contains loops more than number given by the
+ parameter, only at most given number of the most frequently
+ executed loops will form regions for the regional register
+ allocation. The default value of the parameter is 100.
+
+ `ira-max-conflict-table-size'
+ Although IRA uses a sophisticated algorithm of compression
+ conflict table, the table can be still big for huge
+ functions. If the conflict table for a function could be
+ more than size in MB given by the parameter, the conflict
+ table is not built and faster, simpler, and lower quality
+ register allocation algorithm will be used. The algorithm do
+ not use pseudo-register conflicts. The default value of the
+ parameter is 2000.
+
+ `loop-invariant-max-bbs-in-loop'
+ Loop invariant motion can be very expensive, both in compile
+ time and in amount of needed compile time memory, with very
+ large loops. Loops with more basic blocks than this
+ parameter won't have loop invariant motion optimization
+ performed on them. The default value of the parameter is
+ 1000 for -O1 and 10000 for -O2 and above.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Preprocessor Options, Next: Assembler Options, Prev: Optimize Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.11 Options Controlling the Preprocessor
+=========================================
+
+These options control the C preprocessor, which is run on each C source
+file before actual compilation.
+
+ If you use the `-E' option, nothing is done except preprocessing.
+Some of these options make sense only together with `-E' because they
+cause the preprocessor output to be unsuitable for actual compilation.
+
+`-Wp,OPTION'
+ You can use `-Wp,OPTION' to bypass the compiler driver and pass
+ OPTION directly through to the preprocessor. If OPTION contains
+ commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas. However,
+ many options are modified, translated or interpreted by the
+ compiler driver before being passed to the preprocessor, and `-Wp'
+ forcibly bypasses this phase. The preprocessor's direct interface
+ is undocumented and subject to change, so whenever possible you
+ should avoid using `-Wp' and let the driver handle the options
+ instead.
+
+`-Xpreprocessor OPTION'
+ Pass OPTION as an option to the preprocessor. You can use this to
+ supply system-specific preprocessor options which GCC does not
+ know how to recognize.
+
+ If you want to pass an option that takes an argument, you must use
+ `-Xpreprocessor' twice, once for the option and once for the
+ argument.
+
+`-D NAME'
+ Predefine NAME as a macro, with definition `1'.
+
+`-D NAME=DEFINITION'
+ The contents of DEFINITION are tokenized and processed as if they
+ appeared during translation phase three in a `#define' directive.
+ In particular, the definition will be truncated by embedded
+ newline characters.
+
+ If you are invoking the preprocessor from a shell or shell-like
+ program you may need to use the shell's quoting syntax to protect
+ characters such as spaces that have a meaning in the shell syntax.
+
+ If you wish to define a function-like macro on the command line,
+ write its argument list with surrounding parentheses before the
+ equals sign (if any). Parentheses are meaningful to most shells,
+ so you will need to quote the option. With `sh' and `csh',
+ `-D'NAME(ARGS...)=DEFINITION'' works.
+
+ `-D' and `-U' options are processed in the order they are given on
+ the command line. All `-imacros FILE' and `-include FILE' options
+ are processed after all `-D' and `-U' options.
+
+`-U NAME'
+ Cancel any previous definition of NAME, either built in or
+ provided with a `-D' option.
+
+`-undef'
+ Do not predefine any system-specific or GCC-specific macros. The
+ standard predefined macros remain defined.
+
+`-I DIR'
+ Add the directory DIR to the list of directories to be searched
+ for header files. Directories named by `-I' are searched before
+ the standard system include directories. If the directory DIR is
+ a standard system include directory, the option is ignored to
+ ensure that the default search order for system directories and
+ the special treatment of system headers are not defeated . If DIR
+ begins with `=', then the `=' will be replaced by the sysroot
+ prefix; see `--sysroot' and `-isysroot'.
+
+`-o FILE'
+ Write output to FILE. This is the same as specifying FILE as the
+ second non-option argument to `cpp'. `gcc' has a different
+ interpretation of a second non-option argument, so you must use
+ `-o' to specify the output file.
+
+`-Wall'
+ Turns on all optional warnings which are desirable for normal code.
+ At present this is `-Wcomment', `-Wtrigraphs', `-Wmultichar' and a
+ warning about integer promotion causing a change of sign in `#if'
+ expressions. Note that many of the preprocessor's warnings are on
+ by default and have no options to control them.
+
+`-Wcomment'
+`-Wcomments'
+ Warn whenever a comment-start sequence `/*' appears in a `/*'
+ comment, or whenever a backslash-newline appears in a `//' comment.
+ (Both forms have the same effect.)
+
+`-Wtrigraphs'
+ Most trigraphs in comments cannot affect the meaning of the
+ program. However, a trigraph that would form an escaped newline
+ (`??/' at the end of a line) can, by changing where the comment
+ begins or ends. Therefore, only trigraphs that would form escaped
+ newlines produce warnings inside a comment.
+
+ This option is implied by `-Wall'. If `-Wall' is not given, this
+ option is still enabled unless trigraphs are enabled. To get
+ trigraph conversion without warnings, but get the other `-Wall'
+ warnings, use `-trigraphs -Wall -Wno-trigraphs'.
+
+`-Wtraditional'
+ Warn about certain constructs that behave differently in
+ traditional and ISO C. Also warn about ISO C constructs that have
+ no traditional C equivalent, and problematic constructs which
+ should be avoided.
+
+`-Wundef'
+ Warn whenever an identifier which is not a macro is encountered in
+ an `#if' directive, outside of `defined'. Such identifiers are
+ replaced with zero.
+
+`-Wunused-macros'
+ Warn about macros defined in the main file that are unused. A
+ macro is "used" if it is expanded or tested for existence at least
+ once. The preprocessor will also warn if the macro has not been
+ used at the time it is redefined or undefined.
+
+ Built-in macros, macros defined on the command line, and macros
+ defined in include files are not warned about.
+
+ _Note:_ If a macro is actually used, but only used in skipped
+ conditional blocks, then CPP will report it as unused. To avoid
+ the warning in such a case, you might improve the scope of the
+ macro's definition by, for example, moving it into the first
+ skipped block. Alternatively, you could provide a dummy use with
+ something like:
+
+ #if defined the_macro_causing_the_warning
+ #endif
+
+`-Wendif-labels'
+ Warn whenever an `#else' or an `#endif' are followed by text.
+ This usually happens in code of the form
+
+ #if FOO
+ ...
+ #else FOO
+ ...
+ #endif FOO
+
+ The second and third `FOO' should be in comments, but often are not
+ in older programs. This warning is on by default.
+
+`-Werror'
+ Make all warnings into hard errors. Source code which triggers
+ warnings will be rejected.
+
+`-Wsystem-headers'
+ Issue warnings for code in system headers. These are normally
+ unhelpful in finding bugs in your own code, therefore suppressed.
+ If you are responsible for the system library, you may want to see
+ them.
+
+`-w'
+ Suppress all warnings, including those which GNU CPP issues by
+ default.
+
+`-pedantic'
+ Issue all the mandatory diagnostics listed in the C standard.
+ Some of them are left out by default, since they trigger
+ frequently on harmless code.
+
+`-pedantic-errors'
+ Issue all the mandatory diagnostics, and make all mandatory
+ diagnostics into errors. This includes mandatory diagnostics that
+ GCC issues without `-pedantic' but treats as warnings.
+
+`-M'
+ Instead of outputting the result of preprocessing, output a rule
+ suitable for `make' describing the dependencies of the main source
+ file. The preprocessor outputs one `make' rule containing the
+ object file name for that source file, a colon, and the names of
+ all the included files, including those coming from `-include' or
+ `-imacros' command line options.
+
+ Unless specified explicitly (with `-MT' or `-MQ'), the object file
+ name consists of the name of the source file with any suffix
+ replaced with object file suffix and with any leading directory
+ parts removed. If there are many included files then the rule is
+ split into several lines using `\'-newline. The rule has no
+ commands.
+
+ This option does not suppress the preprocessor's debug output,
+ such as `-dM'. To avoid mixing such debug output with the
+ dependency rules you should explicitly specify the dependency
+ output file with `-MF', or use an environment variable like
+ `DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT' (*note Environment Variables::). Debug
+ output will still be sent to the regular output stream as normal.
+
+ Passing `-M' to the driver implies `-E', and suppresses warnings
+ with an implicit `-w'.
+
+`-MM'
+ Like `-M' but do not mention header files that are found in system
+ header directories, nor header files that are included, directly
+ or indirectly, from such a header.
+
+ This implies that the choice of angle brackets or double quotes in
+ an `#include' directive does not in itself determine whether that
+ header will appear in `-MM' dependency output. This is a slight
+ change in semantics from GCC versions 3.0 and earlier.
+
+`-MF FILE'
+ When used with `-M' or `-MM', specifies a file to write the
+ dependencies to. If no `-MF' switch is given the preprocessor
+ sends the rules to the same place it would have sent preprocessed
+ output.
+
+ When used with the driver options `-MD' or `-MMD', `-MF' overrides
+ the default dependency output file.
+
+`-MG'
+ In conjunction with an option such as `-M' requesting dependency
+ generation, `-MG' assumes missing header files are generated files
+ and adds them to the dependency list without raising an error.
+ The dependency filename is taken directly from the `#include'
+ directive without prepending any path. `-MG' also suppresses
+ preprocessed output, as a missing header file renders this useless.
+
+ This feature is used in automatic updating of makefiles.
+
+`-MP'
+ This option instructs CPP to add a phony target for each dependency
+ other than the main file, causing each to depend on nothing. These
+ dummy rules work around errors `make' gives if you remove header
+ files without updating the `Makefile' to match.
+
+ This is typical output:
+
+ test.o: test.c test.h
+
+ test.h:
+
+`-MT TARGET'
+ Change the target of the rule emitted by dependency generation. By
+ default CPP takes the name of the main input file, deletes any
+ directory components and any file suffix such as `.c', and appends
+ the platform's usual object suffix. The result is the target.
+
+ An `-MT' option will set the target to be exactly the string you
+ specify. If you want multiple targets, you can specify them as a
+ single argument to `-MT', or use multiple `-MT' options.
+
+ For example, `-MT '$(objpfx)foo.o'' might give
+
+ $(objpfx)foo.o: foo.c
+
+`-MQ TARGET'
+ Same as `-MT', but it quotes any characters which are special to
+ Make. `-MQ '$(objpfx)foo.o'' gives
+
+ $$(objpfx)foo.o: foo.c
+
+ The default target is automatically quoted, as if it were given
+ with `-MQ'.
+
+`-MD'
+ `-MD' is equivalent to `-M -MF FILE', except that `-E' is not
+ implied. The driver determines FILE based on whether an `-o'
+ option is given. If it is, the driver uses its argument but with
+ a suffix of `.d', otherwise it takes the name of the input file,
+ removes any directory components and suffix, and applies a `.d'
+ suffix.
+
+ If `-MD' is used in conjunction with `-E', any `-o' switch is
+ understood to specify the dependency output file (*note -MF:
+ dashMF.), but if used without `-E', each `-o' is understood to
+ specify a target object file.
+
+ Since `-E' is not implied, `-MD' can be used to generate a
+ dependency output file as a side-effect of the compilation process.
+
+`-MMD'
+ Like `-MD' except mention only user header files, not system
+ header files.
+
+`-fpch-deps'
+ When using precompiled headers (*note Precompiled Headers::), this
+ flag will cause the dependency-output flags to also list the files
+ from the precompiled header's dependencies. If not specified only
+ the precompiled header would be listed and not the files that were
+ used to create it because those files are not consulted when a
+ precompiled header is used.
+
+`-fpch-preprocess'
+ This option allows use of a precompiled header (*note Precompiled
+ Headers::) together with `-E'. It inserts a special `#pragma',
+ `#pragma GCC pch_preprocess "<filename>"' in the output to mark
+ the place where the precompiled header was found, and its
+ filename. When `-fpreprocessed' is in use, GCC recognizes this
+ `#pragma' and loads the PCH.
+
+ This option is off by default, because the resulting preprocessed
+ output is only really suitable as input to GCC. It is switched on
+ by `-save-temps'.
+
+ You should not write this `#pragma' in your own code, but it is
+ safe to edit the filename if the PCH file is available in a
+ different location. The filename may be absolute or it may be
+ relative to GCC's current directory.
+
+`-x c'
+`-x c++'
+`-x objective-c'
+`-x assembler-with-cpp'
+ Specify the source language: C, C++, Objective-C, or assembly.
+ This has nothing to do with standards conformance or extensions;
+ it merely selects which base syntax to expect. If you give none
+ of these options, cpp will deduce the language from the extension
+ of the source file: `.c', `.cc', `.m', or `.S'. Some other common
+ extensions for C++ and assembly are also recognized. If cpp does
+ not recognize the extension, it will treat the file as C; this is
+ the most generic mode.
+
+ _Note:_ Previous versions of cpp accepted a `-lang' option which
+ selected both the language and the standards conformance level.
+ This option has been removed, because it conflicts with the `-l'
+ option.
+
+`-std=STANDARD'
+`-ansi'
+ Specify the standard to which the code should conform. Currently
+ CPP knows about C and C++ standards; others may be added in the
+ future.
+
+ STANDARD may be one of:
+ `iso9899:1990'
+ `c89'
+ The ISO C standard from 1990. `c89' is the customary
+ shorthand for this version of the standard.
+
+ The `-ansi' option is equivalent to `-std=c89'.
+
+ `iso9899:199409'
+ The 1990 C standard, as amended in 1994.
+
+ `iso9899:1999'
+ `c99'
+ `iso9899:199x'
+ `c9x'
+ The revised ISO C standard, published in December 1999.
+ Before publication, this was known as C9X.
+
+ `gnu89'
+ The 1990 C standard plus GNU extensions. This is the default.
+
+ `gnu99'
+ `gnu9x'
+ The 1999 C standard plus GNU extensions.
+
+ `c++98'
+ The 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments.
+
+ `gnu++98'
+ The same as `-std=c++98' plus GNU extensions. This is the
+ default for C++ code.
+
+`-I-'
+ Split the include path. Any directories specified with `-I'
+ options before `-I-' are searched only for headers requested with
+ `#include "FILE"'; they are not searched for `#include <FILE>'.
+ If additional directories are specified with `-I' options after
+ the `-I-', those directories are searched for all `#include'
+ directives.
+
+ In addition, `-I-' inhibits the use of the directory of the current
+ file directory as the first search directory for `#include "FILE"'.
+ This option has been deprecated.
+
+`-nostdinc'
+ Do not search the standard system directories for header files.
+ Only the directories you have specified with `-I' options (and the
+ directory of the current file, if appropriate) are searched.
+
+`-nostdinc++'
+ Do not search for header files in the C++-specific standard
+ directories, but do still search the other standard directories.
+ (This option is used when building the C++ library.)
+
+`-include FILE'
+ Process FILE as if `#include "file"' appeared as the first line of
+ the primary source file. However, the first directory searched
+ for FILE is the preprocessor's working directory _instead of_ the
+ directory containing the main source file. If not found there, it
+ is searched for in the remainder of the `#include "..."' search
+ chain as normal.
+
+ If multiple `-include' options are given, the files are included
+ in the order they appear on the command line.
+
+`-imacros FILE'
+ Exactly like `-include', except that any output produced by
+ scanning FILE is thrown away. Macros it defines remain defined.
+ This allows you to acquire all the macros from a header without
+ also processing its declarations.
+
+ All files specified by `-imacros' are processed before all files
+ specified by `-include'.
+
+`-idirafter DIR'
+ Search DIR for header files, but do it _after_ all directories
+ specified with `-I' and the standard system directories have been
+ exhausted. DIR is treated as a system include directory. If DIR
+ begins with `=', then the `=' will be replaced by the sysroot
+ prefix; see `--sysroot' and `-isysroot'.
+
+`-iprefix PREFIX'
+ Specify PREFIX as the prefix for subsequent `-iwithprefix'
+ options. If the prefix represents a directory, you should include
+ the final `/'.
+
+`-iwithprefix DIR'
+`-iwithprefixbefore DIR'
+ Append DIR to the prefix specified previously with `-iprefix', and
+ add the resulting directory to the include search path.
+ `-iwithprefixbefore' puts it in the same place `-I' would;
+ `-iwithprefix' puts it where `-idirafter' would.
+
+`-isysroot DIR'
+ This option is like the `--sysroot' option, but applies only to
+ header files. See the `--sysroot' option for more information.
+
+`-imultilib DIR'
+ Use DIR as a subdirectory of the directory containing
+ target-specific C++ headers.
+
+`-isystem DIR'
+ Search DIR for header files, after all directories specified by
+ `-I' but before the standard system directories. Mark it as a
+ system directory, so that it gets the same special treatment as is
+ applied to the standard system directories. If DIR begins with
+ `=', then the `=' will be replaced by the sysroot prefix; see
+ `--sysroot' and `-isysroot'.
+
+`-iquote DIR'
+ Search DIR only for header files requested with `#include "FILE"';
+ they are not searched for `#include <FILE>', before all
+ directories specified by `-I' and before the standard system
+ directories. If DIR begins with `=', then the `=' will be replaced
+ by the sysroot prefix; see `--sysroot' and `-isysroot'.
+
+`-fdirectives-only'
+ When preprocessing, handle directives, but do not expand macros.
+
+ The option's behavior depends on the `-E' and `-fpreprocessed'
+ options.
+
+ With `-E', preprocessing is limited to the handling of directives
+ such as `#define', `#ifdef', and `#error'. Other preprocessor
+ operations, such as macro expansion and trigraph conversion are
+ not performed. In addition, the `-dD' option is implicitly
+ enabled.
+
+ With `-fpreprocessed', predefinition of command line and most
+ builtin macros is disabled. Macros such as `__LINE__', which are
+ contextually dependent, are handled normally. This enables
+ compilation of files previously preprocessed with `-E
+ -fdirectives-only'.
+
+ With both `-E' and `-fpreprocessed', the rules for
+ `-fpreprocessed' take precedence. This enables full preprocessing
+ of files previously preprocessed with `-E -fdirectives-only'.
+
+`-fdollars-in-identifiers'
+ Accept `$' in identifiers.
+
+`-fextended-identifiers'
+ Accept universal character names in identifiers. This option is
+ experimental; in a future version of GCC, it will be enabled by
+ default for C99 and C++.
+
+`-fpreprocessed'
+ Indicate to the preprocessor that the input file has already been
+ preprocessed. This suppresses things like macro expansion,
+ trigraph conversion, escaped newline splicing, and processing of
+ most directives. The preprocessor still recognizes and removes
+ comments, so that you can pass a file preprocessed with `-C' to
+ the compiler without problems. In this mode the integrated
+ preprocessor is little more than a tokenizer for the front ends.
+
+ `-fpreprocessed' is implicit if the input file has one of the
+ extensions `.i', `.ii' or `.mi'. These are the extensions that
+ GCC uses for preprocessed files created by `-save-temps'.
+
+`-ftabstop=WIDTH'
+ Set the distance between tab stops. This helps the preprocessor
+ report correct column numbers in warnings or errors, even if tabs
+ appear on the line. If the value is less than 1 or greater than
+ 100, the option is ignored. The default is 8.
+
+`-fexec-charset=CHARSET'
+ Set the execution character set, used for string and character
+ constants. The default is UTF-8. CHARSET can be any encoding
+ supported by the system's `iconv' library routine.
+
+`-fwide-exec-charset=CHARSET'
+ Set the wide execution character set, used for wide string and
+ character constants. The default is UTF-32 or UTF-16, whichever
+ corresponds to the width of `wchar_t'. As with `-fexec-charset',
+ CHARSET can be any encoding supported by the system's `iconv'
+ library routine; however, you will have problems with encodings
+ that do not fit exactly in `wchar_t'.
+
+`-finput-charset=CHARSET'
+ Set the input character set, used for translation from the
+ character set of the input file to the source character set used
+ by GCC. If the locale does not specify, or GCC cannot get this
+ information from the locale, the default is UTF-8. This can be
+ overridden by either the locale or this command line option.
+ Currently the command line option takes precedence if there's a
+ conflict. CHARSET can be any encoding supported by the system's
+ `iconv' library routine.
+
+`-fworking-directory'
+ Enable generation of linemarkers in the preprocessor output that
+ will let the compiler know the current working directory at the
+ time of preprocessing. When this option is enabled, the
+ preprocessor will emit, after the initial linemarker, a second
+ linemarker with the current working directory followed by two
+ slashes. GCC will use this directory, when it's present in the
+ preprocessed input, as the directory emitted as the current
+ working directory in some debugging information formats. This
+ option is implicitly enabled if debugging information is enabled,
+ but this can be inhibited with the negated form
+ `-fno-working-directory'. If the `-P' flag is present in the
+ command line, this option has no effect, since no `#line'
+ directives are emitted whatsoever.
+
+`-fno-show-column'
+ Do not print column numbers in diagnostics. This may be necessary
+ if diagnostics are being scanned by a program that does not
+ understand the column numbers, such as `dejagnu'.
+
+`-A PREDICATE=ANSWER'
+ Make an assertion with the predicate PREDICATE and answer ANSWER.
+ This form is preferred to the older form `-A PREDICATE(ANSWER)',
+ which is still supported, because it does not use shell special
+ characters.
+
+`-A -PREDICATE=ANSWER'
+ Cancel an assertion with the predicate PREDICATE and answer ANSWER.
+
+`-dCHARS'
+ CHARS is a sequence of one or more of the following characters,
+ and must not be preceded by a space. Other characters are
+ interpreted by the compiler proper, or reserved for future
+ versions of GCC, and so are silently ignored. If you specify
+ characters whose behavior conflicts, the result is undefined.
+
+ `M'
+ Instead of the normal output, generate a list of `#define'
+ directives for all the macros defined during the execution of
+ the preprocessor, including predefined macros. This gives
+ you a way of finding out what is predefined in your version
+ of the preprocessor. Assuming you have no file `foo.h', the
+ command
+
+ touch foo.h; cpp -dM foo.h
+
+ will show all the predefined macros.
+
+ If you use `-dM' without the `-E' option, `-dM' is
+ interpreted as a synonym for `-fdump-rtl-mach'. *Note
+ Debugging Options: (gcc)Debugging Options.
+
+ `D'
+ Like `M' except in two respects: it does _not_ include the
+ predefined macros, and it outputs _both_ the `#define'
+ directives and the result of preprocessing. Both kinds of
+ output go to the standard output file.
+
+ `N'
+ Like `D', but emit only the macro names, not their expansions.
+
+ `I'
+ Output `#include' directives in addition to the result of
+ preprocessing.
+
+ `U'
+ Like `D' except that only macros that are expanded, or whose
+ definedness is tested in preprocessor directives, are output;
+ the output is delayed until the use or test of the macro; and
+ `#undef' directives are also output for macros tested but
+ undefined at the time.
+
+`-P'
+ Inhibit generation of linemarkers in the output from the
+ preprocessor. This might be useful when running the preprocessor
+ on something that is not C code, and will be sent to a program
+ which might be confused by the linemarkers.
+
+`-C'
+ Do not discard comments. All comments are passed through to the
+ output file, except for comments in processed directives, which
+ are deleted along with the directive.
+
+ You should be prepared for side effects when using `-C'; it causes
+ the preprocessor to treat comments as tokens in their own right.
+ For example, comments appearing at the start of what would be a
+ directive line have the effect of turning that line into an
+ ordinary source line, since the first token on the line is no
+ longer a `#'.
+
+`-CC'
+ Do not discard comments, including during macro expansion. This is
+ like `-C', except that comments contained within macros are also
+ passed through to the output file where the macro is expanded.
+
+ In addition to the side-effects of the `-C' option, the `-CC'
+ option causes all C++-style comments inside a macro to be
+ converted to C-style comments. This is to prevent later use of
+ that macro from inadvertently commenting out the remainder of the
+ source line.
+
+ The `-CC' option is generally used to support lint comments.
+
+`-traditional-cpp'
+ Try to imitate the behavior of old-fashioned C preprocessors, as
+ opposed to ISO C preprocessors.
+
+`-trigraphs'
+ Process trigraph sequences. These are three-character sequences,
+ all starting with `??', that are defined by ISO C to stand for
+ single characters. For example, `??/' stands for `\', so `'??/n''
+ is a character constant for a newline. By default, GCC ignores
+ trigraphs, but in standard-conforming modes it converts them. See
+ the `-std' and `-ansi' options.
+
+ The nine trigraphs and their replacements are
+
+ Trigraph: ??( ??) ??< ??> ??= ??/ ??' ??! ??-
+ Replacement: [ ] { } # \ ^ | ~
+
+`-remap'
+ Enable special code to work around file systems which only permit
+ very short file names, such as MS-DOS.
+
+`--help'
+`--target-help'
+ Print text describing all the command line options instead of
+ preprocessing anything.
+
+`-v'
+ Verbose mode. Print out GNU CPP's version number at the beginning
+ of execution, and report the final form of the include path.
+
+`-H'
+ Print the name of each header file used, in addition to other
+ normal activities. Each name is indented to show how deep in the
+ `#include' stack it is. Precompiled header files are also
+ printed, even if they are found to be invalid; an invalid
+ precompiled header file is printed with `...x' and a valid one
+ with `...!' .
+
+`-version'
+`--version'
+ Print out GNU CPP's version number. With one dash, proceed to
+ preprocess as normal. With two dashes, exit immediately.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Assembler Options, Next: Link Options, Prev: Preprocessor Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.12 Passing Options to the Assembler
+=====================================
+
+You can pass options to the assembler.
+
+`-Wa,OPTION'
+ Pass OPTION as an option to the assembler. If OPTION contains
+ commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas.
+
+`-Xassembler OPTION'
+ Pass OPTION as an option to the assembler. You can use this to
+ supply system-specific assembler options which GCC does not know
+ how to recognize.
+
+ If you want to pass an option that takes an argument, you must use
+ `-Xassembler' twice, once for the option and once for the argument.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Link Options, Next: Directory Options, Prev: Assembler Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.13 Options for Linking
+========================
+
+These options come into play when the compiler links object files into
+an executable output file. They are meaningless if the compiler is not
+doing a link step.
+
+`OBJECT-FILE-NAME'
+ A file name that does not end in a special recognized suffix is
+ considered to name an object file or library. (Object files are
+ distinguished from libraries by the linker according to the file
+ contents.) If linking is done, these object files are used as
+ input to the linker.
+
+`-c'
+`-S'
+`-E'
+ If any of these options is used, then the linker is not run, and
+ object file names should not be used as arguments. *Note Overall
+ Options::.
+
+`-lLIBRARY'
+`-l LIBRARY'
+ Search the library named LIBRARY when linking. (The second
+ alternative with the library as a separate argument is only for
+ POSIX compliance and is not recommended.)
+
+ It makes a difference where in the command you write this option;
+ the linker searches and processes libraries and object files in
+ the order they are specified. Thus, `foo.o -lz bar.o' searches
+ library `z' after file `foo.o' but before `bar.o'. If `bar.o'
+ refers to functions in `z', those functions may not be loaded.
+
+ The linker searches a standard list of directories for the library,
+ which is actually a file named `libLIBRARY.a'. The linker then
+ uses this file as if it had been specified precisely by name.
+
+ The directories searched include several standard system
+ directories plus any that you specify with `-L'.
+
+ Normally the files found this way are library files--archive files
+ whose members are object files. The linker handles an archive
+ file by scanning through it for members which define symbols that
+ have so far been referenced but not defined. But if the file that
+ is found is an ordinary object file, it is linked in the usual
+ fashion. The only difference between using an `-l' option and
+ specifying a file name is that `-l' surrounds LIBRARY with `lib'
+ and `.a' and searches several directories.
+
+`-lobjc'
+ You need this special case of the `-l' option in order to link an
+ Objective-C or Objective-C++ program.
+
+`-nostartfiles'
+ Do not use the standard system startup files when linking. The
+ standard system libraries are used normally, unless `-nostdlib' or
+ `-nodefaultlibs' is used.
+
+`-nodefaultlibs'
+ Do not use the standard system libraries when linking. Only the
+ libraries you specify will be passed to the linker. The standard
+ startup files are used normally, unless `-nostartfiles' is used.
+ The compiler may generate calls to `memcmp', `memset', `memcpy'
+ and `memmove'. These entries are usually resolved by entries in
+ libc. These entry points should be supplied through some other
+ mechanism when this option is specified.
+
+`-nostdlib'
+ Do not use the standard system startup files or libraries when
+ linking. No startup files and only the libraries you specify will
+ be passed to the linker. The compiler may generate calls to
+ `memcmp', `memset', `memcpy' and `memmove'. These entries are
+ usually resolved by entries in libc. These entry points should be
+ supplied through some other mechanism when this option is
+ specified.
+
+ One of the standard libraries bypassed by `-nostdlib' and
+ `-nodefaultlibs' is `libgcc.a', a library of internal subroutines
+ that GCC uses to overcome shortcomings of particular machines, or
+ special needs for some languages. (*Note Interfacing to GCC
+ Output: (gccint)Interface, for more discussion of `libgcc.a'.) In
+ most cases, you need `libgcc.a' even when you want to avoid other
+ standard libraries. In other words, when you specify `-nostdlib'
+ or `-nodefaultlibs' you should usually specify `-lgcc' as well.
+ This ensures that you have no unresolved references to internal GCC
+ library subroutines. (For example, `__main', used to ensure C++
+ constructors will be called; *note `collect2': (gccint)Collect2.)
+
+`-pie'
+ Produce a position independent executable on targets which support
+ it. For predictable results, you must also specify the same set
+ of options that were used to generate code (`-fpie', `-fPIE', or
+ model suboptions) when you specify this option.
+
+`-rdynamic'
+ Pass the flag `-export-dynamic' to the ELF linker, on targets that
+ support it. This instructs the linker to add all symbols, not only
+ used ones, to the dynamic symbol table. This option is needed for
+ some uses of `dlopen' or to allow obtaining backtraces from within
+ a program.
+
+`-s'
+ Remove all symbol table and relocation information from the
+ executable.
+
+`-static'
+ On systems that support dynamic linking, this prevents linking
+ with the shared libraries. On other systems, this option has no
+ effect.
+
+`-shared'
+ Produce a shared object which can then be linked with other
+ objects to form an executable. Not all systems support this
+ option. For predictable results, you must also specify the same
+ set of options that were used to generate code (`-fpic', `-fPIC',
+ or model suboptions) when you specify this option.(1)
+
+`-shared-libgcc'
+`-static-libgcc'
+ On systems that provide `libgcc' as a shared library, these options
+ force the use of either the shared or static version respectively.
+ If no shared version of `libgcc' was built when the compiler was
+ configured, these options have no effect.
+
+ There are several situations in which an application should use the
+ shared `libgcc' instead of the static version. The most common of
+ these is when the application wishes to throw and catch exceptions
+ across different shared libraries. In that case, each of the
+ libraries as well as the application itself should use the shared
+ `libgcc'.
+
+ Therefore, the G++ and GCJ drivers automatically add
+ `-shared-libgcc' whenever you build a shared library or a main
+ executable, because C++ and Java programs typically use
+ exceptions, so this is the right thing to do.
+
+ If, instead, you use the GCC driver to create shared libraries,
+ you may find that they will not always be linked with the shared
+ `libgcc'. If GCC finds, at its configuration time, that you have
+ a non-GNU linker or a GNU linker that does not support option
+ `--eh-frame-hdr', it will link the shared version of `libgcc' into
+ shared libraries by default. Otherwise, it will take advantage of
+ the linker and optimize away the linking with the shared version
+ of `libgcc', linking with the static version of libgcc by default.
+ This allows exceptions to propagate through such shared libraries,
+ without incurring relocation costs at library load time.
+
+ However, if a library or main executable is supposed to throw or
+ catch exceptions, you must link it using the G++ or GCJ driver, as
+ appropriate for the languages used in the program, or using the
+ option `-shared-libgcc', such that it is linked with the shared
+ `libgcc'.
+
+`-symbolic'
+ Bind references to global symbols when building a shared object.
+ Warn about any unresolved references (unless overridden by the
+ link editor option `-Xlinker -z -Xlinker defs'). Only a few
+ systems support this option.
+
+`-T SCRIPT'
+ Use SCRIPT as the linker script. This option is supported by most
+ systems using the GNU linker. On some targets, such as bare-board
+ targets without an operating system, the `-T' option may be
+ required when linking to avoid references to undefined symbols.
+
+`-Xlinker OPTION'
+ Pass OPTION as an option to the linker. You can use this to
+ supply system-specific linker options which GCC does not know how
+ to recognize.
+
+ If you want to pass an option that takes a separate argument, you
+ must use `-Xlinker' twice, once for the option and once for the
+ argument. For example, to pass `-assert definitions', you must
+ write `-Xlinker -assert -Xlinker definitions'. It does not work
+ to write `-Xlinker "-assert definitions"', because this passes the
+ entire string as a single argument, which is not what the linker
+ expects.
+
+ When using the GNU linker, it is usually more convenient to pass
+ arguments to linker options using the `OPTION=VALUE' syntax than
+ as separate arguments. For example, you can specify `-Xlinker
+ -Map=output.map' rather than `-Xlinker -Map -Xlinker output.map'.
+ Other linkers may not support this syntax for command-line options.
+
+`-Wl,OPTION'
+ Pass OPTION as an option to the linker. If OPTION contains
+ commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas. You can
+ use this syntax to pass an argument to the option. For example,
+ `-Wl,-Map,output.map' passes `-Map output.map' to the linker.
+ When using the GNU linker, you can also get the same effect with
+ `-Wl,-Map=output.map'.
+
+`-u SYMBOL'
+ Pretend the symbol SYMBOL is undefined, to force linking of
+ library modules to define it. You can use `-u' multiple times with
+ different symbols to force loading of additional library modules.
+
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) On some systems, `gcc -shared' needs to build supplementary stub
+code for constructors to work. On multi-libbed systems, `gcc -shared'
+must select the correct support libraries to link against. Failing to
+supply the correct flags may lead to subtle defects. Supplying them in
+cases where they are not necessary is innocuous.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Directory Options, Next: Spec Files, Prev: Link Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.14 Options for Directory Search
+=================================
+
+These options specify directories to search for header files, for
+libraries and for parts of the compiler:
+
+`-IDIR'
+ Add the directory DIR to the head of the list of directories to be
+ searched for header files. This can be used to override a system
+ header file, substituting your own version, since these
+ directories are searched before the system header file
+ directories. However, you should not use this option to add
+ directories that contain vendor-supplied system header files (use
+ `-isystem' for that). If you use more than one `-I' option, the
+ directories are scanned in left-to-right order; the standard
+ system directories come after.
+
+ If a standard system include directory, or a directory specified
+ with `-isystem', is also specified with `-I', the `-I' option will
+ be ignored. The directory will still be searched but as a system
+ directory at its normal position in the system include chain.
+ This is to ensure that GCC's procedure to fix buggy system headers
+ and the ordering for the include_next directive are not
+ inadvertently changed. If you really need to change the search
+ order for system directories, use the `-nostdinc' and/or
+ `-isystem' options.
+
+`-iquoteDIR'
+ Add the directory DIR to the head of the list of directories to be
+ searched for header files only for the case of `#include "FILE"';
+ they are not searched for `#include <FILE>', otherwise just like
+ `-I'.
+
+`-LDIR'
+ Add directory DIR to the list of directories to be searched for
+ `-l'.
+
+`-BPREFIX'
+ This option specifies where to find the executables, libraries,
+ include files, and data files of the compiler itself.
+
+ The compiler driver program runs one or more of the subprograms
+ `cpp', `cc1', `as' and `ld'. It tries PREFIX as a prefix for each
+ program it tries to run, both with and without `MACHINE/VERSION/'
+ (*note Target Options::).
+
+ For each subprogram to be run, the compiler driver first tries the
+ `-B' prefix, if any. If that name is not found, or if `-B' was
+ not specified, the driver tries two standard prefixes, which are
+ `/usr/lib/gcc/' and `/usr/local/lib/gcc/'. If neither of those
+ results in a file name that is found, the unmodified program name
+ is searched for using the directories specified in your `PATH'
+ environment variable.
+
+ The compiler will check to see if the path provided by the `-B'
+ refers to a directory, and if necessary it will add a directory
+ separator character at the end of the path.
+
+ `-B' prefixes that effectively specify directory names also apply
+ to libraries in the linker, because the compiler translates these
+ options into `-L' options for the linker. They also apply to
+ includes files in the preprocessor, because the compiler
+ translates these options into `-isystem' options for the
+ preprocessor. In this case, the compiler appends `include' to the
+ prefix.
+
+ The run-time support file `libgcc.a' can also be searched for using
+ the `-B' prefix, if needed. If it is not found there, the two
+ standard prefixes above are tried, and that is all. The file is
+ left out of the link if it is not found by those means.
+
+ Another way to specify a prefix much like the `-B' prefix is to use
+ the environment variable `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'. *Note Environment
+ Variables::.
+
+ As a special kludge, if the path provided by `-B' is
+ `[dir/]stageN/', where N is a number in the range 0 to 9, then it
+ will be replaced by `[dir/]include'. This is to help with
+ boot-strapping the compiler.
+
+`-specs=FILE'
+ Process FILE after the compiler reads in the standard `specs'
+ file, in order to override the defaults that the `gcc' driver
+ program uses when determining what switches to pass to `cc1',
+ `cc1plus', `as', `ld', etc. More than one `-specs=FILE' can be
+ specified on the command line, and they are processed in order,
+ from left to right.
+
+`--sysroot=DIR'
+ Use DIR as the logical root directory for headers and libraries.
+ For example, if the compiler would normally search for headers in
+ `/usr/include' and libraries in `/usr/lib', it will instead search
+ `DIR/usr/include' and `DIR/usr/lib'.
+
+ If you use both this option and the `-isysroot' option, then the
+ `--sysroot' option will apply to libraries, but the `-isysroot'
+ option will apply to header files.
+
+ The GNU linker (beginning with version 2.16) has the necessary
+ support for this option. If your linker does not support this
+ option, the header file aspect of `--sysroot' will still work, but
+ the library aspect will not.
+
+`-I-'
+ This option has been deprecated. Please use `-iquote' instead for
+ `-I' directories before the `-I-' and remove the `-I-'. Any
+ directories you specify with `-I' options before the `-I-' option
+ are searched only for the case of `#include "FILE"'; they are not
+ searched for `#include <FILE>'.
+
+ If additional directories are specified with `-I' options after
+ the `-I-', these directories are searched for all `#include'
+ directives. (Ordinarily _all_ `-I' directories are used this way.)
+
+ In addition, the `-I-' option inhibits the use of the current
+ directory (where the current input file came from) as the first
+ search directory for `#include "FILE"'. There is no way to
+ override this effect of `-I-'. With `-I.' you can specify
+ searching the directory which was current when the compiler was
+ invoked. That is not exactly the same as what the preprocessor
+ does by default, but it is often satisfactory.
+
+ `-I-' does not inhibit the use of the standard system directories
+ for header files. Thus, `-I-' and `-nostdinc' are independent.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Spec Files, Next: Target Options, Prev: Directory Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.15 Specifying subprocesses and the switches to pass to them
+=============================================================
+
+`gcc' is a driver program. It performs its job by invoking a sequence
+of other programs to do the work of compiling, assembling and linking.
+GCC interprets its command-line parameters and uses these to deduce
+which programs it should invoke, and which command-line options it
+ought to place on their command lines. This behavior is controlled by
+"spec strings". In most cases there is one spec string for each
+program that GCC can invoke, but a few programs have multiple spec
+strings to control their behavior. The spec strings built into GCC can
+be overridden by using the `-specs=' command-line switch to specify a
+spec file.
+
+ "Spec files" are plaintext files that are used to construct spec
+strings. They consist of a sequence of directives separated by blank
+lines. The type of directive is determined by the first non-whitespace
+character on the line and it can be one of the following:
+
+`%COMMAND'
+ Issues a COMMAND to the spec file processor. The commands that can
+ appear here are:
+
+ `%include <FILE>'
+ Search for FILE and insert its text at the current point in
+ the specs file.
+
+ `%include_noerr <FILE>'
+ Just like `%include', but do not generate an error message if
+ the include file cannot be found.
+
+ `%rename OLD_NAME NEW_NAME'
+ Rename the spec string OLD_NAME to NEW_NAME.
+
+
+`*[SPEC_NAME]:'
+ This tells the compiler to create, override or delete the named
+ spec string. All lines after this directive up to the next
+ directive or blank line are considered to be the text for the spec
+ string. If this results in an empty string then the spec will be
+ deleted. (Or, if the spec did not exist, then nothing will
+ happened.) Otherwise, if the spec does not currently exist a new
+ spec will be created. If the spec does exist then its contents
+ will be overridden by the text of this directive, unless the first
+ character of that text is the `+' character, in which case the
+ text will be appended to the spec.
+
+`[SUFFIX]:'
+ Creates a new `[SUFFIX] spec' pair. All lines after this directive
+ and up to the next directive or blank line are considered to make
+ up the spec string for the indicated suffix. When the compiler
+ encounters an input file with the named suffix, it will processes
+ the spec string in order to work out how to compile that file.
+ For example:
+
+ .ZZ:
+ z-compile -input %i
+
+ This says that any input file whose name ends in `.ZZ' should be
+ passed to the program `z-compile', which should be invoked with the
+ command-line switch `-input' and with the result of performing the
+ `%i' substitution. (See below.)
+
+ As an alternative to providing a spec string, the text that
+ follows a suffix directive can be one of the following:
+
+ `@LANGUAGE'
+ This says that the suffix is an alias for a known LANGUAGE.
+ This is similar to using the `-x' command-line switch to GCC
+ to specify a language explicitly. For example:
+
+ .ZZ:
+ @c++
+
+ Says that .ZZ files are, in fact, C++ source files.
+
+ `#NAME'
+ This causes an error messages saying:
+
+ NAME compiler not installed on this system.
+
+ GCC already has an extensive list of suffixes built into it. This
+ directive will add an entry to the end of the list of suffixes, but
+ since the list is searched from the end backwards, it is
+ effectively possible to override earlier entries using this
+ technique.
+
+
+ GCC has the following spec strings built into it. Spec files can
+override these strings or create their own. Note that individual
+targets can also add their own spec strings to this list.
+
+ asm Options to pass to the assembler
+ asm_final Options to pass to the assembler post-processor
+ cpp Options to pass to the C preprocessor
+ cc1 Options to pass to the C compiler
+ cc1plus Options to pass to the C++ compiler
+ endfile Object files to include at the end of the link
+ link Options to pass to the linker
+ lib Libraries to include on the command line to the linker
+ libgcc Decides which GCC support library to pass to the linker
+ linker Sets the name of the linker
+ predefines Defines to be passed to the C preprocessor
+ signed_char Defines to pass to CPP to say whether `char' is signed
+ by default
+ startfile Object files to include at the start of the link
+
+ Here is a small example of a spec file:
+
+ %rename lib old_lib
+
+ *lib:
+ --start-group -lgcc -lc -leval1 --end-group %(old_lib)
+
+ This example renames the spec called `lib' to `old_lib' and then
+overrides the previous definition of `lib' with a new one. The new
+definition adds in some extra command-line options before including the
+text of the old definition.
+
+ "Spec strings" are a list of command-line options to be passed to their
+corresponding program. In addition, the spec strings can contain
+`%'-prefixed sequences to substitute variable text or to conditionally
+insert text into the command line. Using these constructs it is
+possible to generate quite complex command lines.
+
+ Here is a table of all defined `%'-sequences for spec strings. Note
+that spaces are not generated automatically around the results of
+expanding these sequences. Therefore you can concatenate them together
+or combine them with constant text in a single argument.
+
+`%%'
+ Substitute one `%' into the program name or argument.
+
+`%i'
+ Substitute the name of the input file being processed.
+
+`%b'
+ Substitute the basename of the input file being processed. This
+ is the substring up to (and not including) the last period and not
+ including the directory.
+
+`%B'
+ This is the same as `%b', but include the file suffix (text after
+ the last period).
+
+`%d'
+ Marks the argument containing or following the `%d' as a temporary
+ file name, so that that file will be deleted if GCC exits
+ successfully. Unlike `%g', this contributes no text to the
+ argument.
+
+`%gSUFFIX'
+ Substitute a file name that has suffix SUFFIX and is chosen once
+ per compilation, and mark the argument in the same way as `%d'.
+ To reduce exposure to denial-of-service attacks, the file name is
+ now chosen in a way that is hard to predict even when previously
+ chosen file names are known. For example, `%g.s ... %g.o ... %g.s'
+ might turn into `ccUVUUAU.s ccXYAXZ12.o ccUVUUAU.s'. SUFFIX
+ matches the regexp `[.A-Za-z]*' or the special string `%O', which
+ is treated exactly as if `%O' had been preprocessed. Previously,
+ `%g' was simply substituted with a file name chosen once per
+ compilation, without regard to any appended suffix (which was
+ therefore treated just like ordinary text), making such attacks
+ more likely to succeed.
+
+`%uSUFFIX'
+ Like `%g', but generates a new temporary file name even if
+ `%uSUFFIX' was already seen.
+
+`%USUFFIX'
+ Substitutes the last file name generated with `%uSUFFIX',
+ generating a new one if there is no such last file name. In the
+ absence of any `%uSUFFIX', this is just like `%gSUFFIX', except
+ they don't share the same suffix _space_, so `%g.s ... %U.s ...
+ %g.s ... %U.s' would involve the generation of two distinct file
+ names, one for each `%g.s' and another for each `%U.s'.
+ Previously, `%U' was simply substituted with a file name chosen
+ for the previous `%u', without regard to any appended suffix.
+
+`%jSUFFIX'
+ Substitutes the name of the `HOST_BIT_BUCKET', if any, and if it is
+ writable, and if save-temps is off; otherwise, substitute the name
+ of a temporary file, just like `%u'. This temporary file is not
+ meant for communication between processes, but rather as a junk
+ disposal mechanism.
+
+`%|SUFFIX'
+`%mSUFFIX'
+ Like `%g', except if `-pipe' is in effect. In that case `%|'
+ substitutes a single dash and `%m' substitutes nothing at all.
+ These are the two most common ways to instruct a program that it
+ should read from standard input or write to standard output. If
+ you need something more elaborate you can use an `%{pipe:`X'}'
+ construct: see for example `f/lang-specs.h'.
+
+`%.SUFFIX'
+ Substitutes .SUFFIX for the suffixes of a matched switch's args
+ when it is subsequently output with `%*'. SUFFIX is terminated by
+ the next space or %.
+
+`%w'
+ Marks the argument containing or following the `%w' as the
+ designated output file of this compilation. This puts the argument
+ into the sequence of arguments that `%o' will substitute later.
+
+`%o'
+ Substitutes the names of all the output files, with spaces
+ automatically placed around them. You should write spaces around
+ the `%o' as well or the results are undefined. `%o' is for use in
+ the specs for running the linker. Input files whose names have no
+ recognized suffix are not compiled at all, but they are included
+ among the output files, so they will be linked.
+
+`%O'
+ Substitutes the suffix for object files. Note that this is
+ handled specially when it immediately follows `%g, %u, or %U',
+ because of the need for those to form complete file names. The
+ handling is such that `%O' is treated exactly as if it had already
+ been substituted, except that `%g, %u, and %U' do not currently
+ support additional SUFFIX characters following `%O' as they would
+ following, for example, `.o'.
+
+`%p'
+ Substitutes the standard macro predefinitions for the current
+ target machine. Use this when running `cpp'.
+
+`%P'
+ Like `%p', but puts `__' before and after the name of each
+ predefined macro, except for macros that start with `__' or with
+ `_L', where L is an uppercase letter. This is for ISO C.
+
+`%I'
+ Substitute any of `-iprefix' (made from `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'),
+ `-isysroot' (made from `TARGET_SYSTEM_ROOT'), `-isystem' (made
+ from `COMPILER_PATH' and `-B' options) and `-imultilib' as
+ necessary.
+
+`%s'
+ Current argument is the name of a library or startup file of some
+ sort. Search for that file in a standard list of directories and
+ substitute the full name found.
+
+`%eSTR'
+ Print STR as an error message. STR is terminated by a newline.
+ Use this when inconsistent options are detected.
+
+`%(NAME)'
+ Substitute the contents of spec string NAME at this point.
+
+`%[NAME]'
+ Like `%(...)' but put `__' around `-D' arguments.
+
+`%x{OPTION}'
+ Accumulate an option for `%X'.
+
+`%X'
+ Output the accumulated linker options specified by `-Wl' or a `%x'
+ spec string.
+
+`%Y'
+ Output the accumulated assembler options specified by `-Wa'.
+
+`%Z'
+ Output the accumulated preprocessor options specified by `-Wp'.
+
+`%a'
+ Process the `asm' spec. This is used to compute the switches to
+ be passed to the assembler.
+
+`%A'
+ Process the `asm_final' spec. This is a spec string for passing
+ switches to an assembler post-processor, if such a program is
+ needed.
+
+`%l'
+ Process the `link' spec. This is the spec for computing the
+ command line passed to the linker. Typically it will make use of
+ the `%L %G %S %D and %E' sequences.
+
+`%D'
+ Dump out a `-L' option for each directory that GCC believes might
+ contain startup files. If the target supports multilibs then the
+ current multilib directory will be prepended to each of these
+ paths.
+
+`%L'
+ Process the `lib' spec. This is a spec string for deciding which
+ libraries should be included on the command line to the linker.
+
+`%G'
+ Process the `libgcc' spec. This is a spec string for deciding
+ which GCC support library should be included on the command line
+ to the linker.
+
+`%S'
+ Process the `startfile' spec. This is a spec for deciding which
+ object files should be the first ones passed to the linker.
+ Typically this might be a file named `crt0.o'.
+
+`%E'
+ Process the `endfile' spec. This is a spec string that specifies
+ the last object files that will be passed to the linker.
+
+`%C'
+ Process the `cpp' spec. This is used to construct the arguments
+ to be passed to the C preprocessor.
+
+`%1'
+ Process the `cc1' spec. This is used to construct the options to
+ be passed to the actual C compiler (`cc1').
+
+`%2'
+ Process the `cc1plus' spec. This is used to construct the options
+ to be passed to the actual C++ compiler (`cc1plus').
+
+`%*'
+ Substitute the variable part of a matched option. See below.
+ Note that each comma in the substituted string is replaced by a
+ single space.
+
+`%<`S''
+ Remove all occurrences of `-S' from the command line. Note--this
+ command is position dependent. `%' commands in the spec string
+ before this one will see `-S', `%' commands in the spec string
+ after this one will not.
+
+`%:FUNCTION(ARGS)'
+ Call the named function FUNCTION, passing it ARGS. ARGS is first
+ processed as a nested spec string, then split into an argument
+ vector in the usual fashion. The function returns a string which
+ is processed as if it had appeared literally as part of the
+ current spec.
+
+ The following built-in spec functions are provided:
+
+ ``getenv''
+ The `getenv' spec function takes two arguments: an environment
+ variable name and a string. If the environment variable is
+ not defined, a fatal error is issued. Otherwise, the return
+ value is the value of the environment variable concatenated
+ with the string. For example, if `TOPDIR' is defined as
+ `/path/to/top', then:
+
+ %:getenv(TOPDIR /include)
+
+ expands to `/path/to/top/include'.
+
+ ``if-exists''
+ The `if-exists' spec function takes one argument, an absolute
+ pathname to a file. If the file exists, `if-exists' returns
+ the pathname. Here is a small example of its usage:
+
+ *startfile:
+ crt0%O%s %:if-exists(crti%O%s) crtbegin%O%s
+
+ ``if-exists-else''
+ The `if-exists-else' spec function is similar to the
+ `if-exists' spec function, except that it takes two
+ arguments. The first argument is an absolute pathname to a
+ file. If the file exists, `if-exists-else' returns the
+ pathname. If it does not exist, it returns the second
+ argument. This way, `if-exists-else' can be used to select
+ one file or another, based on the existence of the first.
+ Here is a small example of its usage:
+
+ *startfile:
+ crt0%O%s %:if-exists(crti%O%s) \
+ %:if-exists-else(crtbeginT%O%s crtbegin%O%s)
+
+ ``replace-outfile''
+ The `replace-outfile' spec function takes two arguments. It
+ looks for the first argument in the outfiles array and
+ replaces it with the second argument. Here is a small
+ example of its usage:
+
+ %{fgnu-runtime:%:replace-outfile(-lobjc -lobjc-gnu)}
+
+ ``print-asm-header''
+ The `print-asm-header' function takes no arguments and simply
+ prints a banner like:
+
+ Assembler options
+ =================
+
+ Use "-Wa,OPTION" to pass "OPTION" to the assembler.
+
+ It is used to separate compiler options from assembler options
+ in the `--target-help' output.
+
+`%{`S'}'
+ Substitutes the `-S' switch, if that switch was given to GCC. If
+ that switch was not specified, this substitutes nothing. Note that
+ the leading dash is omitted when specifying this option, and it is
+ automatically inserted if the substitution is performed. Thus the
+ spec string `%{foo}' would match the command-line option `-foo'
+ and would output the command line option `-foo'.
+
+`%W{`S'}'
+ Like %{`S'} but mark last argument supplied within as a file to be
+ deleted on failure.
+
+`%{`S'*}'
+ Substitutes all the switches specified to GCC whose names start
+ with `-S', but which also take an argument. This is used for
+ switches like `-o', `-D', `-I', etc. GCC considers `-o foo' as
+ being one switch whose names starts with `o'. %{o*} would
+ substitute this text, including the space. Thus two arguments
+ would be generated.
+
+`%{`S'*&`T'*}'
+ Like %{`S'*}, but preserve order of `S' and `T' options (the order
+ of `S' and `T' in the spec is not significant). There can be any
+ number of ampersand-separated variables; for each the wild card is
+ optional. Useful for CPP as `%{D*&U*&A*}'.
+
+`%{`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if the `-S' switch was given to GCC.
+
+`%{!`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if the `-S' switch was _not_ given to GCC.
+
+`%{`S'*:`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X' if one or more switches whose names start with
+ `-S' are specified to GCC. Normally `X' is substituted only once,
+ no matter how many such switches appeared. However, if `%*'
+ appears somewhere in `X', then `X' will be substituted once for
+ each matching switch, with the `%*' replaced by the part of that
+ switch that matched the `*'.
+
+`%{.`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if processing a file with suffix `S'.
+
+`%{!.`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if _not_ processing a file with suffix `S'.
+
+`%{,`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if processing a file for language `S'.
+
+`%{!,`S':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X', if not processing a file for language `S'.
+
+`%{`S'|`P':`X'}'
+ Substitutes `X' if either `-S' or `-P' was given to GCC. This may
+ be combined with `!', `.', `,', and `*' sequences as well,
+ although they have a stronger binding than the `|'. If `%*'
+ appears in `X', all of the alternatives must be starred, and only
+ the first matching alternative is substituted.
+
+ For example, a spec string like this:
+
+ %{.c:-foo} %{!.c:-bar} %{.c|d:-baz} %{!.c|d:-boggle}
+
+ will output the following command-line options from the following
+ input command-line options:
+
+ fred.c -foo -baz
+ jim.d -bar -boggle
+ -d fred.c -foo -baz -boggle
+ -d jim.d -bar -baz -boggle
+
+`%{S:X; T:Y; :D}'
+ If `S' was given to GCC, substitutes `X'; else if `T' was given to
+ GCC, substitutes `Y'; else substitutes `D'. There can be as many
+ clauses as you need. This may be combined with `.', `,', `!',
+ `|', and `*' as needed.
+
+
+ The conditional text `X' in a %{`S':`X'} or similar construct may
+contain other nested `%' constructs or spaces, or even newlines. They
+are processed as usual, as described above. Trailing white space in
+`X' is ignored. White space may also appear anywhere on the left side
+of the colon in these constructs, except between `.' or `*' and the
+corresponding word.
+
+ The `-O', `-f', `-m', and `-W' switches are handled specifically in
+these constructs. If another value of `-O' or the negated form of a
+`-f', `-m', or `-W' switch is found later in the command line, the
+earlier switch value is ignored, except with {`S'*} where `S' is just
+one letter, which passes all matching options.
+
+ The character `|' at the beginning of the predicate text is used to
+indicate that a command should be piped to the following command, but
+only if `-pipe' is specified.
+
+ It is built into GCC which switches take arguments and which do not.
+(You might think it would be useful to generalize this to allow each
+compiler's spec to say which switches take arguments. But this cannot
+be done in a consistent fashion. GCC cannot even decide which input
+files have been specified without knowing which switches take arguments,
+and it must know which input files to compile in order to tell which
+compilers to run).
+
+ GCC also knows implicitly that arguments starting in `-l' are to be
+treated as compiler output files, and passed to the linker in their
+proper position among the other output files.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Target Options, Next: Submodel Options, Prev: Spec Files, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.16 Specifying Target Machine and Compiler Version
+===================================================
+
+The usual way to run GCC is to run the executable called `gcc', or
+`<machine>-gcc' when cross-compiling, or `<machine>-gcc-<version>' to
+run a version other than the one that was installed last. Sometimes
+this is inconvenient, so GCC provides options that will switch to
+another cross-compiler or version.
+
+`-b MACHINE'
+ The argument MACHINE specifies the target machine for compilation.
+
+ The value to use for MACHINE is the same as was specified as the
+ machine type when configuring GCC as a cross-compiler. For
+ example, if a cross-compiler was configured with `configure
+ arm-elf', meaning to compile for an arm processor with elf
+ binaries, then you would specify `-b arm-elf' to run that cross
+ compiler. Because there are other options beginning with `-b', the
+ configuration must contain a hyphen, or `-b' alone should be one
+ argument followed by the configuration in the next argument.
+
+`-V VERSION'
+ The argument VERSION specifies which version of GCC to run. This
+ is useful when multiple versions are installed. For example,
+ VERSION might be `4.0', meaning to run GCC version 4.0.
+
+ The `-V' and `-b' options work by running the
+`<machine>-gcc-<version>' executable, so there's no real reason to use
+them if you can just run that directly.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Submodel Options, Next: Code Gen Options, Prev: Target Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.17 Hardware Models and Configurations
+=======================================
+
+Earlier we discussed the standard option `-b' which chooses among
+different installed compilers for completely different target machines,
+such as VAX vs. 68000 vs. 80386.
+
+ In addition, each of these target machine types can have its own
+special options, starting with `-m', to choose among various hardware
+models or configurations--for example, 68010 vs 68020, floating
+coprocessor or none. A single installed version of the compiler can
+compile for any model or configuration, according to the options
+specified.
+
+ Some configurations of the compiler also support additional special
+options, usually for compatibility with other compilers on the same
+platform.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* ARC Options::
+* ARM Options::
+* AVR Options::
+* Blackfin Options::
+* CRIS Options::
+* CRX Options::
+* Darwin Options::
+* DEC Alpha Options::
+* DEC Alpha/VMS Options::
+* FR30 Options::
+* FRV Options::
+* GNU/Linux Options::
+* H8/300 Options::
+* HPPA Options::
+* i386 and x86-64 Options::
+* i386 and x86-64 Windows Options::
+* IA-64 Options::
+* M32C Options::
+* M32R/D Options::
+* M680x0 Options::
+* M68hc1x Options::
+* MCore Options::
+* MIPS Options::
+* MMIX Options::
+* MN10300 Options::
+* PDP-11 Options::
+* picoChip Options::
+* PowerPC Options::
+* RS/6000 and PowerPC Options::
+* S/390 and zSeries Options::
+* Score Options::
+* SH Options::
+* SPARC Options::
+* SPU Options::
+* System V Options::
+* V850 Options::
+* VAX Options::
+* VxWorks Options::
+* x86-64 Options::
+* Xstormy16 Options::
+* Xtensa Options::
+* zSeries Options::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: ARC Options, Next: ARM Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.1 ARC Options
+------------------
+
+These options are defined for ARC implementations:
+
+`-EL'
+ Compile code for little endian mode. This is the default.
+
+`-EB'
+ Compile code for big endian mode.
+
+`-mmangle-cpu'
+ Prepend the name of the cpu to all public symbol names. In
+ multiple-processor systems, there are many ARC variants with
+ different instruction and register set characteristics. This flag
+ prevents code compiled for one cpu to be linked with code compiled
+ for another. No facility exists for handling variants that are
+ "almost identical". This is an all or nothing option.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU'
+ Compile code for ARC variant CPU. Which variants are supported
+ depend on the configuration. All variants support `-mcpu=base',
+ this is the default.
+
+`-mtext=TEXT-SECTION'
+`-mdata=DATA-SECTION'
+`-mrodata=READONLY-DATA-SECTION'
+ Put functions, data, and readonly data in TEXT-SECTION,
+ DATA-SECTION, and READONLY-DATA-SECTION respectively by default.
+ This can be overridden with the `section' attribute. *Note
+ Variable Attributes::.
+
+`-mfix-cortex-m3-ldrd'
+ Some Cortex-M3 cores can cause data corruption when `ldrd'
+ instructions with overlapping destination and base registers are
+ used. This option avoids generating these instructions. This
+ option is enabled by default when `-mcpu=cortex-m3' is specified.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: ARM Options, Next: AVR Options, Prev: ARC Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.2 ARM Options
+------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for Advanced RISC Machines (ARM)
+architectures:
+
+`-mabi=NAME'
+ Generate code for the specified ABI. Permissible values are:
+ `apcs-gnu', `atpcs', `aapcs', `aapcs-linux' and `iwmmxt'.
+
+`-mapcs-frame'
+ Generate a stack frame that is compliant with the ARM Procedure
+ Call Standard for all functions, even if this is not strictly
+ necessary for correct execution of the code. Specifying
+ `-fomit-frame-pointer' with this option will cause the stack
+ frames not to be generated for leaf functions. The default is
+ `-mno-apcs-frame'.
+
+`-mapcs'
+ This is a synonym for `-mapcs-frame'.
+
+`-mthumb-interwork'
+ Generate code which supports calling between the ARM and Thumb
+ instruction sets. Without this option the two instruction sets
+ cannot be reliably used inside one program. The default is
+ `-mno-thumb-interwork', since slightly larger code is generated
+ when `-mthumb-interwork' is specified.
+
+`-mno-sched-prolog'
+ Prevent the reordering of instructions in the function prolog, or
+ the merging of those instruction with the instructions in the
+ function's body. This means that all functions will start with a
+ recognizable set of instructions (or in fact one of a choice from
+ a small set of different function prologues), and this information
+ can be used to locate the start if functions inside an executable
+ piece of code. The default is `-msched-prolog'.
+
+`-mfloat-abi=NAME'
+ Specifies which floating-point ABI to use. Permissible values
+ are: `soft', `softfp' and `hard'.
+
+ Specifying `soft' causes GCC to generate output containing library
+ calls for floating-point operations. `softfp' allows the
+ generation of code using hardware floating-point instructions, but
+ still uses the soft-float calling conventions. `hard' allows
+ generation of floating-point instructions and uses FPU-specific
+ calling conventions.
+
+ Using `-mfloat-abi=hard' with VFP coprocessors is not supported.
+ Use `-mfloat-abi=softfp' with the appropriate `-mfpu' option to
+ allow the compiler to generate code that makes use of the hardware
+ floating-point capabilities for these CPUs.
+
+ The default depends on the specific target configuration. Note
+ that the hard-float and soft-float ABIs are not link-compatible;
+ you must compile your entire program with the same ABI, and link
+ with a compatible set of libraries.
+
+`-mhard-float'
+ Equivalent to `-mfloat-abi=hard'.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Equivalent to `-mfloat-abi=soft'.
+
+`-mlittle-endian'
+ Generate code for a processor running in little-endian mode. This
+ is the default for all standard configurations.
+
+`-mbig-endian'
+ Generate code for a processor running in big-endian mode; the
+ default is to compile code for a little-endian processor.
+
+`-mwords-little-endian'
+ This option only applies when generating code for big-endian
+ processors. Generate code for a little-endian word order but a
+ big-endian byte order. That is, a byte order of the form
+ `32107654'. Note: this option should only be used if you require
+ compatibility with code for big-endian ARM processors generated by
+ versions of the compiler prior to 2.8.
+
+`-mcpu=NAME'
+ This specifies the name of the target ARM processor. GCC uses
+ this name to determine what kind of instructions it can emit when
+ generating assembly code. Permissible names are: `arm2', `arm250',
+ `arm3', `arm6', `arm60', `arm600', `arm610', `arm620', `arm7',
+ `arm7m', `arm7d', `arm7dm', `arm7di', `arm7dmi', `arm70', `arm700',
+ `arm700i', `arm710', `arm710c', `arm7100', `arm720', `arm7500',
+ `arm7500fe', `arm7tdmi', `arm7tdmi-s', `arm710t', `arm720t',
+ `arm740t', `strongarm', `strongarm110', `strongarm1100',
+ `strongarm1110', `arm8', `arm810', `arm9', `arm9e', `arm920',
+ `arm920t', `arm922t', `arm946e-s', `arm966e-s', `arm968e-s',
+ `arm926ej-s', `arm940t', `arm9tdmi', `arm10tdmi', `arm1020t',
+ `arm1026ej-s', `arm10e', `arm1020e', `arm1022e', `arm1136j-s',
+ `arm1136jf-s', `mpcore', `mpcorenovfp', `arm1156t2-s',
+ `arm1176jz-s', `arm1176jzf-s', `cortex-a8', `cortex-a9',
+ `cortex-r4', `cortex-r4f', `cortex-m3', `cortex-m1', `xscale',
+ `iwmmxt', `iwmmxt2', `ep9312'.
+
+`-mtune=NAME'
+ This option is very similar to the `-mcpu=' option, except that
+ instead of specifying the actual target processor type, and hence
+ restricting which instructions can be used, it specifies that GCC
+ should tune the performance of the code as if the target were of
+ the type specified in this option, but still choosing the
+ instructions that it will generate based on the cpu specified by a
+ `-mcpu=' option. For some ARM implementations better performance
+ can be obtained by using this option.
+
+`-march=NAME'
+ This specifies the name of the target ARM architecture. GCC uses
+ this name to determine what kind of instructions it can emit when
+ generating assembly code. This option can be used in conjunction
+ with or instead of the `-mcpu=' option. Permissible names are:
+ `armv2', `armv2a', `armv3', `armv3m', `armv4', `armv4t', `armv5',
+ `armv5t', `armv5e', `armv5te', `armv6', `armv6j', `armv6t2',
+ `armv6z', `armv6zk', `armv6-m', `armv7', `armv7-a', `armv7-r',
+ `armv7-m', `iwmmxt', `iwmmxt2', `ep9312'.
+
+`-mfpu=NAME'
+`-mfpe=NUMBER'
+`-mfp=NUMBER'
+ This specifies what floating point hardware (or hardware
+ emulation) is available on the target. Permissible names are:
+ `fpa', `fpe2', `fpe3', `maverick', `vfp', `vfpv3', `vfpv3-d16' and
+ `neon'. `-mfp' and `-mfpe' are synonyms for `-mfpu'=`fpe'NUMBER,
+ for compatibility with older versions of GCC.
+
+ If `-msoft-float' is specified this specifies the format of
+ floating point values.
+
+`-mstructure-size-boundary=N'
+ The size of all structures and unions will be rounded up to a
+ multiple of the number of bits set by this option. Permissible
+ values are 8, 32 and 64. The default value varies for different
+ toolchains. For the COFF targeted toolchain the default value is
+ 8. A value of 64 is only allowed if the underlying ABI supports
+ it.
+
+ Specifying the larger number can produce faster, more efficient
+ code, but can also increase the size of the program. Different
+ values are potentially incompatible. Code compiled with one value
+ cannot necessarily expect to work with code or libraries compiled
+ with another value, if they exchange information using structures
+ or unions.
+
+`-mabort-on-noreturn'
+ Generate a call to the function `abort' at the end of a `noreturn'
+ function. It will be executed if the function tries to return.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+`-mno-long-calls'
+ Tells the compiler to perform function calls by first loading the
+ address of the function into a register and then performing a
+ subroutine call on this register. This switch is needed if the
+ target function will lie outside of the 64 megabyte addressing
+ range of the offset based version of subroutine call instruction.
+
+ Even if this switch is enabled, not all function calls will be
+ turned into long calls. The heuristic is that static functions,
+ functions which have the `short-call' attribute, functions that
+ are inside the scope of a `#pragma no_long_calls' directive and
+ functions whose definitions have already been compiled within the
+ current compilation unit, will not be turned into long calls. The
+ exception to this rule is that weak function definitions,
+ functions with the `long-call' attribute or the `section'
+ attribute, and functions that are within the scope of a `#pragma
+ long_calls' directive, will always be turned into long calls.
+
+ This feature is not enabled by default. Specifying
+ `-mno-long-calls' will restore the default behavior, as will
+ placing the function calls within the scope of a `#pragma
+ long_calls_off' directive. Note these switches have no effect on
+ how the compiler generates code to handle function calls via
+ function pointers.
+
+`-msingle-pic-base'
+ Treat the register used for PIC addressing as read-only, rather
+ than loading it in the prologue for each function. The run-time
+ system is responsible for initializing this register with an
+ appropriate value before execution begins.
+
+`-mpic-register=REG'
+ Specify the register to be used for PIC addressing. The default
+ is R10 unless stack-checking is enabled, when R9 is used.
+
+`-mcirrus-fix-invalid-insns'
+ Insert NOPs into the instruction stream to in order to work around
+ problems with invalid Maverick instruction combinations. This
+ option is only valid if the `-mcpu=ep9312' option has been used to
+ enable generation of instructions for the Cirrus Maverick floating
+ point co-processor. This option is not enabled by default, since
+ the problem is only present in older Maverick implementations.
+ The default can be re-enabled by use of the
+ `-mno-cirrus-fix-invalid-insns' switch.
+
+`-mpoke-function-name'
+ Write the name of each function into the text section, directly
+ preceding the function prologue. The generated code is similar to
+ this:
+
+ t0
+ .ascii "arm_poke_function_name", 0
+ .align
+ t1
+ .word 0xff000000 + (t1 - t0)
+ arm_poke_function_name
+ mov ip, sp
+ stmfd sp!, {fp, ip, lr, pc}
+ sub fp, ip, #4
+
+ When performing a stack backtrace, code can inspect the value of
+ `pc' stored at `fp + 0'. If the trace function then looks at
+ location `pc - 12' and the top 8 bits are set, then we know that
+ there is a function name embedded immediately preceding this
+ location and has length `((pc[-3]) & 0xff000000)'.
+
+`-mthumb'
+ Generate code for the Thumb instruction set. The default is to
+ use the 32-bit ARM instruction set. This option automatically
+ enables either 16-bit Thumb-1 or mixed 16/32-bit Thumb-2
+ instructions based on the `-mcpu=NAME' and `-march=NAME' options.
+
+`-mtpcs-frame'
+ Generate a stack frame that is compliant with the Thumb Procedure
+ Call Standard for all non-leaf functions. (A leaf function is one
+ that does not call any other functions.) The default is
+ `-mno-tpcs-frame'.
+
+`-mtpcs-leaf-frame'
+ Generate a stack frame that is compliant with the Thumb Procedure
+ Call Standard for all leaf functions. (A leaf function is one
+ that does not call any other functions.) The default is
+ `-mno-apcs-leaf-frame'.
+
+`-mcallee-super-interworking'
+ Gives all externally visible functions in the file being compiled
+ an ARM instruction set header which switches to Thumb mode before
+ executing the rest of the function. This allows these functions
+ to be called from non-interworking code.
+
+`-mcaller-super-interworking'
+ Allows calls via function pointers (including virtual functions) to
+ execute correctly regardless of whether the target code has been
+ compiled for interworking or not. There is a small overhead in
+ the cost of executing a function pointer if this option is enabled.
+
+`-mtp=NAME'
+ Specify the access model for the thread local storage pointer.
+ The valid models are `soft', which generates calls to
+ `__aeabi_read_tp', `cp15', which fetches the thread pointer from
+ `cp15' directly (supported in the arm6k architecture), and `auto',
+ which uses the best available method for the selected processor.
+ The default setting is `auto'.
+
+`-mword-relocations'
+ Only generate absolute relocations on word sized values (i.e.
+ R_ARM_ABS32). This is enabled by default on targets (uClinux,
+ SymbianOS) where the runtime loader imposes this restriction, and
+ when `-fpic' or `-fPIC' is specified.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: AVR Options, Next: Blackfin Options, Prev: ARM Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.3 AVR Options
+------------------
+
+These options are defined for AVR implementations:
+
+`-mmcu=MCU'
+ Specify ATMEL AVR instruction set or MCU type.
+
+ Instruction set avr1 is for the minimal AVR core, not supported by
+ the C compiler, only for assembler programs (MCU types: at90s1200,
+ attiny10, attiny11, attiny12, attiny15, attiny28).
+
+ Instruction set avr2 (default) is for the classic AVR core with up
+ to 8K program memory space (MCU types: at90s2313, at90s2323,
+ attiny22, at90s2333, at90s2343, at90s4414, at90s4433, at90s4434,
+ at90s8515, at90c8534, at90s8535).
+
+ Instruction set avr3 is for the classic AVR core with up to 128K
+ program memory space (MCU types: atmega103, atmega603, at43usb320,
+ at76c711).
+
+ Instruction set avr4 is for the enhanced AVR core with up to 8K
+ program memory space (MCU types: atmega8, atmega83, atmega85).
+
+ Instruction set avr5 is for the enhanced AVR core with up to 128K
+ program memory space (MCU types: atmega16, atmega161, atmega163,
+ atmega32, atmega323, atmega64, atmega128, at43usb355, at94k).
+
+`-msize'
+ Output instruction sizes to the asm file.
+
+`-mno-interrupts'
+ Generated code is not compatible with hardware interrupts. Code
+ size will be smaller.
+
+`-mcall-prologues'
+ Functions prologues/epilogues expanded as call to appropriate
+ subroutines. Code size will be smaller.
+
+`-mno-tablejump'
+ Do not generate tablejump insns which sometimes increase code size.
+ The option is now deprecated in favor of the equivalent
+ `-fno-jump-tables'
+
+`-mtiny-stack'
+ Change only the low 8 bits of the stack pointer.
+
+`-mint8'
+ Assume int to be 8 bit integer. This affects the sizes of all
+ types: A char will be 1 byte, an int will be 1 byte, an long will
+ be 2 bytes and long long will be 4 bytes. Please note that this
+ option does not comply to the C standards, but it will provide you
+ with smaller code size.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Blackfin Options, Next: CRIS Options, Prev: AVR Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.4 Blackfin Options
+-----------------------
+
+`-mcpu=CPU[-SIREVISION]'
+ Specifies the name of the target Blackfin processor. Currently,
+ CPU can be one of `bf512', `bf514', `bf516', `bf518', `bf522',
+ `bf523', `bf524', `bf525', `bf526', `bf527', `bf531', `bf532',
+ `bf533', `bf534', `bf536', `bf537', `bf538', `bf539', `bf542',
+ `bf544', `bf547', `bf548', `bf549', `bf561'. The optional
+ SIREVISION specifies the silicon revision of the target Blackfin
+ processor. Any workarounds available for the targeted silicon
+ revision will be enabled. If SIREVISION is `none', no workarounds
+ are enabled. If SIREVISION is `any', all workarounds for the
+ targeted processor will be enabled. The `__SILICON_REVISION__'
+ macro is defined to two hexadecimal digits representing the major
+ and minor numbers in the silicon revision. If SIREVISION is
+ `none', the `__SILICON_REVISION__' is not defined. If SIREVISION
+ is `any', the `__SILICON_REVISION__' is defined to be `0xffff'.
+ If this optional SIREVISION is not used, GCC assumes the latest
+ known silicon revision of the targeted Blackfin processor.
+
+ Support for `bf561' is incomplete. For `bf561', Only the
+ processor macro is defined. Without this option, `bf532' is used
+ as the processor by default. The corresponding predefined
+ processor macros for CPU is to be defined. And for `bfin-elf'
+ toolchain, this causes the hardware BSP provided by libgloss to be
+ linked in if `-msim' is not given.
+
+`-msim'
+ Specifies that the program will be run on the simulator. This
+ causes the simulator BSP provided by libgloss to be linked in.
+ This option has effect only for `bfin-elf' toolchain. Certain
+ other options, such as `-mid-shared-library' and `-mfdpic', imply
+ `-msim'.
+
+`-momit-leaf-frame-pointer'
+ Don't keep the frame pointer in a register for leaf functions.
+ This avoids the instructions to save, set up and restore frame
+ pointers and makes an extra register available in leaf functions.
+ The option `-fomit-frame-pointer' removes the frame pointer for
+ all functions which might make debugging harder.
+
+`-mspecld-anomaly'
+ When enabled, the compiler will ensure that the generated code
+ does not contain speculative loads after jump instructions. If
+ this option is used, `__WORKAROUND_SPECULATIVE_LOADS' is defined.
+
+`-mno-specld-anomaly'
+ Don't generate extra code to prevent speculative loads from
+ occurring.
+
+`-mcsync-anomaly'
+ When enabled, the compiler will ensure that the generated code
+ does not contain CSYNC or SSYNC instructions too soon after
+ conditional branches. If this option is used,
+ `__WORKAROUND_SPECULATIVE_SYNCS' is defined.
+
+`-mno-csync-anomaly'
+ Don't generate extra code to prevent CSYNC or SSYNC instructions
+ from occurring too soon after a conditional branch.
+
+`-mlow-64k'
+ When enabled, the compiler is free to take advantage of the
+ knowledge that the entire program fits into the low 64k of memory.
+
+`-mno-low-64k'
+ Assume that the program is arbitrarily large. This is the default.
+
+`-mstack-check-l1'
+ Do stack checking using information placed into L1 scratchpad
+ memory by the uClinux kernel.
+
+`-mid-shared-library'
+ Generate code that supports shared libraries via the library ID
+ method. This allows for execute in place and shared libraries in
+ an environment without virtual memory management. This option
+ implies `-fPIC'. With a `bfin-elf' target, this option implies
+ `-msim'.
+
+`-mno-id-shared-library'
+ Generate code that doesn't assume ID based shared libraries are
+ being used. This is the default.
+
+`-mleaf-id-shared-library'
+ Generate code that supports shared libraries via the library ID
+ method, but assumes that this library or executable won't link
+ against any other ID shared libraries. That allows the compiler
+ to use faster code for jumps and calls.
+
+`-mno-leaf-id-shared-library'
+ Do not assume that the code being compiled won't link against any
+ ID shared libraries. Slower code will be generated for jump and
+ call insns.
+
+`-mshared-library-id=n'
+ Specified the identification number of the ID based shared library
+ being compiled. Specifying a value of 0 will generate more
+ compact code, specifying other values will force the allocation of
+ that number to the current library but is no more space or time
+ efficient than omitting this option.
+
+`-msep-data'
+ Generate code that allows the data segment to be located in a
+ different area of memory from the text segment. This allows for
+ execute in place in an environment without virtual memory
+ management by eliminating relocations against the text section.
+
+`-mno-sep-data'
+ Generate code that assumes that the data segment follows the text
+ segment. This is the default.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+`-mno-long-calls'
+ Tells the compiler to perform function calls by first loading the
+ address of the function into a register and then performing a
+ subroutine call on this register. This switch is needed if the
+ target function will lie outside of the 24 bit addressing range of
+ the offset based version of subroutine call instruction.
+
+ This feature is not enabled by default. Specifying
+ `-mno-long-calls' will restore the default behavior. Note these
+ switches have no effect on how the compiler generates code to
+ handle function calls via function pointers.
+
+`-mfast-fp'
+ Link with the fast floating-point library. This library relaxes
+ some of the IEEE floating-point standard's rules for checking
+ inputs against Not-a-Number (NAN), in the interest of performance.
+
+`-minline-plt'
+ Enable inlining of PLT entries in function calls to functions that
+ are not known to bind locally. It has no effect without `-mfdpic'.
+
+`-mmulticore'
+ Build standalone application for multicore Blackfin processor.
+ Proper start files and link scripts will be used to support
+ multicore. This option defines `__BFIN_MULTICORE'. It can only be
+ used with `-mcpu=bf561[-SIREVISION]'. It can be used with
+ `-mcorea' or `-mcoreb'. If it's used without `-mcorea' or
+ `-mcoreb', single application/dual core programming model is used.
+ In this model, the main function of Core B should be named as
+ coreb_main. If it's used with `-mcorea' or `-mcoreb', one
+ application per core programming model is used. If this option is
+ not used, single core application programming model is used.
+
+`-mcorea'
+ Build standalone application for Core A of BF561 when using one
+ application per core programming model. Proper start files and
+ link scripts will be used to support Core A. This option defines
+ `__BFIN_COREA'. It must be used with `-mmulticore'.
+
+`-mcoreb'
+ Build standalone application for Core B of BF561 when using one
+ application per core programming model. Proper start files and
+ link scripts will be used to support Core B. This option defines
+ `__BFIN_COREB'. When this option is used, coreb_main should be
+ used instead of main. It must be used with `-mmulticore'.
+
+`-msdram'
+ Build standalone application for SDRAM. Proper start files and
+ link scripts will be used to put the application into SDRAM.
+ Loader should initialize SDRAM before loading the application into
+ SDRAM. This option defines `__BFIN_SDRAM'.
+
+`-micplb'
+ Assume that ICPLBs are enabled at runtime. This has an effect on
+ certain anomaly workarounds. For Linux targets, the default is to
+ assume ICPLBs are enabled; for standalone applications the default
+ is off.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: CRIS Options, Next: CRX Options, Prev: Blackfin Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.5 CRIS Options
+-------------------
+
+These options are defined specifically for the CRIS ports.
+
+`-march=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE'
+`-mcpu=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE'
+ Generate code for the specified architecture. The choices for
+ ARCHITECTURE-TYPE are `v3', `v8' and `v10' for respectively
+ ETRAX 4, ETRAX 100, and ETRAX 100 LX. Default is `v0' except for
+ cris-axis-linux-gnu, where the default is `v10'.
+
+`-mtune=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE'
+ Tune to ARCHITECTURE-TYPE everything applicable about the generated
+ code, except for the ABI and the set of available instructions.
+ The choices for ARCHITECTURE-TYPE are the same as for
+ `-march=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE'.
+
+`-mmax-stack-frame=N'
+ Warn when the stack frame of a function exceeds N bytes.
+
+`-metrax4'
+`-metrax100'
+ The options `-metrax4' and `-metrax100' are synonyms for
+ `-march=v3' and `-march=v8' respectively.
+
+`-mmul-bug-workaround'
+`-mno-mul-bug-workaround'
+ Work around a bug in the `muls' and `mulu' instructions for CPU
+ models where it applies. This option is active by default.
+
+`-mpdebug'
+ Enable CRIS-specific verbose debug-related information in the
+ assembly code. This option also has the effect to turn off the
+ `#NO_APP' formatted-code indicator to the assembler at the
+ beginning of the assembly file.
+
+`-mcc-init'
+ Do not use condition-code results from previous instruction;
+ always emit compare and test instructions before use of condition
+ codes.
+
+`-mno-side-effects'
+ Do not emit instructions with side-effects in addressing modes
+ other than post-increment.
+
+`-mstack-align'
+`-mno-stack-align'
+`-mdata-align'
+`-mno-data-align'
+`-mconst-align'
+`-mno-const-align'
+ These options (no-options) arranges (eliminate arrangements) for
+ the stack-frame, individual data and constants to be aligned for
+ the maximum single data access size for the chosen CPU model. The
+ default is to arrange for 32-bit alignment. ABI details such as
+ structure layout are not affected by these options.
+
+`-m32-bit'
+`-m16-bit'
+`-m8-bit'
+ Similar to the stack- data- and const-align options above, these
+ options arrange for stack-frame, writable data and constants to
+ all be 32-bit, 16-bit or 8-bit aligned. The default is 32-bit
+ alignment.
+
+`-mno-prologue-epilogue'
+`-mprologue-epilogue'
+ With `-mno-prologue-epilogue', the normal function prologue and
+ epilogue that sets up the stack-frame are omitted and no return
+ instructions or return sequences are generated in the code. Use
+ this option only together with visual inspection of the compiled
+ code: no warnings or errors are generated when call-saved
+ registers must be saved, or storage for local variable needs to be
+ allocated.
+
+`-mno-gotplt'
+`-mgotplt'
+ With `-fpic' and `-fPIC', don't generate (do generate) instruction
+ sequences that load addresses for functions from the PLT part of
+ the GOT rather than (traditional on other architectures) calls to
+ the PLT. The default is `-mgotplt'.
+
+`-melf'
+ Legacy no-op option only recognized with the cris-axis-elf and
+ cris-axis-linux-gnu targets.
+
+`-mlinux'
+ Legacy no-op option only recognized with the cris-axis-linux-gnu
+ target.
+
+`-sim'
+ This option, recognized for the cris-axis-elf arranges to link
+ with input-output functions from a simulator library. Code,
+ initialized data and zero-initialized data are allocated
+ consecutively.
+
+`-sim2'
+ Like `-sim', but pass linker options to locate initialized data at
+ 0x40000000 and zero-initialized data at 0x80000000.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: CRX Options, Next: Darwin Options, Prev: CRIS Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.6 CRX Options
+------------------
+
+These options are defined specifically for the CRX ports.
+
+`-mmac'
+ Enable the use of multiply-accumulate instructions. Disabled by
+ default.
+
+`-mpush-args'
+ Push instructions will be used to pass outgoing arguments when
+ functions are called. Enabled by default.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Darwin Options, Next: DEC Alpha Options, Prev: CRX Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.7 Darwin Options
+---------------------
+
+These options are defined for all architectures running the Darwin
+operating system.
+
+ FSF GCC on Darwin does not create "fat" object files; it will create
+an object file for the single architecture that it was built to target.
+Apple's GCC on Darwin does create "fat" files if multiple `-arch'
+options are used; it does so by running the compiler or linker multiple
+times and joining the results together with `lipo'.
+
+ The subtype of the file created (like `ppc7400' or `ppc970' or `i686')
+is determined by the flags that specify the ISA that GCC is targetting,
+like `-mcpu' or `-march'. The `-force_cpusubtype_ALL' option can be
+used to override this.
+
+ The Darwin tools vary in their behavior when presented with an ISA
+mismatch. The assembler, `as', will only permit instructions to be
+used that are valid for the subtype of the file it is generating, so
+you cannot put 64-bit instructions in an `ppc750' object file. The
+linker for shared libraries, `/usr/bin/libtool', will fail and print an
+error if asked to create a shared library with a less restrictive
+subtype than its input files (for instance, trying to put a `ppc970'
+object file in a `ppc7400' library). The linker for executables, `ld',
+will quietly give the executable the most restrictive subtype of any of
+its input files.
+
+`-FDIR'
+ Add the framework directory DIR to the head of the list of
+ directories to be searched for header files. These directories are
+ interleaved with those specified by `-I' options and are scanned
+ in a left-to-right order.
+
+ A framework directory is a directory with frameworks in it. A
+ framework is a directory with a `"Headers"' and/or
+ `"PrivateHeaders"' directory contained directly in it that ends in
+ `".framework"'. The name of a framework is the name of this
+ directory excluding the `".framework"'. Headers associated with
+ the framework are found in one of those two directories, with
+ `"Headers"' being searched first. A subframework is a framework
+ directory that is in a framework's `"Frameworks"' directory.
+ Includes of subframework headers can only appear in a header of a
+ framework that contains the subframework, or in a sibling
+ subframework header. Two subframeworks are siblings if they occur
+ in the same framework. A subframework should not have the same
+ name as a framework, a warning will be issued if this is violated.
+ Currently a subframework cannot have subframeworks, in the future,
+ the mechanism may be extended to support this. The standard
+ frameworks can be found in `"/System/Library/Frameworks"' and
+ `"/Library/Frameworks"'. An example include looks like `#include
+ <Framework/header.h>', where `Framework' denotes the name of the
+ framework and header.h is found in the `"PrivateHeaders"' or
+ `"Headers"' directory.
+
+`-iframeworkDIR'
+ Like `-F' except the directory is a treated as a system directory.
+ The main difference between this `-iframework' and `-F' is that
+ with `-iframework' the compiler does not warn about constructs
+ contained within header files found via DIR. This option is valid
+ only for the C family of languages.
+
+`-gused'
+ Emit debugging information for symbols that are used. For STABS
+ debugging format, this enables `-feliminate-unused-debug-symbols'.
+ This is by default ON.
+
+`-gfull'
+ Emit debugging information for all symbols and types.
+
+`-mmacosx-version-min=VERSION'
+ The earliest version of MacOS X that this executable will run on
+ is VERSION. Typical values of VERSION include `10.1', `10.2', and
+ `10.3.9'.
+
+ If the compiler was built to use the system's headers by default,
+ then the default for this option is the system version on which the
+ compiler is running, otherwise the default is to make choices which
+ are compatible with as many systems and code bases as possible.
+
+`-mkernel'
+ Enable kernel development mode. The `-mkernel' option sets
+ `-static', `-fno-common', `-fno-cxa-atexit', `-fno-exceptions',
+ `-fno-non-call-exceptions', `-fapple-kext', `-fno-weak' and
+ `-fno-rtti' where applicable. This mode also sets `-mno-altivec',
+ `-msoft-float', `-fno-builtin' and `-mlong-branch' for PowerPC
+ targets.
+
+`-mone-byte-bool'
+ Override the defaults for `bool' so that `sizeof(bool)==1'. By
+ default `sizeof(bool)' is `4' when compiling for Darwin/PowerPC
+ and `1' when compiling for Darwin/x86, so this option has no
+ effect on x86.
+
+ *Warning:* The `-mone-byte-bool' switch causes GCC to generate
+ code that is not binary compatible with code generated without
+ that switch. Using this switch may require recompiling all other
+ modules in a program, including system libraries. Use this switch
+ to conform to a non-default data model.
+
+`-mfix-and-continue'
+`-ffix-and-continue'
+`-findirect-data'
+ Generate code suitable for fast turn around development. Needed to
+ enable gdb to dynamically load `.o' files into already running
+ programs. `-findirect-data' and `-ffix-and-continue' are provided
+ for backwards compatibility.
+
+`-all_load'
+ Loads all members of static archive libraries. See man ld(1) for
+ more information.
+
+`-arch_errors_fatal'
+ Cause the errors having to do with files that have the wrong
+ architecture to be fatal.
+
+`-bind_at_load'
+ Causes the output file to be marked such that the dynamic linker
+ will bind all undefined references when the file is loaded or
+ launched.
+
+`-bundle'
+ Produce a Mach-o bundle format file. See man ld(1) for more
+ information.
+
+`-bundle_loader EXECUTABLE'
+ This option specifies the EXECUTABLE that will be loading the build
+ output file being linked. See man ld(1) for more information.
+
+`-dynamiclib'
+ When passed this option, GCC will produce a dynamic library
+ instead of an executable when linking, using the Darwin `libtool'
+ command.
+
+`-force_cpusubtype_ALL'
+ This causes GCC's output file to have the ALL subtype, instead of
+ one controlled by the `-mcpu' or `-march' option.
+
+`-allowable_client CLIENT_NAME'
+`-client_name'
+`-compatibility_version'
+`-current_version'
+`-dead_strip'
+`-dependency-file'
+`-dylib_file'
+`-dylinker_install_name'
+`-dynamic'
+`-exported_symbols_list'
+`-filelist'
+`-flat_namespace'
+`-force_flat_namespace'
+`-headerpad_max_install_names'
+`-image_base'
+`-init'
+`-install_name'
+`-keep_private_externs'
+`-multi_module'
+`-multiply_defined'
+`-multiply_defined_unused'
+`-noall_load'
+`-no_dead_strip_inits_and_terms'
+`-nofixprebinding'
+`-nomultidefs'
+`-noprebind'
+`-noseglinkedit'
+`-pagezero_size'
+`-prebind'
+`-prebind_all_twolevel_modules'
+`-private_bundle'
+`-read_only_relocs'
+`-sectalign'
+`-sectobjectsymbols'
+`-whyload'
+`-seg1addr'
+`-sectcreate'
+`-sectobjectsymbols'
+`-sectorder'
+`-segaddr'
+`-segs_read_only_addr'
+`-segs_read_write_addr'
+`-seg_addr_table'
+`-seg_addr_table_filename'
+`-seglinkedit'
+`-segprot'
+`-segs_read_only_addr'
+`-segs_read_write_addr'
+`-single_module'
+`-static'
+`-sub_library'
+`-sub_umbrella'
+`-twolevel_namespace'
+`-umbrella'
+`-undefined'
+`-unexported_symbols_list'
+`-weak_reference_mismatches'
+`-whatsloaded'
+ These options are passed to the Darwin linker. The Darwin linker
+ man page describes them in detail.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: DEC Alpha Options, Next: DEC Alpha/VMS Options, Prev: Darwin Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.8 DEC Alpha Options
+------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the DEC Alpha implementations:
+
+`-mno-soft-float'
+`-msoft-float'
+ Use (do not use) the hardware floating-point instructions for
+ floating-point operations. When `-msoft-float' is specified,
+ functions in `libgcc.a' will be used to perform floating-point
+ operations. Unless they are replaced by routines that emulate the
+ floating-point operations, or compiled in such a way as to call
+ such emulations routines, these routines will issue floating-point
+ operations. If you are compiling for an Alpha without
+ floating-point operations, you must ensure that the library is
+ built so as not to call them.
+
+ Note that Alpha implementations without floating-point operations
+ are required to have floating-point registers.
+
+`-mfp-reg'
+`-mno-fp-regs'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating-point register
+ set. `-mno-fp-regs' implies `-msoft-float'. If the floating-point
+ register set is not used, floating point operands are passed in
+ integer registers as if they were integers and floating-point
+ results are passed in `$0' instead of `$f0'. This is a
+ non-standard calling sequence, so any function with a
+ floating-point argument or return value called by code compiled
+ with `-mno-fp-regs' must also be compiled with that option.
+
+ A typical use of this option is building a kernel that does not
+ use, and hence need not save and restore, any floating-point
+ registers.
+
+`-mieee'
+ The Alpha architecture implements floating-point hardware
+ optimized for maximum performance. It is mostly compliant with
+ the IEEE floating point standard. However, for full compliance,
+ software assistance is required. This option generates code fully
+ IEEE compliant code _except_ that the INEXACT-FLAG is not
+ maintained (see below). If this option is turned on, the
+ preprocessor macro `_IEEE_FP' is defined during compilation. The
+ resulting code is less efficient but is able to correctly support
+ denormalized numbers and exceptional IEEE values such as
+ not-a-number and plus/minus infinity. Other Alpha compilers call
+ this option `-ieee_with_no_inexact'.
+
+`-mieee-with-inexact'
+ This is like `-mieee' except the generated code also maintains the
+ IEEE INEXACT-FLAG. Turning on this option causes the generated
+ code to implement fully-compliant IEEE math. In addition to
+ `_IEEE_FP', `_IEEE_FP_EXACT' is defined as a preprocessor macro.
+ On some Alpha implementations the resulting code may execute
+ significantly slower than the code generated by default. Since
+ there is very little code that depends on the INEXACT-FLAG, you
+ should normally not specify this option. Other Alpha compilers
+ call this option `-ieee_with_inexact'.
+
+`-mfp-trap-mode=TRAP-MODE'
+ This option controls what floating-point related traps are enabled.
+ Other Alpha compilers call this option `-fptm TRAP-MODE'. The
+ trap mode can be set to one of four values:
+
+ `n'
+ This is the default (normal) setting. The only traps that
+ are enabled are the ones that cannot be disabled in software
+ (e.g., division by zero trap).
+
+ `u'
+ In addition to the traps enabled by `n', underflow traps are
+ enabled as well.
+
+ `su'
+ Like `u', but the instructions are marked to be safe for
+ software completion (see Alpha architecture manual for
+ details).
+
+ `sui'
+ Like `su', but inexact traps are enabled as well.
+
+`-mfp-rounding-mode=ROUNDING-MODE'
+ Selects the IEEE rounding mode. Other Alpha compilers call this
+ option `-fprm ROUNDING-MODE'. The ROUNDING-MODE can be one of:
+
+ `n'
+ Normal IEEE rounding mode. Floating point numbers are
+ rounded towards the nearest machine number or towards the
+ even machine number in case of a tie.
+
+ `m'
+ Round towards minus infinity.
+
+ `c'
+ Chopped rounding mode. Floating point numbers are rounded
+ towards zero.
+
+ `d'
+ Dynamic rounding mode. A field in the floating point control
+ register (FPCR, see Alpha architecture reference manual)
+ controls the rounding mode in effect. The C library
+ initializes this register for rounding towards plus infinity.
+ Thus, unless your program modifies the FPCR, `d' corresponds
+ to round towards plus infinity.
+
+`-mtrap-precision=TRAP-PRECISION'
+ In the Alpha architecture, floating point traps are imprecise.
+ This means without software assistance it is impossible to recover
+ from a floating trap and program execution normally needs to be
+ terminated. GCC can generate code that can assist operating
+ system trap handlers in determining the exact location that caused
+ a floating point trap. Depending on the requirements of an
+ application, different levels of precisions can be selected:
+
+ `p'
+ Program precision. This option is the default and means a
+ trap handler can only identify which program caused a
+ floating point exception.
+
+ `f'
+ Function precision. The trap handler can determine the
+ function that caused a floating point exception.
+
+ `i'
+ Instruction precision. The trap handler can determine the
+ exact instruction that caused a floating point exception.
+
+ Other Alpha compilers provide the equivalent options called
+ `-scope_safe' and `-resumption_safe'.
+
+`-mieee-conformant'
+ This option marks the generated code as IEEE conformant. You must
+ not use this option unless you also specify `-mtrap-precision=i'
+ and either `-mfp-trap-mode=su' or `-mfp-trap-mode=sui'. Its only
+ effect is to emit the line `.eflag 48' in the function prologue of
+ the generated assembly file. Under DEC Unix, this has the effect
+ that IEEE-conformant math library routines will be linked in.
+
+`-mbuild-constants'
+ Normally GCC examines a 32- or 64-bit integer constant to see if
+ it can construct it from smaller constants in two or three
+ instructions. If it cannot, it will output the constant as a
+ literal and generate code to load it from the data segment at
+ runtime.
+
+ Use this option to require GCC to construct _all_ integer constants
+ using code, even if it takes more instructions (the maximum is
+ six).
+
+ You would typically use this option to build a shared library
+ dynamic loader. Itself a shared library, it must relocate itself
+ in memory before it can find the variables and constants in its
+ own data segment.
+
+`-malpha-as'
+`-mgas'
+ Select whether to generate code to be assembled by the
+ vendor-supplied assembler (`-malpha-as') or by the GNU assembler
+ `-mgas'.
+
+`-mbwx'
+`-mno-bwx'
+`-mcix'
+`-mno-cix'
+`-mfix'
+`-mno-fix'
+`-mmax'
+`-mno-max'
+ Indicate whether GCC should generate code to use the optional BWX,
+ CIX, FIX and MAX instruction sets. The default is to use the
+ instruction sets supported by the CPU type specified via `-mcpu='
+ option or that of the CPU on which GCC was built if none was
+ specified.
+
+`-mfloat-vax'
+`-mfloat-ieee'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) VAX F and G floating point
+ arithmetic instead of IEEE single and double precision.
+
+`-mexplicit-relocs'
+`-mno-explicit-relocs'
+ Older Alpha assemblers provided no way to generate symbol
+ relocations except via assembler macros. Use of these macros does
+ not allow optimal instruction scheduling. GNU binutils as of
+ version 2.12 supports a new syntax that allows the compiler to
+ explicitly mark which relocations should apply to which
+ instructions. This option is mostly useful for debugging, as GCC
+ detects the capabilities of the assembler when it is built and
+ sets the default accordingly.
+
+`-msmall-data'
+`-mlarge-data'
+ When `-mexplicit-relocs' is in effect, static data is accessed via
+ "gp-relative" relocations. When `-msmall-data' is used, objects 8
+ bytes long or smaller are placed in a "small data area" (the
+ `.sdata' and `.sbss' sections) and are accessed via 16-bit
+ relocations off of the `$gp' register. This limits the size of
+ the small data area to 64KB, but allows the variables to be
+ directly accessed via a single instruction.
+
+ The default is `-mlarge-data'. With this option the data area is
+ limited to just below 2GB. Programs that require more than 2GB of
+ data must use `malloc' or `mmap' to allocate the data in the heap
+ instead of in the program's data segment.
+
+ When generating code for shared libraries, `-fpic' implies
+ `-msmall-data' and `-fPIC' implies `-mlarge-data'.
+
+`-msmall-text'
+`-mlarge-text'
+ When `-msmall-text' is used, the compiler assumes that the code of
+ the entire program (or shared library) fits in 4MB, and is thus
+ reachable with a branch instruction. When `-msmall-data' is used,
+ the compiler can assume that all local symbols share the same
+ `$gp' value, and thus reduce the number of instructions required
+ for a function call from 4 to 1.
+
+ The default is `-mlarge-text'.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set the instruction set and instruction scheduling parameters for
+ machine type CPU_TYPE. You can specify either the `EV' style name
+ or the corresponding chip number. GCC supports scheduling
+ parameters for the EV4, EV5 and EV6 family of processors and will
+ choose the default values for the instruction set from the
+ processor you specify. If you do not specify a processor type,
+ GCC will default to the processor on which the compiler was built.
+
+ Supported values for CPU_TYPE are
+
+ `ev4'
+ `ev45'
+ `21064'
+ Schedules as an EV4 and has no instruction set extensions.
+
+ `ev5'
+ `21164'
+ Schedules as an EV5 and has no instruction set extensions.
+
+ `ev56'
+ `21164a'
+ Schedules as an EV5 and supports the BWX extension.
+
+ `pca56'
+ `21164pc'
+ `21164PC'
+ Schedules as an EV5 and supports the BWX and MAX extensions.
+
+ `ev6'
+ `21264'
+ Schedules as an EV6 and supports the BWX, FIX, and MAX
+ extensions.
+
+ `ev67'
+ `21264a'
+ Schedules as an EV6 and supports the BWX, CIX, FIX, and MAX
+ extensions.
+
+ Native Linux/GNU toolchains also support the value `native', which
+ selects the best architecture option for the host processor.
+ `-mcpu=native' has no effect if GCC does not recognize the
+ processor.
+
+`-mtune=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set only the instruction scheduling parameters for machine type
+ CPU_TYPE. The instruction set is not changed.
+
+ Native Linux/GNU toolchains also support the value `native', which
+ selects the best architecture option for the host processor.
+ `-mtune=native' has no effect if GCC does not recognize the
+ processor.
+
+`-mmemory-latency=TIME'
+ Sets the latency the scheduler should assume for typical memory
+ references as seen by the application. This number is highly
+ dependent on the memory access patterns used by the application
+ and the size of the external cache on the machine.
+
+ Valid options for TIME are
+
+ `NUMBER'
+ A decimal number representing clock cycles.
+
+ `L1'
+ `L2'
+ `L3'
+ `main'
+ The compiler contains estimates of the number of clock cycles
+ for "typical" EV4 & EV5 hardware for the Level 1, 2 & 3 caches
+ (also called Dcache, Scache, and Bcache), as well as to main
+ memory. Note that L3 is only valid for EV5.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: DEC Alpha/VMS Options, Next: FR30 Options, Prev: DEC Alpha Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.9 DEC Alpha/VMS Options
+----------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the DEC Alpha/VMS implementations:
+
+`-mvms-return-codes'
+ Return VMS condition codes from main. The default is to return
+ POSIX style condition (e.g. error) codes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: FR30 Options, Next: FRV Options, Prev: DEC Alpha/VMS Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.10 FR30 Options
+--------------------
+
+These options are defined specifically for the FR30 port.
+
+`-msmall-model'
+ Use the small address space model. This can produce smaller code,
+ but it does assume that all symbolic values and addresses will fit
+ into a 20-bit range.
+
+`-mno-lsim'
+ Assume that run-time support has been provided and so there is no
+ need to include the simulator library (`libsim.a') on the linker
+ command line.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: FRV Options, Next: GNU/Linux Options, Prev: FR30 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.11 FRV Options
+-------------------
+
+`-mgpr-32'
+ Only use the first 32 general purpose registers.
+
+`-mgpr-64'
+ Use all 64 general purpose registers.
+
+`-mfpr-32'
+ Use only the first 32 floating point registers.
+
+`-mfpr-64'
+ Use all 64 floating point registers
+
+`-mhard-float'
+ Use hardware instructions for floating point operations.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Use library routines for floating point operations.
+
+`-malloc-cc'
+ Dynamically allocate condition code registers.
+
+`-mfixed-cc'
+ Do not try to dynamically allocate condition code registers, only
+ use `icc0' and `fcc0'.
+
+`-mdword'
+ Change ABI to use double word insns.
+
+`-mno-dword'
+ Do not use double word instructions.
+
+`-mdouble'
+ Use floating point double instructions.
+
+`-mno-double'
+ Do not use floating point double instructions.
+
+`-mmedia'
+ Use media instructions.
+
+`-mno-media'
+ Do not use media instructions.
+
+`-mmuladd'
+ Use multiply and add/subtract instructions.
+
+`-mno-muladd'
+ Do not use multiply and add/subtract instructions.
+
+`-mfdpic'
+ Select the FDPIC ABI, that uses function descriptors to represent
+ pointers to functions. Without any PIC/PIE-related options, it
+ implies `-fPIE'. With `-fpic' or `-fpie', it assumes GOT entries
+ and small data are within a 12-bit range from the GOT base
+ address; with `-fPIC' or `-fPIE', GOT offsets are computed with 32
+ bits. With a `bfin-elf' target, this option implies `-msim'.
+
+`-minline-plt'
+ Enable inlining of PLT entries in function calls to functions that
+ are not known to bind locally. It has no effect without `-mfdpic'.
+ It's enabled by default if optimizing for speed and compiling for
+ shared libraries (i.e., `-fPIC' or `-fpic'), or when an
+ optimization option such as `-O3' or above is present in the
+ command line.
+
+`-mTLS'
+ Assume a large TLS segment when generating thread-local code.
+
+`-mtls'
+ Do not assume a large TLS segment when generating thread-local
+ code.
+
+`-mgprel-ro'
+ Enable the use of `GPREL' relocations in the FDPIC ABI for data
+ that is known to be in read-only sections. It's enabled by
+ default, except for `-fpic' or `-fpie': even though it may help
+ make the global offset table smaller, it trades 1 instruction for
+ 4. With `-fPIC' or `-fPIE', it trades 3 instructions for 4, one
+ of which may be shared by multiple symbols, and it avoids the need
+ for a GOT entry for the referenced symbol, so it's more likely to
+ be a win. If it is not, `-mno-gprel-ro' can be used to disable it.
+
+`-multilib-library-pic'
+ Link with the (library, not FD) pic libraries. It's implied by
+ `-mlibrary-pic', as well as by `-fPIC' and `-fpic' without
+ `-mfdpic'. You should never have to use it explicitly.
+
+`-mlinked-fp'
+ Follow the EABI requirement of always creating a frame pointer
+ whenever a stack frame is allocated. This option is enabled by
+ default and can be disabled with `-mno-linked-fp'.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+ Use indirect addressing to call functions outside the current
+ compilation unit. This allows the functions to be placed anywhere
+ within the 32-bit address space.
+
+`-malign-labels'
+ Try to align labels to an 8-byte boundary by inserting nops into
+ the previous packet. This option only has an effect when VLIW
+ packing is enabled. It doesn't create new packets; it merely adds
+ nops to existing ones.
+
+`-mlibrary-pic'
+ Generate position-independent EABI code.
+
+`-macc-4'
+ Use only the first four media accumulator registers.
+
+`-macc-8'
+ Use all eight media accumulator registers.
+
+`-mpack'
+ Pack VLIW instructions.
+
+`-mno-pack'
+ Do not pack VLIW instructions.
+
+`-mno-eflags'
+ Do not mark ABI switches in e_flags.
+
+`-mcond-move'
+ Enable the use of conditional-move instructions (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-cond-move'
+ Disable the use of conditional-move instructions.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mscc'
+ Enable the use of conditional set instructions (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-scc'
+ Disable the use of conditional set instructions.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mcond-exec'
+ Enable the use of conditional execution (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-cond-exec'
+ Disable the use of conditional execution.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mvliw-branch'
+ Run a pass to pack branches into VLIW instructions (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-vliw-branch'
+ Do not run a pass to pack branches into VLIW instructions.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mmulti-cond-exec'
+ Enable optimization of `&&' and `||' in conditional execution
+ (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-multi-cond-exec'
+ Disable optimization of `&&' and `||' in conditional execution.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mnested-cond-exec'
+ Enable nested conditional execution optimizations (default).
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-mno-nested-cond-exec'
+ Disable nested conditional execution optimizations.
+
+ This switch is mainly for debugging the compiler and will likely
+ be removed in a future version.
+
+`-moptimize-membar'
+ This switch removes redundant `membar' instructions from the
+ compiler generated code. It is enabled by default.
+
+`-mno-optimize-membar'
+ This switch disables the automatic removal of redundant `membar'
+ instructions from the generated code.
+
+`-mtomcat-stats'
+ Cause gas to print out tomcat statistics.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU'
+ Select the processor type for which to generate code. Possible
+ values are `frv', `fr550', `tomcat', `fr500', `fr450', `fr405',
+ `fr400', `fr300' and `simple'.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: GNU/Linux Options, Next: H8/300 Options, Prev: FRV Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.12 GNU/Linux Options
+-------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for GNU/Linux targets:
+
+`-mglibc'
+ Use the GNU C library instead of uClibc. This is the default
+ except on `*-*-linux-*uclibc*' targets.
+
+`-muclibc'
+ Use uClibc instead of the GNU C library. This is the default on
+ `*-*-linux-*uclibc*' targets.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: H8/300 Options, Next: HPPA Options, Prev: GNU/Linux Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.13 H8/300 Options
+----------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the H8/300 implementations:
+
+`-mrelax'
+ Shorten some address references at link time, when possible; uses
+ the linker option `-relax'. *Note `ld' and the H8/300:
+ (ld)H8/300, for a fuller description.
+
+`-mh'
+ Generate code for the H8/300H.
+
+`-ms'
+ Generate code for the H8S.
+
+`-mn'
+ Generate code for the H8S and H8/300H in the normal mode. This
+ switch must be used either with `-mh' or `-ms'.
+
+`-ms2600'
+ Generate code for the H8S/2600. This switch must be used with
+ `-ms'.
+
+`-mint32'
+ Make `int' data 32 bits by default.
+
+`-malign-300'
+ On the H8/300H and H8S, use the same alignment rules as for the
+ H8/300. The default for the H8/300H and H8S is to align longs and
+ floats on 4 byte boundaries. `-malign-300' causes them to be
+ aligned on 2 byte boundaries. This option has no effect on the
+ H8/300.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: HPPA Options, Next: i386 and x86-64 Options, Prev: H8/300 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.14 HPPA Options
+--------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the HPPA family of computers:
+
+`-march=ARCHITECTURE-TYPE'
+ Generate code for the specified architecture. The choices for
+ ARCHITECTURE-TYPE are `1.0' for PA 1.0, `1.1' for PA 1.1, and
+ `2.0' for PA 2.0 processors. Refer to `/usr/lib/sched.models' on
+ an HP-UX system to determine the proper architecture option for
+ your machine. Code compiled for lower numbered architectures will
+ run on higher numbered architectures, but not the other way around.
+
+`-mpa-risc-1-0'
+`-mpa-risc-1-1'
+`-mpa-risc-2-0'
+ Synonyms for `-march=1.0', `-march=1.1', and `-march=2.0'
+ respectively.
+
+`-mbig-switch'
+ Generate code suitable for big switch tables. Use this option
+ only if the assembler/linker complain about out of range branches
+ within a switch table.
+
+`-mjump-in-delay'
+ Fill delay slots of function calls with unconditional jump
+ instructions by modifying the return pointer for the function call
+ to be the target of the conditional jump.
+
+`-mdisable-fpregs'
+ Prevent floating point registers from being used in any manner.
+ This is necessary for compiling kernels which perform lazy context
+ switching of floating point registers. If you use this option and
+ attempt to perform floating point operations, the compiler will
+ abort.
+
+`-mdisable-indexing'
+ Prevent the compiler from using indexing address modes. This
+ avoids some rather obscure problems when compiling MIG generated
+ code under MACH.
+
+`-mno-space-regs'
+ Generate code that assumes the target has no space registers.
+ This allows GCC to generate faster indirect calls and use unscaled
+ index address modes.
+
+ Such code is suitable for level 0 PA systems and kernels.
+
+`-mfast-indirect-calls'
+ Generate code that assumes calls never cross space boundaries.
+ This allows GCC to emit code which performs faster indirect calls.
+
+ This option will not work in the presence of shared libraries or
+ nested functions.
+
+`-mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE'
+ Generate code treating the given register range as fixed registers.
+ A fixed register is one that the register allocator can not use.
+ This is useful when compiling kernel code. A register range is
+ specified as two registers separated by a dash. Multiple register
+ ranges can be specified separated by a comma.
+
+`-mlong-load-store'
+ Generate 3-instruction load and store sequences as sometimes
+ required by the HP-UX 10 linker. This is equivalent to the `+k'
+ option to the HP compilers.
+
+`-mportable-runtime'
+ Use the portable calling conventions proposed by HP for ELF
+ systems.
+
+`-mgas'
+ Enable the use of assembler directives only GAS understands.
+
+`-mschedule=CPU-TYPE'
+ Schedule code according to the constraints for the machine type
+ CPU-TYPE. The choices for CPU-TYPE are `700' `7100', `7100LC',
+ `7200', `7300' and `8000'. Refer to `/usr/lib/sched.models' on an
+ HP-UX system to determine the proper scheduling option for your
+ machine. The default scheduling is `8000'.
+
+`-mlinker-opt'
+ Enable the optimization pass in the HP-UX linker. Note this makes
+ symbolic debugging impossible. It also triggers a bug in the
+ HP-UX 8 and HP-UX 9 linkers in which they give bogus error
+ messages when linking some programs.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+ *Warning:* the requisite libraries are not available for all HPPA
+ targets. Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C
+ compiler are used, but this cannot be done directly in
+ cross-compilation. You must make your own arrangements to provide
+ suitable library functions for cross-compilation.
+
+ `-msoft-float' changes the calling convention in the output file;
+ therefore, it is only useful if you compile _all_ of a program with
+ this option. In particular, you need to compile `libgcc.a', the
+ library that comes with GCC, with `-msoft-float' in order for this
+ to work.
+
+`-msio'
+ Generate the predefine, `_SIO', for server IO. The default is
+ `-mwsio'. This generates the predefines, `__hp9000s700',
+ `__hp9000s700__' and `_WSIO', for workstation IO. These options
+ are available under HP-UX and HI-UX.
+
+`-mgnu-ld'
+ Use GNU ld specific options. This passes `-shared' to ld when
+ building a shared library. It is the default when GCC is
+ configured, explicitly or implicitly, with the GNU linker. This
+ option does not have any affect on which ld is called, it only
+ changes what parameters are passed to that ld. The ld that is
+ called is determined by the `--with-ld' configure option, GCC's
+ program search path, and finally by the user's `PATH'. The linker
+ used by GCC can be printed using `which `gcc
+ -print-prog-name=ld`'. This option is only available on the 64
+ bit HP-UX GCC, i.e. configured with `hppa*64*-*-hpux*'.
+
+`-mhp-ld'
+ Use HP ld specific options. This passes `-b' to ld when building
+ a shared library and passes `+Accept TypeMismatch' to ld on all
+ links. It is the default when GCC is configured, explicitly or
+ implicitly, with the HP linker. This option does not have any
+ affect on which ld is called, it only changes what parameters are
+ passed to that ld. The ld that is called is determined by the
+ `--with-ld' configure option, GCC's program search path, and
+ finally by the user's `PATH'. The linker used by GCC can be
+ printed using `which `gcc -print-prog-name=ld`'. This option is
+ only available on the 64 bit HP-UX GCC, i.e. configured with
+ `hppa*64*-*-hpux*'.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+ Generate code that uses long call sequences. This ensures that a
+ call is always able to reach linker generated stubs. The default
+ is to generate long calls only when the distance from the call
+ site to the beginning of the function or translation unit, as the
+ case may be, exceeds a predefined limit set by the branch type
+ being used. The limits for normal calls are 7,600,000 and 240,000
+ bytes, respectively for the PA 2.0 and PA 1.X architectures.
+ Sibcalls are always limited at 240,000 bytes.
+
+ Distances are measured from the beginning of functions when using
+ the `-ffunction-sections' option, or when using the `-mgas' and
+ `-mno-portable-runtime' options together under HP-UX with the SOM
+ linker.
+
+ It is normally not desirable to use this option as it will degrade
+ performance. However, it may be useful in large applications,
+ particularly when partial linking is used to build the application.
+
+ The types of long calls used depends on the capabilities of the
+ assembler and linker, and the type of code being generated. The
+ impact on systems that support long absolute calls, and long pic
+ symbol-difference or pc-relative calls should be relatively small.
+ However, an indirect call is used on 32-bit ELF systems in pic code
+ and it is quite long.
+
+`-munix=UNIX-STD'
+ Generate compiler predefines and select a startfile for the
+ specified UNIX standard. The choices for UNIX-STD are `93', `95'
+ and `98'. `93' is supported on all HP-UX versions. `95' is
+ available on HP-UX 10.10 and later. `98' is available on HP-UX
+ 11.11 and later. The default values are `93' for HP-UX 10.00,
+ `95' for HP-UX 10.10 though to 11.00, and `98' for HP-UX 11.11 and
+ later.
+
+ `-munix=93' provides the same predefines as GCC 3.3 and 3.4.
+ `-munix=95' provides additional predefines for `XOPEN_UNIX' and
+ `_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED', and the startfile `unix95.o'.
+ `-munix=98' provides additional predefines for `_XOPEN_UNIX',
+ `_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED', `_INCLUDE__STDC_A1_SOURCE' and
+ `_INCLUDE_XOPEN_SOURCE_500', and the startfile `unix98.o'.
+
+ It is _important_ to note that this option changes the interfaces
+ for various library routines. It also affects the operational
+ behavior of the C library. Thus, _extreme_ care is needed in
+ using this option.
+
+ Library code that is intended to operate with more than one UNIX
+ standard must test, set and restore the variable
+ __XPG4_EXTENDED_MASK as appropriate. Most GNU software doesn't
+ provide this capability.
+
+`-nolibdld'
+ Suppress the generation of link options to search libdld.sl when
+ the `-static' option is specified on HP-UX 10 and later.
+
+`-static'
+ The HP-UX implementation of setlocale in libc has a dependency on
+ libdld.sl. There isn't an archive version of libdld.sl. Thus,
+ when the `-static' option is specified, special link options are
+ needed to resolve this dependency.
+
+ On HP-UX 10 and later, the GCC driver adds the necessary options to
+ link with libdld.sl when the `-static' option is specified. This
+ causes the resulting binary to be dynamic. On the 64-bit port,
+ the linkers generate dynamic binaries by default in any case. The
+ `-nolibdld' option can be used to prevent the GCC driver from
+ adding these link options.
+
+`-threads'
+ Add support for multithreading with the "dce thread" library under
+ HP-UX. This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and
+ linker.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: i386 and x86-64 Options, Next: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options, Prev: HPPA Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.15 Intel 386 and AMD x86-64 Options
+----------------------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the i386 and x86-64 family of
+computers:
+
+`-mtune=CPU-TYPE'
+ Tune to CPU-TYPE everything applicable about the generated code,
+ except for the ABI and the set of available instructions. The
+ choices for CPU-TYPE are:
+ _generic_
+ Produce code optimized for the most common IA32/AMD64/EM64T
+ processors. If you know the CPU on which your code will run,
+ then you should use the corresponding `-mtune' option instead
+ of `-mtune=generic'. But, if you do not know exactly what
+ CPU users of your application will have, then you should use
+ this option.
+
+ As new processors are deployed in the marketplace, the
+ behavior of this option will change. Therefore, if you
+ upgrade to a newer version of GCC, the code generated option
+ will change to reflect the processors that were most common
+ when that version of GCC was released.
+
+ There is no `-march=generic' option because `-march'
+ indicates the instruction set the compiler can use, and there
+ is no generic instruction set applicable to all processors.
+ In contrast, `-mtune' indicates the processor (or, in this
+ case, collection of processors) for which the code is
+ optimized.
+
+ _native_
+ This selects the CPU to tune for at compilation time by
+ determining the processor type of the compiling machine.
+ Using `-mtune=native' will produce code optimized for the
+ local machine under the constraints of the selected
+ instruction set. Using `-march=native' will enable all
+ instruction subsets supported by the local machine (hence the
+ result might not run on different machines).
+
+ _i386_
+ Original Intel's i386 CPU.
+
+ _i486_
+ Intel's i486 CPU. (No scheduling is implemented for this
+ chip.)
+
+ _i586, pentium_
+ Intel Pentium CPU with no MMX support.
+
+ _pentium-mmx_
+ Intel PentiumMMX CPU based on Pentium core with MMX
+ instruction set support.
+
+ _pentiumpro_
+ Intel PentiumPro CPU.
+
+ _i686_
+ Same as `generic', but when used as `march' option, PentiumPro
+ instruction set will be used, so the code will run on all
+ i686 family chips.
+
+ _pentium2_
+ Intel Pentium2 CPU based on PentiumPro core with MMX
+ instruction set support.
+
+ _pentium3, pentium3m_
+ Intel Pentium3 CPU based on PentiumPro core with MMX and SSE
+ instruction set support.
+
+ _pentium-m_
+ Low power version of Intel Pentium3 CPU with MMX, SSE and
+ SSE2 instruction set support. Used by Centrino notebooks.
+
+ _pentium4, pentium4m_
+ Intel Pentium4 CPU with MMX, SSE and SSE2 instruction set
+ support.
+
+ _prescott_
+ Improved version of Intel Pentium4 CPU with MMX, SSE, SSE2
+ and SSE3 instruction set support.
+
+ _nocona_
+ Improved version of Intel Pentium4 CPU with 64-bit
+ extensions, MMX, SSE, SSE2 and SSE3 instruction set support.
+
+ _core2_
+ Intel Core2 CPU with 64-bit extensions, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3
+ and SSSE3 instruction set support.
+
+ _k6_
+ AMD K6 CPU with MMX instruction set support.
+
+ _k6-2, k6-3_
+ Improved versions of AMD K6 CPU with MMX and 3dNOW!
+ instruction set support.
+
+ _athlon, athlon-tbird_
+ AMD Athlon CPU with MMX, 3dNOW!, enhanced 3dNOW! and SSE
+ prefetch instructions support.
+
+ _athlon-4, athlon-xp, athlon-mp_
+ Improved AMD Athlon CPU with MMX, 3dNOW!, enhanced 3dNOW! and
+ full SSE instruction set support.
+
+ _k8, opteron, athlon64, athlon-fx_
+ AMD K8 core based CPUs with x86-64 instruction set support.
+ (This supersets MMX, SSE, SSE2, 3dNOW!, enhanced 3dNOW! and
+ 64-bit instruction set extensions.)
+
+ _k8-sse3, opteron-sse3, athlon64-sse3_
+ Improved versions of k8, opteron and athlon64 with SSE3
+ instruction set support.
+
+ _amdfam10, barcelona_
+ AMD Family 10h core based CPUs with x86-64 instruction set
+ support. (This supersets MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4A,
+ 3dNOW!, enhanced 3dNOW!, ABM and 64-bit instruction set
+ extensions.)
+
+ _winchip-c6_
+ IDT Winchip C6 CPU, dealt in same way as i486 with additional
+ MMX instruction set support.
+
+ _winchip2_
+ IDT Winchip2 CPU, dealt in same way as i486 with additional
+ MMX and 3dNOW! instruction set support.
+
+ _c3_
+ Via C3 CPU with MMX and 3dNOW! instruction set support. (No
+ scheduling is implemented for this chip.)
+
+ _c3-2_
+ Via C3-2 CPU with MMX and SSE instruction set support. (No
+ scheduling is implemented for this chip.)
+
+ _geode_
+ Embedded AMD CPU with MMX and 3dNOW! instruction set support.
+
+ While picking a specific CPU-TYPE will schedule things
+ appropriately for that particular chip, the compiler will not
+ generate any code that does not run on the i386 without the
+ `-march=CPU-TYPE' option being used.
+
+`-march=CPU-TYPE'
+ Generate instructions for the machine type CPU-TYPE. The choices
+ for CPU-TYPE are the same as for `-mtune'. Moreover, specifying
+ `-march=CPU-TYPE' implies `-mtune=CPU-TYPE'.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU-TYPE'
+ A deprecated synonym for `-mtune'.
+
+`-mfpmath=UNIT'
+ Generate floating point arithmetics for selected unit UNIT. The
+ choices for UNIT are:
+
+ `387'
+ Use the standard 387 floating point coprocessor present
+ majority of chips and emulated otherwise. Code compiled with
+ this option will run almost everywhere. The temporary
+ results are computed in 80bit precision instead of precision
+ specified by the type resulting in slightly different results
+ compared to most of other chips. See `-ffloat-store' for
+ more detailed description.
+
+ This is the default choice for i386 compiler.
+
+ `sse'
+ Use scalar floating point instructions present in the SSE
+ instruction set. This instruction set is supported by
+ Pentium3 and newer chips, in the AMD line by Athlon-4,
+ Athlon-xp and Athlon-mp chips. The earlier version of SSE
+ instruction set supports only single precision arithmetics,
+ thus the double and extended precision arithmetics is still
+ done using 387. Later version, present only in Pentium4 and
+ the future AMD x86-64 chips supports double precision
+ arithmetics too.
+
+ For the i386 compiler, you need to use `-march=CPU-TYPE',
+ `-msse' or `-msse2' switches to enable SSE extensions and
+ make this option effective. For the x86-64 compiler, these
+ extensions are enabled by default.
+
+ The resulting code should be considerably faster in the
+ majority of cases and avoid the numerical instability
+ problems of 387 code, but may break some existing code that
+ expects temporaries to be 80bit.
+
+ This is the default choice for the x86-64 compiler.
+
+ `sse,387'
+ `sse+387'
+ `both'
+ Attempt to utilize both instruction sets at once. This
+ effectively double the amount of available registers and on
+ chips with separate execution units for 387 and SSE the
+ execution resources too. Use this option with care, as it is
+ still experimental, because the GCC register allocator does
+ not model separate functional units well resulting in
+ instable performance.
+
+`-masm=DIALECT'
+ Output asm instructions using selected DIALECT. Supported choices
+ are `intel' or `att' (the default one). Darwin does not support
+ `intel'.
+
+`-mieee-fp'
+`-mno-ieee-fp'
+ Control whether or not the compiler uses IEEE floating point
+ comparisons. These handle correctly the case where the result of a
+ comparison is unordered.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+ *Warning:* the requisite libraries are not part of GCC. Normally
+ the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but
+ this can't be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make
+ your own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for
+ cross-compilation.
+
+ On machines where a function returns floating point results in the
+ 80387 register stack, some floating point opcodes may be emitted
+ even if `-msoft-float' is used.
+
+`-mno-fp-ret-in-387'
+ Do not use the FPU registers for return values of functions.
+
+ The usual calling convention has functions return values of types
+ `float' and `double' in an FPU register, even if there is no FPU.
+ The idea is that the operating system should emulate an FPU.
+
+ The option `-mno-fp-ret-in-387' causes such values to be returned
+ in ordinary CPU registers instead.
+
+`-mno-fancy-math-387'
+ Some 387 emulators do not support the `sin', `cos' and `sqrt'
+ instructions for the 387. Specify this option to avoid generating
+ those instructions. This option is the default on FreeBSD,
+ OpenBSD and NetBSD. This option is overridden when `-march'
+ indicates that the target cpu will always have an FPU and so the
+ instruction will not need emulation. As of revision 2.6.1, these
+ instructions are not generated unless you also use the
+ `-funsafe-math-optimizations' switch.
+
+`-malign-double'
+`-mno-align-double'
+ Control whether GCC aligns `double', `long double', and `long
+ long' variables on a two word boundary or a one word boundary.
+ Aligning `double' variables on a two word boundary will produce
+ code that runs somewhat faster on a `Pentium' at the expense of
+ more memory.
+
+ On x86-64, `-malign-double' is enabled by default.
+
+ *Warning:* if you use the `-malign-double' switch, structures
+ containing the above types will be aligned differently than the
+ published application binary interface specifications for the 386
+ and will not be binary compatible with structures in code compiled
+ without that switch.
+
+`-m96bit-long-double'
+`-m128bit-long-double'
+ These switches control the size of `long double' type. The i386
+ application binary interface specifies the size to be 96 bits, so
+ `-m96bit-long-double' is the default in 32 bit mode.
+
+ Modern architectures (Pentium and newer) would prefer `long double'
+ to be aligned to an 8 or 16 byte boundary. In arrays or structures
+ conforming to the ABI, this would not be possible. So specifying a
+ `-m128bit-long-double' will align `long double' to a 16 byte
+ boundary by padding the `long double' with an additional 32 bit
+ zero.
+
+ In the x86-64 compiler, `-m128bit-long-double' is the default
+ choice as its ABI specifies that `long double' is to be aligned on
+ 16 byte boundary.
+
+ Notice that neither of these options enable any extra precision
+ over the x87 standard of 80 bits for a `long double'.
+
+ *Warning:* if you override the default value for your target ABI,
+ the structures and arrays containing `long double' variables will
+ change their size as well as function calling convention for
+ function taking `long double' will be modified. Hence they will
+ not be binary compatible with arrays or structures in code
+ compiled without that switch.
+
+`-mlarge-data-threshold=NUMBER'
+ When `-mcmodel=medium' is specified, the data greater than
+ THRESHOLD are placed in large data section. This value must be the
+ same across all object linked into the binary and defaults to
+ 65535.
+
+`-mrtd'
+ Use a different function-calling convention, in which functions
+ that take a fixed number of arguments return with the `ret' NUM
+ instruction, which pops their arguments while returning. This
+ saves one instruction in the caller since there is no need to pop
+ the arguments there.
+
+ You can specify that an individual function is called with this
+ calling sequence with the function attribute `stdcall'. You can
+ also override the `-mrtd' option by using the function attribute
+ `cdecl'. *Note Function Attributes::.
+
+ *Warning:* this calling convention is incompatible with the one
+ normally used on Unix, so you cannot use it if you need to call
+ libraries compiled with the Unix compiler.
+
+ Also, you must provide function prototypes for all functions that
+ take variable numbers of arguments (including `printf'); otherwise
+ incorrect code will be generated for calls to those functions.
+
+ In addition, seriously incorrect code will result if you call a
+ function with too many arguments. (Normally, extra arguments are
+ harmlessly ignored.)
+
+`-mregparm=NUM'
+ Control how many registers are used to pass integer arguments. By
+ default, no registers are used to pass arguments, and at most 3
+ registers can be used. You can control this behavior for a
+ specific function by using the function attribute `regparm'.
+ *Note Function Attributes::.
+
+ *Warning:* if you use this switch, and NUM is nonzero, then you
+ must build all modules with the same value, including any
+ libraries. This includes the system libraries and startup modules.
+
+`-msseregparm'
+ Use SSE register passing conventions for float and double arguments
+ and return values. You can control this behavior for a specific
+ function by using the function attribute `sseregparm'. *Note
+ Function Attributes::.
+
+ *Warning:* if you use this switch then you must build all modules
+ with the same value, including any libraries. This includes the
+ system libraries and startup modules.
+
+`-mpc32'
+`-mpc64'
+`-mpc80'
+ Set 80387 floating-point precision to 32, 64 or 80 bits. When
+ `-mpc32' is specified, the significands of results of
+ floating-point operations are rounded to 24 bits (single
+ precision); `-mpc64' rounds the significands of results of
+ floating-point operations to 53 bits (double precision) and
+ `-mpc80' rounds the significands of results of floating-point
+ operations to 64 bits (extended double precision), which is the
+ default. When this option is used, floating-point operations in
+ higher precisions are not available to the programmer without
+ setting the FPU control word explicitly.
+
+ Setting the rounding of floating-point operations to less than the
+ default 80 bits can speed some programs by 2% or more. Note that
+ some mathematical libraries assume that extended precision (80
+ bit) floating-point operations are enabled by default; routines in
+ such libraries could suffer significant loss of accuracy,
+ typically through so-called "catastrophic cancellation", when this
+ option is used to set the precision to less than extended
+ precision.
+
+`-mstackrealign'
+ Realign the stack at entry. On the Intel x86, the `-mstackrealign'
+ option will generate an alternate prologue and epilogue that
+ realigns the runtime stack if necessary. This supports mixing
+ legacy codes that keep a 4-byte aligned stack with modern codes
+ that keep a 16-byte stack for SSE compatibility. See also the
+ attribute `force_align_arg_pointer', applicable to individual
+ functions.
+
+`-mpreferred-stack-boundary=NUM'
+ Attempt to keep the stack boundary aligned to a 2 raised to NUM
+ byte boundary. If `-mpreferred-stack-boundary' is not specified,
+ the default is 4 (16 bytes or 128 bits).
+
+`-mincoming-stack-boundary=NUM'
+ Assume the incoming stack is aligned to a 2 raised to NUM byte
+ boundary. If `-mincoming-stack-boundary' is not specified, the
+ one specified by `-mpreferred-stack-boundary' will be used.
+
+ On Pentium and PentiumPro, `double' and `long double' values
+ should be aligned to an 8 byte boundary (see `-malign-double') or
+ suffer significant run time performance penalties. On Pentium
+ III, the Streaming SIMD Extension (SSE) data type `__m128' may not
+ work properly if it is not 16 byte aligned.
+
+ To ensure proper alignment of this values on the stack, the stack
+ boundary must be as aligned as that required by any value stored
+ on the stack. Further, every function must be generated such that
+ it keeps the stack aligned. Thus calling a function compiled with
+ a higher preferred stack boundary from a function compiled with a
+ lower preferred stack boundary will most likely misalign the
+ stack. It is recommended that libraries that use callbacks always
+ use the default setting.
+
+ This extra alignment does consume extra stack space, and generally
+ increases code size. Code that is sensitive to stack space usage,
+ such as embedded systems and operating system kernels, may want to
+ reduce the preferred alignment to `-mpreferred-stack-boundary=2'.
+
+`-mmmx'
+`-mno-mmx'
+`-msse'
+`-mno-sse'
+`-msse2'
+`-mno-sse2'
+`-msse3'
+`-mno-sse3'
+`-mssse3'
+`-mno-ssse3'
+`-msse4.1'
+`-mno-sse4.1'
+`-msse4.2'
+`-mno-sse4.2'
+`-msse4'
+`-mno-sse4'
+`-mavx'
+`-mno-avx'
+`-maes'
+`-mno-aes'
+`-mpclmul'
+`-mno-pclmul'
+`-msse4a'
+`-mno-sse4a'
+`-msse5'
+`-mno-sse5'
+`-m3dnow'
+`-mno-3dnow'
+`-mpopcnt'
+`-mno-popcnt'
+`-mabm'
+`-mno-abm'
+ These switches enable or disable the use of instructions in the
+ MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, AVX, AES, PCLMUL, SSE4A,
+ SSE5, ABM or 3DNow! extended instruction sets. These extensions
+ are also available as built-in functions: see *note X86 Built-in
+ Functions::, for details of the functions enabled and disabled by
+ these switches.
+
+ To have SSE/SSE2 instructions generated automatically from
+ floating-point code (as opposed to 387 instructions), see
+ `-mfpmath=sse'.
+
+ GCC depresses SSEx instructions when `-mavx' is used. Instead, it
+ generates new AVX instructions or AVX equivalence for all SSEx
+ instructions when needed.
+
+ These options will enable GCC to use these extended instructions in
+ generated code, even without `-mfpmath=sse'. Applications which
+ perform runtime CPU detection must compile separate files for each
+ supported architecture, using the appropriate flags. In
+ particular, the file containing the CPU detection code should be
+ compiled without these options.
+
+`-mcld'
+ This option instructs GCC to emit a `cld' instruction in the
+ prologue of functions that use string instructions. String
+ instructions depend on the DF flag to select between autoincrement
+ or autodecrement mode. While the ABI specifies the DF flag to be
+ cleared on function entry, some operating systems violate this
+ specification by not clearing the DF flag in their exception
+ dispatchers. The exception handler can be invoked with the DF flag
+ set which leads to wrong direction mode, when string instructions
+ are used. This option can be enabled by default on 32-bit x86
+ targets by configuring GCC with the `--enable-cld' configure
+ option. Generation of `cld' instructions can be suppressed with
+ the `-mno-cld' compiler option in this case.
+
+`-mcx16'
+ This option will enable GCC to use CMPXCHG16B instruction in
+ generated code. CMPXCHG16B allows for atomic operations on
+ 128-bit double quadword (or oword) data types. This is useful for
+ high resolution counters that could be updated by multiple
+ processors (or cores). This instruction is generated as part of
+ atomic built-in functions: see *note Atomic Builtins:: for details.
+
+`-msahf'
+ This option will enable GCC to use SAHF instruction in generated
+ 64-bit code. Early Intel CPUs with Intel 64 lacked LAHF and SAHF
+ instructions supported by AMD64 until introduction of Pentium 4 G1
+ step in December 2005. LAHF and SAHF are load and store
+ instructions, respectively, for certain status flags. In 64-bit
+ mode, SAHF instruction is used to optimize `fmod', `drem' or
+ `remainder' built-in functions: see *note Other Builtins:: for
+ details.
+
+`-mrecip'
+ This option will enable GCC to use RCPSS and RSQRTSS instructions
+ (and their vectorized variants RCPPS and RSQRTPS) with an
+ additional Newton-Raphson step to increase precision instead of
+ DIVSS and SQRTSS (and their vectorized variants) for single
+ precision floating point arguments. These instructions are
+ generated only when `-funsafe-math-optimizations' is enabled
+ together with `-finite-math-only' and `-fno-trapping-math'. Note
+ that while the throughput of the sequence is higher than the
+ throughput of the non-reciprocal instruction, the precision of the
+ sequence can be decreased by up to 2 ulp (i.e. the inverse of 1.0
+ equals 0.99999994).
+
+`-mveclibabi=TYPE'
+ Specifies the ABI type to use for vectorizing intrinsics using an
+ external library. Supported types are `svml' for the Intel short
+ vector math library and `acml' for the AMD math core library style
+ of interfacing. GCC will currently emit calls to `vmldExp2',
+ `vmldLn2', `vmldLog102', `vmldLog102', `vmldPow2', `vmldTanh2',
+ `vmldTan2', `vmldAtan2', `vmldAtanh2', `vmldCbrt2', `vmldSinh2',
+ `vmldSin2', `vmldAsinh2', `vmldAsin2', `vmldCosh2', `vmldCos2',
+ `vmldAcosh2', `vmldAcos2', `vmlsExp4', `vmlsLn4', `vmlsLog104',
+ `vmlsLog104', `vmlsPow4', `vmlsTanh4', `vmlsTan4', `vmlsAtan4',
+ `vmlsAtanh4', `vmlsCbrt4', `vmlsSinh4', `vmlsSin4', `vmlsAsinh4',
+ `vmlsAsin4', `vmlsCosh4', `vmlsCos4', `vmlsAcosh4' and `vmlsAcos4'
+ for corresponding function type when `-mveclibabi=svml' is used
+ and `__vrd2_sin', `__vrd2_cos', `__vrd2_exp', `__vrd2_log',
+ `__vrd2_log2', `__vrd2_log10', `__vrs4_sinf', `__vrs4_cosf',
+ `__vrs4_expf', `__vrs4_logf', `__vrs4_log2f', `__vrs4_log10f' and
+ `__vrs4_powf' for corresponding function type when
+ `-mveclibabi=acml' is used. Both `-ftree-vectorize' and
+ `-funsafe-math-optimizations' have to be enabled. A SVML or ACML
+ ABI compatible library will have to be specified at link time.
+
+`-mpush-args'
+`-mno-push-args'
+ Use PUSH operations to store outgoing parameters. This method is
+ shorter and usually equally fast as method using SUB/MOV
+ operations and is enabled by default. In some cases disabling it
+ may improve performance because of improved scheduling and reduced
+ dependencies.
+
+`-maccumulate-outgoing-args'
+ If enabled, the maximum amount of space required for outgoing
+ arguments will be computed in the function prologue. This is
+ faster on most modern CPUs because of reduced dependencies,
+ improved scheduling and reduced stack usage when preferred stack
+ boundary is not equal to 2. The drawback is a notable increase in
+ code size. This switch implies `-mno-push-args'.
+
+`-mthreads'
+ Support thread-safe exception handling on `Mingw32'. Code that
+ relies on thread-safe exception handling must compile and link all
+ code with the `-mthreads' option. When compiling, `-mthreads'
+ defines `-D_MT'; when linking, it links in a special thread helper
+ library `-lmingwthrd' which cleans up per thread exception
+ handling data.
+
+`-mno-align-stringops'
+ Do not align destination of inlined string operations. This
+ switch reduces code size and improves performance in case the
+ destination is already aligned, but GCC doesn't know about it.
+
+`-minline-all-stringops'
+ By default GCC inlines string operations only when destination is
+ known to be aligned at least to 4 byte boundary. This enables
+ more inlining, increase code size, but may improve performance of
+ code that depends on fast memcpy, strlen and memset for short
+ lengths.
+
+`-minline-stringops-dynamically'
+ For string operation of unknown size, inline runtime checks so for
+ small blocks inline code is used, while for large blocks library
+ call is used.
+
+`-mstringop-strategy=ALG'
+ Overwrite internal decision heuristic about particular algorithm
+ to inline string operation with. The allowed values are
+ `rep_byte', `rep_4byte', `rep_8byte' for expanding using i386
+ `rep' prefix of specified size, `byte_loop', `loop',
+ `unrolled_loop' for expanding inline loop, `libcall' for always
+ expanding library call.
+
+`-momit-leaf-frame-pointer'
+ Don't keep the frame pointer in a register for leaf functions.
+ This avoids the instructions to save, set up and restore frame
+ pointers and makes an extra register available in leaf functions.
+ The option `-fomit-frame-pointer' removes the frame pointer for
+ all functions which might make debugging harder.
+
+`-mtls-direct-seg-refs'
+`-mno-tls-direct-seg-refs'
+ Controls whether TLS variables may be accessed with offsets from
+ the TLS segment register (`%gs' for 32-bit, `%fs' for 64-bit), or
+ whether the thread base pointer must be added. Whether or not this
+ is legal depends on the operating system, and whether it maps the
+ segment to cover the entire TLS area.
+
+ For systems that use GNU libc, the default is on.
+
+`-mfused-madd'
+`-mno-fused-madd'
+ Enable automatic generation of fused floating point multiply-add
+ instructions if the ISA supports such instructions. The
+ -mfused-madd option is on by default. The fused multiply-add
+ instructions have a different rounding behavior compared to
+ executing a multiply followed by an add.
+
+`-msse2avx'
+`-mno-sse2avx'
+ Specify that the assembler should encode SSE instructions with VEX
+ prefix. The option `-mavx' turns this on by default.
+
+ These `-m' switches are supported in addition to the above on AMD
+x86-64 processors in 64-bit environments.
+
+`-m32'
+`-m64'
+ Generate code for a 32-bit or 64-bit environment. The 32-bit
+ environment sets int, long and pointer to 32 bits and generates
+ code that runs on any i386 system. The 64-bit environment sets
+ int to 32 bits and long and pointer to 64 bits and generates code
+ for AMD's x86-64 architecture. For darwin only the -m64 option
+ turns off the `-fno-pic' and `-mdynamic-no-pic' options.
+
+`-mno-red-zone'
+ Do not use a so called red zone for x86-64 code. The red zone is
+ mandated by the x86-64 ABI, it is a 128-byte area beyond the
+ location of the stack pointer that will not be modified by signal
+ or interrupt handlers and therefore can be used for temporary data
+ without adjusting the stack pointer. The flag `-mno-red-zone'
+ disables this red zone.
+
+`-mcmodel=small'
+ Generate code for the small code model: the program and its
+ symbols must be linked in the lower 2 GB of the address space.
+ Pointers are 64 bits. Programs can be statically or dynamically
+ linked. This is the default code model.
+
+`-mcmodel=kernel'
+ Generate code for the kernel code model. The kernel runs in the
+ negative 2 GB of the address space. This model has to be used for
+ Linux kernel code.
+
+`-mcmodel=medium'
+ Generate code for the medium model: The program is linked in the
+ lower 2 GB of the address space. Small symbols are also placed
+ there. Symbols with sizes larger than `-mlarge-data-threshold'
+ are put into large data or bss sections and can be located above
+ 2GB. Programs can be statically or dynamically linked.
+
+`-mcmodel=large'
+ Generate code for the large model: This model makes no assumptions
+ about addresses and sizes of sections.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: IA-64 Options, Next: M32C Options, Prev: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.16 IA-64 Options
+---------------------
+
+These are the `-m' options defined for the Intel IA-64 architecture.
+
+`-mbig-endian'
+ Generate code for a big endian target. This is the default for
+ HP-UX.
+
+`-mlittle-endian'
+ Generate code for a little endian target. This is the default for
+ AIX5 and GNU/Linux.
+
+`-mgnu-as'
+`-mno-gnu-as'
+ Generate (or don't) code for the GNU assembler. This is the
+ default.
+
+`-mgnu-ld'
+`-mno-gnu-ld'
+ Generate (or don't) code for the GNU linker. This is the default.
+
+`-mno-pic'
+ Generate code that does not use a global pointer register. The
+ result is not position independent code, and violates the IA-64
+ ABI.
+
+`-mvolatile-asm-stop'
+`-mno-volatile-asm-stop'
+ Generate (or don't) a stop bit immediately before and after
+ volatile asm statements.
+
+`-mregister-names'
+`-mno-register-names'
+ Generate (or don't) `in', `loc', and `out' register names for the
+ stacked registers. This may make assembler output more readable.
+
+`-mno-sdata'
+`-msdata'
+ Disable (or enable) optimizations that use the small data section.
+ This may be useful for working around optimizer bugs.
+
+`-mconstant-gp'
+ Generate code that uses a single constant global pointer value.
+ This is useful when compiling kernel code.
+
+`-mauto-pic'
+ Generate code that is self-relocatable. This implies
+ `-mconstant-gp'. This is useful when compiling firmware code.
+
+`-minline-float-divide-min-latency'
+ Generate code for inline divides of floating point values using
+ the minimum latency algorithm.
+
+`-minline-float-divide-max-throughput'
+ Generate code for inline divides of floating point values using
+ the maximum throughput algorithm.
+
+`-minline-int-divide-min-latency'
+ Generate code for inline divides of integer values using the
+ minimum latency algorithm.
+
+`-minline-int-divide-max-throughput'
+ Generate code for inline divides of integer values using the
+ maximum throughput algorithm.
+
+`-minline-sqrt-min-latency'
+ Generate code for inline square roots using the minimum latency
+ algorithm.
+
+`-minline-sqrt-max-throughput'
+ Generate code for inline square roots using the maximum throughput
+ algorithm.
+
+`-mno-dwarf2-asm'
+`-mdwarf2-asm'
+ Don't (or do) generate assembler code for the DWARF2 line number
+ debugging info. This may be useful when not using the GNU
+ assembler.
+
+`-mearly-stop-bits'
+`-mno-early-stop-bits'
+ Allow stop bits to be placed earlier than immediately preceding the
+ instruction that triggered the stop bit. This can improve
+ instruction scheduling, but does not always do so.
+
+`-mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE'
+ Generate code treating the given register range as fixed registers.
+ A fixed register is one that the register allocator can not use.
+ This is useful when compiling kernel code. A register range is
+ specified as two registers separated by a dash. Multiple register
+ ranges can be specified separated by a comma.
+
+`-mtls-size=TLS-SIZE'
+ Specify bit size of immediate TLS offsets. Valid values are 14,
+ 22, and 64.
+
+`-mtune=CPU-TYPE'
+ Tune the instruction scheduling for a particular CPU, Valid values
+ are itanium, itanium1, merced, itanium2, and mckinley.
+
+`-mt'
+`-pthread'
+ Add support for multithreading using the POSIX threads library.
+ This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. It
+ does not affect the thread safety of object code produced by the
+ compiler or that of libraries supplied with it. These are HP-UX
+ specific flags.
+
+`-milp32'
+`-mlp64'
+ Generate code for a 32-bit or 64-bit environment. The 32-bit
+ environment sets int, long and pointer to 32 bits. The 64-bit
+ environment sets int to 32 bits and long and pointer to 64 bits.
+ These are HP-UX specific flags.
+
+`-mno-sched-br-data-spec'
+`-msched-br-data-spec'
+ (Dis/En)able data speculative scheduling before reload. This will
+ result in generation of the ld.a instructions and the
+ corresponding check instructions (ld.c / chk.a). The default is
+ 'disable'.
+
+`-msched-ar-data-spec'
+`-mno-sched-ar-data-spec'
+ (En/Dis)able data speculative scheduling after reload. This will
+ result in generation of the ld.a instructions and the
+ corresponding check instructions (ld.c / chk.a). The default is
+ 'enable'.
+
+`-mno-sched-control-spec'
+`-msched-control-spec'
+ (Dis/En)able control speculative scheduling. This feature is
+ available only during region scheduling (i.e. before reload).
+ This will result in generation of the ld.s instructions and the
+ corresponding check instructions chk.s . The default is 'disable'.
+
+`-msched-br-in-data-spec'
+`-mno-sched-br-in-data-spec'
+ (En/Dis)able speculative scheduling of the instructions that are
+ dependent on the data speculative loads before reload. This is
+ effective only with `-msched-br-data-spec' enabled. The default
+ is 'enable'.
+
+`-msched-ar-in-data-spec'
+`-mno-sched-ar-in-data-spec'
+ (En/Dis)able speculative scheduling of the instructions that are
+ dependent on the data speculative loads after reload. This is
+ effective only with `-msched-ar-data-spec' enabled. The default
+ is 'enable'.
+
+`-msched-in-control-spec'
+`-mno-sched-in-control-spec'
+ (En/Dis)able speculative scheduling of the instructions that are
+ dependent on the control speculative loads. This is effective
+ only with `-msched-control-spec' enabled. The default is 'enable'.
+
+`-msched-ldc'
+`-mno-sched-ldc'
+ (En/Dis)able use of simple data speculation checks ld.c . If
+ disabled, only chk.a instructions will be emitted to check data
+ speculative loads. The default is 'enable'.
+
+`-mno-sched-control-ldc'
+`-msched-control-ldc'
+ (Dis/En)able use of ld.c instructions to check control speculative
+ loads. If enabled, in case of control speculative load with no
+ speculatively scheduled dependent instructions this load will be
+ emitted as ld.sa and ld.c will be used to check it. The default
+ is 'disable'.
+
+`-mno-sched-spec-verbose'
+`-msched-spec-verbose'
+ (Dis/En)able printing of the information about speculative motions.
+
+`-mno-sched-prefer-non-data-spec-insns'
+`-msched-prefer-non-data-spec-insns'
+ If enabled, data speculative instructions will be chosen for
+ schedule only if there are no other choices at the moment. This
+ will make the use of the data speculation much more conservative.
+ The default is 'disable'.
+
+`-mno-sched-prefer-non-control-spec-insns'
+`-msched-prefer-non-control-spec-insns'
+ If enabled, control speculative instructions will be chosen for
+ schedule only if there are no other choices at the moment. This
+ will make the use of the control speculation much more
+ conservative. The default is 'disable'.
+
+`-mno-sched-count-spec-in-critical-path'
+`-msched-count-spec-in-critical-path'
+ If enabled, speculative dependencies will be considered during
+ computation of the instructions priorities. This will make the
+ use of the speculation a bit more conservative. The default is
+ 'disable'.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: M32C Options, Next: M32R/D Options, Prev: IA-64 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.17 M32C Options
+--------------------
+
+`-mcpu=NAME'
+ Select the CPU for which code is generated. NAME may be one of
+ `r8c' for the R8C/Tiny series, `m16c' for the M16C (up to /60)
+ series, `m32cm' for the M16C/80 series, or `m32c' for the M32C/80
+ series.
+
+`-msim'
+ Specifies that the program will be run on the simulator. This
+ causes an alternate runtime library to be linked in which
+ supports, for example, file I/O. You must not use this option
+ when generating programs that will run on real hardware; you must
+ provide your own runtime library for whatever I/O functions are
+ needed.
+
+`-memregs=NUMBER'
+ Specifies the number of memory-based pseudo-registers GCC will use
+ during code generation. These pseudo-registers will be used like
+ real registers, so there is a tradeoff between GCC's ability to
+ fit the code into available registers, and the performance penalty
+ of using memory instead of registers. Note that all modules in a
+ program must be compiled with the same value for this option.
+ Because of that, you must not use this option with the default
+ runtime libraries gcc builds.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: M32R/D Options, Next: M680x0 Options, Prev: M32C Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.18 M32R/D Options
+----------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for Renesas M32R/D architectures:
+
+`-m32r2'
+ Generate code for the M32R/2.
+
+`-m32rx'
+ Generate code for the M32R/X.
+
+`-m32r'
+ Generate code for the M32R. This is the default.
+
+`-mmodel=small'
+ Assume all objects live in the lower 16MB of memory (so that their
+ addresses can be loaded with the `ld24' instruction), and assume
+ all subroutines are reachable with the `bl' instruction. This is
+ the default.
+
+ The addressability of a particular object can be set with the
+ `model' attribute.
+
+`-mmodel=medium'
+ Assume objects may be anywhere in the 32-bit address space (the
+ compiler will generate `seth/add3' instructions to load their
+ addresses), and assume all subroutines are reachable with the `bl'
+ instruction.
+
+`-mmodel=large'
+ Assume objects may be anywhere in the 32-bit address space (the
+ compiler will generate `seth/add3' instructions to load their
+ addresses), and assume subroutines may not be reachable with the
+ `bl' instruction (the compiler will generate the much slower
+ `seth/add3/jl' instruction sequence).
+
+`-msdata=none'
+ Disable use of the small data area. Variables will be put into
+ one of `.data', `bss', or `.rodata' (unless the `section'
+ attribute has been specified). This is the default.
+
+ The small data area consists of sections `.sdata' and `.sbss'.
+ Objects may be explicitly put in the small data area with the
+ `section' attribute using one of these sections.
+
+`-msdata=sdata'
+ Put small global and static data in the small data area, but do not
+ generate special code to reference them.
+
+`-msdata=use'
+ Put small global and static data in the small data area, and
+ generate special instructions to reference them.
+
+`-G NUM'
+ Put global and static objects less than or equal to NUM bytes into
+ the small data or bss sections instead of the normal data or bss
+ sections. The default value of NUM is 8. The `-msdata' option
+ must be set to one of `sdata' or `use' for this option to have any
+ effect.
+
+ All modules should be compiled with the same `-G NUM' value.
+ Compiling with different values of NUM may or may not work; if it
+ doesn't the linker will give an error message--incorrect code will
+ not be generated.
+
+`-mdebug'
+ Makes the M32R specific code in the compiler display some
+ statistics that might help in debugging programs.
+
+`-malign-loops'
+ Align all loops to a 32-byte boundary.
+
+`-mno-align-loops'
+ Do not enforce a 32-byte alignment for loops. This is the default.
+
+`-missue-rate=NUMBER'
+ Issue NUMBER instructions per cycle. NUMBER can only be 1 or 2.
+
+`-mbranch-cost=NUMBER'
+ NUMBER can only be 1 or 2. If it is 1 then branches will be
+ preferred over conditional code, if it is 2, then the opposite will
+ apply.
+
+`-mflush-trap=NUMBER'
+ Specifies the trap number to use to flush the cache. The default
+ is 12. Valid numbers are between 0 and 15 inclusive.
+
+`-mno-flush-trap'
+ Specifies that the cache cannot be flushed by using a trap.
+
+`-mflush-func=NAME'
+ Specifies the name of the operating system function to call to
+ flush the cache. The default is __flush_cache_, but a function
+ call will only be used if a trap is not available.
+
+`-mno-flush-func'
+ Indicates that there is no OS function for flushing the cache.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: M680x0 Options, Next: M68hc1x Options, Prev: M32R/D Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.19 M680x0 Options
+----------------------
+
+These are the `-m' options defined for M680x0 and ColdFire processors.
+The default settings depend on which architecture was selected when the
+compiler was configured; the defaults for the most common choices are
+given below.
+
+`-march=ARCH'
+ Generate code for a specific M680x0 or ColdFire instruction set
+ architecture. Permissible values of ARCH for M680x0 architectures
+ are: `68000', `68010', `68020', `68030', `68040', `68060' and
+ `cpu32'. ColdFire architectures are selected according to
+ Freescale's ISA classification and the permissible values are:
+ `isaa', `isaaplus', `isab' and `isac'.
+
+ gcc defines a macro `__mcfARCH__' whenever it is generating code
+ for a ColdFire target. The ARCH in this macro is one of the
+ `-march' arguments given above.
+
+ When used together, `-march' and `-mtune' select code that runs on
+ a family of similar processors but that is optimized for a
+ particular microarchitecture.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU'
+ Generate code for a specific M680x0 or ColdFire processor. The
+ M680x0 CPUs are: `68000', `68010', `68020', `68030', `68040',
+ `68060', `68302', `68332' and `cpu32'. The ColdFire CPUs are
+ given by the table below, which also classifies the CPUs into
+ families:
+
+ *Family* *`-mcpu' arguments*
+ `51qe' `51qe'
+ `5206' `5202' `5204' `5206'
+ `5206e' `5206e'
+ `5208' `5207' `5208'
+ `5211a' `5210a' `5211a'
+ `5213' `5211' `5212' `5213'
+ `5216' `5214' `5216'
+ `52235' `52230' `52231' `52232' `52233' `52234' `52235'
+ `5225' `5224' `5225'
+ `5235' `5232' `5233' `5234' `5235' `523x'
+ `5249' `5249'
+ `5250' `5250'
+ `5271' `5270' `5271'
+ `5272' `5272'
+ `5275' `5274' `5275'
+ `5282' `5280' `5281' `5282' `528x'
+ `5307' `5307'
+ `5329' `5327' `5328' `5329' `532x'
+ `5373' `5372' `5373' `537x'
+ `5407' `5407'
+ `5475' `5470' `5471' `5472' `5473' `5474' `5475' `547x'
+ `5480' `5481' `5482' `5483' `5484' `5485'
+
+ `-mcpu=CPU' overrides `-march=ARCH' if ARCH is compatible with
+ CPU. Other combinations of `-mcpu' and `-march' are rejected.
+
+ gcc defines the macro `__mcf_cpu_CPU' when ColdFire target CPU is
+ selected. It also defines `__mcf_family_FAMILY', where the value
+ of FAMILY is given by the table above.
+
+`-mtune=TUNE'
+ Tune the code for a particular microarchitecture, within the
+ constraints set by `-march' and `-mcpu'. The M680x0
+ microarchitectures are: `68000', `68010', `68020', `68030',
+ `68040', `68060' and `cpu32'. The ColdFire microarchitectures
+ are: `cfv1', `cfv2', `cfv3', `cfv4' and `cfv4e'.
+
+ You can also use `-mtune=68020-40' for code that needs to run
+ relatively well on 68020, 68030 and 68040 targets.
+ `-mtune=68020-60' is similar but includes 68060 targets as well.
+ These two options select the same tuning decisions as `-m68020-40'
+ and `-m68020-60' respectively.
+
+ gcc defines the macros `__mcARCH' and `__mcARCH__' when tuning for
+ 680x0 architecture ARCH. It also defines `mcARCH' unless either
+ `-ansi' or a non-GNU `-std' option is used. If gcc is tuning for
+ a range of architectures, as selected by `-mtune=68020-40' or
+ `-mtune=68020-60', it defines the macros for every architecture in
+ the range.
+
+ gcc also defines the macro `__mUARCH__' when tuning for ColdFire
+ microarchitecture UARCH, where UARCH is one of the arguments given
+ above.
+
+`-m68000'
+`-mc68000'
+ Generate output for a 68000. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68000-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68000'.
+
+ Use this option for microcontrollers with a 68000 or EC000 core,
+ including the 68008, 68302, 68306, 68307, 68322, 68328 and 68356.
+
+`-m68010'
+ Generate output for a 68010. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68010-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68010'.
+
+`-m68020'
+`-mc68020'
+ Generate output for a 68020. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68020-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68020'.
+
+`-m68030'
+ Generate output for a 68030. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68030-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68030'.
+
+`-m68040'
+ Generate output for a 68040. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68040-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68040'.
+
+ This option inhibits the use of 68881/68882 instructions that have
+ to be emulated by software on the 68040. Use this option if your
+ 68040 does not have code to emulate those instructions.
+
+`-m68060'
+ Generate output for a 68060. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68060-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=68060'.
+
+ This option inhibits the use of 68020 and 68881/68882 instructions
+ that have to be emulated by software on the 68060. Use this
+ option if your 68060 does not have code to emulate those
+ instructions.
+
+`-mcpu32'
+ Generate output for a CPU32. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for CPU32-based systems. It is equivalent
+ to `-march=cpu32'.
+
+ Use this option for microcontrollers with a CPU32 or CPU32+ core,
+ including the 68330, 68331, 68332, 68333, 68334, 68336, 68340,
+ 68341, 68349 and 68360.
+
+`-m5200'
+ Generate output for a 520X ColdFire CPU. This is the default when
+ the compiler is configured for 520X-based systems. It is
+ equivalent to `-mcpu=5206', and is now deprecated in favor of that
+ option.
+
+ Use this option for microcontroller with a 5200 core, including
+ the MCF5202, MCF5203, MCF5204 and MCF5206.
+
+`-m5206e'
+ Generate output for a 5206e ColdFire CPU. The option is now
+ deprecated in favor of the equivalent `-mcpu=5206e'.
+
+`-m528x'
+ Generate output for a member of the ColdFire 528X family. The
+ option is now deprecated in favor of the equivalent `-mcpu=528x'.
+
+`-m5307'
+ Generate output for a ColdFire 5307 CPU. The option is now
+ deprecated in favor of the equivalent `-mcpu=5307'.
+
+`-m5407'
+ Generate output for a ColdFire 5407 CPU. The option is now
+ deprecated in favor of the equivalent `-mcpu=5407'.
+
+`-mcfv4e'
+ Generate output for a ColdFire V4e family CPU (e.g. 547x/548x).
+ This includes use of hardware floating point instructions. The
+ option is equivalent to `-mcpu=547x', and is now deprecated in
+ favor of that option.
+
+`-m68020-40'
+ Generate output for a 68040, without using any of the new
+ instructions. This results in code which can run relatively
+ efficiently on either a 68020/68881 or a 68030 or a 68040. The
+ generated code does use the 68881 instructions that are emulated
+ on the 68040.
+
+ The option is equivalent to `-march=68020' `-mtune=68020-40'.
+
+`-m68020-60'
+ Generate output for a 68060, without using any of the new
+ instructions. This results in code which can run relatively
+ efficiently on either a 68020/68881 or a 68030 or a 68040. The
+ generated code does use the 68881 instructions that are emulated
+ on the 68060.
+
+ The option is equivalent to `-march=68020' `-mtune=68020-60'.
+
+`-mhard-float'
+`-m68881'
+ Generate floating-point instructions. This is the default for
+ 68020 and above, and for ColdFire devices that have an FPU. It
+ defines the macro `__HAVE_68881__' on M680x0 targets and
+ `__mcffpu__' on ColdFire targets.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Do not generate floating-point instructions; use library calls
+ instead. This is the default for 68000, 68010, and 68832 targets.
+ It is also the default for ColdFire devices that have no FPU.
+
+`-mdiv'
+`-mno-div'
+ Generate (do not generate) ColdFire hardware divide and remainder
+ instructions. If `-march' is used without `-mcpu', the default is
+ "on" for ColdFire architectures and "off" for M680x0
+ architectures. Otherwise, the default is taken from the target CPU
+ (either the default CPU, or the one specified by `-mcpu'). For
+ example, the default is "off" for `-mcpu=5206' and "on" for
+ `-mcpu=5206e'.
+
+ gcc defines the macro `__mcfhwdiv__' when this option is enabled.
+
+`-mshort'
+ Consider type `int' to be 16 bits wide, like `short int'.
+ Additionally, parameters passed on the stack are also aligned to a
+ 16-bit boundary even on targets whose API mandates promotion to
+ 32-bit.
+
+`-mno-short'
+ Do not consider type `int' to be 16 bits wide. This is the
+ default.
+
+`-mnobitfield'
+`-mno-bitfield'
+ Do not use the bit-field instructions. The `-m68000', `-mcpu32'
+ and `-m5200' options imply `-mnobitfield'.
+
+`-mbitfield'
+ Do use the bit-field instructions. The `-m68020' option implies
+ `-mbitfield'. This is the default if you use a configuration
+ designed for a 68020.
+
+`-mrtd'
+ Use a different function-calling convention, in which functions
+ that take a fixed number of arguments return with the `rtd'
+ instruction, which pops their arguments while returning. This
+ saves one instruction in the caller since there is no need to pop
+ the arguments there.
+
+ This calling convention is incompatible with the one normally used
+ on Unix, so you cannot use it if you need to call libraries
+ compiled with the Unix compiler.
+
+ Also, you must provide function prototypes for all functions that
+ take variable numbers of arguments (including `printf'); otherwise
+ incorrect code will be generated for calls to those functions.
+
+ In addition, seriously incorrect code will result if you call a
+ function with too many arguments. (Normally, extra arguments are
+ harmlessly ignored.)
+
+ The `rtd' instruction is supported by the 68010, 68020, 68030,
+ 68040, 68060 and CPU32 processors, but not by the 68000 or 5200.
+
+`-mno-rtd'
+ Do not use the calling conventions selected by `-mrtd'. This is
+ the default.
+
+`-malign-int'
+`-mno-align-int'
+ Control whether GCC aligns `int', `long', `long long', `float',
+ `double', and `long double' variables on a 32-bit boundary
+ (`-malign-int') or a 16-bit boundary (`-mno-align-int'). Aligning
+ variables on 32-bit boundaries produces code that runs somewhat
+ faster on processors with 32-bit busses at the expense of more
+ memory.
+
+ *Warning:* if you use the `-malign-int' switch, GCC will align
+ structures containing the above types differently than most
+ published application binary interface specifications for the m68k.
+
+`-mpcrel'
+ Use the pc-relative addressing mode of the 68000 directly, instead
+ of using a global offset table. At present, this option implies
+ `-fpic', allowing at most a 16-bit offset for pc-relative
+ addressing. `-fPIC' is not presently supported with `-mpcrel',
+ though this could be supported for 68020 and higher processors.
+
+`-mno-strict-align'
+`-mstrict-align'
+ Do not (do) assume that unaligned memory references will be
+ handled by the system.
+
+`-msep-data'
+ Generate code that allows the data segment to be located in a
+ different area of memory from the text segment. This allows for
+ execute in place in an environment without virtual memory
+ management. This option implies `-fPIC'.
+
+`-mno-sep-data'
+ Generate code that assumes that the data segment follows the text
+ segment. This is the default.
+
+`-mid-shared-library'
+ Generate code that supports shared libraries via the library ID
+ method. This allows for execute in place and shared libraries in
+ an environment without virtual memory management. This option
+ implies `-fPIC'.
+
+`-mno-id-shared-library'
+ Generate code that doesn't assume ID based shared libraries are
+ being used. This is the default.
+
+`-mshared-library-id=n'
+ Specified the identification number of the ID based shared library
+ being compiled. Specifying a value of 0 will generate more
+ compact code, specifying other values will force the allocation of
+ that number to the current library but is no more space or time
+ efficient than omitting this option.
+
+`-mxgot'
+`-mno-xgot'
+ When generating position-independent code for ColdFire, generate
+ code that works if the GOT has more than 8192 entries. This code
+ is larger and slower than code generated without this option. On
+ M680x0 processors, this option is not needed; `-fPIC' suffices.
+
+ GCC normally uses a single instruction to load values from the GOT.
+ While this is relatively efficient, it only works if the GOT is
+ smaller than about 64k. Anything larger causes the linker to
+ report an error such as:
+
+ relocation truncated to fit: R_68K_GOT16O foobar
+
+ If this happens, you should recompile your code with `-mxgot'. It
+ should then work with very large GOTs. However, code generated
+ with `-mxgot' is less efficient, since it takes 4 instructions to
+ fetch the value of a global symbol.
+
+ Note that some linkers, including newer versions of the GNU linker,
+ can create multiple GOTs and sort GOT entries. If you have such a
+ linker, you should only need to use `-mxgot' when compiling a
+ single object file that accesses more than 8192 GOT entries. Very
+ few do.
+
+ These options have no effect unless GCC is generating
+ position-independent code.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: M68hc1x Options, Next: MCore Options, Prev: M680x0 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.20 M68hc1x Options
+-----------------------
+
+These are the `-m' options defined for the 68hc11 and 68hc12
+microcontrollers. The default values for these options depends on
+which style of microcontroller was selected when the compiler was
+configured; the defaults for the most common choices are given below.
+
+`-m6811'
+`-m68hc11'
+ Generate output for a 68HC11. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68HC11-based systems.
+
+`-m6812'
+`-m68hc12'
+ Generate output for a 68HC12. This is the default when the
+ compiler is configured for 68HC12-based systems.
+
+`-m68S12'
+`-m68hcs12'
+ Generate output for a 68HCS12.
+
+`-mauto-incdec'
+ Enable the use of 68HC12 pre and post auto-increment and
+ auto-decrement addressing modes.
+
+`-minmax'
+`-nominmax'
+ Enable the use of 68HC12 min and max instructions.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+`-mno-long-calls'
+ Treat all calls as being far away (near). If calls are assumed to
+ be far away, the compiler will use the `call' instruction to call
+ a function and the `rtc' instruction for returning.
+
+`-mshort'
+ Consider type `int' to be 16 bits wide, like `short int'.
+
+`-msoft-reg-count=COUNT'
+ Specify the number of pseudo-soft registers which are used for the
+ code generation. The maximum number is 32. Using more pseudo-soft
+ register may or may not result in better code depending on the
+ program. The default is 4 for 68HC11 and 2 for 68HC12.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MCore Options, Next: MIPS Options, Prev: M68hc1x Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.21 MCore Options
+---------------------
+
+These are the `-m' options defined for the Motorola M*Core processors.
+
+`-mhardlit'
+`-mno-hardlit'
+ Inline constants into the code stream if it can be done in two
+ instructions or less.
+
+`-mdiv'
+`-mno-div'
+ Use the divide instruction. (Enabled by default).
+
+`-mrelax-immediate'
+`-mno-relax-immediate'
+ Allow arbitrary sized immediates in bit operations.
+
+`-mwide-bitfields'
+`-mno-wide-bitfields'
+ Always treat bit-fields as int-sized.
+
+`-m4byte-functions'
+`-mno-4byte-functions'
+ Force all functions to be aligned to a four byte boundary.
+
+`-mcallgraph-data'
+`-mno-callgraph-data'
+ Emit callgraph information.
+
+`-mslow-bytes'
+`-mno-slow-bytes'
+ Prefer word access when reading byte quantities.
+
+`-mlittle-endian'
+`-mbig-endian'
+ Generate code for a little endian target.
+
+`-m210'
+`-m340'
+ Generate code for the 210 processor.
+
+`-mno-lsim'
+ Assume that run-time support has been provided and so omit the
+ simulator library (`libsim.a)' from the linker command line.
+
+`-mstack-increment=SIZE'
+ Set the maximum amount for a single stack increment operation.
+ Large values can increase the speed of programs which contain
+ functions that need a large amount of stack space, but they can
+ also trigger a segmentation fault if the stack is extended too
+ much. The default value is 0x1000.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MIPS Options, Next: MMIX Options, Prev: MCore Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.22 MIPS Options
+--------------------
+
+`-EB'
+ Generate big-endian code.
+
+`-EL'
+ Generate little-endian code. This is the default for `mips*el-*-*'
+ configurations.
+
+`-march=ARCH'
+ Generate code that will run on ARCH, which can be the name of a
+ generic MIPS ISA, or the name of a particular processor. The ISA
+ names are: `mips1', `mips2', `mips3', `mips4', `mips32',
+ `mips32r2', `mips64' and `mips64r2'. The processor names are:
+ `4kc', `4km', `4kp', `4ksc', `4kec', `4kem', `4kep', `4ksd',
+ `5kc', `5kf', `20kc', `24kc', `24kf2_1', `24kf1_1', `24kec',
+ `24kef2_1', `24kef1_1', `34kc', `34kf2_1', `34kf1_1', `74kc',
+ `74kf2_1', `74kf1_1', `74kf3_2', `loongson2e', `loongson2f', `m4k',
+ `octeon', `orion', `r2000', `r3000', `r3900', `r4000', `r4400',
+ `r4600', `r4650', `r6000', `r8000', `rm7000', `rm9000', `r10000',
+ `r12000', `r14000', `r16000', `sb1', `sr71000', `vr4100',
+ `vr4111', `vr4120', `vr4130', `vr4300', `vr5000', `vr5400',
+ `vr5500' and `xlr'. The special value `from-abi' selects the most
+ compatible architecture for the selected ABI (that is, `mips1' for
+ 32-bit ABIs and `mips3' for 64-bit ABIs).
+
+ Native Linux/GNU toolchains also support the value `native', which
+ selects the best architecture option for the host processor.
+ `-march=native' has no effect if GCC does not recognize the
+ processor.
+
+ In processor names, a final `000' can be abbreviated as `k' (for
+ example, `-march=r2k'). Prefixes are optional, and `vr' may be
+ written `r'.
+
+ Names of the form `Nf2_1' refer to processors with FPUs clocked at
+ half the rate of the core, names of the form `Nf1_1' refer to
+ processors with FPUs clocked at the same rate as the core, and
+ names of the form `Nf3_2' refer to processors with FPUs clocked a
+ ratio of 3:2 with respect to the core. For compatibility reasons,
+ `Nf' is accepted as a synonym for `Nf2_1' while `Nx' and `Bfx' are
+ accepted as synonyms for `Nf1_1'.
+
+ GCC defines two macros based on the value of this option. The
+ first is `_MIPS_ARCH', which gives the name of target
+ architecture, as a string. The second has the form
+ `_MIPS_ARCH_FOO', where FOO is the capitalized value of
+ `_MIPS_ARCH'. For example, `-march=r2000' will set `_MIPS_ARCH'
+ to `"r2000"' and define the macro `_MIPS_ARCH_R2000'.
+
+ Note that the `_MIPS_ARCH' macro uses the processor names given
+ above. In other words, it will have the full prefix and will not
+ abbreviate `000' as `k'. In the case of `from-abi', the macro
+ names the resolved architecture (either `"mips1"' or `"mips3"').
+ It names the default architecture when no `-march' option is given.
+
+`-mtune=ARCH'
+ Optimize for ARCH. Among other things, this option controls the
+ way instructions are scheduled, and the perceived cost of
+ arithmetic operations. The list of ARCH values is the same as for
+ `-march'.
+
+ When this option is not used, GCC will optimize for the processor
+ specified by `-march'. By using `-march' and `-mtune' together,
+ it is possible to generate code that will run on a family of
+ processors, but optimize the code for one particular member of
+ that family.
+
+ `-mtune' defines the macros `_MIPS_TUNE' and `_MIPS_TUNE_FOO',
+ which work in the same way as the `-march' ones described above.
+
+`-mips1'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips1'.
+
+`-mips2'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips2'.
+
+`-mips3'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips3'.
+
+`-mips4'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips4'.
+
+`-mips32'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips32'.
+
+`-mips32r2'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips32r2'.
+
+`-mips64'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips64'.
+
+`-mips64r2'
+ Equivalent to `-march=mips64r2'.
+
+`-mips16'
+`-mno-mips16'
+ Generate (do not generate) MIPS16 code. If GCC is targetting a
+ MIPS32 or MIPS64 architecture, it will make use of the MIPS16e ASE.
+
+ MIPS16 code generation can also be controlled on a per-function
+ basis by means of `mips16' and `nomips16' attributes. *Note
+ Function Attributes::, for more information.
+
+`-mflip-mips16'
+ Generate MIPS16 code on alternating functions. This option is
+ provided for regression testing of mixed MIPS16/non-MIPS16 code
+ generation, and is not intended for ordinary use in compiling user
+ code.
+
+`-minterlink-mips16'
+`-mno-interlink-mips16'
+ Require (do not require) that non-MIPS16 code be link-compatible
+ with MIPS16 code.
+
+ For example, non-MIPS16 code cannot jump directly to MIPS16 code;
+ it must either use a call or an indirect jump.
+ `-minterlink-mips16' therefore disables direct jumps unless GCC
+ knows that the target of the jump is not MIPS16.
+
+`-mabi=32'
+`-mabi=o64'
+`-mabi=n32'
+`-mabi=64'
+`-mabi=eabi'
+ Generate code for the given ABI.
+
+ Note that the EABI has a 32-bit and a 64-bit variant. GCC normally
+ generates 64-bit code when you select a 64-bit architecture, but
+ you can use `-mgp32' to get 32-bit code instead.
+
+ For information about the O64 ABI, see
+ `http://gcc.gnu.org/projects/mipso64-abi.html'.
+
+ GCC supports a variant of the o32 ABI in which floating-point
+ registers are 64 rather than 32 bits wide. You can select this
+ combination with `-mabi=32' `-mfp64'. This ABI relies on the
+ `mthc1' and `mfhc1' instructions and is therefore only supported
+ for MIPS32R2 processors.
+
+ The register assignments for arguments and return values remain the
+ same, but each scalar value is passed in a single 64-bit register
+ rather than a pair of 32-bit registers. For example, scalar
+ floating-point values are returned in `$f0' only, not a
+ `$f0'/`$f1' pair. The set of call-saved registers also remains
+ the same, but all 64 bits are saved.
+
+`-mabicalls'
+`-mno-abicalls'
+ Generate (do not generate) code that is suitable for SVR4-style
+ dynamic objects. `-mabicalls' is the default for SVR4-based
+ systems.
+
+`-mshared'
+`-mno-shared'
+ Generate (do not generate) code that is fully position-independent,
+ and that can therefore be linked into shared libraries. This
+ option only affects `-mabicalls'.
+
+ All `-mabicalls' code has traditionally been position-independent,
+ regardless of options like `-fPIC' and `-fpic'. However, as an
+ extension, the GNU toolchain allows executables to use absolute
+ accesses for locally-binding symbols. It can also use shorter GP
+ initialization sequences and generate direct calls to
+ locally-defined functions. This mode is selected by `-mno-shared'.
+
+ `-mno-shared' depends on binutils 2.16 or higher and generates
+ objects that can only be linked by the GNU linker. However, the
+ option does not affect the ABI of the final executable; it only
+ affects the ABI of relocatable objects. Using `-mno-shared' will
+ generally make executables both smaller and quicker.
+
+ `-mshared' is the default.
+
+`-mplt'
+`-mno-plt'
+ Assume (do not assume) that the static and dynamic linkers support
+ PLTs and copy relocations. This option only affects `-mno-shared
+ -mabicalls'. For the n64 ABI, this option has no effect without
+ `-msym32'.
+
+ You can make `-mplt' the default by configuring GCC with
+ `--with-mips-plt'. The default is `-mno-plt' otherwise.
+
+`-mxgot'
+`-mno-xgot'
+ Lift (do not lift) the usual restrictions on the size of the global
+ offset table.
+
+ GCC normally uses a single instruction to load values from the GOT.
+ While this is relatively efficient, it will only work if the GOT
+ is smaller than about 64k. Anything larger will cause the linker
+ to report an error such as:
+
+ relocation truncated to fit: R_MIPS_GOT16 foobar
+
+ If this happens, you should recompile your code with `-mxgot'. It
+ should then work with very large GOTs, although it will also be
+ less efficient, since it will take three instructions to fetch the
+ value of a global symbol.
+
+ Note that some linkers can create multiple GOTs. If you have such
+ a linker, you should only need to use `-mxgot' when a single object
+ file accesses more than 64k's worth of GOT entries. Very few do.
+
+ These options have no effect unless GCC is generating position
+ independent code.
+
+`-mgp32'
+ Assume that general-purpose registers are 32 bits wide.
+
+`-mgp64'
+ Assume that general-purpose registers are 64 bits wide.
+
+`-mfp32'
+ Assume that floating-point registers are 32 bits wide.
+
+`-mfp64'
+ Assume that floating-point registers are 64 bits wide.
+
+`-mhard-float'
+ Use floating-point coprocessor instructions.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Do not use floating-point coprocessor instructions. Implement
+ floating-point calculations using library calls instead.
+
+`-msingle-float'
+ Assume that the floating-point coprocessor only supports
+ single-precision operations.
+
+`-mdouble-float'
+ Assume that the floating-point coprocessor supports
+ double-precision operations. This is the default.
+
+`-mllsc'
+`-mno-llsc'
+ Use (do not use) `ll', `sc', and `sync' instructions to implement
+ atomic memory built-in functions. When neither option is
+ specified, GCC will use the instructions if the target architecture
+ supports them.
+
+ `-mllsc' is useful if the runtime environment can emulate the
+ instructions and `-mno-llsc' can be useful when compiling for
+ nonstandard ISAs. You can make either option the default by
+ configuring GCC with `--with-llsc' and `--without-llsc'
+ respectively. `--with-llsc' is the default for some
+ configurations; see the installation documentation for details.
+
+`-mdsp'
+`-mno-dsp'
+ Use (do not use) revision 1 of the MIPS DSP ASE. *Note MIPS DSP
+ Built-in Functions::. This option defines the preprocessor macro
+ `__mips_dsp'. It also defines `__mips_dsp_rev' to 1.
+
+`-mdspr2'
+`-mno-dspr2'
+ Use (do not use) revision 2 of the MIPS DSP ASE. *Note MIPS DSP
+ Built-in Functions::. This option defines the preprocessor macros
+ `__mips_dsp' and `__mips_dspr2'. It also defines `__mips_dsp_rev'
+ to 2.
+
+`-msmartmips'
+`-mno-smartmips'
+ Use (do not use) the MIPS SmartMIPS ASE.
+
+`-mpaired-single'
+`-mno-paired-single'
+ Use (do not use) paired-single floating-point instructions. *Note
+ MIPS Paired-Single Support::. This option requires hardware
+ floating-point support to be enabled.
+
+`-mdmx'
+`-mno-mdmx'
+ Use (do not use) MIPS Digital Media Extension instructions. This
+ option can only be used when generating 64-bit code and requires
+ hardware floating-point support to be enabled.
+
+`-mips3d'
+`-mno-mips3d'
+ Use (do not use) the MIPS-3D ASE. *Note MIPS-3D Built-in
+ Functions::. The option `-mips3d' implies `-mpaired-single'.
+
+`-mmt'
+`-mno-mt'
+ Use (do not use) MT Multithreading instructions.
+
+`-mlong64'
+ Force `long' types to be 64 bits wide. See `-mlong32' for an
+ explanation of the default and the way that the pointer size is
+ determined.
+
+`-mlong32'
+ Force `long', `int', and pointer types to be 32 bits wide.
+
+ The default size of `int's, `long's and pointers depends on the
+ ABI. All the supported ABIs use 32-bit `int's. The n64 ABI uses
+ 64-bit `long's, as does the 64-bit EABI; the others use 32-bit
+ `long's. Pointers are the same size as `long's, or the same size
+ as integer registers, whichever is smaller.
+
+`-msym32'
+`-mno-sym32'
+ Assume (do not assume) that all symbols have 32-bit values,
+ regardless of the selected ABI. This option is useful in
+ combination with `-mabi=64' and `-mno-abicalls' because it allows
+ GCC to generate shorter and faster references to symbolic
+ addresses.
+
+`-G NUM'
+ Put definitions of externally-visible data in a small data section
+ if that data is no bigger than NUM bytes. GCC can then access the
+ data more efficiently; see `-mgpopt' for details.
+
+ The default `-G' option depends on the configuration.
+
+`-mlocal-sdata'
+`-mno-local-sdata'
+ Extend (do not extend) the `-G' behavior to local data too, such
+ as to static variables in C. `-mlocal-sdata' is the default for
+ all configurations.
+
+ If the linker complains that an application is using too much
+ small data, you might want to try rebuilding the less
+ performance-critical parts with `-mno-local-sdata'. You might
+ also want to build large libraries with `-mno-local-sdata', so
+ that the libraries leave more room for the main program.
+
+`-mextern-sdata'
+`-mno-extern-sdata'
+ Assume (do not assume) that externally-defined data will be in a
+ small data section if that data is within the `-G' limit.
+ `-mextern-sdata' is the default for all configurations.
+
+ If you compile a module MOD with `-mextern-sdata' `-G NUM'
+ `-mgpopt', and MOD references a variable VAR that is no bigger
+ than NUM bytes, you must make sure that VAR is placed in a small
+ data section. If VAR is defined by another module, you must
+ either compile that module with a high-enough `-G' setting or
+ attach a `section' attribute to VAR's definition. If VAR is
+ common, you must link the application with a high-enough `-G'
+ setting.
+
+ The easiest way of satisfying these restrictions is to compile and
+ link every module with the same `-G' option. However, you may
+ wish to build a library that supports several different small data
+ limits. You can do this by compiling the library with the highest
+ supported `-G' setting and additionally using `-mno-extern-sdata'
+ to stop the library from making assumptions about
+ externally-defined data.
+
+`-mgpopt'
+`-mno-gpopt'
+ Use (do not use) GP-relative accesses for symbols that are known
+ to be in a small data section; see `-G', `-mlocal-sdata' and
+ `-mextern-sdata'. `-mgpopt' is the default for all configurations.
+
+ `-mno-gpopt' is useful for cases where the `$gp' register might
+ not hold the value of `_gp'. For example, if the code is part of
+ a library that might be used in a boot monitor, programs that call
+ boot monitor routines will pass an unknown value in `$gp'. (In
+ such situations, the boot monitor itself would usually be compiled
+ with `-G0'.)
+
+ `-mno-gpopt' implies `-mno-local-sdata' and `-mno-extern-sdata'.
+
+`-membedded-data'
+`-mno-embedded-data'
+ Allocate variables to the read-only data section first if
+ possible, then next in the small data section if possible,
+ otherwise in data. This gives slightly slower code than the
+ default, but reduces the amount of RAM required when executing,
+ and thus may be preferred for some embedded systems.
+
+`-muninit-const-in-rodata'
+`-mno-uninit-const-in-rodata'
+ Put uninitialized `const' variables in the read-only data section.
+ This option is only meaningful in conjunction with
+ `-membedded-data'.
+
+`-mcode-readable=SETTING'
+ Specify whether GCC may generate code that reads from executable
+ sections. There are three possible settings:
+
+ `-mcode-readable=yes'
+ Instructions may freely access executable sections. This is
+ the default setting.
+
+ `-mcode-readable=pcrel'
+ MIPS16 PC-relative load instructions can access executable
+ sections, but other instructions must not do so. This option
+ is useful on 4KSc and 4KSd processors when the code TLBs have
+ the Read Inhibit bit set. It is also useful on processors
+ that can be configured to have a dual instruction/data SRAM
+ interface and that, like the M4K, automatically redirect
+ PC-relative loads to the instruction RAM.
+
+ `-mcode-readable=no'
+ Instructions must not access executable sections. This
+ option can be useful on targets that are configured to have a
+ dual instruction/data SRAM interface but that (unlike the
+ M4K) do not automatically redirect PC-relative loads to the
+ instruction RAM.
+
+`-msplit-addresses'
+`-mno-split-addresses'
+ Enable (disable) use of the `%hi()' and `%lo()' assembler
+ relocation operators. This option has been superseded by
+ `-mexplicit-relocs' but is retained for backwards compatibility.
+
+`-mexplicit-relocs'
+`-mno-explicit-relocs'
+ Use (do not use) assembler relocation operators when dealing with
+ symbolic addresses. The alternative, selected by
+ `-mno-explicit-relocs', is to use assembler macros instead.
+
+ `-mexplicit-relocs' is the default if GCC was configured to use an
+ assembler that supports relocation operators.
+
+`-mcheck-zero-division'
+`-mno-check-zero-division'
+ Trap (do not trap) on integer division by zero.
+
+ The default is `-mcheck-zero-division'.
+
+`-mdivide-traps'
+`-mdivide-breaks'
+ MIPS systems check for division by zero by generating either a
+ conditional trap or a break instruction. Using traps results in
+ smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and later. Also,
+ some versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that prevents trap
+ from generating the proper signal (`SIGFPE'). Use
+ `-mdivide-traps' to allow conditional traps on architectures that
+ support them and `-mdivide-breaks' to force the use of breaks.
+
+ The default is usually `-mdivide-traps', but this can be
+ overridden at configure time using `--with-divide=breaks'.
+ Divide-by-zero checks can be completely disabled using
+ `-mno-check-zero-division'.
+
+`-mmemcpy'
+`-mno-memcpy'
+ Force (do not force) the use of `memcpy()' for non-trivial block
+ moves. The default is `-mno-memcpy', which allows GCC to inline
+ most constant-sized copies.
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+`-mno-long-calls'
+ Disable (do not disable) use of the `jal' instruction. Calling
+ functions using `jal' is more efficient but requires the caller
+ and callee to be in the same 256 megabyte segment.
+
+ This option has no effect on abicalls code. The default is
+ `-mno-long-calls'.
+
+`-mmad'
+`-mno-mad'
+ Enable (disable) use of the `mad', `madu' and `mul' instructions,
+ as provided by the R4650 ISA.
+
+`-mfused-madd'
+`-mno-fused-madd'
+ Enable (disable) use of the floating point multiply-accumulate
+ instructions, when they are available. The default is
+ `-mfused-madd'.
+
+ When multiply-accumulate instructions are used, the intermediate
+ product is calculated to infinite precision and is not subject to
+ the FCSR Flush to Zero bit. This may be undesirable in some
+ circumstances.
+
+`-nocpp'
+ Tell the MIPS assembler to not run its preprocessor over user
+ assembler files (with a `.s' suffix) when assembling them.
+
+`-mfix-r4000'
+`-mno-fix-r4000'
+ Work around certain R4000 CPU errata:
+ - A double-word or a variable shift may give an incorrect
+ result if executed immediately after starting an integer
+ division.
+
+ - A double-word or a variable shift may give an incorrect
+ result if executed while an integer multiplication is in
+ progress.
+
+ - An integer division may give an incorrect result if started
+ in a delay slot of a taken branch or a jump.
+
+`-mfix-r4400'
+`-mno-fix-r4400'
+ Work around certain R4400 CPU errata:
+ - A double-word or a variable shift may give an incorrect
+ result if executed immediately after starting an integer
+ division.
+
+`-mfix-r10000'
+`-mno-fix-r10000'
+ Work around certain R10000 errata:
+ - `ll'/`sc' sequences may not behave atomically on revisions
+ prior to 3.0. They may deadlock on revisions 2.6 and earlier.
+
+ This option can only be used if the target architecture supports
+ branch-likely instructions. `-mfix-r10000' is the default when
+ `-march=r10000' is used; `-mno-fix-r10000' is the default
+ otherwise.
+
+`-mfix-vr4120'
+`-mno-fix-vr4120'
+ Work around certain VR4120 errata:
+ - `dmultu' does not always produce the correct result.
+
+ - `div' and `ddiv' do not always produce the correct result if
+ one of the operands is negative.
+ The workarounds for the division errata rely on special functions
+ in `libgcc.a'. At present, these functions are only provided by
+ the `mips64vr*-elf' configurations.
+
+ Other VR4120 errata require a nop to be inserted between certain
+ pairs of instructions. These errata are handled by the assembler,
+ not by GCC itself.
+
+`-mfix-vr4130'
+ Work around the VR4130 `mflo'/`mfhi' errata. The workarounds are
+ implemented by the assembler rather than by GCC, although GCC will
+ avoid using `mflo' and `mfhi' if the VR4130 `macc', `macchi',
+ `dmacc' and `dmacchi' instructions are available instead.
+
+`-mfix-sb1'
+`-mno-fix-sb1'
+ Work around certain SB-1 CPU core errata. (This flag currently
+ works around the SB-1 revision 2 "F1" and "F2" floating point
+ errata.)
+
+`-mr10k-cache-barrier=SETTING'
+ Specify whether GCC should insert cache barriers to avoid the
+ side-effects of speculation on R10K processors.
+
+ In common with many processors, the R10K tries to predict the
+ outcome of a conditional branch and speculatively executes
+ instructions from the "taken" branch. It later aborts these
+ instructions if the predicted outcome was wrong. However, on the
+ R10K, even aborted instructions can have side effects.
+
+ This problem only affects kernel stores and, depending on the
+ system, kernel loads. As an example, a speculatively-executed
+ store may load the target memory into cache and mark the cache
+ line as dirty, even if the store itself is later aborted. If a
+ DMA operation writes to the same area of memory before the "dirty"
+ line is flushed, the cached data will overwrite the DMA-ed data.
+ See the R10K processor manual for a full description, including
+ other potential problems.
+
+ One workaround is to insert cache barrier instructions before
+ every memory access that might be speculatively executed and that
+ might have side effects even if aborted.
+ `-mr10k-cache-barrier=SETTING' controls GCC's implementation of
+ this workaround. It assumes that aborted accesses to any byte in
+ the following regions will not have side effects:
+
+ 1. the memory occupied by the current function's stack frame;
+
+ 2. the memory occupied by an incoming stack argument;
+
+ 3. the memory occupied by an object with a link-time-constant
+ address.
+
+ It is the kernel's responsibility to ensure that speculative
+ accesses to these regions are indeed safe.
+
+ If the input program contains a function declaration such as:
+
+ void foo (void);
+
+ then the implementation of `foo' must allow `j foo' and `jal foo'
+ to be executed speculatively. GCC honors this restriction for
+ functions it compiles itself. It expects non-GCC functions (such
+ as hand-written assembly code) to do the same.
+
+ The option has three forms:
+
+ `-mr10k-cache-barrier=load-store'
+ Insert a cache barrier before a load or store that might be
+ speculatively executed and that might have side effects even
+ if aborted.
+
+ `-mr10k-cache-barrier=store'
+ Insert a cache barrier before a store that might be
+ speculatively executed and that might have side effects even
+ if aborted.
+
+ `-mr10k-cache-barrier=none'
+ Disable the insertion of cache barriers. This is the default
+ setting.
+
+`-mflush-func=FUNC'
+`-mno-flush-func'
+ Specifies the function to call to flush the I and D caches, or to
+ not call any such function. If called, the function must take the
+ same arguments as the common `_flush_func()', that is, the address
+ of the memory range for which the cache is being flushed, the size
+ of the memory range, and the number 3 (to flush both caches). The
+ default depends on the target GCC was configured for, but commonly
+ is either `_flush_func' or `__cpu_flush'.
+
+`mbranch-cost=NUM'
+ Set the cost of branches to roughly NUM "simple" instructions.
+ This cost is only a heuristic and is not guaranteed to produce
+ consistent results across releases. A zero cost redundantly
+ selects the default, which is based on the `-mtune' setting.
+
+`-mbranch-likely'
+`-mno-branch-likely'
+ Enable or disable use of Branch Likely instructions, regardless of
+ the default for the selected architecture. By default, Branch
+ Likely instructions may be generated if they are supported by the
+ selected architecture. An exception is for the MIPS32 and MIPS64
+ architectures and processors which implement those architectures;
+ for those, Branch Likely instructions will not be generated by
+ default because the MIPS32 and MIPS64 architectures specifically
+ deprecate their use.
+
+`-mfp-exceptions'
+`-mno-fp-exceptions'
+ Specifies whether FP exceptions are enabled. This affects how we
+ schedule FP instructions for some processors. The default is that
+ FP exceptions are enabled.
+
+ For instance, on the SB-1, if FP exceptions are disabled, and we
+ are emitting 64-bit code, then we can use both FP pipes.
+ Otherwise, we can only use one FP pipe.
+
+`-mvr4130-align'
+`-mno-vr4130-align'
+ The VR4130 pipeline is two-way superscalar, but can only issue two
+ instructions together if the first one is 8-byte aligned. When
+ this option is enabled, GCC will align pairs of instructions that
+ it thinks should execute in parallel.
+
+ This option only has an effect when optimizing for the VR4130. It
+ normally makes code faster, but at the expense of making it bigger.
+ It is enabled by default at optimization level `-O3'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MMIX Options, Next: MN10300 Options, Prev: MIPS Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.23 MMIX Options
+--------------------
+
+These options are defined for the MMIX:
+
+`-mlibfuncs'
+`-mno-libfuncs'
+ Specify that intrinsic library functions are being compiled,
+ passing all values in registers, no matter the size.
+
+`-mepsilon'
+`-mno-epsilon'
+ Generate floating-point comparison instructions that compare with
+ respect to the `rE' epsilon register.
+
+`-mabi=mmixware'
+`-mabi=gnu'
+ Generate code that passes function parameters and return values
+ that (in the called function) are seen as registers `$0' and up,
+ as opposed to the GNU ABI which uses global registers `$231' and
+ up.
+
+`-mzero-extend'
+`-mno-zero-extend'
+ When reading data from memory in sizes shorter than 64 bits, use
+ (do not use) zero-extending load instructions by default, rather
+ than sign-extending ones.
+
+`-mknuthdiv'
+`-mno-knuthdiv'
+ Make the result of a division yielding a remainder have the same
+ sign as the divisor. With the default, `-mno-knuthdiv', the sign
+ of the remainder follows the sign of the dividend. Both methods
+ are arithmetically valid, the latter being almost exclusively used.
+
+`-mtoplevel-symbols'
+`-mno-toplevel-symbols'
+ Prepend (do not prepend) a `:' to all global symbols, so the
+ assembly code can be used with the `PREFIX' assembly directive.
+
+`-melf'
+ Generate an executable in the ELF format, rather than the default
+ `mmo' format used by the `mmix' simulator.
+
+`-mbranch-predict'
+`-mno-branch-predict'
+ Use (do not use) the probable-branch instructions, when static
+ branch prediction indicates a probable branch.
+
+`-mbase-addresses'
+`-mno-base-addresses'
+ Generate (do not generate) code that uses _base addresses_. Using
+ a base address automatically generates a request (handled by the
+ assembler and the linker) for a constant to be set up in a global
+ register. The register is used for one or more base address
+ requests within the range 0 to 255 from the value held in the
+ register. The generally leads to short and fast code, but the
+ number of different data items that can be addressed is limited.
+ This means that a program that uses lots of static data may
+ require `-mno-base-addresses'.
+
+`-msingle-exit'
+`-mno-single-exit'
+ Force (do not force) generated code to have a single exit point in
+ each function.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MN10300 Options, Next: PDP-11 Options, Prev: MMIX Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.24 MN10300 Options
+-----------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for Matsushita MN10300 architectures:
+
+`-mmult-bug'
+ Generate code to avoid bugs in the multiply instructions for the
+ MN10300 processors. This is the default.
+
+`-mno-mult-bug'
+ Do not generate code to avoid bugs in the multiply instructions
+ for the MN10300 processors.
+
+`-mam33'
+ Generate code which uses features specific to the AM33 processor.
+
+`-mno-am33'
+ Do not generate code which uses features specific to the AM33
+ processor. This is the default.
+
+`-mreturn-pointer-on-d0'
+ When generating a function which returns a pointer, return the
+ pointer in both `a0' and `d0'. Otherwise, the pointer is returned
+ only in a0, and attempts to call such functions without a prototype
+ would result in errors. Note that this option is on by default;
+ use `-mno-return-pointer-on-d0' to disable it.
+
+`-mno-crt0'
+ Do not link in the C run-time initialization object file.
+
+`-mrelax'
+ Indicate to the linker that it should perform a relaxation
+ optimization pass to shorten branches, calls and absolute memory
+ addresses. This option only has an effect when used on the
+ command line for the final link step.
+
+ This option makes symbolic debugging impossible.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: PDP-11 Options, Next: picoChip Options, Prev: MN10300 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.25 PDP-11 Options
+----------------------
+
+These options are defined for the PDP-11:
+
+`-mfpu'
+ Use hardware FPP floating point. This is the default. (FIS
+ floating point on the PDP-11/40 is not supported.)
+
+`-msoft-float'
+ Do not use hardware floating point.
+
+`-mac0'
+ Return floating-point results in ac0 (fr0 in Unix assembler
+ syntax).
+
+`-mno-ac0'
+ Return floating-point results in memory. This is the default.
+
+`-m40'
+ Generate code for a PDP-11/40.
+
+`-m45'
+ Generate code for a PDP-11/45. This is the default.
+
+`-m10'
+ Generate code for a PDP-11/10.
+
+`-mbcopy-builtin'
+ Use inline `movmemhi' patterns for copying memory. This is the
+ default.
+
+`-mbcopy'
+ Do not use inline `movmemhi' patterns for copying memory.
+
+`-mint16'
+`-mno-int32'
+ Use 16-bit `int'. This is the default.
+
+`-mint32'
+`-mno-int16'
+ Use 32-bit `int'.
+
+`-mfloat64'
+`-mno-float32'
+ Use 64-bit `float'. This is the default.
+
+`-mfloat32'
+`-mno-float64'
+ Use 32-bit `float'.
+
+`-mabshi'
+ Use `abshi2' pattern. This is the default.
+
+`-mno-abshi'
+ Do not use `abshi2' pattern.
+
+`-mbranch-expensive'
+ Pretend that branches are expensive. This is for experimenting
+ with code generation only.
+
+`-mbranch-cheap'
+ Do not pretend that branches are expensive. This is the default.
+
+`-msplit'
+ Generate code for a system with split I&D.
+
+`-mno-split'
+ Generate code for a system without split I&D. This is the default.
+
+`-munix-asm'
+ Use Unix assembler syntax. This is the default when configured for
+ `pdp11-*-bsd'.
+
+`-mdec-asm'
+ Use DEC assembler syntax. This is the default when configured for
+ any PDP-11 target other than `pdp11-*-bsd'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: picoChip Options, Next: PowerPC Options, Prev: PDP-11 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.26 picoChip Options
+------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for picoChip implementations:
+
+`-mae=AE_TYPE'
+ Set the instruction set, register set, and instruction scheduling
+ parameters for array element type AE_TYPE. Supported values for
+ AE_TYPE are `ANY', `MUL', and `MAC'.
+
+ `-mae=ANY' selects a completely generic AE type. Code generated
+ with this option will run on any of the other AE types. The code
+ will not be as efficient as it would be if compiled for a specific
+ AE type, and some types of operation (e.g., multiplication) will
+ not work properly on all types of AE.
+
+ `-mae=MUL' selects a MUL AE type. This is the most useful AE type
+ for compiled code, and is the default.
+
+ `-mae=MAC' selects a DSP-style MAC AE. Code compiled with this
+ option may suffer from poor performance of byte (char)
+ manipulation, since the DSP AE does not provide hardware support
+ for byte load/stores.
+
+`-msymbol-as-address'
+ Enable the compiler to directly use a symbol name as an address in
+ a load/store instruction, without first loading it into a
+ register. Typically, the use of this option will generate larger
+ programs, which run faster than when the option isn't used.
+ However, the results vary from program to program, so it is left
+ as a user option, rather than being permanently enabled.
+
+`-mno-inefficient-warnings'
+ Disables warnings about the generation of inefficient code. These
+ warnings can be generated, for example, when compiling code which
+ performs byte-level memory operations on the MAC AE type. The MAC
+ AE has no hardware support for byte-level memory operations, so
+ all byte load/stores must be synthesized from word load/store
+ operations. This is inefficient and a warning will be generated
+ indicating to the programmer that they should rewrite the code to
+ avoid byte operations, or to target an AE type which has the
+ necessary hardware support. This option enables the warning to be
+ turned off.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: PowerPC Options, Next: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options, Prev: picoChip Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.27 PowerPC Options
+-----------------------
+
+These are listed under *Note RS/6000 and PowerPC Options::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options, Next: S/390 and zSeries Options, Prev: PowerPC Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.28 IBM RS/6000 and PowerPC Options
+---------------------------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the IBM RS/6000 and PowerPC:
+`-mpower'
+`-mno-power'
+`-mpower2'
+`-mno-power2'
+`-mpowerpc'
+`-mno-powerpc'
+`-mpowerpc-gpopt'
+`-mno-powerpc-gpopt'
+`-mpowerpc-gfxopt'
+`-mno-powerpc-gfxopt'
+`-mpowerpc64'
+`-mno-powerpc64'
+`-mmfcrf'
+`-mno-mfcrf'
+`-mpopcntb'
+`-mno-popcntb'
+`-mfprnd'
+`-mno-fprnd'
+`-mcmpb'
+`-mno-cmpb'
+`-mmfpgpr'
+`-mno-mfpgpr'
+`-mhard-dfp'
+`-mno-hard-dfp'
+ GCC supports two related instruction set architectures for the
+ RS/6000 and PowerPC. The "POWER" instruction set are those
+ instructions supported by the `rios' chip set used in the original
+ RS/6000 systems and the "PowerPC" instruction set is the
+ architecture of the Freescale MPC5xx, MPC6xx, MPC8xx
+ microprocessors, and the IBM 4xx, 6xx, and follow-on
+ microprocessors.
+
+ Neither architecture is a subset of the other. However there is a
+ large common subset of instructions supported by both. An MQ
+ register is included in processors supporting the POWER
+ architecture.
+
+ You use these options to specify which instructions are available
+ on the processor you are using. The default value of these
+ options is determined when configuring GCC. Specifying the
+ `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' overrides the specification of these options. We
+ recommend you use the `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' option rather than the
+ options listed above.
+
+ The `-mpower' option allows GCC to generate instructions that are
+ found only in the POWER architecture and to use the MQ register.
+ Specifying `-mpower2' implies `-power' and also allows GCC to
+ generate instructions that are present in the POWER2 architecture
+ but not the original POWER architecture.
+
+ The `-mpowerpc' option allows GCC to generate instructions that
+ are found only in the 32-bit subset of the PowerPC architecture.
+ Specifying `-mpowerpc-gpopt' implies `-mpowerpc' and also allows
+ GCC to use the optional PowerPC architecture instructions in the
+ General Purpose group, including floating-point square root.
+ Specifying `-mpowerpc-gfxopt' implies `-mpowerpc' and also allows
+ GCC to use the optional PowerPC architecture instructions in the
+ Graphics group, including floating-point select.
+
+ The `-mmfcrf' option allows GCC to generate the move from
+ condition register field instruction implemented on the POWER4
+ processor and other processors that support the PowerPC V2.01
+ architecture. The `-mpopcntb' option allows GCC to generate the
+ popcount and double precision FP reciprocal estimate instruction
+ implemented on the POWER5 processor and other processors that
+ support the PowerPC V2.02 architecture. The `-mfprnd' option
+ allows GCC to generate the FP round to integer instructions
+ implemented on the POWER5+ processor and other processors that
+ support the PowerPC V2.03 architecture. The `-mcmpb' option
+ allows GCC to generate the compare bytes instruction implemented
+ on the POWER6 processor and other processors that support the
+ PowerPC V2.05 architecture. The `-mmfpgpr' option allows GCC to
+ generate the FP move to/from general purpose register instructions
+ implemented on the POWER6X processor and other processors that
+ support the extended PowerPC V2.05 architecture. The `-mhard-dfp'
+ option allows GCC to generate the decimal floating point
+ instructions implemented on some POWER processors.
+
+ The `-mpowerpc64' option allows GCC to generate the additional
+ 64-bit instructions that are found in the full PowerPC64
+ architecture and to treat GPRs as 64-bit, doubleword quantities.
+ GCC defaults to `-mno-powerpc64'.
+
+ If you specify both `-mno-power' and `-mno-powerpc', GCC will use
+ only the instructions in the common subset of both architectures
+ plus some special AIX common-mode calls, and will not use the MQ
+ register. Specifying both `-mpower' and `-mpowerpc' permits GCC
+ to use any instruction from either architecture and to allow use
+ of the MQ register; specify this for the Motorola MPC601.
+
+`-mnew-mnemonics'
+`-mold-mnemonics'
+ Select which mnemonics to use in the generated assembler code.
+ With `-mnew-mnemonics', GCC uses the assembler mnemonics defined
+ for the PowerPC architecture. With `-mold-mnemonics' it uses the
+ assembler mnemonics defined for the POWER architecture.
+ Instructions defined in only one architecture have only one
+ mnemonic; GCC uses that mnemonic irrespective of which of these
+ options is specified.
+
+ GCC defaults to the mnemonics appropriate for the architecture in
+ use. Specifying `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' sometimes overrides the value of
+ these option. Unless you are building a cross-compiler, you
+ should normally not specify either `-mnew-mnemonics' or
+ `-mold-mnemonics', but should instead accept the default.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set architecture type, register usage, choice of mnemonics, and
+ instruction scheduling parameters for machine type CPU_TYPE.
+ Supported values for CPU_TYPE are `401', `403', `405', `405fp',
+ `440', `440fp', `464', `464fp', `505', `601', `602', `603',
+ `603e', `604', `604e', `620', `630', `740', `7400', `7450', `750',
+ `801', `821', `823', `860', `970', `8540', `e300c2', `e300c3',
+ `e500mc', `ec603e', `G3', `G4', `G5', `power', `power2', `power3',
+ `power4', `power5', `power5+', `power6', `power6x', `power7'
+ `common', `powerpc', `powerpc64', `rios', `rios1', `rios2', `rsc',
+ and `rs64'.
+
+ `-mcpu=common' selects a completely generic processor. Code
+ generated under this option will run on any POWER or PowerPC
+ processor. GCC will use only the instructions in the common
+ subset of both architectures, and will not use the MQ register.
+ GCC assumes a generic processor model for scheduling purposes.
+
+ `-mcpu=power', `-mcpu=power2', `-mcpu=powerpc', and
+ `-mcpu=powerpc64' specify generic POWER, POWER2, pure 32-bit
+ PowerPC (i.e., not MPC601), and 64-bit PowerPC architecture machine
+ types, with an appropriate, generic processor model assumed for
+ scheduling purposes.
+
+ The other options specify a specific processor. Code generated
+ under those options will run best on that processor, and may not
+ run at all on others.
+
+ The `-mcpu' options automatically enable or disable the following
+ options:
+
+ -maltivec -mfprnd -mhard-float -mmfcrf -mmultiple
+ -mnew-mnemonics -mpopcntb -mpower -mpower2 -mpowerpc64
+ -mpowerpc-gpopt -mpowerpc-gfxopt -msingle-float -mdouble-float
+ -msimple-fpu -mstring -mmulhw -mdlmzb -mmfpgpr
+
+ The particular options set for any particular CPU will vary between
+ compiler versions, depending on what setting seems to produce
+ optimal code for that CPU; it doesn't necessarily reflect the
+ actual hardware's capabilities. If you wish to set an individual
+ option to a particular value, you may specify it after the `-mcpu'
+ option, like `-mcpu=970 -mno-altivec'.
+
+ On AIX, the `-maltivec' and `-mpowerpc64' options are not enabled
+ or disabled by the `-mcpu' option at present because AIX does not
+ have full support for these options. You may still enable or
+ disable them individually if you're sure it'll work in your
+ environment.
+
+`-mtune=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set the instruction scheduling parameters for machine type
+ CPU_TYPE, but do not set the architecture type, register usage, or
+ choice of mnemonics, as `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' would. The same values
+ for CPU_TYPE are used for `-mtune' as for `-mcpu'. If both are
+ specified, the code generated will use the architecture,
+ registers, and mnemonics set by `-mcpu', but the scheduling
+ parameters set by `-mtune'.
+
+`-mswdiv'
+`-mno-swdiv'
+ Generate code to compute division as reciprocal estimate and
+ iterative refinement, creating opportunities for increased
+ throughput. This feature requires: optional PowerPC Graphics
+ instruction set for single precision and FRE instruction for
+ double precision, assuming divides cannot generate user-visible
+ traps, and the domain values not include Infinities, denormals or
+ zero denominator.
+
+`-maltivec'
+`-mno-altivec'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) AltiVec instructions, and
+ also enable the use of built-in functions that allow more direct
+ access to the AltiVec instruction set. You may also need to set
+ `-mabi=altivec' to adjust the current ABI with AltiVec ABI
+ enhancements.
+
+`-mvrsave'
+`-mno-vrsave'
+ Generate VRSAVE instructions when generating AltiVec code.
+
+`-mgen-cell-microcode'
+ Generate Cell microcode instructions
+
+`-mwarn-cell-microcode'
+ Warning when a Cell microcode instruction is going to emitted. An
+ example of a Cell microcode instruction is a variable shift.
+
+`-msecure-plt'
+ Generate code that allows ld and ld.so to build executables and
+ shared libraries with non-exec .plt and .got sections. This is a
+ PowerPC 32-bit SYSV ABI option.
+
+`-mbss-plt'
+ Generate code that uses a BSS .plt section that ld.so fills in, and
+ requires .plt and .got sections that are both writable and
+ executable. This is a PowerPC 32-bit SYSV ABI option.
+
+`-misel'
+`-mno-isel'
+ This switch enables or disables the generation of ISEL
+ instructions.
+
+`-misel=YES/NO'
+ This switch has been deprecated. Use `-misel' and `-mno-isel'
+ instead.
+
+`-mspe'
+`-mno-spe'
+ This switch enables or disables the generation of SPE simd
+ instructions.
+
+`-mpaired'
+`-mno-paired'
+ This switch enables or disables the generation of PAIRED simd
+ instructions.
+
+`-mspe=YES/NO'
+ This option has been deprecated. Use `-mspe' and `-mno-spe'
+ instead.
+
+`-mfloat-gprs=YES/SINGLE/DOUBLE/NO'
+`-mfloat-gprs'
+ This switch enables or disables the generation of floating point
+ operations on the general purpose registers for architectures that
+ support it.
+
+ The argument YES or SINGLE enables the use of single-precision
+ floating point operations.
+
+ The argument DOUBLE enables the use of single and double-precision
+ floating point operations.
+
+ The argument NO disables floating point operations on the general
+ purpose registers.
+
+ This option is currently only available on the MPC854x.
+
+`-m32'
+`-m64'
+ Generate code for 32-bit or 64-bit environments of Darwin and SVR4
+ targets (including GNU/Linux). The 32-bit environment sets int,
+ long and pointer to 32 bits and generates code that runs on any
+ PowerPC variant. The 64-bit environment sets int to 32 bits and
+ long and pointer to 64 bits, and generates code for PowerPC64, as
+ for `-mpowerpc64'.
+
+`-mfull-toc'
+`-mno-fp-in-toc'
+`-mno-sum-in-toc'
+`-mminimal-toc'
+ Modify generation of the TOC (Table Of Contents), which is created
+ for every executable file. The `-mfull-toc' option is selected by
+ default. In that case, GCC will allocate at least one TOC entry
+ for each unique non-automatic variable reference in your program.
+ GCC will also place floating-point constants in the TOC. However,
+ only 16,384 entries are available in the TOC.
+
+ If you receive a linker error message that saying you have
+ overflowed the available TOC space, you can reduce the amount of
+ TOC space used with the `-mno-fp-in-toc' and `-mno-sum-in-toc'
+ options. `-mno-fp-in-toc' prevents GCC from putting floating-point
+ constants in the TOC and `-mno-sum-in-toc' forces GCC to generate
+ code to calculate the sum of an address and a constant at run-time
+ instead of putting that sum into the TOC. You may specify one or
+ both of these options. Each causes GCC to produce very slightly
+ slower and larger code at the expense of conserving TOC space.
+
+ If you still run out of space in the TOC even when you specify
+ both of these options, specify `-mminimal-toc' instead. This
+ option causes GCC to make only one TOC entry for every file. When
+ you specify this option, GCC will produce code that is slower and
+ larger but which uses extremely little TOC space. You may wish to
+ use this option only on files that contain less frequently
+ executed code.
+
+`-maix64'
+`-maix32'
+ Enable 64-bit AIX ABI and calling convention: 64-bit pointers,
+ 64-bit `long' type, and the infrastructure needed to support them.
+ Specifying `-maix64' implies `-mpowerpc64' and `-mpowerpc', while
+ `-maix32' disables the 64-bit ABI and implies `-mno-powerpc64'.
+ GCC defaults to `-maix32'.
+
+`-mxl-compat'
+`-mno-xl-compat'
+ Produce code that conforms more closely to IBM XL compiler
+ semantics when using AIX-compatible ABI. Pass floating-point
+ arguments to prototyped functions beyond the register save area
+ (RSA) on the stack in addition to argument FPRs. Do not assume
+ that most significant double in 128-bit long double value is
+ properly rounded when comparing values and converting to double.
+ Use XL symbol names for long double support routines.
+
+ The AIX calling convention was extended but not initially
+ documented to handle an obscure K&R C case of calling a function
+ that takes the address of its arguments with fewer arguments than
+ declared. IBM XL compilers access floating point arguments which
+ do not fit in the RSA from the stack when a subroutine is compiled
+ without optimization. Because always storing floating-point
+ arguments on the stack is inefficient and rarely needed, this
+ option is not enabled by default and only is necessary when
+ calling subroutines compiled by IBM XL compilers without
+ optimization.
+
+`-mpe'
+ Support "IBM RS/6000 SP" "Parallel Environment" (PE). Link an
+ application written to use message passing with special startup
+ code to enable the application to run. The system must have PE
+ installed in the standard location (`/usr/lpp/ppe.poe/'), or the
+ `specs' file must be overridden with the `-specs=' option to
+ specify the appropriate directory location. The Parallel
+ Environment does not support threads, so the `-mpe' option and the
+ `-pthread' option are incompatible.
+
+`-malign-natural'
+`-malign-power'
+ On AIX, 32-bit Darwin, and 64-bit PowerPC GNU/Linux, the option
+ `-malign-natural' overrides the ABI-defined alignment of larger
+ types, such as floating-point doubles, on their natural size-based
+ boundary. The option `-malign-power' instructs GCC to follow the
+ ABI-specified alignment rules. GCC defaults to the standard
+ alignment defined in the ABI.
+
+ On 64-bit Darwin, natural alignment is the default, and
+ `-malign-power' is not supported.
+
+`-msoft-float'
+`-mhard-float'
+ Generate code that does not use (uses) the floating-point register
+ set. Software floating point emulation is provided if you use the
+ `-msoft-float' option, and pass the option to GCC when linking.
+
+`-msingle-float'
+`-mdouble-float'
+ Generate code for single or double-precision floating point
+ operations. `-mdouble-float' implies `-msingle-float'.
+
+`-msimple-fpu'
+ Do not generate sqrt and div instructions for hardware floating
+ point unit.
+
+`-mfpu'
+ Specify type of floating point unit. Valid values are SP_LITE
+ (equivalent to -msingle-float -msimple-fpu), DP_LITE (equivalent
+ to -mdouble-float -msimple-fpu), SP_FULL (equivalent to
+ -msingle-float), and DP_FULL (equivalent to -mdouble-float).
+
+`-mxilinx-fpu'
+ Perform optimizations for floating point unit on Xilinx PPC
+ 405/440.
+
+`-mmultiple'
+`-mno-multiple'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the load multiple word
+ instructions and the store multiple word instructions. These
+ instructions are generated by default on POWER systems, and not
+ generated on PowerPC systems. Do not use `-mmultiple' on little
+ endian PowerPC systems, since those instructions do not work when
+ the processor is in little endian mode. The exceptions are PPC740
+ and PPC750 which permit the instructions usage in little endian
+ mode.
+
+`-mstring'
+`-mno-string'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the load string instructions
+ and the store string word instructions to save multiple registers
+ and do small block moves. These instructions are generated by
+ default on POWER systems, and not generated on PowerPC systems.
+ Do not use `-mstring' on little endian PowerPC systems, since those
+ instructions do not work when the processor is in little endian
+ mode. The exceptions are PPC740 and PPC750 which permit the
+ instructions usage in little endian mode.
+
+`-mupdate'
+`-mno-update'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the load or store
+ instructions that update the base register to the address of the
+ calculated memory location. These instructions are generated by
+ default. If you use `-mno-update', there is a small window
+ between the time that the stack pointer is updated and the address
+ of the previous frame is stored, which means code that walks the
+ stack frame across interrupts or signals may get corrupted data.
+
+`-mavoid-indexed-addresses'
+
+`-mno-avoid-indexed-addresses'
+ Generate code that tries to avoid (not avoid) the use of indexed
+ load or store instructions. These instructions can incur a
+ performance penalty on Power6 processors in certain situations,
+ such as when stepping through large arrays that cross a 16M
+ boundary. This option is enabled by default when targetting
+ Power6 and disabled otherwise.
+
+`-mfused-madd'
+`-mno-fused-madd'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating point multiply
+ and accumulate instructions. These instructions are generated by
+ default if hardware floating is used.
+
+`-mmulhw'
+`-mno-mulhw'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the half-word multiply and
+ multiply-accumulate instructions on the IBM 405, 440 and 464
+ processors. These instructions are generated by default when
+ targetting those processors.
+
+`-mdlmzb'
+`-mno-dlmzb'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the string-search `dlmzb'
+ instruction on the IBM 405, 440 and 464 processors. This
+ instruction is generated by default when targetting those
+ processors.
+
+`-mno-bit-align'
+`-mbit-align'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do not (do) force
+ structures and unions that contain bit-fields to be aligned to the
+ base type of the bit-field.
+
+ For example, by default a structure containing nothing but 8
+ `unsigned' bit-fields of length 1 would be aligned to a 4 byte
+ boundary and have a size of 4 bytes. By using `-mno-bit-align',
+ the structure would be aligned to a 1 byte boundary and be one
+ byte in size.
+
+`-mno-strict-align'
+`-mstrict-align'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do not (do) assume that
+ unaligned memory references will be handled by the system.
+
+`-mrelocatable'
+`-mno-relocatable'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems generate code that allows (does not
+ allow) the program to be relocated to a different address at
+ runtime. If you use `-mrelocatable' on any module, all objects
+ linked together must be compiled with `-mrelocatable' or
+ `-mrelocatable-lib'.
+
+`-mrelocatable-lib'
+`-mno-relocatable-lib'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems generate code that allows (does not
+ allow) the program to be relocated to a different address at
+ runtime. Modules compiled with `-mrelocatable-lib' can be linked
+ with either modules compiled without `-mrelocatable' and
+ `-mrelocatable-lib' or with modules compiled with the
+ `-mrelocatable' options.
+
+`-mno-toc'
+`-mtoc'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do not (do) assume that
+ register 2 contains a pointer to a global area pointing to the
+ addresses used in the program.
+
+`-mlittle'
+`-mlittle-endian'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ processor in little endian mode. The `-mlittle-endian' option is
+ the same as `-mlittle'.
+
+`-mbig'
+`-mbig-endian'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ processor in big endian mode. The `-mbig-endian' option is the
+ same as `-mbig'.
+
+`-mdynamic-no-pic'
+ On Darwin and Mac OS X systems, compile code so that it is not
+ relocatable, but that its external references are relocatable. The
+ resulting code is suitable for applications, but not shared
+ libraries.
+
+`-mprioritize-restricted-insns=PRIORITY'
+ This option controls the priority that is assigned to
+ dispatch-slot restricted instructions during the second scheduling
+ pass. The argument PRIORITY takes the value 0/1/2 to assign
+ NO/HIGHEST/SECOND-HIGHEST priority to dispatch slot restricted
+ instructions.
+
+`-msched-costly-dep=DEPENDENCE_TYPE'
+ This option controls which dependences are considered costly by
+ the target during instruction scheduling. The argument
+ DEPENDENCE_TYPE takes one of the following values: NO: no
+ dependence is costly, ALL: all dependences are costly,
+ TRUE_STORE_TO_LOAD: a true dependence from store to load is costly,
+ STORE_TO_LOAD: any dependence from store to load is costly,
+ NUMBER: any dependence which latency >= NUMBER is costly.
+
+`-minsert-sched-nops=SCHEME'
+ This option controls which nop insertion scheme will be used during
+ the second scheduling pass. The argument SCHEME takes one of the
+ following values: NO: Don't insert nops. PAD: Pad with nops any
+ dispatch group which has vacant issue slots, according to the
+ scheduler's grouping. REGROUP_EXACT: Insert nops to force costly
+ dependent insns into separate groups. Insert exactly as many nops
+ as needed to force an insn to a new group, according to the
+ estimated processor grouping. NUMBER: Insert nops to force costly
+ dependent insns into separate groups. Insert NUMBER nops to force
+ an insn to a new group.
+
+`-mcall-sysv'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code using
+ calling conventions that adheres to the March 1995 draft of the
+ System V Application Binary Interface, PowerPC processor
+ supplement. This is the default unless you configured GCC using
+ `powerpc-*-eabiaix'.
+
+`-mcall-sysv-eabi'
+ Specify both `-mcall-sysv' and `-meabi' options.
+
+`-mcall-sysv-noeabi'
+ Specify both `-mcall-sysv' and `-mno-eabi' options.
+
+`-mcall-solaris'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ Solaris operating system.
+
+`-mcall-linux'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ Linux-based GNU system.
+
+`-mcall-gnu'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ Hurd-based GNU system.
+
+`-mcall-netbsd'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems compile code for the
+ NetBSD operating system.
+
+`-maix-struct-return'
+ Return all structures in memory (as specified by the AIX ABI).
+
+`-msvr4-struct-return'
+ Return structures smaller than 8 bytes in registers (as specified
+ by the SVR4 ABI).
+
+`-mabi=ABI-TYPE'
+ Extend the current ABI with a particular extension, or remove such
+ extension. Valid values are ALTIVEC, NO-ALTIVEC, SPE, NO-SPE,
+ IBMLONGDOUBLE, IEEELONGDOUBLE.
+
+`-mabi=spe'
+ Extend the current ABI with SPE ABI extensions. This does not
+ change the default ABI, instead it adds the SPE ABI extensions to
+ the current ABI.
+
+`-mabi=no-spe'
+ Disable Booke SPE ABI extensions for the current ABI.
+
+`-mabi=ibmlongdouble'
+ Change the current ABI to use IBM extended precision long double.
+ This is a PowerPC 32-bit SYSV ABI option.
+
+`-mabi=ieeelongdouble'
+ Change the current ABI to use IEEE extended precision long double.
+ This is a PowerPC 32-bit Linux ABI option.
+
+`-mprototype'
+`-mno-prototype'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems assume that all calls to
+ variable argument functions are properly prototyped. Otherwise,
+ the compiler must insert an instruction before every non
+ prototyped call to set or clear bit 6 of the condition code
+ register (CR) to indicate whether floating point values were
+ passed in the floating point registers in case the function takes
+ a variable arguments. With `-mprototype', only calls to
+ prototyped variable argument functions will set or clear the bit.
+
+`-msim'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is
+ called `sim-crt0.o' and that the standard C libraries are
+ `libsim.a' and `libc.a'. This is the default for
+ `powerpc-*-eabisim' configurations.
+
+`-mmvme'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is
+ called `crt0.o' and the standard C libraries are `libmvme.a' and
+ `libc.a'.
+
+`-mads'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is
+ called `crt0.o' and the standard C libraries are `libads.a' and
+ `libc.a'.
+
+`-myellowknife'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, assume that the startup module is
+ called `crt0.o' and the standard C libraries are `libyk.a' and
+ `libc.a'.
+
+`-mvxworks'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, specify that you are
+ compiling for a VxWorks system.
+
+`-memb'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, set the PPC_EMB bit in the ELF flags
+ header to indicate that `eabi' extended relocations are used.
+
+`-meabi'
+`-mno-eabi'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do (do not) adhere to
+ the Embedded Applications Binary Interface (eabi) which is a set of
+ modifications to the System V.4 specifications. Selecting `-meabi'
+ means that the stack is aligned to an 8 byte boundary, a function
+ `__eabi' is called to from `main' to set up the eabi environment,
+ and the `-msdata' option can use both `r2' and `r13' to point to
+ two separate small data areas. Selecting `-mno-eabi' means that
+ the stack is aligned to a 16 byte boundary, do not call an
+ initialization function from `main', and the `-msdata' option will
+ only use `r13' to point to a single small data area. The `-meabi'
+ option is on by default if you configured GCC using one of the
+ `powerpc*-*-eabi*' options.
+
+`-msdata=eabi'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small initialized
+ `const' global and static data in the `.sdata2' section, which is
+ pointed to by register `r2'. Put small initialized non-`const'
+ global and static data in the `.sdata' section, which is pointed
+ to by register `r13'. Put small uninitialized global and static
+ data in the `.sbss' section, which is adjacent to the `.sdata'
+ section. The `-msdata=eabi' option is incompatible with the
+ `-mrelocatable' option. The `-msdata=eabi' option also sets the
+ `-memb' option.
+
+`-msdata=sysv'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small global and
+ static data in the `.sdata' section, which is pointed to by
+ register `r13'. Put small uninitialized global and static data in
+ the `.sbss' section, which is adjacent to the `.sdata' section.
+ The `-msdata=sysv' option is incompatible with the `-mrelocatable'
+ option.
+
+`-msdata=default'
+`-msdata'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, if `-meabi' is used,
+ compile code the same as `-msdata=eabi', otherwise compile code the
+ same as `-msdata=sysv'.
+
+`-msdata=data'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems, put small global data
+ in the `.sdata' section. Put small uninitialized global data in
+ the `.sbss' section. Do not use register `r13' to address small
+ data however. This is the default behavior unless other `-msdata'
+ options are used.
+
+`-msdata=none'
+`-mno-sdata'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, put all initialized global and static
+ data in the `.data' section, and all uninitialized data in the
+ `.bss' section.
+
+`-G NUM'
+ On embedded PowerPC systems, put global and static items less than
+ or equal to NUM bytes into the small data or bss sections instead
+ of the normal data or bss section. By default, NUM is 8. The `-G
+ NUM' switch is also passed to the linker. All modules should be
+ compiled with the same `-G NUM' value.
+
+`-mregnames'
+`-mno-regnames'
+ On System V.4 and embedded PowerPC systems do (do not) emit
+ register names in the assembly language output using symbolic
+ forms.
+
+`-mlongcall'
+`-mno-longcall'
+ By default assume that all calls are far away so that a longer more
+ expensive calling sequence is required. This is required for calls
+ further than 32 megabytes (33,554,432 bytes) from the current
+ location. A short call will be generated if the compiler knows
+ the call cannot be that far away. This setting can be overridden
+ by the `shortcall' function attribute, or by `#pragma longcall(0)'.
+
+ Some linkers are capable of detecting out-of-range calls and
+ generating glue code on the fly. On these systems, long calls are
+ unnecessary and generate slower code. As of this writing, the AIX
+ linker can do this, as can the GNU linker for PowerPC/64. It is
+ planned to add this feature to the GNU linker for 32-bit PowerPC
+ systems as well.
+
+ On Darwin/PPC systems, `#pragma longcall' will generate "jbsr
+ callee, L42", plus a "branch island" (glue code). The two target
+ addresses represent the callee and the "branch island". The
+ Darwin/PPC linker will prefer the first address and generate a "bl
+ callee" if the PPC "bl" instruction will reach the callee directly;
+ otherwise, the linker will generate "bl L42" to call the "branch
+ island". The "branch island" is appended to the body of the
+ calling function; it computes the full 32-bit address of the callee
+ and jumps to it.
+
+ On Mach-O (Darwin) systems, this option directs the compiler emit
+ to the glue for every direct call, and the Darwin linker decides
+ whether to use or discard it.
+
+ In the future, we may cause GCC to ignore all longcall
+ specifications when the linker is known to generate glue.
+
+`-pthread'
+ Adds support for multithreading with the "pthreads" library. This
+ option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: S/390 and zSeries Options, Next: Score Options, Prev: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.29 S/390 and zSeries Options
+---------------------------------
+
+These are the `-m' options defined for the S/390 and zSeries
+architecture.
+
+`-mhard-float'
+`-msoft-float'
+ Use (do not use) the hardware floating-point instructions and
+ registers for floating-point operations. When `-msoft-float' is
+ specified, functions in `libgcc.a' will be used to perform
+ floating-point operations. When `-mhard-float' is specified, the
+ compiler generates IEEE floating-point instructions. This is the
+ default.
+
+`-mhard-dfp'
+`-mno-hard-dfp'
+ Use (do not use) the hardware decimal-floating-point instructions
+ for decimal-floating-point operations. When `-mno-hard-dfp' is
+ specified, functions in `libgcc.a' will be used to perform
+ decimal-floating-point operations. When `-mhard-dfp' is
+ specified, the compiler generates decimal-floating-point hardware
+ instructions. This is the default for `-march=z9-ec' or higher.
+
+`-mlong-double-64'
+`-mlong-double-128'
+ These switches control the size of `long double' type. A size of
+ 64bit makes the `long double' type equivalent to the `double'
+ type. This is the default.
+
+`-mbackchain'
+`-mno-backchain'
+ Store (do not store) the address of the caller's frame as
+ backchain pointer into the callee's stack frame. A backchain may
+ be needed to allow debugging using tools that do not understand
+ DWARF-2 call frame information. When `-mno-packed-stack' is in
+ effect, the backchain pointer is stored at the bottom of the stack
+ frame; when `-mpacked-stack' is in effect, the backchain is placed
+ into the topmost word of the 96/160 byte register save area.
+
+ In general, code compiled with `-mbackchain' is call-compatible
+ with code compiled with `-mmo-backchain'; however, use of the
+ backchain for debugging purposes usually requires that the whole
+ binary is built with `-mbackchain'. Note that the combination of
+ `-mbackchain', `-mpacked-stack' and `-mhard-float' is not
+ supported. In order to build a linux kernel use `-msoft-float'.
+
+ The default is to not maintain the backchain.
+
+`-mpacked-stack'
+`-mno-packed-stack'
+ Use (do not use) the packed stack layout. When
+ `-mno-packed-stack' is specified, the compiler uses the all fields
+ of the 96/160 byte register save area only for their default
+ purpose; unused fields still take up stack space. When
+ `-mpacked-stack' is specified, register save slots are densely
+ packed at the top of the register save area; unused space is
+ reused for other purposes, allowing for more efficient use of the
+ available stack space. However, when `-mbackchain' is also in
+ effect, the topmost word of the save area is always used to store
+ the backchain, and the return address register is always saved two
+ words below the backchain.
+
+ As long as the stack frame backchain is not used, code generated
+ with `-mpacked-stack' is call-compatible with code generated with
+ `-mno-packed-stack'. Note that some non-FSF releases of GCC 2.95
+ for S/390 or zSeries generated code that uses the stack frame
+ backchain at run time, not just for debugging purposes. Such code
+ is not call-compatible with code compiled with `-mpacked-stack'.
+ Also, note that the combination of `-mbackchain', `-mpacked-stack'
+ and `-mhard-float' is not supported. In order to build a linux
+ kernel use `-msoft-float'.
+
+ The default is to not use the packed stack layout.
+
+`-msmall-exec'
+`-mno-small-exec'
+ Generate (or do not generate) code using the `bras' instruction to
+ do subroutine calls. This only works reliably if the total
+ executable size does not exceed 64k. The default is to use the
+ `basr' instruction instead, which does not have this limitation.
+
+`-m64'
+`-m31'
+ When `-m31' is specified, generate code compliant to the GNU/Linux
+ for S/390 ABI. When `-m64' is specified, generate code compliant
+ to the GNU/Linux for zSeries ABI. This allows GCC in particular
+ to generate 64-bit instructions. For the `s390' targets, the
+ default is `-m31', while the `s390x' targets default to `-m64'.
+
+`-mzarch'
+`-mesa'
+ When `-mzarch' is specified, generate code using the instructions
+ available on z/Architecture. When `-mesa' is specified, generate
+ code using the instructions available on ESA/390. Note that
+ `-mesa' is not possible with `-m64'. When generating code
+ compliant to the GNU/Linux for S/390 ABI, the default is `-mesa'.
+ When generating code compliant to the GNU/Linux for zSeries ABI,
+ the default is `-mzarch'.
+
+`-mmvcle'
+`-mno-mvcle'
+ Generate (or do not generate) code using the `mvcle' instruction
+ to perform block moves. When `-mno-mvcle' is specified, use a
+ `mvc' loop instead. This is the default unless optimizing for
+ size.
+
+`-mdebug'
+`-mno-debug'
+ Print (or do not print) additional debug information when
+ compiling. The default is to not print debug information.
+
+`-march=CPU-TYPE'
+ Generate code that will run on CPU-TYPE, which is the name of a
+ system representing a certain processor type. Possible values for
+ CPU-TYPE are `g5', `g6', `z900', `z990', `z9-109', `z9-ec' and
+ `z10'. When generating code using the instructions available on
+ z/Architecture, the default is `-march=z900'. Otherwise, the
+ default is `-march=g5'.
+
+`-mtune=CPU-TYPE'
+ Tune to CPU-TYPE everything applicable about the generated code,
+ except for the ABI and the set of available instructions. The
+ list of CPU-TYPE values is the same as for `-march'. The default
+ is the value used for `-march'.
+
+`-mtpf-trace'
+`-mno-tpf-trace'
+ Generate code that adds (does not add) in TPF OS specific branches
+ to trace routines in the operating system. This option is off by
+ default, even when compiling for the TPF OS.
+
+`-mfused-madd'
+`-mno-fused-madd'
+ Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating point multiply
+ and accumulate instructions. These instructions are generated by
+ default if hardware floating point is used.
+
+`-mwarn-framesize=FRAMESIZE'
+ Emit a warning if the current function exceeds the given frame
+ size. Because this is a compile time check it doesn't need to be
+ a real problem when the program runs. It is intended to identify
+ functions which most probably cause a stack overflow. It is
+ useful to be used in an environment with limited stack size e.g.
+ the linux kernel.
+
+`-mwarn-dynamicstack'
+ Emit a warning if the function calls alloca or uses dynamically
+ sized arrays. This is generally a bad idea with a limited stack
+ size.
+
+`-mstack-guard=STACK-GUARD'
+`-mstack-size=STACK-SIZE'
+ If these options are provided the s390 back end emits additional
+ instructions in the function prologue which trigger a trap if the
+ stack size is STACK-GUARD bytes above the STACK-SIZE (remember
+ that the stack on s390 grows downward). If the STACK-GUARD option
+ is omitted the smallest power of 2 larger than the frame size of
+ the compiled function is chosen. These options are intended to be
+ used to help debugging stack overflow problems. The additionally
+ emitted code causes only little overhead and hence can also be
+ used in production like systems without greater performance
+ degradation. The given values have to be exact powers of 2 and
+ STACK-SIZE has to be greater than STACK-GUARD without exceeding
+ 64k. In order to be efficient the extra code makes the assumption
+ that the stack starts at an address aligned to the value given by
+ STACK-SIZE. The STACK-GUARD option can only be used in
+ conjunction with STACK-SIZE.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Score Options, Next: SH Options, Prev: S/390 and zSeries Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.30 Score Options
+---------------------
+
+These options are defined for Score implementations:
+
+`-meb'
+ Compile code for big endian mode. This is the default.
+
+`-mel'
+ Compile code for little endian mode.
+
+`-mnhwloop'
+ Disable generate bcnz instruction.
+
+`-muls'
+ Enable generate unaligned load and store instruction.
+
+`-mmac'
+ Enable the use of multiply-accumulate instructions. Disabled by
+ default.
+
+`-mscore5'
+ Specify the SCORE5 as the target architecture.
+
+`-mscore5u'
+ Specify the SCORE5U of the target architecture.
+
+`-mscore7'
+ Specify the SCORE7 as the target architecture. This is the default.
+
+`-mscore7d'
+ Specify the SCORE7D as the target architecture.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: SH Options, Next: SPARC Options, Prev: Score Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.31 SH Options
+------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the SH implementations:
+
+`-m1'
+ Generate code for the SH1.
+
+`-m2'
+ Generate code for the SH2.
+
+`-m2e'
+ Generate code for the SH2e.
+
+`-m3'
+ Generate code for the SH3.
+
+`-m3e'
+ Generate code for the SH3e.
+
+`-m4-nofpu'
+ Generate code for the SH4 without a floating-point unit.
+
+`-m4-single-only'
+ Generate code for the SH4 with a floating-point unit that only
+ supports single-precision arithmetic.
+
+`-m4-single'
+ Generate code for the SH4 assuming the floating-point unit is in
+ single-precision mode by default.
+
+`-m4'
+ Generate code for the SH4.
+
+`-m4a-nofpu'
+ Generate code for the SH4al-dsp, or for a SH4a in such a way that
+ the floating-point unit is not used.
+
+`-m4a-single-only'
+ Generate code for the SH4a, in such a way that no double-precision
+ floating point operations are used.
+
+`-m4a-single'
+ Generate code for the SH4a assuming the floating-point unit is in
+ single-precision mode by default.
+
+`-m4a'
+ Generate code for the SH4a.
+
+`-m4al'
+ Same as `-m4a-nofpu', except that it implicitly passes `-dsp' to
+ the assembler. GCC doesn't generate any DSP instructions at the
+ moment.
+
+`-mb'
+ Compile code for the processor in big endian mode.
+
+`-ml'
+ Compile code for the processor in little endian mode.
+
+`-mdalign'
+ Align doubles at 64-bit boundaries. Note that this changes the
+ calling conventions, and thus some functions from the standard C
+ library will not work unless you recompile it first with
+ `-mdalign'.
+
+`-mrelax'
+ Shorten some address references at link time, when possible; uses
+ the linker option `-relax'.
+
+`-mbigtable'
+ Use 32-bit offsets in `switch' tables. The default is to use
+ 16-bit offsets.
+
+`-mbitops'
+ Enable the use of bit manipulation instructions on SH2A.
+
+`-mfmovd'
+ Enable the use of the instruction `fmovd'.
+
+`-mhitachi'
+ Comply with the calling conventions defined by Renesas.
+
+`-mrenesas'
+ Comply with the calling conventions defined by Renesas.
+
+`-mno-renesas'
+ Comply with the calling conventions defined for GCC before the
+ Renesas conventions were available. This option is the default
+ for all targets of the SH toolchain except for `sh-symbianelf'.
+
+`-mnomacsave'
+ Mark the `MAC' register as call-clobbered, even if `-mhitachi' is
+ given.
+
+`-mieee'
+ Increase IEEE-compliance of floating-point code. At the moment,
+ this is equivalent to `-fno-finite-math-only'. When generating 16
+ bit SH opcodes, getting IEEE-conforming results for comparisons of
+ NANs / infinities incurs extra overhead in every floating point
+ comparison, therefore the default is set to `-ffinite-math-only'.
+
+`-minline-ic_invalidate'
+ Inline code to invalidate instruction cache entries after setting
+ up nested function trampolines. This option has no effect if
+ -musermode is in effect and the selected code generation option
+ (e.g. -m4) does not allow the use of the icbi instruction. If the
+ selected code generation option does not allow the use of the icbi
+ instruction, and -musermode is not in effect, the inlined code will
+ manipulate the instruction cache address array directly with an
+ associative write. This not only requires privileged mode, but it
+ will also fail if the cache line had been mapped via the TLB and
+ has become unmapped.
+
+`-misize'
+ Dump instruction size and location in the assembly code.
+
+`-mpadstruct'
+ This option is deprecated. It pads structures to multiple of 4
+ bytes, which is incompatible with the SH ABI.
+
+`-mspace'
+ Optimize for space instead of speed. Implied by `-Os'.
+
+`-mprefergot'
+ When generating position-independent code, emit function calls
+ using the Global Offset Table instead of the Procedure Linkage
+ Table.
+
+`-musermode'
+ Don't generate privileged mode only code; implies
+ -mno-inline-ic_invalidate if the inlined code would not work in
+ user mode. This is the default when the target is `sh-*-linux*'.
+
+`-multcost=NUMBER'
+ Set the cost to assume for a multiply insn.
+
+`-mdiv=STRATEGY'
+ Set the division strategy to use for SHmedia code. STRATEGY must
+ be one of: call, call2, fp, inv, inv:minlat, inv20u, inv20l,
+ inv:call, inv:call2, inv:fp . "fp" performs the operation in
+ floating point. This has a very high latency, but needs only a
+ few instructions, so it might be a good choice if your code has
+ enough easily exploitable ILP to allow the compiler to schedule
+ the floating point instructions together with other instructions.
+ Division by zero causes a floating point exception. "inv" uses
+ integer operations to calculate the inverse of the divisor, and
+ then multiplies the dividend with the inverse. This strategy
+ allows cse and hoisting of the inverse calculation. Division by
+ zero calculates an unspecified result, but does not trap.
+ "inv:minlat" is a variant of "inv" where if no cse / hoisting
+ opportunities have been found, or if the entire operation has been
+ hoisted to the same place, the last stages of the inverse
+ calculation are intertwined with the final multiply to reduce the
+ overall latency, at the expense of using a few more instructions,
+ and thus offering fewer scheduling opportunities with other code.
+ "call" calls a library function that usually implements the
+ inv:minlat strategy. This gives high code density for
+ m5-*media-nofpu compilations. "call2" uses a different entry
+ point of the same library function, where it assumes that a
+ pointer to a lookup table has already been set up, which exposes
+ the pointer load to cse / code hoisting optimizations.
+ "inv:call", "inv:call2" and "inv:fp" all use the "inv" algorithm
+ for initial code generation, but if the code stays unoptimized,
+ revert to the "call", "call2", or "fp" strategies, respectively.
+ Note that the potentially-trapping side effect of division by zero
+ is carried by a separate instruction, so it is possible that all
+ the integer instructions are hoisted out, but the marker for the
+ side effect stays where it is. A recombination to fp operations
+ or a call is not possible in that case. "inv20u" and "inv20l" are
+ variants of the "inv:minlat" strategy. In the case that the
+ inverse calculation was nor separated from the multiply, they speed
+ up division where the dividend fits into 20 bits (plus sign where
+ applicable), by inserting a test to skip a number of operations in
+ this case; this test slows down the case of larger dividends.
+ inv20u assumes the case of a such a small dividend to be unlikely,
+ and inv20l assumes it to be likely.
+
+`-mdivsi3_libfunc=NAME'
+ Set the name of the library function used for 32 bit signed
+ division to NAME. This only affect the name used in the call and
+ inv:call division strategies, and the compiler will still expect
+ the same sets of input/output/clobbered registers as if this
+ option was not present.
+
+`-mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE'
+ Generate code treating the given register range as fixed registers.
+ A fixed register is one that the register allocator can not use.
+ This is useful when compiling kernel code. A register range is
+ specified as two registers separated by a dash. Multiple register
+ ranges can be specified separated by a comma.
+
+`-madjust-unroll'
+ Throttle unrolling to avoid thrashing target registers. This
+ option only has an effect if the gcc code base supports the
+ TARGET_ADJUST_UNROLL_MAX target hook.
+
+`-mindexed-addressing'
+ Enable the use of the indexed addressing mode for
+ SHmedia32/SHcompact. This is only safe if the hardware and/or OS
+ implement 32 bit wrap-around semantics for the indexed addressing
+ mode. The architecture allows the implementation of processors
+ with 64 bit MMU, which the OS could use to get 32 bit addressing,
+ but since no current hardware implementation supports this or any
+ other way to make the indexed addressing mode safe to use in the
+ 32 bit ABI, the default is -mno-indexed-addressing.
+
+`-mgettrcost=NUMBER'
+ Set the cost assumed for the gettr instruction to NUMBER. The
+ default is 2 if `-mpt-fixed' is in effect, 100 otherwise.
+
+`-mpt-fixed'
+ Assume pt* instructions won't trap. This will generally generate
+ better scheduled code, but is unsafe on current hardware. The
+ current architecture definition says that ptabs and ptrel trap
+ when the target anded with 3 is 3. This has the unintentional
+ effect of making it unsafe to schedule ptabs / ptrel before a
+ branch, or hoist it out of a loop. For example,
+ __do_global_ctors, a part of libgcc that runs constructors at
+ program startup, calls functions in a list which is delimited by
+ -1. With the -mpt-fixed option, the ptabs will be done before
+ testing against -1. That means that all the constructors will be
+ run a bit quicker, but when the loop comes to the end of the list,
+ the program crashes because ptabs loads -1 into a target register.
+ Since this option is unsafe for any hardware implementing the
+ current architecture specification, the default is -mno-pt-fixed.
+ Unless the user specifies a specific cost with `-mgettrcost',
+ -mno-pt-fixed also implies `-mgettrcost=100'; this deters register
+ allocation using target registers for storing ordinary integers.
+
+`-minvalid-symbols'
+ Assume symbols might be invalid. Ordinary function symbols
+ generated by the compiler will always be valid to load with
+ movi/shori/ptabs or movi/shori/ptrel, but with assembler and/or
+ linker tricks it is possible to generate symbols that will cause
+ ptabs / ptrel to trap. This option is only meaningful when
+ `-mno-pt-fixed' is in effect. It will then prevent
+ cross-basic-block cse, hoisting and most scheduling of symbol
+ loads. The default is `-mno-invalid-symbols'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: SPARC Options, Next: SPU Options, Prev: SH Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.32 SPARC Options
+---------------------
+
+These `-m' options are supported on the SPARC:
+
+`-mno-app-regs'
+`-mapp-regs'
+ Specify `-mapp-regs' to generate output using the global registers
+ 2 through 4, which the SPARC SVR4 ABI reserves for applications.
+ This is the default.
+
+ To be fully SVR4 ABI compliant at the cost of some performance
+ loss, specify `-mno-app-regs'. You should compile libraries and
+ system software with this option.
+
+`-mfpu'
+`-mhard-float'
+ Generate output containing floating point instructions. This is
+ the default.
+
+`-mno-fpu'
+`-msoft-float'
+ Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+ *Warning:* the requisite libraries are not available for all SPARC
+ targets. Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C
+ compiler are used, but this cannot be done directly in
+ cross-compilation. You must make your own arrangements to provide
+ suitable library functions for cross-compilation. The embedded
+ targets `sparc-*-aout' and `sparclite-*-*' do provide software
+ floating point support.
+
+ `-msoft-float' changes the calling convention in the output file;
+ therefore, it is only useful if you compile _all_ of a program with
+ this option. In particular, you need to compile `libgcc.a', the
+ library that comes with GCC, with `-msoft-float' in order for this
+ to work.
+
+`-mhard-quad-float'
+ Generate output containing quad-word (long double) floating point
+ instructions.
+
+`-msoft-quad-float'
+ Generate output containing library calls for quad-word (long
+ double) floating point instructions. The functions called are
+ those specified in the SPARC ABI. This is the default.
+
+ As of this writing, there are no SPARC implementations that have
+ hardware support for the quad-word floating point instructions.
+ They all invoke a trap handler for one of these instructions, and
+ then the trap handler emulates the effect of the instruction.
+ Because of the trap handler overhead, this is much slower than
+ calling the ABI library routines. Thus the `-msoft-quad-float'
+ option is the default.
+
+`-mno-unaligned-doubles'
+`-munaligned-doubles'
+ Assume that doubles have 8 byte alignment. This is the default.
+
+ With `-munaligned-doubles', GCC assumes that doubles have 8 byte
+ alignment only if they are contained in another type, or if they
+ have an absolute address. Otherwise, it assumes they have 4 byte
+ alignment. Specifying this option avoids some rare compatibility
+ problems with code generated by other compilers. It is not the
+ default because it results in a performance loss, especially for
+ floating point code.
+
+`-mno-faster-structs'
+`-mfaster-structs'
+ With `-mfaster-structs', the compiler assumes that structures
+ should have 8 byte alignment. This enables the use of pairs of
+ `ldd' and `std' instructions for copies in structure assignment,
+ in place of twice as many `ld' and `st' pairs. However, the use
+ of this changed alignment directly violates the SPARC ABI. Thus,
+ it's intended only for use on targets where the developer
+ acknowledges that their resulting code will not be directly in
+ line with the rules of the ABI.
+
+`-mimpure-text'
+ `-mimpure-text', used in addition to `-shared', tells the compiler
+ to not pass `-z text' to the linker when linking a shared object.
+ Using this option, you can link position-dependent code into a
+ shared object.
+
+ `-mimpure-text' suppresses the "relocations remain against
+ allocatable but non-writable sections" linker error message.
+ However, the necessary relocations will trigger copy-on-write, and
+ the shared object is not actually shared across processes.
+ Instead of using `-mimpure-text', you should compile all source
+ code with `-fpic' or `-fPIC'.
+
+ This option is only available on SunOS and Solaris.
+
+`-mcpu=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set the instruction set, register set, and instruction scheduling
+ parameters for machine type CPU_TYPE. Supported values for
+ CPU_TYPE are `v7', `cypress', `v8', `supersparc', `sparclite',
+ `f930', `f934', `hypersparc', `sparclite86x', `sparclet',
+ `tsc701', `v9', `ultrasparc', `ultrasparc3', `niagara' and
+ `niagara2'.
+
+ Default instruction scheduling parameters are used for values that
+ select an architecture and not an implementation. These are `v7',
+ `v8', `sparclite', `sparclet', `v9'.
+
+ Here is a list of each supported architecture and their supported
+ implementations.
+
+ v7: cypress
+ v8: supersparc, hypersparc
+ sparclite: f930, f934, sparclite86x
+ sparclet: tsc701
+ v9: ultrasparc, ultrasparc3, niagara, niagara2
+
+ By default (unless configured otherwise), GCC generates code for
+ the V7 variant of the SPARC architecture. With `-mcpu=cypress',
+ the compiler additionally optimizes it for the Cypress CY7C602
+ chip, as used in the SPARCStation/SPARCServer 3xx series. This is
+ also appropriate for the older SPARCStation 1, 2, IPX etc.
+
+ With `-mcpu=v8', GCC generates code for the V8 variant of the SPARC
+ architecture. The only difference from V7 code is that the
+ compiler emits the integer multiply and integer divide
+ instructions which exist in SPARC-V8 but not in SPARC-V7. With
+ `-mcpu=supersparc', the compiler additionally optimizes it for the
+ SuperSPARC chip, as used in the SPARCStation 10, 1000 and 2000
+ series.
+
+ With `-mcpu=sparclite', GCC generates code for the SPARClite
+ variant of the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer
+ multiply, integer divide step and scan (`ffs') instructions which
+ exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC-V7. With `-mcpu=f930', the
+ compiler additionally optimizes it for the Fujitsu MB86930 chip,
+ which is the original SPARClite, with no FPU. With `-mcpu=f934',
+ the compiler additionally optimizes it for the Fujitsu MB86934
+ chip, which is the more recent SPARClite with FPU.
+
+ With `-mcpu=sparclet', GCC generates code for the SPARClet variant
+ of the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply,
+ multiply/accumulate, integer divide step and scan (`ffs')
+ instructions which exist in SPARClet but not in SPARC-V7. With
+ `-mcpu=tsc701', the compiler additionally optimizes it for the
+ TEMIC SPARClet chip.
+
+ With `-mcpu=v9', GCC generates code for the V9 variant of the SPARC
+ architecture. This adds 64-bit integer and floating-point move
+ instructions, 3 additional floating-point condition code registers
+ and conditional move instructions. With `-mcpu=ultrasparc', the
+ compiler additionally optimizes it for the Sun UltraSPARC I/II/IIi
+ chips. With `-mcpu=ultrasparc3', the compiler additionally
+ optimizes it for the Sun UltraSPARC III/III+/IIIi/IIIi+/IV/IV+
+ chips. With `-mcpu=niagara', the compiler additionally optimizes
+ it for Sun UltraSPARC T1 chips. With `-mcpu=niagara2', the
+ compiler additionally optimizes it for Sun UltraSPARC T2 chips.
+
+`-mtune=CPU_TYPE'
+ Set the instruction scheduling parameters for machine type
+ CPU_TYPE, but do not set the instruction set or register set that
+ the option `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' would.
+
+ The same values for `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' can be used for
+ `-mtune=CPU_TYPE', but the only useful values are those that
+ select a particular cpu implementation. Those are `cypress',
+ `supersparc', `hypersparc', `f930', `f934', `sparclite86x',
+ `tsc701', `ultrasparc', `ultrasparc3', `niagara', and `niagara2'.
+
+`-mv8plus'
+`-mno-v8plus'
+ With `-mv8plus', GCC generates code for the SPARC-V8+ ABI. The
+ difference from the V8 ABI is that the global and out registers are
+ considered 64-bit wide. This is enabled by default on Solaris in
+ 32-bit mode for all SPARC-V9 processors.
+
+`-mvis'
+`-mno-vis'
+ With `-mvis', GCC generates code that takes advantage of the
+ UltraSPARC Visual Instruction Set extensions. The default is
+ `-mno-vis'.
+
+ These `-m' options are supported in addition to the above on SPARC-V9
+processors in 64-bit environments:
+
+`-mlittle-endian'
+ Generate code for a processor running in little-endian mode. It
+ is only available for a few configurations and most notably not on
+ Solaris and Linux.
+
+`-m32'
+`-m64'
+ Generate code for a 32-bit or 64-bit environment. The 32-bit
+ environment sets int, long and pointer to 32 bits. The 64-bit
+ environment sets int to 32 bits and long and pointer to 64 bits.
+
+`-mcmodel=medlow'
+ Generate code for the Medium/Low code model: 64-bit addresses,
+ programs must be linked in the low 32 bits of memory. Programs
+ can be statically or dynamically linked.
+
+`-mcmodel=medmid'
+ Generate code for the Medium/Middle code model: 64-bit addresses,
+ programs must be linked in the low 44 bits of memory, the text and
+ data segments must be less than 2GB in size and the data segment
+ must be located within 2GB of the text segment.
+
+`-mcmodel=medany'
+ Generate code for the Medium/Anywhere code model: 64-bit
+ addresses, programs may be linked anywhere in memory, the text and
+ data segments must be less than 2GB in size and the data segment
+ must be located within 2GB of the text segment.
+
+`-mcmodel=embmedany'
+ Generate code for the Medium/Anywhere code model for embedded
+ systems: 64-bit addresses, the text and data segments must be less
+ than 2GB in size, both starting anywhere in memory (determined at
+ link time). The global register %g4 points to the base of the
+ data segment. Programs are statically linked and PIC is not
+ supported.
+
+`-mstack-bias'
+`-mno-stack-bias'
+ With `-mstack-bias', GCC assumes that the stack pointer, and frame
+ pointer if present, are offset by -2047 which must be added back
+ when making stack frame references. This is the default in 64-bit
+ mode. Otherwise, assume no such offset is present.
+
+ These switches are supported in addition to the above on Solaris:
+
+`-threads'
+ Add support for multithreading using the Solaris threads library.
+ This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. This
+ option does not affect the thread safety of object code produced
+ by the compiler or that of libraries supplied with it.
+
+`-pthreads'
+ Add support for multithreading using the POSIX threads library.
+ This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. This
+ option does not affect the thread safety of object code produced
+ by the compiler or that of libraries supplied with it.
+
+`-pthread'
+ This is a synonym for `-pthreads'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: SPU Options, Next: System V Options, Prev: SPARC Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.33 SPU Options
+-------------------
+
+These `-m' options are supported on the SPU:
+
+`-mwarn-reloc'
+`-merror-reloc'
+ The loader for SPU does not handle dynamic relocations. By
+ default, GCC will give an error when it generates code that
+ requires a dynamic relocation. `-mno-error-reloc' disables the
+ error, `-mwarn-reloc' will generate a warning instead.
+
+`-msafe-dma'
+`-munsafe-dma'
+ Instructions which initiate or test completion of DMA must not be
+ reordered with respect to loads and stores of the memory which is
+ being accessed. Users typically address this problem using the
+ volatile keyword, but that can lead to inefficient code in places
+ where the memory is known to not change. Rather than mark the
+ memory as volatile we treat the DMA instructions as potentially
+ effecting all memory. With `-munsafe-dma' users must use the
+ volatile keyword to protect memory accesses.
+
+`-mbranch-hints'
+ By default, GCC will generate a branch hint instruction to avoid
+ pipeline stalls for always taken or probably taken branches. A
+ hint will not be generated closer than 8 instructions away from
+ its branch. There is little reason to disable them, except for
+ debugging purposes, or to make an object a little bit smaller.
+
+`-msmall-mem'
+`-mlarge-mem'
+ By default, GCC generates code assuming that addresses are never
+ larger than 18 bits. With `-mlarge-mem' code is generated that
+ assumes a full 32 bit address.
+
+`-mstdmain'
+ By default, GCC links against startup code that assumes the
+ SPU-style main function interface (which has an unconventional
+ parameter list). With `-mstdmain', GCC will link your program
+ against startup code that assumes a C99-style interface to `main',
+ including a local copy of `argv' strings.
+
+`-mfixed-range=REGISTER-RANGE'
+ Generate code treating the given register range as fixed registers.
+ A fixed register is one that the register allocator can not use.
+ This is useful when compiling kernel code. A register range is
+ specified as two registers separated by a dash. Multiple register
+ ranges can be specified separated by a comma.
+
+`-mdual-nops'
+`-mdual-nops=N'
+ By default, GCC will insert nops to increase dual issue when it
+ expects it to increase performance. N can be a value from 0 to
+ 10. A smaller N will insert fewer nops. 10 is the default, 0 is
+ the same as `-mno-dual-nops'. Disabled with `-Os'.
+
+`-mhint-max-nops=N'
+ Maximum number of nops to insert for a branch hint. A branch hint
+ must be at least 8 instructions away from the branch it is
+ effecting. GCC will insert up to N nops to enforce this,
+ otherwise it will not generate the branch hint.
+
+`-mhint-max-distance=N'
+ The encoding of the branch hint instruction limits the hint to be
+ within 256 instructions of the branch it is effecting. By
+ default, GCC makes sure it is within 125.
+
+`-msafe-hints'
+ Work around a hardware bug which causes the SPU to stall
+ indefinitely. By default, GCC will insert the `hbrp' instruction
+ to make sure this stall won't happen.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: System V Options, Next: V850 Options, Prev: SPU Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.34 Options for System V
+----------------------------
+
+These additional options are available on System V Release 4 for
+compatibility with other compilers on those systems:
+
+`-G'
+ Create a shared object. It is recommended that `-symbolic' or
+ `-shared' be used instead.
+
+`-Qy'
+ Identify the versions of each tool used by the compiler, in a
+ `.ident' assembler directive in the output.
+
+`-Qn'
+ Refrain from adding `.ident' directives to the output file (this is
+ the default).
+
+`-YP,DIRS'
+ Search the directories DIRS, and no others, for libraries
+ specified with `-l'.
+
+`-Ym,DIR'
+ Look in the directory DIR to find the M4 preprocessor. The
+ assembler uses this option.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: V850 Options, Next: VAX Options, Prev: System V Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.35 V850 Options
+--------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for V850 implementations:
+
+`-mlong-calls'
+`-mno-long-calls'
+ Treat all calls as being far away (near). If calls are assumed to
+ be far away, the compiler will always load the functions address
+ up into a register, and call indirect through the pointer.
+
+`-mno-ep'
+`-mep'
+ Do not optimize (do optimize) basic blocks that use the same index
+ pointer 4 or more times to copy pointer into the `ep' register, and
+ use the shorter `sld' and `sst' instructions. The `-mep' option
+ is on by default if you optimize.
+
+`-mno-prolog-function'
+`-mprolog-function'
+ Do not use (do use) external functions to save and restore
+ registers at the prologue and epilogue of a function. The
+ external functions are slower, but use less code space if more
+ than one function saves the same number of registers. The
+ `-mprolog-function' option is on by default if you optimize.
+
+`-mspace'
+ Try to make the code as small as possible. At present, this just
+ turns on the `-mep' and `-mprolog-function' options.
+
+`-mtda=N'
+ Put static or global variables whose size is N bytes or less into
+ the tiny data area that register `ep' points to. The tiny data
+ area can hold up to 256 bytes in total (128 bytes for byte
+ references).
+
+`-msda=N'
+ Put static or global variables whose size is N bytes or less into
+ the small data area that register `gp' points to. The small data
+ area can hold up to 64 kilobytes.
+
+`-mzda=N'
+ Put static or global variables whose size is N bytes or less into
+ the first 32 kilobytes of memory.
+
+`-mv850'
+ Specify that the target processor is the V850.
+
+`-mbig-switch'
+ Generate code suitable for big switch tables. Use this option
+ only if the assembler/linker complain about out of range branches
+ within a switch table.
+
+`-mapp-regs'
+ This option will cause r2 and r5 to be used in the code generated
+ by the compiler. This setting is the default.
+
+`-mno-app-regs'
+ This option will cause r2 and r5 to be treated as fixed registers.
+
+`-mv850e1'
+ Specify that the target processor is the V850E1. The preprocessor
+ constants `__v850e1__' and `__v850e__' will be defined if this
+ option is used.
+
+`-mv850e'
+ Specify that the target processor is the V850E. The preprocessor
+ constant `__v850e__' will be defined if this option is used.
+
+ If neither `-mv850' nor `-mv850e' nor `-mv850e1' are defined then
+ a default target processor will be chosen and the relevant
+ `__v850*__' preprocessor constant will be defined.
+
+ The preprocessor constants `__v850' and `__v851__' are always
+ defined, regardless of which processor variant is the target.
+
+`-mdisable-callt'
+ This option will suppress generation of the CALLT instruction for
+ the v850e and v850e1 flavors of the v850 architecture. The
+ default is `-mno-disable-callt' which allows the CALLT instruction
+ to be used.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: VAX Options, Next: VxWorks Options, Prev: V850 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.36 VAX Options
+-------------------
+
+These `-m' options are defined for the VAX:
+
+`-munix'
+ Do not output certain jump instructions (`aobleq' and so on) that
+ the Unix assembler for the VAX cannot handle across long ranges.
+
+`-mgnu'
+ Do output those jump instructions, on the assumption that you will
+ assemble with the GNU assembler.
+
+`-mg'
+ Output code for g-format floating point numbers instead of
+ d-format.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: VxWorks Options, Next: x86-64 Options, Prev: VAX Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.37 VxWorks Options
+-----------------------
+
+The options in this section are defined for all VxWorks targets.
+Options specific to the target hardware are listed with the other
+options for that target.
+
+`-mrtp'
+ GCC can generate code for both VxWorks kernels and real time
+ processes (RTPs). This option switches from the former to the
+ latter. It also defines the preprocessor macro `__RTP__'.
+
+`-non-static'
+ Link an RTP executable against shared libraries rather than static
+ libraries. The options `-static' and `-shared' can also be used
+ for RTPs (*note Link Options::); `-static' is the default.
+
+`-Bstatic'
+`-Bdynamic'
+ These options are passed down to the linker. They are defined for
+ compatibility with Diab.
+
+`-Xbind-lazy'
+ Enable lazy binding of function calls. This option is equivalent
+ to `-Wl,-z,now' and is defined for compatibility with Diab.
+
+`-Xbind-now'
+ Disable lazy binding of function calls. This option is the
+ default and is defined for compatibility with Diab.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: x86-64 Options, Next: Xstormy16 Options, Prev: VxWorks Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.38 x86-64 Options
+----------------------
+
+These are listed under *Note i386 and x86-64 Options::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options, Next: IA-64 Options, Prev: i386 and x86-64 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.39 i386 and x86-64 Windows Options
+---------------------------------------
+
+These additional options are available for Windows targets:
+
+`-mconsole'
+ This option is available for Cygwin and MinGW targets. It
+ specifies that a console application is to be generated, by
+ instructing the linker to set the PE header subsystem type
+ required for console applications. This is the default behaviour
+ for Cygwin and MinGW targets.
+
+`-mcygwin'
+ This option is available for Cygwin targets. It specifies that
+ the Cygwin internal interface is to be used for predefined
+ preprocessor macros, C runtime libraries and related linker paths
+ and options. For Cygwin targets this is the default behaviour.
+ This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
+
+`-mno-cygwin'
+ This option is available for Cygwin targets. It specifies that
+ the MinGW internal interface is to be used instead of Cygwin's, by
+ setting MinGW-related predefined macros and linker paths and
+ default library options. This option is deprecated and will be
+ removed in a future release.
+
+`-mdll'
+ This option is available for Cygwin and MinGW targets. It
+ specifies that a DLL - a dynamic link library - is to be
+ generated, enabling the selection of the required runtime startup
+ object and entry point.
+
+`-mnop-fun-dllimport'
+ This option is available for Cygwin and MinGW targets. It
+ specifies that the dllimport attribute should be ignored.
+
+`-mthread'
+ This option is available for MinGW targets. It specifies that
+ MinGW-specific thread support is to be used.
+
+`-mwin32'
+ This option is available for Cygwin and MinGW targets. It
+ specifies that the typical Windows pre-defined macros are to be
+ set in the pre-processor, but does not influence the choice of
+ runtime library/startup code.
+
+`-mwindows'
+ This option is available for Cygwin and MinGW targets. It
+ specifies that a GUI application is to be generated by instructing
+ the linker to set the PE header subsystem type appropriately.
+
+ See also under *note i386 and x86-64 Options:: for standard options.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Xstormy16 Options, Next: Xtensa Options, Prev: x86-64 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.40 Xstormy16 Options
+-------------------------
+
+These options are defined for Xstormy16:
+
+`-msim'
+ Choose startup files and linker script suitable for the simulator.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Xtensa Options, Next: zSeries Options, Prev: Xstormy16 Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.41 Xtensa Options
+----------------------
+
+These options are supported for Xtensa targets:
+
+`-mconst16'
+`-mno-const16'
+ Enable or disable use of `CONST16' instructions for loading
+ constant values. The `CONST16' instruction is currently not a
+ standard option from Tensilica. When enabled, `CONST16'
+ instructions are always used in place of the standard `L32R'
+ instructions. The use of `CONST16' is enabled by default only if
+ the `L32R' instruction is not available.
+
+`-mfused-madd'
+`-mno-fused-madd'
+ Enable or disable use of fused multiply/add and multiply/subtract
+ instructions in the floating-point option. This has no effect if
+ the floating-point option is not also enabled. Disabling fused
+ multiply/add and multiply/subtract instructions forces the
+ compiler to use separate instructions for the multiply and
+ add/subtract operations. This may be desirable in some cases
+ where strict IEEE 754-compliant results are required: the fused
+ multiply add/subtract instructions do not round the intermediate
+ result, thereby producing results with _more_ bits of precision
+ than specified by the IEEE standard. Disabling fused multiply
+ add/subtract instructions also ensures that the program output is
+ not sensitive to the compiler's ability to combine multiply and
+ add/subtract operations.
+
+`-mserialize-volatile'
+`-mno-serialize-volatile'
+ When this option is enabled, GCC inserts `MEMW' instructions before
+ `volatile' memory references to guarantee sequential consistency.
+ The default is `-mserialize-volatile'. Use
+ `-mno-serialize-volatile' to omit the `MEMW' instructions.
+
+`-mtext-section-literals'
+`-mno-text-section-literals'
+ Control the treatment of literal pools. The default is
+ `-mno-text-section-literals', which places literals in a separate
+ section in the output file. This allows the literal pool to be
+ placed in a data RAM/ROM, and it also allows the linker to combine
+ literal pools from separate object files to remove redundant
+ literals and improve code size. With `-mtext-section-literals',
+ the literals are interspersed in the text section in order to keep
+ them as close as possible to their references. This may be
+ necessary for large assembly files.
+
+`-mtarget-align'
+`-mno-target-align'
+ When this option is enabled, GCC instructs the assembler to
+ automatically align instructions to reduce branch penalties at the
+ expense of some code density. The assembler attempts to widen
+ density instructions to align branch targets and the instructions
+ following call instructions. If there are not enough preceding
+ safe density instructions to align a target, no widening will be
+ performed. The default is `-mtarget-align'. These options do not
+ affect the treatment of auto-aligned instructions like `LOOP',
+ which the assembler will always align, either by widening density
+ instructions or by inserting no-op instructions.
+
+`-mlongcalls'
+`-mno-longcalls'
+ When this option is enabled, GCC instructs the assembler to
+ translate direct calls to indirect calls unless it can determine
+ that the target of a direct call is in the range allowed by the
+ call instruction. This translation typically occurs for calls to
+ functions in other source files. Specifically, the assembler
+ translates a direct `CALL' instruction into an `L32R' followed by
+ a `CALLX' instruction. The default is `-mno-longcalls'. This
+ option should be used in programs where the call target can
+ potentially be out of range. This option is implemented in the
+ assembler, not the compiler, so the assembly code generated by GCC
+ will still show direct call instructions--look at the disassembled
+ object code to see the actual instructions. Note that the
+ assembler will use an indirect call for every cross-file call, not
+ just those that really will be out of range.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: zSeries Options, Prev: Xtensa Options, Up: Submodel Options
+
+3.17.42 zSeries Options
+-----------------------
+
+These are listed under *Note S/390 and zSeries Options::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Code Gen Options, Next: Environment Variables, Prev: Submodel Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.18 Options for Code Generation Conventions
+============================================
+
+These machine-independent options control the interface conventions
+used in code generation.
+
+ Most of them have both positive and negative forms; the negative form
+of `-ffoo' would be `-fno-foo'. In the table below, only one of the
+forms is listed--the one which is not the default. You can figure out
+the other form by either removing `no-' or adding it.
+
+`-fbounds-check'
+ For front-ends that support it, generate additional code to check
+ that indices used to access arrays are within the declared range.
+ This is currently only supported by the Java and Fortran
+ front-ends, where this option defaults to true and false
+ respectively.
+
+`-ftrapv'
+ This option generates traps for signed overflow on addition,
+ subtraction, multiplication operations.
+
+`-fwrapv'
+ This option instructs the compiler to assume that signed arithmetic
+ overflow of addition, subtraction and multiplication wraps around
+ using twos-complement representation. This flag enables some
+ optimizations and disables others. This option is enabled by
+ default for the Java front-end, as required by the Java language
+ specification.
+
+`-fexceptions'
+ Enable exception handling. Generates extra code needed to
+ propagate exceptions. For some targets, this implies GCC will
+ generate frame unwind information for all functions, which can
+ produce significant data size overhead, although it does not
+ affect execution. If you do not specify this option, GCC will
+ enable it by default for languages like C++ which normally require
+ exception handling, and disable it for languages like C that do
+ not normally require it. However, you may need to enable this
+ option when compiling C code that needs to interoperate properly
+ with exception handlers written in C++. You may also wish to
+ disable this option if you are compiling older C++ programs that
+ don't use exception handling.
+
+`-fnon-call-exceptions'
+ Generate code that allows trapping instructions to throw
+ exceptions. Note that this requires platform-specific runtime
+ support that does not exist everywhere. Moreover, it only allows
+ _trapping_ instructions to throw exceptions, i.e. memory
+ references or floating point instructions. It does not allow
+ exceptions to be thrown from arbitrary signal handlers such as
+ `SIGALRM'.
+
+`-funwind-tables'
+ Similar to `-fexceptions', except that it will just generate any
+ needed static data, but will not affect the generated code in any
+ other way. You will normally not enable this option; instead, a
+ language processor that needs this handling would enable it on
+ your behalf.
+
+`-fasynchronous-unwind-tables'
+ Generate unwind table in dwarf2 format, if supported by target
+ machine. The table is exact at each instruction boundary, so it
+ can be used for stack unwinding from asynchronous events (such as
+ debugger or garbage collector).
+
+`-fpcc-struct-return'
+ Return "short" `struct' and `union' values in memory like longer
+ ones, rather than in registers. This convention is less
+ efficient, but it has the advantage of allowing intercallability
+ between GCC-compiled files and files compiled with other
+ compilers, particularly the Portable C Compiler (pcc).
+
+ The precise convention for returning structures in memory depends
+ on the target configuration macros.
+
+ Short structures and unions are those whose size and alignment
+ match that of some integer type.
+
+ *Warning:* code compiled with the `-fpcc-struct-return' switch is
+ not binary compatible with code compiled with the
+ `-freg-struct-return' switch. Use it to conform to a non-default
+ application binary interface.
+
+`-freg-struct-return'
+ Return `struct' and `union' values in registers when possible.
+ This is more efficient for small structures than
+ `-fpcc-struct-return'.
+
+ If you specify neither `-fpcc-struct-return' nor
+ `-freg-struct-return', GCC defaults to whichever convention is
+ standard for the target. If there is no standard convention, GCC
+ defaults to `-fpcc-struct-return', except on targets where GCC is
+ the principal compiler. In those cases, we can choose the
+ standard, and we chose the more efficient register return
+ alternative.
+
+ *Warning:* code compiled with the `-freg-struct-return' switch is
+ not binary compatible with code compiled with the
+ `-fpcc-struct-return' switch. Use it to conform to a non-default
+ application binary interface.
+
+`-fshort-enums'
+ Allocate to an `enum' type only as many bytes as it needs for the
+ declared range of possible values. Specifically, the `enum' type
+ will be equivalent to the smallest integer type which has enough
+ room.
+
+ *Warning:* the `-fshort-enums' switch causes GCC to generate code
+ that is not binary compatible with code generated without that
+ switch. Use it to conform to a non-default application binary
+ interface.
+
+`-fshort-double'
+ Use the same size for `double' as for `float'.
+
+ *Warning:* the `-fshort-double' switch causes GCC to generate code
+ that is not binary compatible with code generated without that
+ switch. Use it to conform to a non-default application binary
+ interface.
+
+`-fshort-wchar'
+ Override the underlying type for `wchar_t' to be `short unsigned
+ int' instead of the default for the target. This option is useful
+ for building programs to run under WINE.
+
+ *Warning:* the `-fshort-wchar' switch causes GCC to generate code
+ that is not binary compatible with code generated without that
+ switch. Use it to conform to a non-default application binary
+ interface.
+
+`-fno-common'
+ In C code, controls the placement of uninitialized global
+ variables. Unix C compilers have traditionally permitted multiple
+ definitions of such variables in different compilation units by
+ placing the variables in a common block. This is the behavior
+ specified by `-fcommon', and is the default for GCC on most
+ targets. On the other hand, this behavior is not required by ISO
+ C, and on some targets may carry a speed or code size penalty on
+ variable references. The `-fno-common' option specifies that the
+ compiler should place uninitialized global variables in the data
+ section of the object file, rather than generating them as common
+ blocks. This has the effect that if the same variable is declared
+ (without `extern') in two different compilations, you will get a
+ multiple-definition error when you link them. In this case, you
+ must compile with `-fcommon' instead. Compiling with
+ `-fno-common' is useful on targets for which it provides better
+ performance, or if you wish to verify that the program will work
+ on other systems which always treat uninitialized variable
+ declarations this way.
+
+`-fno-ident'
+ Ignore the `#ident' directive.
+
+`-finhibit-size-directive'
+ Don't output a `.size' assembler directive, or anything else that
+ would cause trouble if the function is split in the middle, and the
+ two halves are placed at locations far apart in memory. This
+ option is used when compiling `crtstuff.c'; you should not need to
+ use it for anything else.
+
+`-fverbose-asm'
+ Put extra commentary information in the generated assembly code to
+ make it more readable. This option is generally only of use to
+ those who actually need to read the generated assembly code
+ (perhaps while debugging the compiler itself).
+
+ `-fno-verbose-asm', the default, causes the extra information to
+ be omitted and is useful when comparing two assembler files.
+
+`-frecord-gcc-switches'
+ This switch causes the command line that was used to invoke the
+ compiler to be recorded into the object file that is being created.
+ This switch is only implemented on some targets and the exact
+ format of the recording is target and binary file format
+ dependent, but it usually takes the form of a section containing
+ ASCII text. This switch is related to the `-fverbose-asm' switch,
+ but that switch only records information in the assembler output
+ file as comments, so it never reaches the object file.
+
+`-fpic'
+ Generate position-independent code (PIC) suitable for use in a
+ shared library, if supported for the target machine. Such code
+ accesses all constant addresses through a global offset table
+ (GOT). The dynamic loader resolves the GOT entries when the
+ program starts (the dynamic loader is not part of GCC; it is part
+ of the operating system). If the GOT size for the linked
+ executable exceeds a machine-specific maximum size, you get an
+ error message from the linker indicating that `-fpic' does not
+ work; in that case, recompile with `-fPIC' instead. (These
+ maximums are 8k on the SPARC and 32k on the m68k and RS/6000. The
+ 386 has no such limit.)
+
+ Position-independent code requires special support, and therefore
+ works only on certain machines. For the 386, GCC supports PIC for
+ System V but not for the Sun 386i. Code generated for the IBM
+ RS/6000 is always position-independent.
+
+ When this flag is set, the macros `__pic__' and `__PIC__' are
+ defined to 1.
+
+`-fPIC'
+ If supported for the target machine, emit position-independent
+ code, suitable for dynamic linking and avoiding any limit on the
+ size of the global offset table. This option makes a difference
+ on the m68k, PowerPC and SPARC.
+
+ Position-independent code requires special support, and therefore
+ works only on certain machines.
+
+ When this flag is set, the macros `__pic__' and `__PIC__' are
+ defined to 2.
+
+`-fpie'
+`-fPIE'
+ These options are similar to `-fpic' and `-fPIC', but generated
+ position independent code can be only linked into executables.
+ Usually these options are used when `-pie' GCC option will be used
+ during linking.
+
+ `-fpie' and `-fPIE' both define the macros `__pie__' and
+ `__PIE__'. The macros have the value 1 for `-fpie' and 2 for
+ `-fPIE'.
+
+`-fno-jump-tables'
+ Do not use jump tables for switch statements even where it would be
+ more efficient than other code generation strategies. This option
+ is of use in conjunction with `-fpic' or `-fPIC' for building code
+ which forms part of a dynamic linker and cannot reference the
+ address of a jump table. On some targets, jump tables do not
+ require a GOT and this option is not needed.
+
+`-ffixed-REG'
+ Treat the register named REG as a fixed register; generated code
+ should never refer to it (except perhaps as a stack pointer, frame
+ pointer or in some other fixed role).
+
+ REG must be the name of a register. The register names accepted
+ are machine-specific and are defined in the `REGISTER_NAMES' macro
+ in the machine description macro file.
+
+ This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+ three-way choice.
+
+`-fcall-used-REG'
+ Treat the register named REG as an allocable register that is
+ clobbered by function calls. It may be allocated for temporaries
+ or variables that do not live across a call. Functions compiled
+ this way will not save and restore the register REG.
+
+ It is an error to used this flag with the frame pointer or stack
+ pointer. Use of this flag for other registers that have fixed
+ pervasive roles in the machine's execution model will produce
+ disastrous results.
+
+ This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+ three-way choice.
+
+`-fcall-saved-REG'
+ Treat the register named REG as an allocable register saved by
+ functions. It may be allocated even for temporaries or variables
+ that live across a call. Functions compiled this way will save
+ and restore the register REG if they use it.
+
+ It is an error to used this flag with the frame pointer or stack
+ pointer. Use of this flag for other registers that have fixed
+ pervasive roles in the machine's execution model will produce
+ disastrous results.
+
+ A different sort of disaster will result from the use of this flag
+ for a register in which function values may be returned.
+
+ This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+ three-way choice.
+
+`-fpack-struct[=N]'
+ Without a value specified, pack all structure members together
+ without holes. When a value is specified (which must be a small
+ power of two), pack structure members according to this value,
+ representing the maximum alignment (that is, objects with default
+ alignment requirements larger than this will be output potentially
+ unaligned at the next fitting location.
+
+ *Warning:* the `-fpack-struct' switch causes GCC to generate code
+ that is not binary compatible with code generated without that
+ switch. Additionally, it makes the code suboptimal. Use it to
+ conform to a non-default application binary interface.
+
+`-finstrument-functions'
+ Generate instrumentation calls for entry and exit to functions.
+ Just after function entry and just before function exit, the
+ following profiling functions will be called with the address of
+ the current function and its call site. (On some platforms,
+ `__builtin_return_address' does not work beyond the current
+ function, so the call site information may not be available to the
+ profiling functions otherwise.)
+
+ void __cyg_profile_func_enter (void *this_fn,
+ void *call_site);
+ void __cyg_profile_func_exit (void *this_fn,
+ void *call_site);
+
+ The first argument is the address of the start of the current
+ function, which may be looked up exactly in the symbol table.
+
+ This instrumentation is also done for functions expanded inline in
+ other functions. The profiling calls will indicate where,
+ conceptually, the inline function is entered and exited. This
+ means that addressable versions of such functions must be
+ available. If all your uses of a function are expanded inline,
+ this may mean an additional expansion of code size. If you use
+ `extern inline' in your C code, an addressable version of such
+ functions must be provided. (This is normally the case anyways,
+ but if you get lucky and the optimizer always expands the
+ functions inline, you might have gotten away without providing
+ static copies.)
+
+ A function may be given the attribute `no_instrument_function', in
+ which case this instrumentation will not be done. This can be
+ used, for example, for the profiling functions listed above,
+ high-priority interrupt routines, and any functions from which the
+ profiling functions cannot safely be called (perhaps signal
+ handlers, if the profiling routines generate output or allocate
+ memory).
+
+`-finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list=FILE,FILE,...'
+ Set the list of functions that are excluded from instrumentation
+ (see the description of `-finstrument-functions'). If the file
+ that contains a function definition matches with one of FILE, then
+ that function is not instrumented. The match is done on
+ substrings: if the FILE parameter is a substring of the file name,
+ it is considered to be a match.
+
+ For example,
+ `-finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list=/bits/stl,include/sys'
+ will exclude any inline function defined in files whose pathnames
+ contain `/bits/stl' or `include/sys'.
+
+ If, for some reason, you want to include letter `','' in one of
+ SYM, write `'\,''. For example,
+ `-finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list='\,\,tmp'' (note the
+ single quote surrounding the option).
+
+`-finstrument-functions-exclude-function-list=SYM,SYM,...'
+ This is similar to `-finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list', but
+ this option sets the list of function names to be excluded from
+ instrumentation. The function name to be matched is its
+ user-visible name, such as `vector<int> blah(const vector<int>
+ &)', not the internal mangled name (e.g.,
+ `_Z4blahRSt6vectorIiSaIiEE'). The match is done on substrings: if
+ the SYM parameter is a substring of the function name, it is
+ considered to be a match.
+
+`-fstack-check'
+ Generate code to verify that you do not go beyond the boundary of
+ the stack. You should specify this flag if you are running in an
+ environment with multiple threads, but only rarely need to specify
+ it in a single-threaded environment since stack overflow is
+ automatically detected on nearly all systems if there is only one
+ stack.
+
+ Note that this switch does not actually cause checking to be done;
+ the operating system or the language runtime must do that. The
+ switch causes generation of code to ensure that they see the stack
+ being extended.
+
+ You can additionally specify a string parameter: `no' means no
+ checking, `generic' means force the use of old-style checking,
+ `specific' means use the best checking method and is equivalent to
+ bare `-fstack-check'.
+
+ Old-style checking is a generic mechanism that requires no specific
+ target support in the compiler but comes with the following
+ drawbacks:
+
+ 1. Modified allocation strategy for large objects: they will
+ always be allocated dynamically if their size exceeds a fixed
+ threshold.
+
+ 2. Fixed limit on the size of the static frame of functions:
+ when it is topped by a particular function, stack checking is
+ not reliable and a warning is issued by the compiler.
+
+ 3. Inefficiency: because of both the modified allocation
+ strategy and the generic implementation, the performances of
+ the code are hampered.
+
+ Note that old-style stack checking is also the fallback method for
+ `specific' if no target support has been added in the compiler.
+
+`-fstack-limit-register=REG'
+`-fstack-limit-symbol=SYM'
+`-fno-stack-limit'
+ Generate code to ensure that the stack does not grow beyond a
+ certain value, either the value of a register or the address of a
+ symbol. If the stack would grow beyond the value, a signal is
+ raised. For most targets, the signal is raised before the stack
+ overruns the boundary, so it is possible to catch the signal
+ without taking special precautions.
+
+ For instance, if the stack starts at absolute address `0x80000000'
+ and grows downwards, you can use the flags
+ `-fstack-limit-symbol=__stack_limit' and
+ `-Wl,--defsym,__stack_limit=0x7ffe0000' to enforce a stack limit
+ of 128KB. Note that this may only work with the GNU linker.
+
+`-fargument-alias'
+`-fargument-noalias'
+`-fargument-noalias-global'
+`-fargument-noalias-anything'
+ Specify the possible relationships among parameters and between
+ parameters and global data.
+
+ `-fargument-alias' specifies that arguments (parameters) may alias
+ each other and may alias global storage.
+ `-fargument-noalias' specifies that arguments do not alias each
+ other, but may alias global storage.
+ `-fargument-noalias-global' specifies that arguments do not alias
+ each other and do not alias global storage.
+ `-fargument-noalias-anything' specifies that arguments do not
+ alias any other storage.
+
+ Each language will automatically use whatever option is required by
+ the language standard. You should not need to use these options
+ yourself.
+
+`-fleading-underscore'
+ This option and its counterpart, `-fno-leading-underscore',
+ forcibly change the way C symbols are represented in the object
+ file. One use is to help link with legacy assembly code.
+
+ *Warning:* the `-fleading-underscore' switch causes GCC to
+ generate code that is not binary compatible with code generated
+ without that switch. Use it to conform to a non-default
+ application binary interface. Not all targets provide complete
+ support for this switch.
+
+`-ftls-model=MODEL'
+ Alter the thread-local storage model to be used (*note
+ Thread-Local::). The MODEL argument should be one of
+ `global-dynamic', `local-dynamic', `initial-exec' or `local-exec'.
+
+ The default without `-fpic' is `initial-exec'; with `-fpic' the
+ default is `global-dynamic'.
+
+`-fvisibility=DEFAULT|INTERNAL|HIDDEN|PROTECTED'
+ Set the default ELF image symbol visibility to the specified
+ option--all symbols will be marked with this unless overridden
+ within the code. Using this feature can very substantially
+ improve linking and load times of shared object libraries, produce
+ more optimized code, provide near-perfect API export and prevent
+ symbol clashes. It is *strongly* recommended that you use this in
+ any shared objects you distribute.
+
+ Despite the nomenclature, `default' always means public ie;
+ available to be linked against from outside the shared object.
+ `protected' and `internal' are pretty useless in real-world usage
+ so the only other commonly used option will be `hidden'. The
+ default if `-fvisibility' isn't specified is `default', i.e., make
+ every symbol public--this causes the same behavior as previous
+ versions of GCC.
+
+ A good explanation of the benefits offered by ensuring ELF symbols
+ have the correct visibility is given by "How To Write Shared
+ Libraries" by Ulrich Drepper (which can be found at
+ `http://people.redhat.com/~drepper/')--however a superior solution
+ made possible by this option to marking things hidden when the
+ default is public is to make the default hidden and mark things
+ public. This is the norm with DLL's on Windows and with
+ `-fvisibility=hidden' and `__attribute__
+ ((visibility("default")))' instead of `__declspec(dllexport)' you
+ get almost identical semantics with identical syntax. This is a
+ great boon to those working with cross-platform projects.
+
+ For those adding visibility support to existing code, you may find
+ `#pragma GCC visibility' of use. This works by you enclosing the
+ declarations you wish to set visibility for with (for example)
+ `#pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)' and `#pragma GCC visibility
+ pop'. Bear in mind that symbol visibility should be viewed *as
+ part of the API interface contract* and thus all new code should
+ always specify visibility when it is not the default ie;
+ declarations only for use within the local DSO should *always* be
+ marked explicitly as hidden as so to avoid PLT indirection
+ overheads--making this abundantly clear also aids readability and
+ self-documentation of the code. Note that due to ISO C++
+ specification requirements, operator new and operator delete must
+ always be of default visibility.
+
+ Be aware that headers from outside your project, in particular
+ system headers and headers from any other library you use, may not
+ be expecting to be compiled with visibility other than the
+ default. You may need to explicitly say `#pragma GCC visibility
+ push(default)' before including any such headers.
+
+ `extern' declarations are not affected by `-fvisibility', so a lot
+ of code can be recompiled with `-fvisibility=hidden' with no
+ modifications. However, this means that calls to `extern'
+ functions with no explicit visibility will use the PLT, so it is
+ more effective to use `__attribute ((visibility))' and/or `#pragma
+ GCC visibility' to tell the compiler which `extern' declarations
+ should be treated as hidden.
+
+ Note that `-fvisibility' does affect C++ vague linkage entities.
+ This means that, for instance, an exception class that will be
+ thrown between DSOs must be explicitly marked with default
+ visibility so that the `type_info' nodes will be unified between
+ the DSOs.
+
+ An overview of these techniques, their benefits and how to use them
+ is at `http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/Visibility'.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Environment Variables, Next: Precompiled Headers, Prev: Code Gen Options, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.19 Environment Variables Affecting GCC
+========================================
+
+This section describes several environment variables that affect how GCC
+operates. Some of them work by specifying directories or prefixes to
+use when searching for various kinds of files. Some are used to
+specify other aspects of the compilation environment.
+
+ Note that you can also specify places to search using options such as
+`-B', `-I' and `-L' (*note Directory Options::). These take precedence
+over places specified using environment variables, which in turn take
+precedence over those specified by the configuration of GCC. *Note
+Controlling the Compilation Driver `gcc': (gccint)Driver.
+
+`LANG'
+`LC_CTYPE'
+`LC_MESSAGES'
+`LC_ALL'
+ These environment variables control the way that GCC uses
+ localization information that allow GCC to work with different
+ national conventions. GCC inspects the locale categories
+ `LC_CTYPE' and `LC_MESSAGES' if it has been configured to do so.
+ These locale categories can be set to any value supported by your
+ installation. A typical value is `en_GB.UTF-8' for English in the
+ United Kingdom encoded in UTF-8.
+
+ The `LC_CTYPE' environment variable specifies character
+ classification. GCC uses it to determine the character boundaries
+ in a string; this is needed for some multibyte encodings that
+ contain quote and escape characters that would otherwise be
+ interpreted as a string end or escape.
+
+ The `LC_MESSAGES' environment variable specifies the language to
+ use in diagnostic messages.
+
+ If the `LC_ALL' environment variable is set, it overrides the value
+ of `LC_CTYPE' and `LC_MESSAGES'; otherwise, `LC_CTYPE' and
+ `LC_MESSAGES' default to the value of the `LANG' environment
+ variable. If none of these variables are set, GCC defaults to
+ traditional C English behavior.
+
+`TMPDIR'
+ If `TMPDIR' is set, it specifies the directory to use for temporary
+ files. GCC uses temporary files to hold the output of one stage of
+ compilation which is to be used as input to the next stage: for
+ example, the output of the preprocessor, which is the input to the
+ compiler proper.
+
+`GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'
+ If `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX' is set, it specifies a prefix to use in the
+ names of the subprograms executed by the compiler. No slash is
+ added when this prefix is combined with the name of a subprogram,
+ but you can specify a prefix that ends with a slash if you wish.
+
+ If `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX' is not set, GCC will attempt to figure out an
+ appropriate prefix to use based on the pathname it was invoked
+ with.
+
+ If GCC cannot find the subprogram using the specified prefix, it
+ tries looking in the usual places for the subprogram.
+
+ The default value of `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX' is `PREFIX/lib/gcc/' where
+ PREFIX is the prefix to the installed compiler. In many cases
+ PREFIX is the value of `prefix' when you ran the `configure'
+ script.
+
+ Other prefixes specified with `-B' take precedence over this
+ prefix.
+
+ This prefix is also used for finding files such as `crt0.o' that
+ are used for linking.
+
+ In addition, the prefix is used in an unusual way in finding the
+ directories to search for header files. For each of the standard
+ directories whose name normally begins with `/usr/local/lib/gcc'
+ (more precisely, with the value of `GCC_INCLUDE_DIR'), GCC tries
+ replacing that beginning with the specified prefix to produce an
+ alternate directory name. Thus, with `-Bfoo/', GCC will search
+ `foo/bar' where it would normally search `/usr/local/lib/bar'.
+ These alternate directories are searched first; the standard
+ directories come next. If a standard directory begins with the
+ configured PREFIX then the value of PREFIX is replaced by
+ `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX' when looking for header files.
+
+`COMPILER_PATH'
+ The value of `COMPILER_PATH' is a colon-separated list of
+ directories, much like `PATH'. GCC tries the directories thus
+ specified when searching for subprograms, if it can't find the
+ subprograms using `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'.
+
+`LIBRARY_PATH'
+ The value of `LIBRARY_PATH' is a colon-separated list of
+ directories, much like `PATH'. When configured as a native
+ compiler, GCC tries the directories thus specified when searching
+ for special linker files, if it can't find them using
+ `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'. Linking using GCC also uses these directories
+ when searching for ordinary libraries for the `-l' option (but
+ directories specified with `-L' come first).
+
+`LANG'
+ This variable is used to pass locale information to the compiler.
+ One way in which this information is used is to determine the
+ character set to be used when character literals, string literals
+ and comments are parsed in C and C++. When the compiler is
+ configured to allow multibyte characters, the following values for
+ `LANG' are recognized:
+
+ `C-JIS'
+ Recognize JIS characters.
+
+ `C-SJIS'
+ Recognize SJIS characters.
+
+ `C-EUCJP'
+ Recognize EUCJP characters.
+
+ If `LANG' is not defined, or if it has some other value, then the
+ compiler will use mblen and mbtowc as defined by the default
+ locale to recognize and translate multibyte characters.
+
+Some additional environments variables affect the behavior of the
+preprocessor.
+
+`CPATH'
+`C_INCLUDE_PATH'
+`CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH'
+`OBJC_INCLUDE_PATH'
+ Each variable's value is a list of directories separated by a
+ special character, much like `PATH', in which to look for header
+ files. The special character, `PATH_SEPARATOR', is
+ target-dependent and determined at GCC build time. For Microsoft
+ Windows-based targets it is a semicolon, and for almost all other
+ targets it is a colon.
+
+ `CPATH' specifies a list of directories to be searched as if
+ specified with `-I', but after any paths given with `-I' options
+ on the command line. This environment variable is used regardless
+ of which language is being preprocessed.
+
+ The remaining environment variables apply only when preprocessing
+ the particular language indicated. Each specifies a list of
+ directories to be searched as if specified with `-isystem', but
+ after any paths given with `-isystem' options on the command line.
+
+ In all these variables, an empty element instructs the compiler to
+ search its current working directory. Empty elements can appear
+ at the beginning or end of a path. For instance, if the value of
+ `CPATH' is `:/special/include', that has the same effect as
+ `-I. -I/special/include'.
+
+`DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT'
+ If this variable is set, its value specifies how to output
+ dependencies for Make based on the non-system header files
+ processed by the compiler. System header files are ignored in the
+ dependency output.
+
+ The value of `DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT' can be just a file name, in
+ which case the Make rules are written to that file, guessing the
+ target name from the source file name. Or the value can have the
+ form `FILE TARGET', in which case the rules are written to file
+ FILE using TARGET as the target name.
+
+ In other words, this environment variable is equivalent to
+ combining the options `-MM' and `-MF' (*note Preprocessor
+ Options::), with an optional `-MT' switch too.
+
+`SUNPRO_DEPENDENCIES'
+ This variable is the same as `DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT' (see above),
+ except that system header files are not ignored, so it implies
+ `-M' rather than `-MM'. However, the dependence on the main input
+ file is omitted. *Note Preprocessor Options::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Precompiled Headers, Next: Running Protoize, Prev: Environment Variables, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.20 Using Precompiled Headers
+==============================
+
+Often large projects have many header files that are included in every
+source file. The time the compiler takes to process these header files
+over and over again can account for nearly all of the time required to
+build the project. To make builds faster, GCC allows users to
+`precompile' a header file; then, if builds can use the precompiled
+header file they will be much faster.
+
+ To create a precompiled header file, simply compile it as you would any
+other file, if necessary using the `-x' option to make the driver treat
+it as a C or C++ header file. You will probably want to use a tool
+like `make' to keep the precompiled header up-to-date when the headers
+it contains change.
+
+ A precompiled header file will be searched for when `#include' is seen
+in the compilation. As it searches for the included file (*note Search
+Path: (cpp)Search Path.) the compiler looks for a precompiled header in
+each directory just before it looks for the include file in that
+directory. The name searched for is the name specified in the
+`#include' with `.gch' appended. If the precompiled header file can't
+be used, it is ignored.
+
+ For instance, if you have `#include "all.h"', and you have `all.h.gch'
+in the same directory as `all.h', then the precompiled header file will
+be used if possible, and the original header will be used otherwise.
+
+ Alternatively, you might decide to put the precompiled header file in a
+directory and use `-I' to ensure that directory is searched before (or
+instead of) the directory containing the original header. Then, if you
+want to check that the precompiled header file is always used, you can
+put a file of the same name as the original header in this directory
+containing an `#error' command.
+
+ This also works with `-include'. So yet another way to use
+precompiled headers, good for projects not designed with precompiled
+header files in mind, is to simply take most of the header files used by
+a project, include them from another header file, precompile that header
+file, and `-include' the precompiled header. If the header files have
+guards against multiple inclusion, they will be skipped because they've
+already been included (in the precompiled header).
+
+ If you need to precompile the same header file for different
+languages, targets, or compiler options, you can instead make a
+_directory_ named like `all.h.gch', and put each precompiled header in
+the directory, perhaps using `-o'. It doesn't matter what you call the
+files in the directory, every precompiled header in the directory will
+be considered. The first precompiled header encountered in the
+directory that is valid for this compilation will be used; they're
+searched in no particular order.
+
+ There are many other possibilities, limited only by your imagination,
+good sense, and the constraints of your build system.
+
+ A precompiled header file can be used only when these conditions apply:
+
+ * Only one precompiled header can be used in a particular
+ compilation.
+
+ * A precompiled header can't be used once the first C token is seen.
+ You can have preprocessor directives before a precompiled header;
+ you can even include a precompiled header from inside another
+ header, so long as there are no C tokens before the `#include'.
+
+ * The precompiled header file must be produced for the same language
+ as the current compilation. You can't use a C precompiled header
+ for a C++ compilation.
+
+ * The precompiled header file must have been produced by the same
+ compiler binary as the current compilation is using.
+
+ * Any macros defined before the precompiled header is included must
+ either be defined in the same way as when the precompiled header
+ was generated, or must not affect the precompiled header, which
+ usually means that they don't appear in the precompiled header at
+ all.
+
+ The `-D' option is one way to define a macro before a precompiled
+ header is included; using a `#define' can also do it. There are
+ also some options that define macros implicitly, like `-O' and
+ `-Wdeprecated'; the same rule applies to macros defined this way.
+
+ * If debugging information is output when using the precompiled
+ header, using `-g' or similar, the same kind of debugging
+ information must have been output when building the precompiled
+ header. However, a precompiled header built using `-g' can be
+ used in a compilation when no debugging information is being
+ output.
+
+ * The same `-m' options must generally be used when building and
+ using the precompiled header. *Note Submodel Options::, for any
+ cases where this rule is relaxed.
+
+ * Each of the following options must be the same when building and
+ using the precompiled header:
+
+ -fexceptions
+
+ * Some other command-line options starting with `-f', `-p', or `-O'
+ must be defined in the same way as when the precompiled header was
+ generated. At present, it's not clear which options are safe to
+ change and which are not; the safest choice is to use exactly the
+ same options when generating and using the precompiled header.
+ The following are known to be safe:
+
+ -fmessage-length= -fpreprocessed -fsched-interblock
+ -fsched-spec -fsched-spec-load -fsched-spec-load-dangerous
+ -fsched-verbose=<number> -fschedule-insns -fvisibility=
+ -pedantic-errors
+
+
+ For all of these except the last, the compiler will automatically
+ignore the precompiled header if the conditions aren't met. If you
+find an option combination that doesn't work and doesn't cause the
+precompiled header to be ignored, please consider filing a bug report,
+see *note Bugs::.
+
+ If you do use differing options when generating and using the
+precompiled header, the actual behavior will be a mixture of the
+behavior for the options. For instance, if you use `-g' to generate
+the precompiled header but not when using it, you may or may not get
+debugging information for routines in the precompiled header.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Running Protoize, Prev: Precompiled Headers, Up: Invoking GCC
+
+3.21 Running Protoize
+=====================
+
+The program `protoize' is an optional part of GCC. You can use it to
+add prototypes to a program, thus converting the program to ISO C in
+one respect. The companion program `unprotoize' does the reverse: it
+removes argument types from any prototypes that are found.
+
+ When you run these programs, you must specify a set of source files as
+command line arguments. The conversion programs start out by compiling
+these files to see what functions they define. The information gathered
+about a file FOO is saved in a file named `FOO.X'.
+
+ After scanning comes actual conversion. The specified files are all
+eligible to be converted; any files they include (whether sources or
+just headers) are eligible as well.
+
+ But not all the eligible files are converted. By default, `protoize'
+and `unprotoize' convert only source and header files in the current
+directory. You can specify additional directories whose files should
+be converted with the `-d DIRECTORY' option. You can also specify
+particular files to exclude with the `-x FILE' option. A file is
+converted if it is eligible, its directory name matches one of the
+specified directory names, and its name within the directory has not
+been excluded.
+
+ Basic conversion with `protoize' consists of rewriting most function
+definitions and function declarations to specify the types of the
+arguments. The only ones not rewritten are those for varargs functions.
+
+ `protoize' optionally inserts prototype declarations at the beginning
+of the source file, to make them available for any calls that precede
+the function's definition. Or it can insert prototype declarations
+with block scope in the blocks where undeclared functions are called.
+
+ Basic conversion with `unprotoize' consists of rewriting most function
+declarations to remove any argument types, and rewriting function
+definitions to the old-style pre-ISO form.
+
+ Both conversion programs print a warning for any function declaration
+or definition that they can't convert. You can suppress these warnings
+with `-q'.
+
+ The output from `protoize' or `unprotoize' replaces the original
+source file. The original file is renamed to a name ending with
+`.save' (for DOS, the saved filename ends in `.sav' without the
+original `.c' suffix). If the `.save' (`.sav' for DOS) file already
+exists, then the source file is simply discarded.
+
+ `protoize' and `unprotoize' both depend on GCC itself to scan the
+program and collect information about the functions it uses. So
+neither of these programs will work until GCC is installed.
+
+ Here is a table of the options you can use with `protoize' and
+`unprotoize'. Each option works with both programs unless otherwise
+stated.
+
+`-B DIRECTORY'
+ Look for the file `SYSCALLS.c.X' in DIRECTORY, instead of the
+ usual directory (normally `/usr/local/lib'). This file contains
+ prototype information about standard system functions. This option
+ applies only to `protoize'.
+
+`-c COMPILATION-OPTIONS'
+ Use COMPILATION-OPTIONS as the options when running `gcc' to
+ produce the `.X' files. The special option `-aux-info' is always
+ passed in addition, to tell `gcc' to write a `.X' file.
+
+ Note that the compilation options must be given as a single
+ argument to `protoize' or `unprotoize'. If you want to specify
+ several `gcc' options, you must quote the entire set of
+ compilation options to make them a single word in the shell.
+
+ There are certain `gcc' arguments that you cannot use, because they
+ would produce the wrong kind of output. These include `-g', `-O',
+ `-c', `-S', and `-o' If you include these in the
+ COMPILATION-OPTIONS, they are ignored.
+
+`-C'
+ Rename files to end in `.C' (`.cc' for DOS-based file systems)
+ instead of `.c'. This is convenient if you are converting a C
+ program to C++. This option applies only to `protoize'.
+
+`-g'
+ Add explicit global declarations. This means inserting explicit
+ declarations at the beginning of each source file for each function
+ that is called in the file and was not declared. These
+ declarations precede the first function definition that contains a
+ call to an undeclared function. This option applies only to
+ `protoize'.
+
+`-i STRING'
+ Indent old-style parameter declarations with the string STRING.
+ This option applies only to `protoize'.
+
+ `unprotoize' converts prototyped function definitions to old-style
+ function definitions, where the arguments are declared between the
+ argument list and the initial `{'. By default, `unprotoize' uses
+ five spaces as the indentation. If you want to indent with just
+ one space instead, use `-i " "'.
+
+`-k'
+ Keep the `.X' files. Normally, they are deleted after conversion
+ is finished.
+
+`-l'
+ Add explicit local declarations. `protoize' with `-l' inserts a
+ prototype declaration for each function in each block which calls
+ the function without any declaration. This option applies only to
+ `protoize'.
+
+`-n'
+ Make no real changes. This mode just prints information about the
+ conversions that would have been done without `-n'.
+
+`-N'
+ Make no `.save' files. The original files are simply deleted.
+ Use this option with caution.
+
+`-p PROGRAM'
+ Use the program PROGRAM as the compiler. Normally, the name `gcc'
+ is used.
+
+`-q'
+ Work quietly. Most warnings are suppressed.
+
+`-v'
+ Print the version number, just like `-v' for `gcc'.
+
+ If you need special compiler options to compile one of your program's
+source files, then you should generate that file's `.X' file specially,
+by running `gcc' on that source file with the appropriate options and
+the option `-aux-info'. Then run `protoize' on the entire set of
+files. `protoize' will use the existing `.X' file because it is newer
+than the source file. For example:
+
+ gcc -Dfoo=bar file1.c -aux-info file1.X
+ protoize *.c
+
+You need to include the special files along with the rest in the
+`protoize' command, even though their `.X' files already exist, because
+otherwise they won't get converted.
+
+ *Note Protoize Caveats::, for more information on how to use
+`protoize' successfully.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C Implementation, Next: C Extensions, Prev: Invoking GCC, Up: Top
+
+4 C Implementation-defined behavior
+***********************************
+
+A conforming implementation of ISO C is required to document its choice
+of behavior in each of the areas that are designated "implementation
+defined". The following lists all such areas, along with the section
+numbers from the ISO/IEC 9899:1990 and ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standards.
+Some areas are only implementation-defined in one version of the
+standard.
+
+ Some choices depend on the externally determined ABI for the platform
+(including standard character encodings) which GCC follows; these are
+listed as "determined by ABI" below. *Note Binary Compatibility:
+Compatibility, and `http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html'. Some choices
+are documented in the preprocessor manual. *Note
+Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined behavior.
+Some choices are made by the library and operating system (or other
+environment when compiling for a freestanding environment); refer to
+their documentation for details.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Translation implementation::
+* Environment implementation::
+* Identifiers implementation::
+* Characters implementation::
+* Integers implementation::
+* Floating point implementation::
+* Arrays and pointers implementation::
+* Hints implementation::
+* Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation::
+* Qualifiers implementation::
+* Declarators implementation::
+* Statements implementation::
+* Preprocessing directives implementation::
+* Library functions implementation::
+* Architecture implementation::
+* Locale-specific behavior implementation::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Translation implementation, Next: Environment implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.1 Translation
+===============
+
+ * `How a diagnostic is identified (C90 3.7, C99 3.10, C90 and C99
+ 5.1.1.3).'
+
+ Diagnostics consist of all the output sent to stderr by GCC.
+
+ * `Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other
+ than new-line is retained or replaced by one space character in
+ translation phase 3 (C90 and C99 5.1.1.2).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Environment implementation, Next: Identifiers implementation, Prev: Translation implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.2 Environment
+===============
+
+The behavior of most of these points are dependent on the implementation
+of the C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
+
+ * `The mapping between physical source file multibyte characters and
+ the source character set in translation phase 1 (C90 and C99
+ 5.1.1.2).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Identifiers implementation, Next: Characters implementation, Prev: Environment implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.3 Identifiers
+===============
+
+ * `Which additional multibyte characters may appear in identifiers
+ and their correspondence to universal character names (C99 6.4.2).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+ * `The number of significant initial characters in an identifier
+ (C90 6.1.2, C90 and C99 5.2.4.1, C99 6.4.2).'
+
+ For internal names, all characters are significant. For external
+ names, the number of significant characters are defined by the
+ linker; for almost all targets, all characters are significant.
+
+ * `Whether case distinctions are significant in an identifier with
+ external linkage (C90 6.1.2).'
+
+ This is a property of the linker. C99 requires that case
+ distinctions are always significant in identifiers with external
+ linkage and systems without this property are not supported by GCC.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Characters implementation, Next: Integers implementation, Prev: Identifiers implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.4 Characters
+==============
+
+ * `The number of bits in a byte (C90 3.4, C99 3.6).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The values of the members of the execution character set (C90 and
+ C99 5.2.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The unique value of the member of the execution character set
+ produced for each of the standard alphabetic escape sequences (C90
+ and C99 5.2.2).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The value of a `char' object into which has been stored any
+ character other than a member of the basic execution character set
+ (C90 6.1.2.5, C99 6.2.5).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `Which of `signed char' or `unsigned char' has the same range,
+ representation, and behavior as "plain" `char' (C90 6.1.2.5, C90
+ 6.2.1.1, C99 6.2.5, C99 6.3.1.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI. The options `-funsigned-char' and
+ `-fsigned-char' change the default. *Note Options Controlling C
+ Dialect: C Dialect Options.
+
+ * `The mapping of members of the source character set (in character
+ constants and string literals) to members of the execution
+ character set (C90 6.1.3.4, C99 6.4.4.4, C90 and C99 5.1.1.2).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The value of an integer character constant containing more than
+ one character or containing a character or escape sequence that
+ does not map to a single-byte execution character (C90 6.1.3.4,
+ C99 6.4.4.4).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+ * `The value of a wide character constant containing more than one
+ multibyte character, or containing a multibyte character or escape
+ sequence not represented in the extended execution character set
+ (C90 6.1.3.4, C99 6.4.4.4).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+ * `The current locale used to convert a wide character constant
+ consisting of a single multibyte character that maps to a member
+ of the extended execution character set into a corresponding wide
+ character code (C90 6.1.3.4, C99 6.4.4.4).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+ * `The current locale used to convert a wide string literal into
+ corresponding wide character codes (C90 6.1.4, C99 6.4.5).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+ * `The value of a string literal containing a multibyte character or
+ escape sequence not represented in the execution character set
+ (C90 6.1.4, C99 6.4.5).'
+
+ *Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+ behavior.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Integers implementation, Next: Floating point implementation, Prev: Characters implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.5 Integers
+============
+
+ * `Any extended integer types that exist in the implementation (C99
+ 6.2.5).'
+
+ GCC does not support any extended integer types.
+
+ * `Whether signed integer types are represented using sign and
+ magnitude, two's complement, or one's complement, and whether the
+ extraordinary value is a trap representation or an ordinary value
+ (C99 6.2.6.2).'
+
+ GCC supports only two's complement integer types, and all bit
+ patterns are ordinary values.
+
+ * `The rank of any extended integer type relative to another extended
+ integer type with the same precision (C99 6.3.1.1).'
+
+ GCC does not support any extended integer types.
+
+ * `The result of, or the signal raised by, converting an integer to a
+ signed integer type when the value cannot be represented in an
+ object of that type (C90 6.2.1.2, C99 6.3.1.3).'
+
+ For conversion to a type of width N, the value is reduced modulo
+ 2^N to be within range of the type; no signal is raised.
+
+ * `The results of some bitwise operations on signed integers (C90
+ 6.3, C99 6.5).'
+
+ Bitwise operators act on the representation of the value including
+ both the sign and value bits, where the sign bit is considered
+ immediately above the highest-value value bit. Signed `>>' acts
+ on negative numbers by sign extension.
+
+ GCC does not use the latitude given in C99 only to treat certain
+ aspects of signed `<<' as undefined, but this is subject to change.
+
+ * `The sign of the remainder on integer division (C90 6.3.5).'
+
+ GCC always follows the C99 requirement that the result of division
+ is truncated towards zero.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Floating point implementation, Next: Arrays and pointers implementation, Prev: Integers implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.6 Floating point
+==================
+
+ * `The accuracy of the floating-point operations and of the library
+ functions in `<math.h>' and `<complex.h>' that return
+ floating-point results (C90 and C99 5.2.4.2.2).'
+
+ The accuracy is unknown.
+
+ * `The rounding behaviors characterized by non-standard values of
+ `FLT_ROUNDS' (C90 and C99 5.2.4.2.2).'
+
+ GCC does not use such values.
+
+ * `The evaluation methods characterized by non-standard negative
+ values of `FLT_EVAL_METHOD' (C99 5.2.4.2.2).'
+
+ GCC does not use such values.
+
+ * `The direction of rounding when an integer is converted to a
+ floating-point number that cannot exactly represent the original
+ value (C90 6.2.1.3, C99 6.3.1.4).'
+
+ C99 Annex F is followed.
+
+ * `The direction of rounding when a floating-point number is
+ converted to a narrower floating-point number (C90 6.2.1.4, C99
+ 6.3.1.5).'
+
+ C99 Annex F is followed.
+
+ * `How the nearest representable value or the larger or smaller
+ representable value immediately adjacent to the nearest
+ representable value is chosen for certain floating constants (C90
+ 6.1.3.1, C99 6.4.4.2).'
+
+ C99 Annex F is followed.
+
+ * `Whether and how floating expressions are contracted when not
+ disallowed by the `FP_CONTRACT' pragma (C99 6.5).'
+
+ Expressions are currently only contracted if
+ `-funsafe-math-optimizations' or `-ffast-math' are used. This is
+ subject to change.
+
+ * `The default state for the `FENV_ACCESS' pragma (C99 7.6.1).'
+
+ This pragma is not implemented, but the default is to "off" unless
+ `-frounding-math' is used in which case it is "on".
+
+ * `Additional floating-point exceptions, rounding modes,
+ environments, and classifications, and their macro names (C99 7.6,
+ C99 7.12).'
+
+ This is dependent on the implementation of the C library, and is
+ not defined by GCC itself.
+
+ * `The default state for the `FP_CONTRACT' pragma (C99 7.12.2).'
+
+ This pragma is not implemented. Expressions are currently only
+ contracted if `-funsafe-math-optimizations' or `-ffast-math' are
+ used. This is subject to change.
+
+ * `Whether the "inexact" floating-point exception can be raised when
+ the rounded result actually does equal the mathematical result in
+ an IEC 60559 conformant implementation (C99 F.9).'
+
+ This is dependent on the implementation of the C library, and is
+ not defined by GCC itself.
+
+ * `Whether the "underflow" (and "inexact") floating-point exception
+ can be raised when a result is tiny but not inexact in an IEC
+ 60559 conformant implementation (C99 F.9).'
+
+ This is dependent on the implementation of the C library, and is
+ not defined by GCC itself.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Arrays and pointers implementation, Next: Hints implementation, Prev: Floating point implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.7 Arrays and pointers
+=======================
+
+ * `The result of converting a pointer to an integer or vice versa
+ (C90 6.3.4, C99 6.3.2.3).'
+
+ A cast from pointer to integer discards most-significant bits if
+ the pointer representation is larger than the integer type,
+ sign-extends(1) if the pointer representation is smaller than the
+ integer type, otherwise the bits are unchanged.
+
+ A cast from integer to pointer discards most-significant bits if
+ the pointer representation is smaller than the integer type,
+ extends according to the signedness of the integer type if the
+ pointer representation is larger than the integer type, otherwise
+ the bits are unchanged.
+
+ When casting from pointer to integer and back again, the resulting
+ pointer must reference the same object as the original pointer,
+ otherwise the behavior is undefined. That is, one may not use
+ integer arithmetic to avoid the undefined behavior of pointer
+ arithmetic as proscribed in C99 6.5.6/8.
+
+ * `The size of the result of subtracting two pointers to elements of
+ the same array (C90 6.3.6, C99 6.5.6).'
+
+ The value is as specified in the standard and the type is
+ determined by the ABI.
+
+
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) Future versions of GCC may zero-extend, or use a target-defined
+`ptr_extend' pattern. Do not rely on sign extension.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Hints implementation, Next: Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation, Prev: Arrays and pointers implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.8 Hints
+=========
+
+ * `The extent to which suggestions made by using the `register'
+ storage-class specifier are effective (C90 6.5.1, C99 6.7.1).'
+
+ The `register' specifier affects code generation only in these
+ ways:
+
+ * When used as part of the register variable extension, see
+ *note Explicit Reg Vars::.
+
+ * When `-O0' is in use, the compiler allocates distinct stack
+ memory for all variables that do not have the `register'
+ storage-class specifier; if `register' is specified, the
+ variable may have a shorter lifespan than the code would
+ indicate and may never be placed in memory.
+
+ * On some rare x86 targets, `setjmp' doesn't save the registers
+ in all circumstances. In those cases, GCC doesn't allocate
+ any variables in registers unless they are marked `register'.
+
+
+ * `The extent to which suggestions made by using the inline function
+ specifier are effective (C99 6.7.4).'
+
+ GCC will not inline any functions if the `-fno-inline' option is
+ used or if `-O0' is used. Otherwise, GCC may still be unable to
+ inline a function for many reasons; the `-Winline' option may be
+ used to determine if a function has not been inlined and why not.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation, Next: Qualifiers implementation, Prev: Hints implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.9 Structures, unions, enumerations, and bit-fields
+====================================================
+
+ * `A member of a union object is accessed using a member of a
+ different type (C90 6.3.2.3).'
+
+ The relevant bytes of the representation of the object are treated
+ as an object of the type used for the access. *Note
+ Type-punning::. This may be a trap representation.
+
+ * `Whether a "plain" `int' bit-field is treated as a `signed int'
+ bit-field or as an `unsigned int' bit-field (C90 6.5.2, C90
+ 6.5.2.1, C99 6.7.2, C99 6.7.2.1).'
+
+ By default it is treated as `signed int' but this may be changed
+ by the `-funsigned-bitfields' option.
+
+ * `Allowable bit-field types other than `_Bool', `signed int', and
+ `unsigned int' (C99 6.7.2.1).'
+
+ No other types are permitted in strictly conforming mode.
+
+ * `Whether a bit-field can straddle a storage-unit boundary (C90
+ 6.5.2.1, C99 6.7.2.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The order of allocation of bit-fields within a unit (C90 6.5.2.1,
+ C99 6.7.2.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The alignment of non-bit-field members of structures (C90
+ 6.5.2.1, C99 6.7.2.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The integer type compatible with each enumerated type (C90
+ 6.5.2.2, C99 6.7.2.2).'
+
+ Normally, the type is `unsigned int' if there are no negative
+ values in the enumeration, otherwise `int'. If `-fshort-enums' is
+ specified, then if there are negative values it is the first of
+ `signed char', `short' and `int' that can represent all the
+ values, otherwise it is the first of `unsigned char', `unsigned
+ short' and `unsigned int' that can represent all the values.
+
+ On some targets, `-fshort-enums' is the default; this is
+ determined by the ABI.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Qualifiers implementation, Next: Declarators implementation, Prev: Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.10 Qualifiers
+===============
+
+ * `What constitutes an access to an object that has
+ volatile-qualified type (C90 6.5.3, C99 6.7.3).'
+
+ Such an object is normally accessed by pointers and used for
+ accessing hardware. In most expressions, it is intuitively
+ obvious what is a read and what is a write. For example
+
+ volatile int *dst = SOMEVALUE;
+ volatile int *src = SOMEOTHERVALUE;
+ *dst = *src;
+
+ will cause a read of the volatile object pointed to by SRC and
+ store the value into the volatile object pointed to by DST. There
+ is no guarantee that these reads and writes are atomic, especially
+ for objects larger than `int'.
+
+ However, if the volatile storage is not being modified, and the
+ value of the volatile storage is not used, then the situation is
+ less obvious. For example
+
+ volatile int *src = SOMEVALUE;
+ *src;
+
+ According to the C standard, such an expression is an rvalue whose
+ type is the unqualified version of its original type, i.e. `int'.
+ Whether GCC interprets this as a read of the volatile object being
+ pointed to or only as a request to evaluate the expression for its
+ side-effects depends on this type.
+
+ If it is a scalar type, or on most targets an aggregate type whose
+ only member object is of a scalar type, or a union type whose
+ member objects are of scalar types, the expression is interpreted
+ by GCC as a read of the volatile object; in the other cases, the
+ expression is only evaluated for its side-effects.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Declarators implementation, Next: Statements implementation, Prev: Qualifiers implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.11 Declarators
+================
+
+ * `The maximum number of declarators that may modify an arithmetic,
+ structure or union type (C90 6.5.4).'
+
+ GCC is only limited by available memory.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Statements implementation, Next: Preprocessing directives implementation, Prev: Declarators implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.12 Statements
+===============
+
+ * `The maximum number of `case' values in a `switch' statement (C90
+ 6.6.4.2).'
+
+ GCC is only limited by available memory.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Preprocessing directives implementation, Next: Library functions implementation, Prev: Statements implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.13 Preprocessing directives
+=============================
+
+*Note Implementation-defined behavior: (cpp)Implementation-defined
+behavior, for details of these aspects of implementation-defined
+behavior.
+
+ * `How sequences in both forms of header names are mapped to headers
+ or external source file names (C90 6.1.7, C99 6.4.7).'
+
+ * `Whether the value of a character constant in a constant expression
+ that controls conditional inclusion matches the value of the same
+ character constant in the execution character set (C90 6.8.1, C99
+ 6.10.1).'
+
+ * `Whether the value of a single-character character constant in a
+ constant expression that controls conditional inclusion may have a
+ negative value (C90 6.8.1, C99 6.10.1).'
+
+ * `The places that are searched for an included `<>' delimited
+ header, and how the places are specified or the header is
+ identified (C90 6.8.2, C99 6.10.2).'
+
+ * `How the named source file is searched for in an included `""'
+ delimited header (C90 6.8.2, C99 6.10.2).'
+
+ * `The method by which preprocessing tokens (possibly resulting from
+ macro expansion) in a `#include' directive are combined into a
+ header name (C90 6.8.2, C99 6.10.2).'
+
+ * `The nesting limit for `#include' processing (C90 6.8.2, C99
+ 6.10.2).'
+
+ * `Whether the `#' operator inserts a `\' character before the `\'
+ character that begins a universal character name in a character
+ constant or string literal (C99 6.10.3.2).'
+
+ * `The behavior on each recognized non-`STDC #pragma' directive (C90
+ 6.8.6, C99 6.10.6).'
+
+ *Note Pragmas: (cpp)Pragmas, for details of pragmas accepted by
+ GCC on all targets. *Note Pragmas Accepted by GCC: Pragmas, for
+ details of target-specific pragmas.
+
+ * `The definitions for `__DATE__' and `__TIME__' when respectively,
+ the date and time of translation are not available (C90 6.8.8, C99
+ 6.10.8).'
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Library functions implementation, Next: Architecture implementation, Prev: Preprocessing directives implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.14 Library functions
+======================
+
+The behavior of most of these points are dependent on the implementation
+of the C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
+
+ * `The null pointer constant to which the macro `NULL' expands (C90
+ 7.1.6, C99 7.17).'
+
+ In `<stddef.h>', `NULL' expands to `((void *)0)'. GCC does not
+ provide the other headers which define `NULL' and some library
+ implementations may use other definitions in those headers.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Architecture implementation, Next: Locale-specific behavior implementation, Prev: Library functions implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.15 Architecture
+=================
+
+ * `The values or expressions assigned to the macros specified in the
+ headers `<float.h>', `<limits.h>', and `<stdint.h>' (C90 and C99
+ 5.2.4.2, C99 7.18.2, C99 7.18.3).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The number, order, and encoding of bytes in any object (when not
+ explicitly specified in this International Standard) (C99
+ 6.2.6.1).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+ * `The value of the result of the `sizeof' operator (C90 6.3.3.4,
+ C99 6.5.3.4).'
+
+ Determined by ABI.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Locale-specific behavior implementation, Prev: Architecture implementation, Up: C Implementation
+
+4.16 Locale-specific behavior
+=============================
+
+The behavior of these points are dependent on the implementation of the
+C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C Extensions, Next: C++ Extensions, Prev: C Implementation, Up: Top
+
+5 Extensions to the C Language Family
+*************************************
+
+GNU C provides several language features not found in ISO standard C.
+(The `-pedantic' option directs GCC to print a warning message if any
+of these features is used.) To test for the availability of these
+features in conditional compilation, check for a predefined macro
+`__GNUC__', which is always defined under GCC.
+
+ These extensions are available in C and Objective-C. Most of them are
+also available in C++. *Note Extensions to the C++ Language: C++
+Extensions, for extensions that apply _only_ to C++.
+
+ Some features that are in ISO C99 but not C89 or C++ are also, as
+extensions, accepted by GCC in C89 mode and in C++.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Statement Exprs:: Putting statements and declarations inside expressions.
+* Local Labels:: Labels local to a block.
+* Labels as Values:: Getting pointers to labels, and computed gotos.
+* Nested Functions:: As in Algol and Pascal, lexical scoping of functions.
+* Constructing Calls:: Dispatching a call to another function.
+* Typeof:: `typeof': referring to the type of an expression.
+* Conditionals:: Omitting the middle operand of a `?:' expression.
+* Long Long:: Double-word integers---`long long int'.
+* Complex:: Data types for complex numbers.
+* Floating Types:: Additional Floating Types.
+* Decimal Float:: Decimal Floating Types.
+* Hex Floats:: Hexadecimal floating-point constants.
+* Fixed-Point:: Fixed-Point Types.
+* Zero Length:: Zero-length arrays.
+* Variable Length:: Arrays whose length is computed at run time.
+* Empty Structures:: Structures with no members.
+* Variadic Macros:: Macros with a variable number of arguments.
+* Escaped Newlines:: Slightly looser rules for escaped newlines.
+* Subscripting:: Any array can be subscripted, even if not an lvalue.
+* Pointer Arith:: Arithmetic on `void'-pointers and function pointers.
+* Initializers:: Non-constant initializers.
+* Compound Literals:: Compound literals give structures, unions
+ or arrays as values.
+* Designated Inits:: Labeling elements of initializers.
+* Cast to Union:: Casting to union type from any member of the union.
+* Case Ranges:: `case 1 ... 9' and such.
+* Mixed Declarations:: Mixing declarations and code.
+* Function Attributes:: Declaring that functions have no side effects,
+ or that they can never return.
+* Attribute Syntax:: Formal syntax for attributes.
+* Function Prototypes:: Prototype declarations and old-style definitions.
+* C++ Comments:: C++ comments are recognized.
+* Dollar Signs:: Dollar sign is allowed in identifiers.
+* Character Escapes:: `\e' stands for the character <ESC>.
+* Variable Attributes:: Specifying attributes of variables.
+* Type Attributes:: Specifying attributes of types.
+* Alignment:: Inquiring about the alignment of a type or variable.
+* Inline:: Defining inline functions (as fast as macros).
+* Extended Asm:: Assembler instructions with C expressions as operands.
+ (With them you can define ``built-in'' functions.)
+* Constraints:: Constraints for asm operands
+* Asm Labels:: Specifying the assembler name to use for a C symbol.
+* Explicit Reg Vars:: Defining variables residing in specified registers.
+* Alternate Keywords:: `__const__', `__asm__', etc., for header files.
+* Incomplete Enums:: `enum foo;', with details to follow.
+* Function Names:: Printable strings which are the name of the current
+ function.
+* Return Address:: Getting the return or frame address of a function.
+* Vector Extensions:: Using vector instructions through built-in functions.
+* Offsetof:: Special syntax for implementing `offsetof'.
+* Atomic Builtins:: Built-in functions for atomic memory access.
+* Object Size Checking:: Built-in functions for limited buffer overflow
+ checking.
+* Other Builtins:: Other built-in functions.
+* Target Builtins:: Built-in functions specific to particular targets.
+* Target Format Checks:: Format checks specific to particular targets.
+* Pragmas:: Pragmas accepted by GCC.
+* Unnamed Fields:: Unnamed struct/union fields within structs/unions.
+* Thread-Local:: Per-thread variables.
+* Binary constants:: Binary constants using the `0b' prefix.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Statement Exprs, Next: Local Labels, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.1 Statements and Declarations in Expressions
+==============================================
+
+A compound statement enclosed in parentheses may appear as an expression
+in GNU C. This allows you to use loops, switches, and local variables
+within an expression.
+
+ Recall that a compound statement is a sequence of statements surrounded
+by braces; in this construct, parentheses go around the braces. For
+example:
+
+ ({ int y = foo (); int z;
+ if (y > 0) z = y;
+ else z = - y;
+ z; })
+
+is a valid (though slightly more complex than necessary) expression for
+the absolute value of `foo ()'.
+
+ The last thing in the compound statement should be an expression
+followed by a semicolon; the value of this subexpression serves as the
+value of the entire construct. (If you use some other kind of statement
+last within the braces, the construct has type `void', and thus
+effectively no value.)
+
+ This feature is especially useful in making macro definitions "safe"
+(so that they evaluate each operand exactly once). For example, the
+"maximum" function is commonly defined as a macro in standard C as
+follows:
+
+ #define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+But this definition computes either A or B twice, with bad results if
+the operand has side effects. In GNU C, if you know the type of the
+operands (here taken as `int'), you can define the macro safely as
+follows:
+
+ #define maxint(a,b) \
+ ({int _a = (a), _b = (b); _a > _b ? _a : _b; })
+
+ Embedded statements are not allowed in constant expressions, such as
+the value of an enumeration constant, the width of a bit-field, or the
+initial value of a static variable.
+
+ If you don't know the type of the operand, you can still do this, but
+you must use `typeof' (*note Typeof::).
+
+ In G++, the result value of a statement expression undergoes array and
+function pointer decay, and is returned by value to the enclosing
+expression. For instance, if `A' is a class, then
+
+ A a;
+
+ ({a;}).Foo ()
+
+will construct a temporary `A' object to hold the result of the
+statement expression, and that will be used to invoke `Foo'. Therefore
+the `this' pointer observed by `Foo' will not be the address of `a'.
+
+ Any temporaries created within a statement within a statement
+expression will be destroyed at the statement's end. This makes
+statement expressions inside macros slightly different from function
+calls. In the latter case temporaries introduced during argument
+evaluation will be destroyed at the end of the statement that includes
+the function call. In the statement expression case they will be
+destroyed during the statement expression. For instance,
+
+ #define macro(a) ({__typeof__(a) b = (a); b + 3; })
+ template<typename T> T function(T a) { T b = a; return b + 3; }
+
+ void foo ()
+ {
+ macro (X ());
+ function (X ());
+ }
+
+will have different places where temporaries are destroyed. For the
+`macro' case, the temporary `X' will be destroyed just after the
+initialization of `b'. In the `function' case that temporary will be
+destroyed when the function returns.
+
+ These considerations mean that it is probably a bad idea to use
+statement-expressions of this form in header files that are designed to
+work with C++. (Note that some versions of the GNU C Library contained
+header files using statement-expression that lead to precisely this
+bug.)
+
+ Jumping into a statement expression with `goto' or using a `switch'
+statement outside the statement expression with a `case' or `default'
+label inside the statement expression is not permitted. Jumping into a
+statement expression with a computed `goto' (*note Labels as Values::)
+yields undefined behavior. Jumping out of a statement expression is
+permitted, but if the statement expression is part of a larger
+expression then it is unspecified which other subexpressions of that
+expression have been evaluated except where the language definition
+requires certain subexpressions to be evaluated before or after the
+statement expression. In any case, as with a function call the
+evaluation of a statement expression is not interleaved with the
+evaluation of other parts of the containing expression. For example,
+
+ foo (), (({ bar1 (); goto a; 0; }) + bar2 ()), baz();
+
+will call `foo' and `bar1' and will not call `baz' but may or may not
+call `bar2'. If `bar2' is called, it will be called after `foo' and
+before `bar1'
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Local Labels, Next: Labels as Values, Prev: Statement Exprs, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.2 Locally Declared Labels
+===========================
+
+GCC allows you to declare "local labels" in any nested block scope. A
+local label is just like an ordinary label, but you can only reference
+it (with a `goto' statement, or by taking its address) within the block
+in which it was declared.
+
+ A local label declaration looks like this:
+
+ __label__ LABEL;
+
+or
+
+ __label__ LABEL1, LABEL2, /* ... */;
+
+ Local label declarations must come at the beginning of the block,
+before any ordinary declarations or statements.
+
+ The label declaration defines the label _name_, but does not define
+the label itself. You must do this in the usual way, with `LABEL:',
+within the statements of the statement expression.
+
+ The local label feature is useful for complex macros. If a macro
+contains nested loops, a `goto' can be useful for breaking out of them.
+However, an ordinary label whose scope is the whole function cannot be
+used: if the macro can be expanded several times in one function, the
+label will be multiply defined in that function. A local label avoids
+this problem. For example:
+
+ #define SEARCH(value, array, target) \
+ do { \
+ __label__ found; \
+ typeof (target) _SEARCH_target = (target); \
+ typeof (*(array)) *_SEARCH_array = (array); \
+ int i, j; \
+ int value; \
+ for (i = 0; i < max; i++) \
+ for (j = 0; j < max; j++) \
+ if (_SEARCH_array[i][j] == _SEARCH_target) \
+ { (value) = i; goto found; } \
+ (value) = -1; \
+ found:; \
+ } while (0)
+
+ This could also be written using a statement-expression:
+
+ #define SEARCH(array, target) \
+ ({ \
+ __label__ found; \
+ typeof (target) _SEARCH_target = (target); \
+ typeof (*(array)) *_SEARCH_array = (array); \
+ int i, j; \
+ int value; \
+ for (i = 0; i < max; i++) \
+ for (j = 0; j < max; j++) \
+ if (_SEARCH_array[i][j] == _SEARCH_target) \
+ { value = i; goto found; } \
+ value = -1; \
+ found: \
+ value; \
+ })
+
+ Local label declarations also make the labels they declare visible to
+nested functions, if there are any. *Note Nested Functions::, for
+details.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Labels as Values, Next: Nested Functions, Prev: Local Labels, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.3 Labels as Values
+====================
+
+You can get the address of a label defined in the current function (or
+a containing function) with the unary operator `&&'. The value has
+type `void *'. This value is a constant and can be used wherever a
+constant of that type is valid. For example:
+
+ void *ptr;
+ /* ... */
+ ptr = &&foo;
+
+ To use these values, you need to be able to jump to one. This is done
+with the computed goto statement(1), `goto *EXP;'. For example,
+
+ goto *ptr;
+
+Any expression of type `void *' is allowed.
+
+ One way of using these constants is in initializing a static array that
+will serve as a jump table:
+
+ static void *array[] = { &&foo, &&bar, &&hack };
+
+ Then you can select a label with indexing, like this:
+
+ goto *array[i];
+
+Note that this does not check whether the subscript is in bounds--array
+indexing in C never does that.
+
+ Such an array of label values serves a purpose much like that of the
+`switch' statement. The `switch' statement is cleaner, so use that
+rather than an array unless the problem does not fit a `switch'
+statement very well.
+
+ Another use of label values is in an interpreter for threaded code.
+The labels within the interpreter function can be stored in the
+threaded code for super-fast dispatching.
+
+ You may not use this mechanism to jump to code in a different function.
+If you do that, totally unpredictable things will happen. The best way
+to avoid this is to store the label address only in automatic variables
+and never pass it as an argument.
+
+ An alternate way to write the above example is
+
+ static const int array[] = { &&foo - &&foo, &&bar - &&foo,
+ &&hack - &&foo };
+ goto *(&&foo + array[i]);
+
+This is more friendly to code living in shared libraries, as it reduces
+the number of dynamic relocations that are needed, and by consequence,
+allows the data to be read-only.
+
+ The `&&foo' expressions for the same label might have different values
+if the containing function is inlined or cloned. If a program relies on
+them being always the same, `__attribute__((__noinline__))' should be
+used to prevent inlining. If `&&foo' is used in a static variable
+initializer, inlining is forbidden.
+
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) The analogous feature in Fortran is called an assigned goto, but
+that name seems inappropriate in C, where one can do more than simply
+store label addresses in label variables.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Nested Functions, Next: Constructing Calls, Prev: Labels as Values, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.4 Nested Functions
+====================
+
+A "nested function" is a function defined inside another function.
+(Nested functions are not supported for GNU C++.) The nested function's
+name is local to the block where it is defined. For example, here we
+define a nested function named `square', and call it twice:
+
+ foo (double a, double b)
+ {
+ double square (double z) { return z * z; }
+
+ return square (a) + square (b);
+ }
+
+ The nested function can access all the variables of the containing
+function that are visible at the point of its definition. This is
+called "lexical scoping". For example, here we show a nested function
+which uses an inherited variable named `offset':
+
+ bar (int *array, int offset, int size)
+ {
+ int access (int *array, int index)
+ { return array[index + offset]; }
+ int i;
+ /* ... */
+ for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+ /* ... */ access (array, i) /* ... */
+ }
+
+ Nested function definitions are permitted within functions in the
+places where variable definitions are allowed; that is, in any block,
+mixed with the other declarations and statements in the block.
+
+ It is possible to call the nested function from outside the scope of
+its name by storing its address or passing the address to another
+function:
+
+ hack (int *array, int size)
+ {
+ void store (int index, int value)
+ { array[index] = value; }
+
+ intermediate (store, size);
+ }
+
+ Here, the function `intermediate' receives the address of `store' as
+an argument. If `intermediate' calls `store', the arguments given to
+`store' are used to store into `array'. But this technique works only
+so long as the containing function (`hack', in this example) does not
+exit.
+
+ If you try to call the nested function through its address after the
+containing function has exited, all hell will break loose. If you try
+to call it after a containing scope level has exited, and if it refers
+to some of the variables that are no longer in scope, you may be lucky,
+but it's not wise to take the risk. If, however, the nested function
+does not refer to anything that has gone out of scope, you should be
+safe.
+
+ GCC implements taking the address of a nested function using a
+technique called "trampolines". A paper describing them is available as
+
+`http://people.debian.org/~aaronl/Usenix88-lexic.pdf'.
+
+ A nested function can jump to a label inherited from a containing
+function, provided the label was explicitly declared in the containing
+function (*note Local Labels::). Such a jump returns instantly to the
+containing function, exiting the nested function which did the `goto'
+and any intermediate functions as well. Here is an example:
+
+ bar (int *array, int offset, int size)
+ {
+ __label__ failure;
+ int access (int *array, int index)
+ {
+ if (index > size)
+ goto failure;
+ return array[index + offset];
+ }
+ int i;
+ /* ... */
+ for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+ /* ... */ access (array, i) /* ... */
+ /* ... */
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Control comes here from `access'
+ if it detects an error. */
+ failure:
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ A nested function always has no linkage. Declaring one with `extern'
+or `static' is erroneous. If you need to declare the nested function
+before its definition, use `auto' (which is otherwise meaningless for
+function declarations).
+
+ bar (int *array, int offset, int size)
+ {
+ __label__ failure;
+ auto int access (int *, int);
+ /* ... */
+ int access (int *array, int index)
+ {
+ if (index > size)
+ goto failure;
+ return array[index + offset];
+ }
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Constructing Calls, Next: Typeof, Prev: Nested Functions, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.5 Constructing Function Calls
+===============================
+
+Using the built-in functions described below, you can record the
+arguments a function received, and call another function with the same
+arguments, without knowing the number or types of the arguments.
+
+ You can also record the return value of that function call, and later
+return that value, without knowing what data type the function tried to
+return (as long as your caller expects that data type).
+
+ However, these built-in functions may interact badly with some
+sophisticated features or other extensions of the language. It is,
+therefore, not recommended to use them outside very simple functions
+acting as mere forwarders for their arguments.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void * __builtin_apply_args ()
+ This built-in function returns a pointer to data describing how to
+ perform a call with the same arguments as were passed to the
+ current function.
+
+ The function saves the arg pointer register, structure value
+ address, and all registers that might be used to pass arguments to
+ a function into a block of memory allocated on the stack. Then it
+ returns the address of that block.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void * __builtin_apply (void (*FUNCTION)(), void
+ *ARGUMENTS, size_t SIZE)
+ This built-in function invokes FUNCTION with a copy of the
+ parameters described by ARGUMENTS and SIZE.
+
+ The value of ARGUMENTS should be the value returned by
+ `__builtin_apply_args'. The argument SIZE specifies the size of
+ the stack argument data, in bytes.
+
+ This function returns a pointer to data describing how to return
+ whatever value was returned by FUNCTION. The data is saved in a
+ block of memory allocated on the stack.
+
+ It is not always simple to compute the proper value for SIZE. The
+ value is used by `__builtin_apply' to compute the amount of data
+ that should be pushed on the stack and copied from the incoming
+ argument area.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void __builtin_return (void *RESULT)
+ This built-in function returns the value described by RESULT from
+ the containing function. You should specify, for RESULT, a value
+ returned by `__builtin_apply'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: __builtin_va_arg_pack ()
+ This built-in function represents all anonymous arguments of an
+ inline function. It can be used only in inline functions which
+ will be always inlined, never compiled as a separate function,
+ such as those using `__attribute__ ((__always_inline__))' or
+ `__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))' extern inline functions. It
+ must be only passed as last argument to some other function with
+ variable arguments. This is useful for writing small wrapper
+ inlines for variable argument functions, when using preprocessor
+ macros is undesirable. For example:
+ extern int myprintf (FILE *f, const char *format, ...);
+ extern inline __attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__)) int
+ myprintf (FILE *f, const char *format, ...)
+ {
+ int r = fprintf (f, "myprintf: ");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ int s = fprintf (f, format, __builtin_va_arg_pack ());
+ if (s < 0)
+ return s;
+ return r + s;
+ }
+
+ -- Built-in Function: __builtin_va_arg_pack_len ()
+ This built-in function returns the number of anonymous arguments of
+ an inline function. It can be used only in inline functions which
+ will be always inlined, never compiled as a separate function, such
+ as those using `__attribute__ ((__always_inline__))' or
+ `__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))' extern inline functions. For
+ example following will do link or runtime checking of open
+ arguments for optimized code:
+ #ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
+ extern inline __attribute__((__gnu_inline__)) int
+ myopen (const char *path, int oflag, ...)
+ {
+ if (__builtin_va_arg_pack_len () > 1)
+ warn_open_too_many_arguments ();
+
+ if (__builtin_constant_p (oflag))
+ {
+ if ((oflag & O_CREAT) != 0 && __builtin_va_arg_pack_len () < 1)
+ {
+ warn_open_missing_mode ();
+ return __open_2 (path, oflag);
+ }
+ return open (path, oflag, __builtin_va_arg_pack ());
+ }
+
+ if (__builtin_va_arg_pack_len () < 1)
+ return __open_2 (path, oflag);
+
+ return open (path, oflag, __builtin_va_arg_pack ());
+ }
+ #endif
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Typeof, Next: Conditionals, Prev: Constructing Calls, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.6 Referring to a Type with `typeof'
+=====================================
+
+Another way to refer to the type of an expression is with `typeof'.
+The syntax of using of this keyword looks like `sizeof', but the
+construct acts semantically like a type name defined with `typedef'.
+
+ There are two ways of writing the argument to `typeof': with an
+expression or with a type. Here is an example with an expression:
+
+ typeof (x[0](1))
+
+This assumes that `x' is an array of pointers to functions; the type
+described is that of the values of the functions.
+
+ Here is an example with a typename as the argument:
+
+ typeof (int *)
+
+Here the type described is that of pointers to `int'.
+
+ If you are writing a header file that must work when included in ISO C
+programs, write `__typeof__' instead of `typeof'. *Note Alternate
+Keywords::.
+
+ A `typeof'-construct can be used anywhere a typedef name could be
+used. For example, you can use it in a declaration, in a cast, or
+inside of `sizeof' or `typeof'.
+
+ `typeof' is often useful in conjunction with the
+statements-within-expressions feature. Here is how the two together can
+be used to define a safe "maximum" macro that operates on any
+arithmetic type and evaluates each of its arguments exactly once:
+
+ #define max(a,b) \
+ ({ typeof (a) _a = (a); \
+ typeof (b) _b = (b); \
+ _a > _b ? _a : _b; })
+
+ The reason for using names that start with underscores for the local
+variables is to avoid conflicts with variable names that occur within
+the expressions that are substituted for `a' and `b'. Eventually we
+hope to design a new form of declaration syntax that allows you to
+declare variables whose scopes start only after their initializers;
+this will be a more reliable way to prevent such conflicts.
+
+Some more examples of the use of `typeof':
+
+ * This declares `y' with the type of what `x' points to.
+
+ typeof (*x) y;
+
+ * This declares `y' as an array of such values.
+
+ typeof (*x) y[4];
+
+ * This declares `y' as an array of pointers to characters:
+
+ typeof (typeof (char *)[4]) y;
+
+ It is equivalent to the following traditional C declaration:
+
+ char *y[4];
+
+ To see the meaning of the declaration using `typeof', and why it
+ might be a useful way to write, rewrite it with these macros:
+
+ #define pointer(T) typeof(T *)
+ #define array(T, N) typeof(T [N])
+
+ Now the declaration can be rewritten this way:
+
+ array (pointer (char), 4) y;
+
+ Thus, `array (pointer (char), 4)' is the type of arrays of 4
+ pointers to `char'.
+
+ _Compatibility Note:_ In addition to `typeof', GCC 2 supported a more
+limited extension which permitted one to write
+
+ typedef T = EXPR;
+
+with the effect of declaring T to have the type of the expression EXPR.
+This extension does not work with GCC 3 (versions between 3.0 and 3.2
+will crash; 3.2.1 and later give an error). Code which relies on it
+should be rewritten to use `typeof':
+
+ typedef typeof(EXPR) T;
+
+This will work with all versions of GCC.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Conditionals, Next: Long Long, Prev: Typeof, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.7 Conditionals with Omitted Operands
+======================================
+
+The middle operand in a conditional expression may be omitted. Then if
+the first operand is nonzero, its value is the value of the conditional
+expression.
+
+ Therefore, the expression
+
+ x ? : y
+
+has the value of `x' if that is nonzero; otherwise, the value of `y'.
+
+ This example is perfectly equivalent to
+
+ x ? x : y
+
+In this simple case, the ability to omit the middle operand is not
+especially useful. When it becomes useful is when the first operand
+does, or may (if it is a macro argument), contain a side effect. Then
+repeating the operand in the middle would perform the side effect
+twice. Omitting the middle operand uses the value already computed
+without the undesirable effects of recomputing it.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Long Long, Next: Complex, Prev: Conditionals, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.8 Double-Word Integers
+========================
+
+ISO C99 supports data types for integers that are at least 64 bits wide,
+and as an extension GCC supports them in C89 mode and in C++. Simply
+write `long long int' for a signed integer, or `unsigned long long int'
+for an unsigned integer. To make an integer constant of type `long
+long int', add the suffix `LL' to the integer. To make an integer
+constant of type `unsigned long long int', add the suffix `ULL' to the
+integer.
+
+ You can use these types in arithmetic like any other integer types.
+Addition, subtraction, and bitwise boolean operations on these types
+are open-coded on all types of machines. Multiplication is open-coded
+if the machine supports fullword-to-doubleword a widening multiply
+instruction. Division and shifts are open-coded only on machines that
+provide special support. The operations that are not open-coded use
+special library routines that come with GCC.
+
+ There may be pitfalls when you use `long long' types for function
+arguments, unless you declare function prototypes. If a function
+expects type `int' for its argument, and you pass a value of type `long
+long int', confusion will result because the caller and the subroutine
+will disagree about the number of bytes for the argument. Likewise, if
+the function expects `long long int' and you pass `int'. The best way
+to avoid such problems is to use prototypes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Complex, Next: Floating Types, Prev: Long Long, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.9 Complex Numbers
+===================
+
+ISO C99 supports complex floating data types, and as an extension GCC
+supports them in C89 mode and in C++, and supports complex integer data
+types which are not part of ISO C99. You can declare complex types
+using the keyword `_Complex'. As an extension, the older GNU keyword
+`__complex__' is also supported.
+
+ For example, `_Complex double x;' declares `x' as a variable whose
+real part and imaginary part are both of type `double'. `_Complex
+short int y;' declares `y' to have real and imaginary parts of type
+`short int'; this is not likely to be useful, but it shows that the set
+of complex types is complete.
+
+ To write a constant with a complex data type, use the suffix `i' or
+`j' (either one; they are equivalent). For example, `2.5fi' has type
+`_Complex float' and `3i' has type `_Complex int'. Such a constant
+always has a pure imaginary value, but you can form any complex value
+you like by adding one to a real constant. This is a GNU extension; if
+you have an ISO C99 conforming C library (such as GNU libc), and want
+to construct complex constants of floating type, you should include
+`<complex.h>' and use the macros `I' or `_Complex_I' instead.
+
+ To extract the real part of a complex-valued expression EXP, write
+`__real__ EXP'. Likewise, use `__imag__' to extract the imaginary
+part. This is a GNU extension; for values of floating type, you should
+use the ISO C99 functions `crealf', `creal', `creall', `cimagf',
+`cimag' and `cimagl', declared in `<complex.h>' and also provided as
+built-in functions by GCC.
+
+ The operator `~' performs complex conjugation when used on a value
+with a complex type. This is a GNU extension; for values of floating
+type, you should use the ISO C99 functions `conjf', `conj' and `conjl',
+declared in `<complex.h>' and also provided as built-in functions by
+GCC.
+
+ GCC can allocate complex automatic variables in a noncontiguous
+fashion; it's even possible for the real part to be in a register while
+the imaginary part is on the stack (or vice-versa). Only the DWARF2
+debug info format can represent this, so use of DWARF2 is recommended.
+If you are using the stabs debug info format, GCC describes a
+noncontiguous complex variable as if it were two separate variables of
+noncomplex type. If the variable's actual name is `foo', the two
+fictitious variables are named `foo$real' and `foo$imag'. You can
+examine and set these two fictitious variables with your debugger.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Floating Types, Next: Decimal Float, Prev: Complex, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.10 Additional Floating Types
+==============================
+
+As an extension, the GNU C compiler supports additional floating types,
+`__float80' and `__float128' to support 80bit (`XFmode') and 128 bit
+(`TFmode') floating types. Support for additional types includes the
+arithmetic operators: add, subtract, multiply, divide; unary arithmetic
+operators; relational operators; equality operators; and conversions to
+and from integer and other floating types. Use a suffix `w' or `W' in
+a literal constant of type `__float80' and `q' or `Q' for `_float128'.
+You can declare complex types using the corresponding internal complex
+type, `XCmode' for `__float80' type and `TCmode' for `__float128' type:
+
+ typedef _Complex float __attribute__((mode(TC))) _Complex128;
+ typedef _Complex float __attribute__((mode(XC))) _Complex80;
+
+ Not all targets support additional floating point types. `__float80'
+and `__float128' types are supported on i386, x86_64 and ia64 targets.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Decimal Float, Next: Hex Floats, Prev: Floating Types, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.11 Decimal Floating Types
+===========================
+
+As an extension, the GNU C compiler supports decimal floating types as
+defined in the N1312 draft of ISO/IEC WDTR24732. Support for decimal
+floating types in GCC will evolve as the draft technical report changes.
+Calling conventions for any target might also change. Not all targets
+support decimal floating types.
+
+ The decimal floating types are `_Decimal32', `_Decimal64', and
+`_Decimal128'. They use a radix of ten, unlike the floating types
+`float', `double', and `long double' whose radix is not specified by
+the C standard but is usually two.
+
+ Support for decimal floating types includes the arithmetic operators
+add, subtract, multiply, divide; unary arithmetic operators; relational
+operators; equality operators; and conversions to and from integer and
+other floating types. Use a suffix `df' or `DF' in a literal constant
+of type `_Decimal32', `dd' or `DD' for `_Decimal64', and `dl' or `DL'
+for `_Decimal128'.
+
+ GCC support of decimal float as specified by the draft technical report
+is incomplete:
+
+ * Pragma `FLOAT_CONST_DECIMAL64' is not supported, nor is the `d'
+ suffix for literal constants of type `double'.
+
+ * When the value of a decimal floating type cannot be represented in
+ the integer type to which it is being converted, the result is
+ undefined rather than the result value specified by the draft
+ technical report.
+
+ * GCC does not provide the C library functionality associated with
+ `math.h', `fenv.h', `stdio.h', `stdlib.h', and `wchar.h', which
+ must come from a separate C library implementation. Because of
+ this the GNU C compiler does not define macro `__STDC_DEC_FP__' to
+ indicate that the implementation conforms to the technical report.
+
+ Types `_Decimal32', `_Decimal64', and `_Decimal128' are supported by
+the DWARF2 debug information format.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Hex Floats, Next: Fixed-Point, Prev: Decimal Float, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.12 Hex Floats
+===============
+
+ISO C99 supports floating-point numbers written not only in the usual
+decimal notation, such as `1.55e1', but also numbers such as `0x1.fp3'
+written in hexadecimal format. As a GNU extension, GCC supports this
+in C89 mode (except in some cases when strictly conforming) and in C++.
+In that format the `0x' hex introducer and the `p' or `P' exponent
+field are mandatory. The exponent is a decimal number that indicates
+the power of 2 by which the significant part will be multiplied. Thus
+`0x1.f' is 1 15/16, `p3' multiplies it by 8, and the value of `0x1.fp3'
+is the same as `1.55e1'.
+
+ Unlike for floating-point numbers in the decimal notation the exponent
+is always required in the hexadecimal notation. Otherwise the compiler
+would not be able to resolve the ambiguity of, e.g., `0x1.f'. This
+could mean `1.0f' or `1.9375' since `f' is also the extension for
+floating-point constants of type `float'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Fixed-Point, Next: Zero Length, Prev: Hex Floats, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.13 Fixed-Point Types
+======================
+
+As an extension, the GNU C compiler supports fixed-point types as
+defined in the N1169 draft of ISO/IEC DTR 18037. Support for
+fixed-point types in GCC will evolve as the draft technical report
+changes. Calling conventions for any target might also change. Not
+all targets support fixed-point types.
+
+ The fixed-point types are `short _Fract', `_Fract', `long _Fract',
+`long long _Fract', `unsigned short _Fract', `unsigned _Fract',
+`unsigned long _Fract', `unsigned long long _Fract', `_Sat short
+_Fract', `_Sat _Fract', `_Sat long _Fract', `_Sat long long _Fract',
+`_Sat unsigned short _Fract', `_Sat unsigned _Fract', `_Sat unsigned
+long _Fract', `_Sat unsigned long long _Fract', `short _Accum',
+`_Accum', `long _Accum', `long long _Accum', `unsigned short _Accum',
+`unsigned _Accum', `unsigned long _Accum', `unsigned long long _Accum',
+`_Sat short _Accum', `_Sat _Accum', `_Sat long _Accum', `_Sat long long
+_Accum', `_Sat unsigned short _Accum', `_Sat unsigned _Accum', `_Sat
+unsigned long _Accum', `_Sat unsigned long long _Accum'.
+
+ Fixed-point data values contain fractional and optional integral parts.
+The format of fixed-point data varies and depends on the target machine.
+
+ Support for fixed-point types includes:
+ * prefix and postfix increment and decrement operators (`++', `--')
+
+ * unary arithmetic operators (`+', `-', `!')
+
+ * binary arithmetic operators (`+', `-', `*', `/')
+
+ * binary shift operators (`<<', `>>')
+
+ * relational operators (`<', `<=', `>=', `>')
+
+ * equality operators (`==', `!=')
+
+ * assignment operators (`+=', `-=', `*=', `/=', `<<=', `>>=')
+
+ * conversions to and from integer, floating-point, or fixed-point
+ types
+
+ Use a suffix in a fixed-point literal constant:
+ * `hr' or `HR' for `short _Fract' and `_Sat short _Fract'
+
+ * `r' or `R' for `_Fract' and `_Sat _Fract'
+
+ * `lr' or `LR' for `long _Fract' and `_Sat long _Fract'
+
+ * `llr' or `LLR' for `long long _Fract' and `_Sat long long _Fract'
+
+ * `uhr' or `UHR' for `unsigned short _Fract' and `_Sat unsigned
+ short _Fract'
+
+ * `ur' or `UR' for `unsigned _Fract' and `_Sat unsigned _Fract'
+
+ * `ulr' or `ULR' for `unsigned long _Fract' and `_Sat unsigned long
+ _Fract'
+
+ * `ullr' or `ULLR' for `unsigned long long _Fract' and `_Sat
+ unsigned long long _Fract'
+
+ * `hk' or `HK' for `short _Accum' and `_Sat short _Accum'
+
+ * `k' or `K' for `_Accum' and `_Sat _Accum'
+
+ * `lk' or `LK' for `long _Accum' and `_Sat long _Accum'
+
+ * `llk' or `LLK' for `long long _Accum' and `_Sat long long _Accum'
+
+ * `uhk' or `UHK' for `unsigned short _Accum' and `_Sat unsigned
+ short _Accum'
+
+ * `uk' or `UK' for `unsigned _Accum' and `_Sat unsigned _Accum'
+
+ * `ulk' or `ULK' for `unsigned long _Accum' and `_Sat unsigned long
+ _Accum'
+
+ * `ullk' or `ULLK' for `unsigned long long _Accum' and `_Sat
+ unsigned long long _Accum'
+
+ GCC support of fixed-point types as specified by the draft technical
+report is incomplete:
+
+ * Pragmas to control overflow and rounding behaviors are not
+ implemented.
+
+ Fixed-point types are supported by the DWARF2 debug information format.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Zero Length, Next: Variable Length, Prev: Fixed-Point, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.14 Arrays of Length Zero
+==========================
+
+Zero-length arrays are allowed in GNU C. They are very useful as the
+last element of a structure which is really a header for a
+variable-length object:
+
+ struct line {
+ int length;
+ char contents[0];
+ };
+
+ struct line *thisline = (struct line *)
+ malloc (sizeof (struct line) + this_length);
+ thisline->length = this_length;
+
+ In ISO C90, you would have to give `contents' a length of 1, which
+means either you waste space or complicate the argument to `malloc'.
+
+ In ISO C99, you would use a "flexible array member", which is slightly
+different in syntax and semantics:
+
+ * Flexible array members are written as `contents[]' without the `0'.
+
+ * Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the `sizeof'
+ operator may not be applied. As a quirk of the original
+ implementation of zero-length arrays, `sizeof' evaluates to zero.
+
+ * Flexible array members may only appear as the last member of a
+ `struct' that is otherwise non-empty.
+
+ * A structure containing a flexible array member, or a union
+ containing such a structure (possibly recursively), may not be a
+ member of a structure or an element of an array. (However, these
+ uses are permitted by GCC as extensions.)
+
+ GCC versions before 3.0 allowed zero-length arrays to be statically
+initialized, as if they were flexible arrays. In addition to those
+cases that were useful, it also allowed initializations in situations
+that would corrupt later data. Non-empty initialization of zero-length
+arrays is now treated like any case where there are more initializer
+elements than the array holds, in that a suitable warning about "excess
+elements in array" is given, and the excess elements (all of them, in
+this case) are ignored.
+
+ Instead GCC allows static initialization of flexible array members.
+This is equivalent to defining a new structure containing the original
+structure followed by an array of sufficient size to contain the data.
+I.e. in the following, `f1' is constructed as if it were declared like
+`f2'.
+
+ struct f1 {
+ int x; int y[];
+ } f1 = { 1, { 2, 3, 4 } };
+
+ struct f2 {
+ struct f1 f1; int data[3];
+ } f2 = { { 1 }, { 2, 3, 4 } };
+
+The convenience of this extension is that `f1' has the desired type,
+eliminating the need to consistently refer to `f2.f1'.
+
+ This has symmetry with normal static arrays, in that an array of
+unknown size is also written with `[]'.
+
+ Of course, this extension only makes sense if the extra data comes at
+the end of a top-level object, as otherwise we would be overwriting
+data at subsequent offsets. To avoid undue complication and confusion
+with initialization of deeply nested arrays, we simply disallow any
+non-empty initialization except when the structure is the top-level
+object. For example:
+
+ struct foo { int x; int y[]; };
+ struct bar { struct foo z; };
+
+ struct foo a = { 1, { 2, 3, 4 } }; // Valid.
+ struct bar b = { { 1, { 2, 3, 4 } } }; // Invalid.
+ struct bar c = { { 1, { } } }; // Valid.
+ struct foo d[1] = { { 1 { 2, 3, 4 } } }; // Invalid.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Empty Structures, Next: Variadic Macros, Prev: Variable Length, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.15 Structures With No Members
+===============================
+
+GCC permits a C structure to have no members:
+
+ struct empty {
+ };
+
+ The structure will have size zero. In C++, empty structures are part
+of the language. G++ treats empty structures as if they had a single
+member of type `char'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Variable Length, Next: Empty Structures, Prev: Zero Length, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.16 Arrays of Variable Length
+==============================
+
+Variable-length automatic arrays are allowed in ISO C99, and as an
+extension GCC accepts them in C89 mode and in C++. (However, GCC's
+implementation of variable-length arrays does not yet conform in detail
+to the ISO C99 standard.) These arrays are declared like any other
+automatic arrays, but with a length that is not a constant expression.
+The storage is allocated at the point of declaration and deallocated
+when the brace-level is exited. For example:
+
+ FILE *
+ concat_fopen (char *s1, char *s2, char *mode)
+ {
+ char str[strlen (s1) + strlen (s2) + 1];
+ strcpy (str, s1);
+ strcat (str, s2);
+ return fopen (str, mode);
+ }
+
+ Jumping or breaking out of the scope of the array name deallocates the
+storage. Jumping into the scope is not allowed; you get an error
+message for it.
+
+ You can use the function `alloca' to get an effect much like
+variable-length arrays. The function `alloca' is available in many
+other C implementations (but not in all). On the other hand,
+variable-length arrays are more elegant.
+
+ There are other differences between these two methods. Space allocated
+with `alloca' exists until the containing _function_ returns. The
+space for a variable-length array is deallocated as soon as the array
+name's scope ends. (If you use both variable-length arrays and
+`alloca' in the same function, deallocation of a variable-length array
+will also deallocate anything more recently allocated with `alloca'.)
+
+ You can also use variable-length arrays as arguments to functions:
+
+ struct entry
+ tester (int len, char data[len][len])
+ {
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+ The length of an array is computed once when the storage is allocated
+and is remembered for the scope of the array in case you access it with
+`sizeof'.
+
+ If you want to pass the array first and the length afterward, you can
+use a forward declaration in the parameter list--another GNU extension.
+
+ struct entry
+ tester (int len; char data[len][len], int len)
+ {
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+ The `int len' before the semicolon is a "parameter forward
+declaration", and it serves the purpose of making the name `len' known
+when the declaration of `data' is parsed.
+
+ You can write any number of such parameter forward declarations in the
+parameter list. They can be separated by commas or semicolons, but the
+last one must end with a semicolon, which is followed by the "real"
+parameter declarations. Each forward declaration must match a "real"
+declaration in parameter name and data type. ISO C99 does not support
+parameter forward declarations.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Variadic Macros, Next: Escaped Newlines, Prev: Empty Structures, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.17 Macros with a Variable Number of Arguments.
+================================================
+
+In the ISO C standard of 1999, a macro can be declared to accept a
+variable number of arguments much as a function can. The syntax for
+defining the macro is similar to that of a function. Here is an
+example:
+
+ #define debug(format, ...) fprintf (stderr, format, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+ Here `...' is a "variable argument". In the invocation of such a
+macro, it represents the zero or more tokens until the closing
+parenthesis that ends the invocation, including any commas. This set of
+tokens replaces the identifier `__VA_ARGS__' in the macro body wherever
+it appears. See the CPP manual for more information.
+
+ GCC has long supported variadic macros, and used a different syntax
+that allowed you to give a name to the variable arguments just like any
+other argument. Here is an example:
+
+ #define debug(format, args...) fprintf (stderr, format, args)
+
+ This is in all ways equivalent to the ISO C example above, but arguably
+more readable and descriptive.
+
+ GNU CPP has two further variadic macro extensions, and permits them to
+be used with either of the above forms of macro definition.
+
+ In standard C, you are not allowed to leave the variable argument out
+entirely; but you are allowed to pass an empty argument. For example,
+this invocation is invalid in ISO C, because there is no comma after
+the string:
+
+ debug ("A message")
+
+ GNU CPP permits you to completely omit the variable arguments in this
+way. In the above examples, the compiler would complain, though since
+the expansion of the macro still has the extra comma after the format
+string.
+
+ To help solve this problem, CPP behaves specially for variable
+arguments used with the token paste operator, `##'. If instead you
+write
+
+ #define debug(format, ...) fprintf (stderr, format, ## __VA_ARGS__)
+
+ and if the variable arguments are omitted or empty, the `##' operator
+causes the preprocessor to remove the comma before it. If you do
+provide some variable arguments in your macro invocation, GNU CPP does
+not complain about the paste operation and instead places the variable
+arguments after the comma. Just like any other pasted macro argument,
+these arguments are not macro expanded.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Escaped Newlines, Next: Subscripting, Prev: Variadic Macros, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.18 Slightly Looser Rules for Escaped Newlines
+===============================================
+
+Recently, the preprocessor has relaxed its treatment of escaped
+newlines. Previously, the newline had to immediately follow a
+backslash. The current implementation allows whitespace in the form of
+spaces, horizontal and vertical tabs, and form feeds between the
+backslash and the subsequent newline. The preprocessor issues a
+warning, but treats it as a valid escaped newline and combines the two
+lines to form a single logical line. This works within comments and
+tokens, as well as between tokens. Comments are _not_ treated as
+whitespace for the purposes of this relaxation, since they have not yet
+been replaced with spaces.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Subscripting, Next: Pointer Arith, Prev: Escaped Newlines, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.19 Non-Lvalue Arrays May Have Subscripts
+==========================================
+
+In ISO C99, arrays that are not lvalues still decay to pointers, and
+may be subscripted, although they may not be modified or used after the
+next sequence point and the unary `&' operator may not be applied to
+them. As an extension, GCC allows such arrays to be subscripted in C89
+mode, though otherwise they do not decay to pointers outside C99 mode.
+For example, this is valid in GNU C though not valid in C89:
+
+ struct foo {int a[4];};
+
+ struct foo f();
+
+ bar (int index)
+ {
+ return f().a[index];
+ }
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Pointer Arith, Next: Initializers, Prev: Subscripting, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.20 Arithmetic on `void'- and Function-Pointers
+================================================
+
+In GNU C, addition and subtraction operations are supported on pointers
+to `void' and on pointers to functions. This is done by treating the
+size of a `void' or of a function as 1.
+
+ A consequence of this is that `sizeof' is also allowed on `void' and
+on function types, and returns 1.
+
+ The option `-Wpointer-arith' requests a warning if these extensions
+are used.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Initializers, Next: Compound Literals, Prev: Pointer Arith, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.21 Non-Constant Initializers
+==============================
+
+As in standard C++ and ISO C99, the elements of an aggregate
+initializer for an automatic variable are not required to be constant
+expressions in GNU C. Here is an example of an initializer with
+run-time varying elements:
+
+ foo (float f, float g)
+ {
+ float beat_freqs[2] = { f-g, f+g };
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Compound Literals, Next: Designated Inits, Prev: Initializers, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.22 Compound Literals
+======================
+
+ISO C99 supports compound literals. A compound literal looks like a
+cast containing an initializer. Its value is an object of the type
+specified in the cast, containing the elements specified in the
+initializer; it is an lvalue. As an extension, GCC supports compound
+literals in C89 mode and in C++.
+
+ Usually, the specified type is a structure. Assume that `struct foo'
+and `structure' are declared as shown:
+
+ struct foo {int a; char b[2];} structure;
+
+Here is an example of constructing a `struct foo' with a compound
+literal:
+
+ structure = ((struct foo) {x + y, 'a', 0});
+
+This is equivalent to writing the following:
+
+ {
+ struct foo temp = {x + y, 'a', 0};
+ structure = temp;
+ }
+
+ You can also construct an array. If all the elements of the compound
+literal are (made up of) simple constant expressions, suitable for use
+in initializers of objects of static storage duration, then the compound
+literal can be coerced to a pointer to its first element and used in
+such an initializer, as shown here:
+
+ char **foo = (char *[]) { "x", "y", "z" };
+
+ Compound literals for scalar types and union types are is also
+allowed, but then the compound literal is equivalent to a cast.
+
+ As a GNU extension, GCC allows initialization of objects with static
+storage duration by compound literals (which is not possible in ISO
+C99, because the initializer is not a constant). It is handled as if
+the object was initialized only with the bracket enclosed list if the
+types of the compound literal and the object match. The initializer
+list of the compound literal must be constant. If the object being
+initialized has array type of unknown size, the size is determined by
+compound literal size.
+
+ static struct foo x = (struct foo) {1, 'a', 'b'};
+ static int y[] = (int []) {1, 2, 3};
+ static int z[] = (int [3]) {1};
+
+The above lines are equivalent to the following:
+ static struct foo x = {1, 'a', 'b'};
+ static int y[] = {1, 2, 3};
+ static int z[] = {1, 0, 0};
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Designated Inits, Next: Cast to Union, Prev: Compound Literals, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.23 Designated Initializers
+============================
+
+Standard C89 requires the elements of an initializer to appear in a
+fixed order, the same as the order of the elements in the array or
+structure being initialized.
+
+ In ISO C99 you can give the elements in any order, specifying the array
+indices or structure field names they apply to, and GNU C allows this as
+an extension in C89 mode as well. This extension is not implemented in
+GNU C++.
+
+ To specify an array index, write `[INDEX] =' before the element value.
+For example,
+
+ int a[6] = { [4] = 29, [2] = 15 };
+
+is equivalent to
+
+ int a[6] = { 0, 0, 15, 0, 29, 0 };
+
+The index values must be constant expressions, even if the array being
+initialized is automatic.
+
+ An alternative syntax for this which has been obsolete since GCC 2.5
+but GCC still accepts is to write `[INDEX]' before the element value,
+with no `='.
+
+ To initialize a range of elements to the same value, write `[FIRST ...
+LAST] = VALUE'. This is a GNU extension. For example,
+
+ int widths[] = { [0 ... 9] = 1, [10 ... 99] = 2, [100] = 3 };
+
+If the value in it has side-effects, the side-effects will happen only
+once, not for each initialized field by the range initializer.
+
+Note that the length of the array is the highest value specified plus
+one.
+
+ In a structure initializer, specify the name of a field to initialize
+with `.FIELDNAME =' before the element value. For example, given the
+following structure,
+
+ struct point { int x, y; };
+
+the following initialization
+
+ struct point p = { .y = yvalue, .x = xvalue };
+
+is equivalent to
+
+ struct point p = { xvalue, yvalue };
+
+ Another syntax which has the same meaning, obsolete since GCC 2.5, is
+`FIELDNAME:', as shown here:
+
+ struct point p = { y: yvalue, x: xvalue };
+
+ The `[INDEX]' or `.FIELDNAME' is known as a "designator". You can
+also use a designator (or the obsolete colon syntax) when initializing
+a union, to specify which element of the union should be used. For
+example,
+
+ union foo { int i; double d; };
+
+ union foo f = { .d = 4 };
+
+will convert 4 to a `double' to store it in the union using the second
+element. By contrast, casting 4 to type `union foo' would store it
+into the union as the integer `i', since it is an integer. (*Note Cast
+to Union::.)
+
+ You can combine this technique of naming elements with ordinary C
+initialization of successive elements. Each initializer element that
+does not have a designator applies to the next consecutive element of
+the array or structure. For example,
+
+ int a[6] = { [1] = v1, v2, [4] = v4 };
+
+is equivalent to
+
+ int a[6] = { 0, v1, v2, 0, v4, 0 };
+
+ Labeling the elements of an array initializer is especially useful
+when the indices are characters or belong to an `enum' type. For
+example:
+
+ int whitespace[256]
+ = { [' '] = 1, ['\t'] = 1, ['\h'] = 1,
+ ['\f'] = 1, ['\n'] = 1, ['\r'] = 1 };
+
+ You can also write a series of `.FIELDNAME' and `[INDEX]' designators
+before an `=' to specify a nested subobject to initialize; the list is
+taken relative to the subobject corresponding to the closest
+surrounding brace pair. For example, with the `struct point'
+declaration above:
+
+ struct point ptarray[10] = { [2].y = yv2, [2].x = xv2, [0].x = xv0 };
+
+If the same field is initialized multiple times, it will have value from
+the last initialization. If any such overridden initialization has
+side-effect, it is unspecified whether the side-effect happens or not.
+Currently, GCC will discard them and issue a warning.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Case Ranges, Next: Mixed Declarations, Prev: Cast to Union, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.24 Case Ranges
+================
+
+You can specify a range of consecutive values in a single `case' label,
+like this:
+
+ case LOW ... HIGH:
+
+This has the same effect as the proper number of individual `case'
+labels, one for each integer value from LOW to HIGH, inclusive.
+
+ This feature is especially useful for ranges of ASCII character codes:
+
+ case 'A' ... 'Z':
+
+ *Be careful:* Write spaces around the `...', for otherwise it may be
+parsed wrong when you use it with integer values. For example, write
+this:
+
+ case 1 ... 5:
+
+rather than this:
+
+ case 1...5:
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Cast to Union, Next: Case Ranges, Prev: Designated Inits, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.25 Cast to a Union Type
+=========================
+
+A cast to union type is similar to other casts, except that the type
+specified is a union type. You can specify the type either with `union
+TAG' or with a typedef name. A cast to union is actually a constructor
+though, not a cast, and hence does not yield an lvalue like normal
+casts. (*Note Compound Literals::.)
+
+ The types that may be cast to the union type are those of the members
+of the union. Thus, given the following union and variables:
+
+ union foo { int i; double d; };
+ int x;
+ double y;
+
+both `x' and `y' can be cast to type `union foo'.
+
+ Using the cast as the right-hand side of an assignment to a variable of
+union type is equivalent to storing in a member of the union:
+
+ union foo u;
+ /* ... */
+ u = (union foo) x == u.i = x
+ u = (union foo) y == u.d = y
+
+ You can also use the union cast as a function argument:
+
+ void hack (union foo);
+ /* ... */
+ hack ((union foo) x);
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Mixed Declarations, Next: Function Attributes, Prev: Case Ranges, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.26 Mixed Declarations and Code
+================================
+
+ISO C99 and ISO C++ allow declarations and code to be freely mixed
+within compound statements. As an extension, GCC also allows this in
+C89 mode. For example, you could do:
+
+ int i;
+ /* ... */
+ i++;
+ int j = i + 2;
+
+ Each identifier is visible from where it is declared until the end of
+the enclosing block.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Function Attributes, Next: Attribute Syntax, Prev: Mixed Declarations, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.27 Declaring Attributes of Functions
+======================================
+
+In GNU C, you declare certain things about functions called in your
+program which help the compiler optimize function calls and check your
+code more carefully.
+
+ The keyword `__attribute__' allows you to specify special attributes
+when making a declaration. This keyword is followed by an attribute
+specification inside double parentheses. The following attributes are
+currently defined for functions on all targets: `aligned',
+`alloc_size', `noreturn', `returns_twice', `noinline', `always_inline',
+`flatten', `pure', `const', `nothrow', `sentinel', `format',
+`format_arg', `no_instrument_function', `section', `constructor',
+`destructor', `used', `unused', `deprecated', `weak', `malloc',
+`alias', `warn_unused_result', `nonnull', `gnu_inline',
+`externally_visible', `hot', `cold', `artificial', `error' and
+`warning'. Several other attributes are defined for functions on
+particular target systems. Other attributes, including `section' are
+supported for variables declarations (*note Variable Attributes::) and
+for types (*note Type Attributes::).
+
+ You may also specify attributes with `__' preceding and following each
+keyword. This allows you to use them in header files without being
+concerned about a possible macro of the same name. For example, you
+may use `__noreturn__' instead of `noreturn'.
+
+ *Note Attribute Syntax::, for details of the exact syntax for using
+attributes.
+
+`alias ("TARGET")'
+ The `alias' attribute causes the declaration to be emitted as an
+ alias for another symbol, which must be specified. For instance,
+
+ void __f () { /* Do something. */; }
+ void f () __attribute__ ((weak, alias ("__f")));
+
+ defines `f' to be a weak alias for `__f'. In C++, the mangled
+ name for the target must be used. It is an error if `__f' is not
+ defined in the same translation unit.
+
+ Not all target machines support this attribute.
+
+`aligned (ALIGNMENT)'
+ This attribute specifies a minimum alignment for the function,
+ measured in bytes.
+
+ You cannot use this attribute to decrease the alignment of a
+ function, only to increase it. However, when you explicitly
+ specify a function alignment this will override the effect of the
+ `-falign-functions' (*note Optimize Options::) option for this
+ function.
+
+ Note that the effectiveness of `aligned' attributes may be limited
+ by inherent limitations in your linker. On many systems, the
+ linker is only able to arrange for functions to be aligned up to a
+ certain maximum alignment. (For some linkers, the maximum
+ supported alignment may be very very small.) See your linker
+ documentation for further information.
+
+ The `aligned' attribute can also be used for variables and fields
+ (*note Variable Attributes::.)
+
+`alloc_size'
+ The `alloc_size' attribute is used to tell the compiler that the
+ function return value points to memory, where the size is given by
+ one or two of the functions parameters. GCC uses this information
+ to improve the correctness of `__builtin_object_size'.
+
+ The function parameter(s) denoting the allocated size are
+ specified by one or two integer arguments supplied to the
+ attribute. The allocated size is either the value of the single
+ function argument specified or the product of the two function
+ arguments specified. Argument numbering starts at one.
+
+ For instance,
+
+ void* my_calloc(size_t, size_t) __attribute__((alloc_size(1,2)))
+ void my_realloc(void*, size_t) __attribute__((alloc_size(2)))
+
+ declares that my_calloc will return memory of the size given by
+ the product of parameter 1 and 2 and that my_realloc will return
+ memory of the size given by parameter 2.
+
+`always_inline'
+ Generally, functions are not inlined unless optimization is
+ specified. For functions declared inline, this attribute inlines
+ the function even if no optimization level was specified.
+
+`gnu_inline'
+ This attribute should be used with a function which is also
+ declared with the `inline' keyword. It directs GCC to treat the
+ function as if it were defined in gnu89 mode even when compiling
+ in C99 or gnu99 mode.
+
+ If the function is declared `extern', then this definition of the
+ function is used only for inlining. In no case is the function
+ compiled as a standalone function, not even if you take its address
+ explicitly. Such an address becomes an external reference, as if
+ you had only declared the function, and had not defined it. This
+ has almost the effect of a macro. The way to use this is to put a
+ function definition in a header file with this attribute, and put
+ another copy of the function, without `extern', in a library file.
+ The definition in the header file will cause most calls to the
+ function to be inlined. If any uses of the function remain, they
+ will refer to the single copy in the library. Note that the two
+ definitions of the functions need not be precisely the same,
+ although if they do not have the same effect your program may
+ behave oddly.
+
+ In C, if the function is neither `extern' nor `static', then the
+ function is compiled as a standalone function, as well as being
+ inlined where possible.
+
+ This is how GCC traditionally handled functions declared `inline'.
+ Since ISO C99 specifies a different semantics for `inline', this
+ function attribute is provided as a transition measure and as a
+ useful feature in its own right. This attribute is available in
+ GCC 4.1.3 and later. It is available if either of the
+ preprocessor macros `__GNUC_GNU_INLINE__' or
+ `__GNUC_STDC_INLINE__' are defined. *Note An Inline Function is
+ As Fast As a Macro: Inline.
+
+ In C++, this attribute does not depend on `extern' in any way, but
+ it still requires the `inline' keyword to enable its special
+ behavior.
+
+`artificial'
+ This attribute is useful for small inline wrappers which if
+ possible should appear during debugging as a unit, depending on
+ the debug info format it will either mean marking the function as
+ artificial or using the caller location for all instructions
+ within the inlined body.
+
+`flatten'
+ Generally, inlining into a function is limited. For a function
+ marked with this attribute, every call inside this function will
+ be inlined, if possible. Whether the function itself is
+ considered for inlining depends on its size and the current
+ inlining parameters.
+
+`error ("MESSAGE")'
+ If this attribute is used on a function declaration and a call to
+ such a function is not eliminated through dead code elimination or
+ other optimizations, an error which will include MESSAGE will be
+ diagnosed. This is useful for compile time checking, especially
+ together with `__builtin_constant_p' and inline functions where
+ checking the inline function arguments is not possible through
+ `extern char [(condition) ? 1 : -1];' tricks. While it is
+ possible to leave the function undefined and thus invoke a link
+ failure, when using this attribute the problem will be diagnosed
+ earlier and with exact location of the call even in presence of
+ inline functions or when not emitting debugging information.
+
+`warning ("MESSAGE")'
+ If this attribute is used on a function declaration and a call to
+ such a function is not eliminated through dead code elimination or
+ other optimizations, a warning which will include MESSAGE will be
+ diagnosed. This is useful for compile time checking, especially
+ together with `__builtin_constant_p' and inline functions. While
+ it is possible to define the function with a message in
+ `.gnu.warning*' section, when using this attribute the problem
+ will be diagnosed earlier and with exact location of the call even
+ in presence of inline functions or when not emitting debugging
+ information.
+
+`cdecl'
+ On the Intel 386, the `cdecl' attribute causes the compiler to
+ assume that the calling function will pop off the stack space used
+ to pass arguments. This is useful to override the effects of the
+ `-mrtd' switch.
+
+`const'
+ Many functions do not examine any values except their arguments,
+ and have no effects except the return value. Basically this is
+ just slightly more strict class than the `pure' attribute below,
+ since function is not allowed to read global memory.
+
+ Note that a function that has pointer arguments and examines the
+ data pointed to must _not_ be declared `const'. Likewise, a
+ function that calls a non-`const' function usually must not be
+ `const'. It does not make sense for a `const' function to return
+ `void'.
+
+ The attribute `const' is not implemented in GCC versions earlier
+ than 2.5. An alternative way to declare that a function has no
+ side effects, which works in the current version and in some older
+ versions, is as follows:
+
+ typedef int intfn ();
+
+ extern const intfn square;
+
+ This approach does not work in GNU C++ from 2.6.0 on, since the
+ language specifies that the `const' must be attached to the return
+ value.
+
+`constructor'
+`destructor'
+`constructor (PRIORITY)'
+`destructor (PRIORITY)'
+ The `constructor' attribute causes the function to be called
+ automatically before execution enters `main ()'. Similarly, the
+ `destructor' attribute causes the function to be called
+ automatically after `main ()' has completed or `exit ()' has been
+ called. Functions with these attributes are useful for
+ initializing data that will be used implicitly during the
+ execution of the program.
+
+ You may provide an optional integer priority to control the order
+ in which constructor and destructor functions are run. A
+ constructor with a smaller priority number runs before a
+ constructor with a larger priority number; the opposite
+ relationship holds for destructors. So, if you have a constructor
+ that allocates a resource and a destructor that deallocates the
+ same resource, both functions typically have the same priority.
+ The priorities for constructor and destructor functions are the
+ same as those specified for namespace-scope C++ objects (*note C++
+ Attributes::).
+
+ These attributes are not currently implemented for Objective-C.
+
+`deprecated'
+ The `deprecated' attribute results in a warning if the function is
+ used anywhere in the source file. This is useful when identifying
+ functions that are expected to be removed in a future version of a
+ program. The warning also includes the location of the declaration
+ of the deprecated function, to enable users to easily find further
+ information about why the function is deprecated, or what they
+ should do instead. Note that the warnings only occurs for uses:
+
+ int old_fn () __attribute__ ((deprecated));
+ int old_fn ();
+ int (*fn_ptr)() = old_fn;
+
+ results in a warning on line 3 but not line 2.
+
+ The `deprecated' attribute can also be used for variables and
+ types (*note Variable Attributes::, *note Type Attributes::.)
+
+`dllexport'
+ On Microsoft Windows targets and Symbian OS targets the
+ `dllexport' attribute causes the compiler to provide a global
+ pointer to a pointer in a DLL, so that it can be referenced with
+ the `dllimport' attribute. On Microsoft Windows targets, the
+ pointer name is formed by combining `_imp__' and the function or
+ variable name.
+
+ You can use `__declspec(dllexport)' as a synonym for
+ `__attribute__ ((dllexport))' for compatibility with other
+ compilers.
+
+ On systems that support the `visibility' attribute, this attribute
+ also implies "default" visibility. It is an error to explicitly
+ specify any other visibility.
+
+ Currently, the `dllexport' attribute is ignored for inlined
+ functions, unless the `-fkeep-inline-functions' flag has been
+ used. The attribute is also ignored for undefined symbols.
+
+ When applied to C++ classes, the attribute marks defined
+ non-inlined member functions and static data members as exports.
+ Static consts initialized in-class are not marked unless they are
+ also defined out-of-class.
+
+ For Microsoft Windows targets there are alternative methods for
+ including the symbol in the DLL's export table such as using a
+ `.def' file with an `EXPORTS' section or, with GNU ld, using the
+ `--export-all' linker flag.
+
+`dllimport'
+ On Microsoft Windows and Symbian OS targets, the `dllimport'
+ attribute causes the compiler to reference a function or variable
+ via a global pointer to a pointer that is set up by the DLL
+ exporting the symbol. The attribute implies `extern'. On
+ Microsoft Windows targets, the pointer name is formed by combining
+ `_imp__' and the function or variable name.
+
+ You can use `__declspec(dllimport)' as a synonym for
+ `__attribute__ ((dllimport))' for compatibility with other
+ compilers.
+
+ On systems that support the `visibility' attribute, this attribute
+ also implies "default" visibility. It is an error to explicitly
+ specify any other visibility.
+
+ Currently, the attribute is ignored for inlined functions. If the
+ attribute is applied to a symbol _definition_, an error is
+ reported. If a symbol previously declared `dllimport' is later
+ defined, the attribute is ignored in subsequent references, and a
+ warning is emitted. The attribute is also overridden by a
+ subsequent declaration as `dllexport'.
+
+ When applied to C++ classes, the attribute marks non-inlined
+ member functions and static data members as imports. However, the
+ attribute is ignored for virtual methods to allow creation of
+ vtables using thunks.
+
+ On the SH Symbian OS target the `dllimport' attribute also has
+ another affect--it can cause the vtable and run-time type
+ information for a class to be exported. This happens when the
+ class has a dllimport'ed constructor or a non-inline, non-pure
+ virtual function and, for either of those two conditions, the
+ class also has a inline constructor or destructor and has a key
+ function that is defined in the current translation unit.
+
+ For Microsoft Windows based targets the use of the `dllimport'
+ attribute on functions is not necessary, but provides a small
+ performance benefit by eliminating a thunk in the DLL. The use of
+ the `dllimport' attribute on imported variables was required on
+ older versions of the GNU linker, but can now be avoided by
+ passing the `--enable-auto-import' switch to the GNU linker. As
+ with functions, using the attribute for a variable eliminates a
+ thunk in the DLL.
+
+ One drawback to using this attribute is that a pointer to a
+ _variable_ marked as `dllimport' cannot be used as a constant
+ address. However, a pointer to a _function_ with the `dllimport'
+ attribute can be used as a constant initializer; in this case, the
+ address of a stub function in the import lib is referenced. On
+ Microsoft Windows targets, the attribute can be disabled for
+ functions by setting the `-mnop-fun-dllimport' flag.
+
+`eightbit_data'
+ Use this attribute on the H8/300, H8/300H, and H8S to indicate
+ that the specified variable should be placed into the eight bit
+ data section. The compiler will generate more efficient code for
+ certain operations on data in the eight bit data area. Note the
+ eight bit data area is limited to 256 bytes of data.
+
+ You must use GAS and GLD from GNU binutils version 2.7 or later for
+ this attribute to work correctly.
+
+`exception_handler'
+ Use this attribute on the Blackfin to indicate that the specified
+ function is an exception handler. The compiler will generate
+ function entry and exit sequences suitable for use in an exception
+ handler when this attribute is present.
+
+`externally_visible'
+ This attribute, attached to a global variable or function,
+ nullifies the effect of the `-fwhole-program' command-line option,
+ so the object remains visible outside the current compilation unit.
+
+`far'
+ On 68HC11 and 68HC12 the `far' attribute causes the compiler to
+ use a calling convention that takes care of switching memory banks
+ when entering and leaving a function. This calling convention is
+ also the default when using the `-mlong-calls' option.
+
+ On 68HC12 the compiler will use the `call' and `rtc' instructions
+ to call and return from a function.
+
+ On 68HC11 the compiler will generate a sequence of instructions to
+ invoke a board-specific routine to switch the memory bank and call
+ the real function. The board-specific routine simulates a `call'.
+ At the end of a function, it will jump to a board-specific routine
+ instead of using `rts'. The board-specific return routine
+ simulates the `rtc'.
+
+`fastcall'
+ On the Intel 386, the `fastcall' attribute causes the compiler to
+ pass the first argument (if of integral type) in the register ECX
+ and the second argument (if of integral type) in the register EDX.
+ Subsequent and other typed arguments are passed on the stack. The
+ called function will pop the arguments off the stack. If the
+ number of arguments is variable all arguments are pushed on the
+ stack.
+
+`format (ARCHETYPE, STRING-INDEX, FIRST-TO-CHECK)'
+ The `format' attribute specifies that a function takes `printf',
+ `scanf', `strftime' or `strfmon' style arguments which should be
+ type-checked against a format string. For example, the
+ declaration:
+
+ extern int
+ my_printf (void *my_object, const char *my_format, ...)
+ __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+ causes the compiler to check the arguments in calls to `my_printf'
+ for consistency with the `printf' style format string argument
+ `my_format'.
+
+ The parameter ARCHETYPE determines how the format string is
+ interpreted, and should be `printf', `scanf', `strftime',
+ `gnu_printf', `gnu_scanf', `gnu_strftime' or `strfmon'. (You can
+ also use `__printf__', `__scanf__', `__strftime__' or
+ `__strfmon__'.) On MinGW targets, `ms_printf', `ms_scanf', and
+ `ms_strftime' are also present. ARCHTYPE values such as `printf'
+ refer to the formats accepted by the system's C run-time library,
+ while `gnu_' values always refer to the formats accepted by the
+ GNU C Library. On Microsoft Windows targets, `ms_' values refer
+ to the formats accepted by the `msvcrt.dll' library. The
+ parameter STRING-INDEX specifies which argument is the format
+ string argument (starting from 1), while FIRST-TO-CHECK is the
+ number of the first argument to check against the format string.
+ For functions where the arguments are not available to be checked
+ (such as `vprintf'), specify the third parameter as zero. In this
+ case the compiler only checks the format string for consistency.
+ For `strftime' formats, the third parameter is required to be zero.
+ Since non-static C++ methods have an implicit `this' argument, the
+ arguments of such methods should be counted from two, not one, when
+ giving values for STRING-INDEX and FIRST-TO-CHECK.
+
+ In the example above, the format string (`my_format') is the second
+ argument of the function `my_print', and the arguments to check
+ start with the third argument, so the correct parameters for the
+ format attribute are 2 and 3.
+
+ The `format' attribute allows you to identify your own functions
+ which take format strings as arguments, so that GCC can check the
+ calls to these functions for errors. The compiler always (unless
+ `-ffreestanding' or `-fno-builtin' is used) checks formats for the
+ standard library functions `printf', `fprintf', `sprintf',
+ `scanf', `fscanf', `sscanf', `strftime', `vprintf', `vfprintf' and
+ `vsprintf' whenever such warnings are requested (using
+ `-Wformat'), so there is no need to modify the header file
+ `stdio.h'. In C99 mode, the functions `snprintf', `vsnprintf',
+ `vscanf', `vfscanf' and `vsscanf' are also checked. Except in
+ strictly conforming C standard modes, the X/Open function
+ `strfmon' is also checked as are `printf_unlocked' and
+ `fprintf_unlocked'. *Note Options Controlling C Dialect: C
+ Dialect Options.
+
+ The target may provide additional types of format checks. *Note
+ Format Checks Specific to Particular Target Machines: Target
+ Format Checks.
+
+`format_arg (STRING-INDEX)'
+ The `format_arg' attribute specifies that a function takes a format
+ string for a `printf', `scanf', `strftime' or `strfmon' style
+ function and modifies it (for example, to translate it into
+ another language), so the result can be passed to a `printf',
+ `scanf', `strftime' or `strfmon' style function (with the
+ remaining arguments to the format function the same as they would
+ have been for the unmodified string). For example, the
+ declaration:
+
+ extern char *
+ my_dgettext (char *my_domain, const char *my_format)
+ __attribute__ ((format_arg (2)));
+
+ causes the compiler to check the arguments in calls to a `printf',
+ `scanf', `strftime' or `strfmon' type function, whose format
+ string argument is a call to the `my_dgettext' function, for
+ consistency with the format string argument `my_format'. If the
+ `format_arg' attribute had not been specified, all the compiler
+ could tell in such calls to format functions would be that the
+ format string argument is not constant; this would generate a
+ warning when `-Wformat-nonliteral' is used, but the calls could
+ not be checked without the attribute.
+
+ The parameter STRING-INDEX specifies which argument is the format
+ string argument (starting from one). Since non-static C++ methods
+ have an implicit `this' argument, the arguments of such methods
+ should be counted from two.
+
+ The `format-arg' attribute allows you to identify your own
+ functions which modify format strings, so that GCC can check the
+ calls to `printf', `scanf', `strftime' or `strfmon' type function
+ whose operands are a call to one of your own function. The
+ compiler always treats `gettext', `dgettext', and `dcgettext' in
+ this manner except when strict ISO C support is requested by
+ `-ansi' or an appropriate `-std' option, or `-ffreestanding' or
+ `-fno-builtin' is used. *Note Options Controlling C Dialect: C
+ Dialect Options.
+
+`function_vector'
+ Use this attribute on the H8/300, H8/300H, and H8S to indicate
+ that the specified function should be called through the function
+ vector. Calling a function through the function vector will
+ reduce code size, however; the function vector has a limited size
+ (maximum 128 entries on the H8/300 and 64 entries on the H8/300H
+ and H8S) and shares space with the interrupt vector.
+
+ In SH2A target, this attribute declares a function to be called
+ using the TBR relative addressing mode. The argument to this
+ attribute is the entry number of the same function in a vector
+ table containing all the TBR relative addressable functions. For
+ the successful jump, register TBR should contain the start address
+ of this TBR relative vector table. In the startup routine of the
+ user application, user needs to care of this TBR register
+ initialization. The TBR relative vector table can have at max 256
+ function entries. The jumps to these functions will be generated
+ using a SH2A specific, non delayed branch instruction JSR/N
+ @(disp8,TBR). You must use GAS and GLD from GNU binutils version
+ 2.7 or later for this attribute to work correctly.
+
+ Please refer the example of M16C target, to see the use of this
+ attribute while declaring a function,
+
+ In an application, for a function being called once, this
+ attribute will save at least 8 bytes of code; and if other
+ successive calls are being made to the same function, it will save
+ 2 bytes of code per each of these calls.
+
+ On M16C/M32C targets, the `function_vector' attribute declares a
+ special page subroutine call function. Use of this attribute
+ reduces the code size by 2 bytes for each call generated to the
+ subroutine. The argument to the attribute is the vector number
+ entry from the special page vector table which contains the 16
+ low-order bits of the subroutine's entry address. Each vector
+ table has special page number (18 to 255) which are used in `jsrs'
+ instruction. Jump addresses of the routines are generated by
+ adding 0x0F0000 (in case of M16C targets) or 0xFF0000 (in case of
+ M32C targets), to the 2 byte addresses set in the vector table.
+ Therefore you need to ensure that all the special page vector
+ routines should get mapped within the address range 0x0F0000 to
+ 0x0FFFFF (for M16C) and 0xFF0000 to 0xFFFFFF (for M32C).
+
+ In the following example 2 bytes will be saved for each call to
+ function `foo'.
+
+ void foo (void) __attribute__((function_vector(0x18)));
+ void foo (void)
+ {
+ }
+
+ void bar (void)
+ {
+ foo();
+ }
+
+ If functions are defined in one file and are called in another
+ file, then be sure to write this declaration in both files.
+
+ This attribute is ignored for R8C target.
+
+`interrupt'
+ Use this attribute on the ARM, AVR, CRX, M32C, M32R/D, m68k, and
+ Xstormy16 ports to indicate that the specified function is an
+ interrupt handler. The compiler will generate function entry and
+ exit sequences suitable for use in an interrupt handler when this
+ attribute is present.
+
+ Note, interrupt handlers for the Blackfin, H8/300, H8/300H, H8S,
+ and SH processors can be specified via the `interrupt_handler'
+ attribute.
+
+ Note, on the AVR, interrupts will be enabled inside the function.
+
+ Note, for the ARM, you can specify the kind of interrupt to be
+ handled by adding an optional parameter to the interrupt attribute
+ like this:
+
+ void f () __attribute__ ((interrupt ("IRQ")));
+
+ Permissible values for this parameter are: IRQ, FIQ, SWI, ABORT
+ and UNDEF.
+
+ On ARMv7-M the interrupt type is ignored, and the attribute means
+ the function may be called with a word aligned stack pointer.
+
+`interrupt_handler'
+ Use this attribute on the Blackfin, m68k, H8/300, H8/300H, H8S,
+ and SH to indicate that the specified function is an interrupt
+ handler. The compiler will generate function entry and exit
+ sequences suitable for use in an interrupt handler when this
+ attribute is present.
+
+`interrupt_thread'
+ Use this attribute on fido, a subarchitecture of the m68k, to
+ indicate that the specified function is an interrupt handler that
+ is designed to run as a thread. The compiler omits generate
+ prologue/epilogue sequences and replaces the return instruction
+ with a `sleep' instruction. This attribute is available only on
+ fido.
+
+`isr'
+ Use this attribute on ARM to write Interrupt Service Routines.
+ This is an alias to the `interrupt' attribute above.
+
+`kspisusp'
+ When used together with `interrupt_handler', `exception_handler'
+ or `nmi_handler', code will be generated to load the stack pointer
+ from the USP register in the function prologue.
+
+`l1_text'
+ This attribute specifies a function to be placed into L1
+ Instruction SRAM. The function will be put into a specific section
+ named `.l1.text'. With `-mfdpic', function calls with a such
+ function as the callee or caller will use inlined PLT.
+
+`long_call/short_call'
+ This attribute specifies how a particular function is called on
+ ARM. Both attributes override the `-mlong-calls' (*note ARM
+ Options::) command line switch and `#pragma long_calls' settings.
+ The `long_call' attribute indicates that the function might be far
+ away from the call site and require a different (more expensive)
+ calling sequence. The `short_call' attribute always places the
+ offset to the function from the call site into the `BL'
+ instruction directly.
+
+`longcall/shortcall'
+ On the Blackfin, RS/6000 and PowerPC, the `longcall' attribute
+ indicates that the function might be far away from the call site
+ and require a different (more expensive) calling sequence. The
+ `shortcall' attribute indicates that the function is always close
+ enough for the shorter calling sequence to be used. These
+ attributes override both the `-mlongcall' switch and, on the
+ RS/6000 and PowerPC, the `#pragma longcall' setting.
+
+ *Note RS/6000 and PowerPC Options::, for more information on
+ whether long calls are necessary.
+
+`long_call/near/far'
+ These attributes specify how a particular function is called on
+ MIPS. The attributes override the `-mlong-calls' (*note MIPS
+ Options::) command-line switch. The `long_call' and `far'
+ attributes are synonyms, and cause the compiler to always call the
+ function by first loading its address into a register, and then
+ using the contents of that register. The `near' attribute has the
+ opposite effect; it specifies that non-PIC calls should be made
+ using the more efficient `jal' instruction.
+
+`malloc'
+ The `malloc' attribute is used to tell the compiler that a function
+ may be treated as if any non-`NULL' pointer it returns cannot
+ alias any other pointer valid when the function returns. This
+ will often improve optimization. Standard functions with this
+ property include `malloc' and `calloc'. `realloc'-like functions
+ have this property as long as the old pointer is never referred to
+ (including comparing it to the new pointer) after the function
+ returns a non-`NULL' value.
+
+`mips16/nomips16'
+ On MIPS targets, you can use the `mips16' and `nomips16' function
+ attributes to locally select or turn off MIPS16 code generation.
+ A function with the `mips16' attribute is emitted as MIPS16 code,
+ while MIPS16 code generation is disabled for functions with the
+ `nomips16' attribute. These attributes override the `-mips16' and
+ `-mno-mips16' options on the command line (*note MIPS Options::).
+
+ When compiling files containing mixed MIPS16 and non-MIPS16 code,
+ the preprocessor symbol `__mips16' reflects the setting on the
+ command line, not that within individual functions. Mixed MIPS16
+ and non-MIPS16 code may interact badly with some GCC extensions
+ such as `__builtin_apply' (*note Constructing Calls::).
+
+`model (MODEL-NAME)'
+ On the M32R/D, use this attribute to set the addressability of an
+ object, and of the code generated for a function. The identifier
+ MODEL-NAME is one of `small', `medium', or `large', representing
+ each of the code models.
+
+ Small model objects live in the lower 16MB of memory (so that their
+ addresses can be loaded with the `ld24' instruction), and are
+ callable with the `bl' instruction.
+
+ Medium model objects may live anywhere in the 32-bit address space
+ (the compiler will generate `seth/add3' instructions to load their
+ addresses), and are callable with the `bl' instruction.
+
+ Large model objects may live anywhere in the 32-bit address space
+ (the compiler will generate `seth/add3' instructions to load their
+ addresses), and may not be reachable with the `bl' instruction
+ (the compiler will generate the much slower `seth/add3/jl'
+ instruction sequence).
+
+ On IA-64, use this attribute to set the addressability of an
+ object. At present, the only supported identifier for MODEL-NAME
+ is `small', indicating addressability via "small" (22-bit)
+ addresses (so that their addresses can be loaded with the `addl'
+ instruction). Caveat: such addressing is by definition not
+ position independent and hence this attribute must not be used for
+ objects defined by shared libraries.
+
+`ms_abi/sysv_abi'
+ On 64-bit x86_64-*-* targets, you can use an ABI attribute to
+ indicate which calling convention should be used for a function.
+ The `ms_abi' attribute tells the compiler to use the Microsoft
+ ABI, while the `sysv_abi' attribute tells the compiler to use the
+ ABI used on GNU/Linux and other systems. The default is to use
+ the Microsoft ABI when targeting Windows. On all other systems,
+ the default is the AMD ABI.
+
+ Note, This feature is currently sorried out for Windows targets
+ trying to
+
+`naked'
+ Use this attribute on the ARM, AVR, IP2K and SPU ports to indicate
+ that the specified function does not need prologue/epilogue
+ sequences generated by the compiler. It is up to the programmer
+ to provide these sequences. The only statements that can be safely
+ included in naked functions are `asm' statements that do not have
+ operands. All other statements, including declarations of local
+ variables, `if' statements, and so forth, should be avoided.
+ Naked functions should be used to implement the body of an
+ assembly function, while allowing the compiler to construct the
+ requisite function declaration for the assembler.
+
+`near'
+ On 68HC11 and 68HC12 the `near' attribute causes the compiler to
+ use the normal calling convention based on `jsr' and `rts'. This
+ attribute can be used to cancel the effect of the `-mlong-calls'
+ option.
+
+`nesting'
+ Use this attribute together with `interrupt_handler',
+ `exception_handler' or `nmi_handler' to indicate that the function
+ entry code should enable nested interrupts or exceptions.
+
+`nmi_handler'
+ Use this attribute on the Blackfin to indicate that the specified
+ function is an NMI handler. The compiler will generate function
+ entry and exit sequences suitable for use in an NMI handler when
+ this attribute is present.
+
+`no_instrument_function'
+ If `-finstrument-functions' is given, profiling function calls will
+ be generated at entry and exit of most user-compiled functions.
+ Functions with this attribute will not be so instrumented.
+
+`noinline'
+ This function attribute prevents a function from being considered
+ for inlining. If the function does not have side-effects, there
+ are optimizations other than inlining that causes function calls
+ to be optimized away, although the function call is live. To keep
+ such calls from being optimized away, put
+ asm ("");
+ (*note Extended Asm::) in the called function, to serve as a
+ special side-effect.
+
+`nonnull (ARG-INDEX, ...)'
+ The `nonnull' attribute specifies that some function parameters
+ should be non-null pointers. For instance, the declaration:
+
+ extern void *
+ my_memcpy (void *dest, const void *src, size_t len)
+ __attribute__((nonnull (1, 2)));
+
+ causes the compiler to check that, in calls to `my_memcpy',
+ arguments DEST and SRC are non-null. If the compiler determines
+ that a null pointer is passed in an argument slot marked as
+ non-null, and the `-Wnonnull' option is enabled, a warning is
+ issued. The compiler may also choose to make optimizations based
+ on the knowledge that certain function arguments will not be null.
+
+ If no argument index list is given to the `nonnull' attribute, all
+ pointer arguments are marked as non-null. To illustrate, the
+ following declaration is equivalent to the previous example:
+
+ extern void *
+ my_memcpy (void *dest, const void *src, size_t len)
+ __attribute__((nonnull));
+
+`noreturn'
+ A few standard library functions, such as `abort' and `exit',
+ cannot return. GCC knows this automatically. Some programs define
+ their own functions that never return. You can declare them
+ `noreturn' to tell the compiler this fact. For example,
+
+ void fatal () __attribute__ ((noreturn));
+
+ void
+ fatal (/* ... */)
+ {
+ /* ... */ /* Print error message. */ /* ... */
+ exit (1);
+ }
+
+ The `noreturn' keyword tells the compiler to assume that `fatal'
+ cannot return. It can then optimize without regard to what would
+ happen if `fatal' ever did return. This makes slightly better
+ code. More importantly, it helps avoid spurious warnings of
+ uninitialized variables.
+
+ The `noreturn' keyword does not affect the exceptional path when
+ that applies: a `noreturn'-marked function may still return to the
+ caller by throwing an exception or calling `longjmp'.
+
+ Do not assume that registers saved by the calling function are
+ restored before calling the `noreturn' function.
+
+ It does not make sense for a `noreturn' function to have a return
+ type other than `void'.
+
+ The attribute `noreturn' is not implemented in GCC versions
+ earlier than 2.5. An alternative way to declare that a function
+ does not return, which works in the current version and in some
+ older versions, is as follows:
+
+ typedef void voidfn ();
+
+ volatile voidfn fatal;
+
+ This approach does not work in GNU C++.
+
+`nothrow'
+ The `nothrow' attribute is used to inform the compiler that a
+ function cannot throw an exception. For example, most functions in
+ the standard C library can be guaranteed not to throw an exception
+ with the notable exceptions of `qsort' and `bsearch' that take
+ function pointer arguments. The `nothrow' attribute is not
+ implemented in GCC versions earlier than 3.3.
+
+`optimize'
+ The `optimize' attribute is used to specify that a function is to
+ be compiled with different optimization options than specified on
+ the command line. Arguments can either be numbers or strings.
+ Numbers are assumed to be an optimization level. Strings that
+ begin with `O' are assumed to be an optimization option, while
+ other options are assumed to be used with a `-f' prefix. You can
+ also use the `#pragma GCC optimize' pragma to set the optimization
+ options that affect more than one function. *Note Function
+ Specific Option Pragmas::, for details about the `#pragma GCC
+ optimize' pragma.
+
+ This can be used for instance to have frequently executed functions
+ compiled with more aggressive optimization options that produce
+ faster and larger code, while other functions can be called with
+ less aggressive options.
+
+`pure'
+ Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
+ return value depends only on the parameters and/or global
+ variables. Such a function can be subject to common subexpression
+ elimination and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator
+ would be. These functions should be declared with the attribute
+ `pure'. For example,
+
+ int square (int) __attribute__ ((pure));
+
+ says that the hypothetical function `square' is safe to call fewer
+ times than the program says.
+
+ Some of common examples of pure functions are `strlen' or `memcmp'.
+ Interesting non-pure functions are functions with infinite loops
+ or those depending on volatile memory or other system resource,
+ that may change between two consecutive calls (such as `feof' in a
+ multithreading environment).
+
+ The attribute `pure' is not implemented in GCC versions earlier
+ than 2.96.
+
+`hot'
+ The `hot' attribute is used to inform the compiler that a function
+ is a hot spot of the compiled program. The function is optimized
+ more aggressively and on many target it is placed into special
+ subsection of the text section so all hot functions appears close
+ together improving locality.
+
+ When profile feedback is available, via `-fprofile-use', hot
+ functions are automatically detected and this attribute is ignored.
+
+ The `hot' attribute is not implemented in GCC versions earlier
+ than 4.3.
+
+`cold'
+ The `cold' attribute is used to inform the compiler that a
+ function is unlikely executed. The function is optimized for size
+ rather than speed and on many targets it is placed into special
+ subsection of the text section so all cold functions appears close
+ together improving code locality of non-cold parts of program.
+ The paths leading to call of cold functions within code are marked
+ as unlikely by the branch prediction mechanism. It is thus useful
+ to mark functions used to handle unlikely conditions, such as
+ `perror', as cold to improve optimization of hot functions that do
+ call marked functions in rare occasions.
+
+ When profile feedback is available, via `-fprofile-use', hot
+ functions are automatically detected and this attribute is ignored.
+
+ The `cold' attribute is not implemented in GCC versions earlier
+ than 4.3.
+
+`regparm (NUMBER)'
+ On the Intel 386, the `regparm' attribute causes the compiler to
+ pass arguments number one to NUMBER if they are of integral type
+ in registers EAX, EDX, and ECX instead of on the stack. Functions
+ that take a variable number of arguments will continue to be
+ passed all of their arguments on the stack.
+
+ Beware that on some ELF systems this attribute is unsuitable for
+ global functions in shared libraries with lazy binding (which is
+ the default). Lazy binding will send the first call via resolving
+ code in the loader, which might assume EAX, EDX and ECX can be
+ clobbered, as per the standard calling conventions. Solaris 8 is
+ affected by this. GNU systems with GLIBC 2.1 or higher, and
+ FreeBSD, are believed to be safe since the loaders there save EAX,
+ EDX and ECX. (Lazy binding can be disabled with the linker or the
+ loader if desired, to avoid the problem.)
+
+`sseregparm'
+ On the Intel 386 with SSE support, the `sseregparm' attribute
+ causes the compiler to pass up to 3 floating point arguments in
+ SSE registers instead of on the stack. Functions that take a
+ variable number of arguments will continue to pass all of their
+ floating point arguments on the stack.
+
+`force_align_arg_pointer'
+ On the Intel x86, the `force_align_arg_pointer' attribute may be
+ applied to individual function definitions, generating an alternate
+ prologue and epilogue that realigns the runtime stack if necessary.
+ This supports mixing legacy codes that run with a 4-byte aligned
+ stack with modern codes that keep a 16-byte stack for SSE
+ compatibility.
+
+`resbank'
+ On the SH2A target, this attribute enables the high-speed register
+ saving and restoration using a register bank for
+ `interrupt_handler' routines. Saving to the bank is performed
+ automatically after the CPU accepts an interrupt that uses a
+ register bank.
+
+ The nineteen 32-bit registers comprising general register R0 to
+ R14, control register GBR, and system registers MACH, MACL, and PR
+ and the vector table address offset are saved into a register
+ bank. Register banks are stacked in first-in last-out (FILO)
+ sequence. Restoration from the bank is executed by issuing a
+ RESBANK instruction.
+
+`returns_twice'
+ The `returns_twice' attribute tells the compiler that a function
+ may return more than one time. The compiler will ensure that all
+ registers are dead before calling such a function and will emit a
+ warning about the variables that may be clobbered after the second
+ return from the function. Examples of such functions are `setjmp'
+ and `vfork'. The `longjmp'-like counterpart of such function, if
+ any, might need to be marked with the `noreturn' attribute.
+
+`saveall'
+ Use this attribute on the Blackfin, H8/300, H8/300H, and H8S to
+ indicate that all registers except the stack pointer should be
+ saved in the prologue regardless of whether they are used or not.
+
+`section ("SECTION-NAME")'
+ Normally, the compiler places the code it generates in the `text'
+ section. Sometimes, however, you need additional sections, or you
+ need certain particular functions to appear in special sections.
+ The `section' attribute specifies that a function lives in a
+ particular section. For example, the declaration:
+
+ extern void foobar (void) __attribute__ ((section ("bar")));
+
+ puts the function `foobar' in the `bar' section.
+
+ Some file formats do not support arbitrary sections so the
+ `section' attribute is not available on all platforms. If you
+ need to map the entire contents of a module to a particular
+ section, consider using the facilities of the linker instead.
+
+`sentinel'
+ This function attribute ensures that a parameter in a function
+ call is an explicit `NULL'. The attribute is only valid on
+ variadic functions. By default, the sentinel is located at
+ position zero, the last parameter of the function call. If an
+ optional integer position argument P is supplied to the attribute,
+ the sentinel must be located at position P counting backwards from
+ the end of the argument list.
+
+ __attribute__ ((sentinel))
+ is equivalent to
+ __attribute__ ((sentinel(0)))
+
+ The attribute is automatically set with a position of 0 for the
+ built-in functions `execl' and `execlp'. The built-in function
+ `execle' has the attribute set with a position of 1.
+
+ A valid `NULL' in this context is defined as zero with any pointer
+ type. If your system defines the `NULL' macro with an integer type
+ then you need to add an explicit cast. GCC replaces `stddef.h'
+ with a copy that redefines NULL appropriately.
+
+ The warnings for missing or incorrect sentinels are enabled with
+ `-Wformat'.
+
+`short_call'
+ See long_call/short_call.
+
+`shortcall'
+ See longcall/shortcall.
+
+`signal'
+ Use this attribute on the AVR to indicate that the specified
+ function is a signal handler. The compiler will generate function
+ entry and exit sequences suitable for use in a signal handler when
+ this attribute is present. Interrupts will be disabled inside the
+ function.
+
+`sp_switch'
+ Use this attribute on the SH to indicate an `interrupt_handler'
+ function should switch to an alternate stack. It expects a string
+ argument that names a global variable holding the address of the
+ alternate stack.
+
+ void *alt_stack;
+ void f () __attribute__ ((interrupt_handler,
+ sp_switch ("alt_stack")));
+
+`stdcall'
+ On the Intel 386, the `stdcall' attribute causes the compiler to
+ assume that the called function will pop off the stack space used
+ to pass arguments, unless it takes a variable number of arguments.
+
+`syscall_linkage'
+ This attribute is used to modify the IA64 calling convention by
+ marking all input registers as live at all function exits. This
+ makes it possible to restart a system call after an interrupt
+ without having to save/restore the input registers. This also
+ prevents kernel data from leaking into application code.
+
+`target'
+ The `target' attribute is used to specify that a function is to be
+ compiled with different target options than specified on the
+ command line. This can be used for instance to have functions
+ compiled with a different ISA (instruction set architecture) than
+ the default. You can also use the `#pragma GCC target' pragma to
+ set more than one function to be compiled with specific target
+ options. *Note Function Specific Option Pragmas::, for details
+ about the `#pragma GCC target' pragma.
+
+ For instance on a 386, you could compile one function with
+ `target("sse4.1,arch=core2")' and another with
+ `target("sse4a,arch=amdfam10")' that would be equivalent to
+ compiling the first function with `-msse4.1' and `-march=core2'
+ options, and the second function with `-msse4a' and
+ `-march=amdfam10' options. It is up to the user to make sure that
+ a function is only invoked on a machine that supports the
+ particular ISA it was compiled for (for example by using `cpuid'
+ on 386 to determine what feature bits and architecture family are
+ used).
+
+ int core2_func (void) __attribute__ ((__target__ ("arch=core2")));
+ int sse3_func (void) __attribute__ ((__target__ ("sse3")));
+
+ On the 386, the following options are allowed:
+
+ `abm'
+ `no-abm'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the advanced bit
+ instructions.
+
+ `aes'
+ `no-aes'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the AES instructions.
+
+ `mmx'
+ `no-mmx'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the MMX instructions.
+
+ `pclmul'
+ `no-pclmul'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the PCLMUL instructions.
+
+ `popcnt'
+ `no-popcnt'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the POPCNT instruction.
+
+ `sse'
+ `no-sse'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE instructions.
+
+ `sse2'
+ `no-sse2'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE2 instructions.
+
+ `sse3'
+ `no-sse3'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE3 instructions.
+
+ `sse4'
+ `no-sse4'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE4 instructions (both
+ SSE4.1 and SSE4.2).
+
+ `sse4.1'
+ `no-sse4.1'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the sse4.1 instructions.
+
+ `sse4.2'
+ `no-sse4.2'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the sse4.2 instructions.
+
+ `sse4a'
+ `no-sse4a'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE4A instructions.
+
+ `sse5'
+ `no-sse5'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSE5 instructions.
+
+ `ssse3'
+ `no-ssse3'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the SSSE3 instructions.
+
+ `cld'
+ `no-cld'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the CLD before string moves.
+
+ `fancy-math-387'
+ `no-fancy-math-387'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the `sin', `cos', and `sqrt'
+ instructions on the 387 floating point unit.
+
+ `fused-madd'
+ `no-fused-madd'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the fused multiply/add
+ instructions.
+
+ `ieee-fp'
+ `no-ieee-fp'
+ Enable/disable the generation of floating point that depends
+ on IEEE arithmetic.
+
+ `inline-all-stringops'
+ `no-inline-all-stringops'
+ Enable/disable inlining of string operations.
+
+ `inline-stringops-dynamically'
+ `no-inline-stringops-dynamically'
+ Enable/disable the generation of the inline code to do small
+ string operations and calling the library routines for large
+ operations.
+
+ `align-stringops'
+ `no-align-stringops'
+ Do/do not align destination of inlined string operations.
+
+ `recip'
+ `no-recip'
+ Enable/disable the generation of RCPSS, RCPPS, RSQRTSS and
+ RSQRTPS instructions followed an additional Newton-Raphson
+ step instead of doing a floating point division.
+
+ `arch=ARCH'
+ Specify the architecture to generate code for in compiling
+ the function.
+
+ `tune=TUNE'
+ Specify the architecture to tune for in compiling the
+ function.
+
+ `fpmath=FPMATH'
+ Specify which floating point unit to use. The
+ `target("fpmath=sse,387")' option must be specified as
+ `target("fpmath=sse+387")' because the comma would separate
+ different options.
+
+ On the 386, you can use either multiple strings to specify multiple
+ options, or you can separate the option with a comma (`,').
+
+ On the 386, the inliner will not inline a function that has
+ different target options than the caller, unless the callee has a
+ subset of the target options of the caller. For example a
+ function declared with `target("sse5")' can inline a function with
+ `target("sse2")', since `-msse5' implies `-msse2'.
+
+ The `target' attribute is not implemented in GCC versions earlier
+ than 4.4, and at present only the 386 uses it.
+
+`tiny_data'
+ Use this attribute on the H8/300H and H8S to indicate that the
+ specified variable should be placed into the tiny data section.
+ The compiler will generate more efficient code for loads and stores
+ on data in the tiny data section. Note the tiny data area is
+ limited to slightly under 32kbytes of data.
+
+`trap_exit'
+ Use this attribute on the SH for an `interrupt_handler' to return
+ using `trapa' instead of `rte'. This attribute expects an integer
+ argument specifying the trap number to be used.
+
+`unused'
+ This attribute, attached to a function, means that the function is
+ meant to be possibly unused. GCC will not produce a warning for
+ this function.
+
+`used'
+ This attribute, attached to a function, means that code must be
+ emitted for the function even if it appears that the function is
+ not referenced. This is useful, for example, when the function is
+ referenced only in inline assembly.
+
+`version_id'
+ This IA64 HP-UX attribute, attached to a global variable or
+ function, renames a symbol to contain a version string, thus
+ allowing for function level versioning. HP-UX system header files
+ may use version level functioning for some system calls.
+
+ extern int foo () __attribute__((version_id ("20040821")));
+
+ Calls to FOO will be mapped to calls to FOO{20040821}.
+
+`visibility ("VISIBILITY_TYPE")'
+ This attribute affects the linkage of the declaration to which it
+ is attached. There are four supported VISIBILITY_TYPE values:
+ default, hidden, protected or internal visibility.
+
+ void __attribute__ ((visibility ("protected")))
+ f () { /* Do something. */; }
+ int i __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden")));
+
+ The possible values of VISIBILITY_TYPE correspond to the
+ visibility settings in the ELF gABI.
+
+ "default"
+ Default visibility is the normal case for the object file
+ format. This value is available for the visibility attribute
+ to override other options that may change the assumed
+ visibility of entities.
+
+ On ELF, default visibility means that the declaration is
+ visible to other modules and, in shared libraries, means that
+ the declared entity may be overridden.
+
+ On Darwin, default visibility means that the declaration is
+ visible to other modules.
+
+ Default visibility corresponds to "external linkage" in the
+ language.
+
+ "hidden"
+ Hidden visibility indicates that the entity declared will
+ have a new form of linkage, which we'll call "hidden
+ linkage". Two declarations of an object with hidden linkage
+ refer to the same object if they are in the same shared
+ object.
+
+ "internal"
+ Internal visibility is like hidden visibility, but with
+ additional processor specific semantics. Unless otherwise
+ specified by the psABI, GCC defines internal visibility to
+ mean that a function is _never_ called from another module.
+ Compare this with hidden functions which, while they cannot
+ be referenced directly by other modules, can be referenced
+ indirectly via function pointers. By indicating that a
+ function cannot be called from outside the module, GCC may
+ for instance omit the load of a PIC register since it is known
+ that the calling function loaded the correct value.
+
+ "protected"
+ Protected visibility is like default visibility except that it
+ indicates that references within the defining module will
+ bind to the definition in that module. That is, the declared
+ entity cannot be overridden by another module.
+
+
+ All visibilities are supported on many, but not all, ELF targets
+ (supported when the assembler supports the `.visibility'
+ pseudo-op). Default visibility is supported everywhere. Hidden
+ visibility is supported on Darwin targets.
+
+ The visibility attribute should be applied only to declarations
+ which would otherwise have external linkage. The attribute should
+ be applied consistently, so that the same entity should not be
+ declared with different settings of the attribute.
+
+ In C++, the visibility attribute applies to types as well as
+ functions and objects, because in C++ types have linkage. A class
+ must not have greater visibility than its non-static data member
+ types and bases, and class members default to the visibility of
+ their class. Also, a declaration without explicit visibility is
+ limited to the visibility of its type.
+
+ In C++, you can mark member functions and static member variables
+ of a class with the visibility attribute. This is useful if you
+ know a particular method or static member variable should only be
+ used from one shared object; then you can mark it hidden while the
+ rest of the class has default visibility. Care must be taken to
+ avoid breaking the One Definition Rule; for example, it is usually
+ not useful to mark an inline method as hidden without marking the
+ whole class as hidden.
+
+ A C++ namespace declaration can also have the visibility attribute.
+ This attribute applies only to the particular namespace body, not
+ to other definitions of the same namespace; it is equivalent to
+ using `#pragma GCC visibility' before and after the namespace
+ definition (*note Visibility Pragmas::).
+
+ In C++, if a template argument has limited visibility, this
+ restriction is implicitly propagated to the template instantiation.
+ Otherwise, template instantiations and specializations default to
+ the visibility of their template.
+
+ If both the template and enclosing class have explicit visibility,
+ the visibility from the template is used.
+
+`warn_unused_result'
+ The `warn_unused_result' attribute causes a warning to be emitted
+ if a caller of the function with this attribute does not use its
+ return value. This is useful for functions where not checking the
+ result is either a security problem or always a bug, such as
+ `realloc'.
+
+ int fn () __attribute__ ((warn_unused_result));
+ int foo ()
+ {
+ if (fn () < 0) return -1;
+ fn ();
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ results in warning on line 5.
+
+`weak'
+ The `weak' attribute causes the declaration to be emitted as a weak
+ symbol rather than a global. This is primarily useful in defining
+ library functions which can be overridden in user code, though it
+ can also be used with non-function declarations. Weak symbols are
+ supported for ELF targets, and also for a.out targets when using
+ the GNU assembler and linker.
+
+`weakref'
+`weakref ("TARGET")'
+ The `weakref' attribute marks a declaration as a weak reference.
+ Without arguments, it should be accompanied by an `alias' attribute
+ naming the target symbol. Optionally, the TARGET may be given as
+ an argument to `weakref' itself. In either case, `weakref'
+ implicitly marks the declaration as `weak'. Without a TARGET,
+ given as an argument to `weakref' or to `alias', `weakref' is
+ equivalent to `weak'.
+
+ static int x() __attribute__ ((weakref ("y")));
+ /* is equivalent to... */
+ static int x() __attribute__ ((weak, weakref, alias ("y")));
+ /* and to... */
+ static int x() __attribute__ ((weakref));
+ static int x() __attribute__ ((alias ("y")));
+
+ A weak reference is an alias that does not by itself require a
+ definition to be given for the target symbol. If the target
+ symbol is only referenced through weak references, then the
+ becomes a `weak' undefined symbol. If it is directly referenced,
+ however, then such strong references prevail, and a definition
+ will be required for the symbol, not necessarily in the same
+ translation unit.
+
+ The effect is equivalent to moving all references to the alias to a
+ separate translation unit, renaming the alias to the aliased
+ symbol, declaring it as weak, compiling the two separate
+ translation units and performing a reloadable link on them.
+
+ At present, a declaration to which `weakref' is attached can only
+ be `static'.
+
+
+ You can specify multiple attributes in a declaration by separating them
+by commas within the double parentheses or by immediately following an
+attribute declaration with another attribute declaration.
+
+ Some people object to the `__attribute__' feature, suggesting that ISO
+C's `#pragma' should be used instead. At the time `__attribute__' was
+designed, there were two reasons for not doing this.
+
+ 1. It is impossible to generate `#pragma' commands from a macro.
+
+ 2. There is no telling what the same `#pragma' might mean in another
+ compiler.
+
+ These two reasons applied to almost any application that might have
+been proposed for `#pragma'. It was basically a mistake to use
+`#pragma' for _anything_.
+
+ The ISO C99 standard includes `_Pragma', which now allows pragmas to
+be generated from macros. In addition, a `#pragma GCC' namespace is
+now in use for GCC-specific pragmas. However, it has been found
+convenient to use `__attribute__' to achieve a natural attachment of
+attributes to their corresponding declarations, whereas `#pragma GCC'
+is of use for constructs that do not naturally form part of the
+grammar. *Note Miscellaneous Preprocessing Directives: (cpp)Other
+Directives.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Attribute Syntax, Next: Function Prototypes, Prev: Function Attributes, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.28 Attribute Syntax
+=====================
+
+This section describes the syntax with which `__attribute__' may be
+used, and the constructs to which attribute specifiers bind, for the C
+language. Some details may vary for C++ and Objective-C. Because of
+infelicities in the grammar for attributes, some forms described here
+may not be successfully parsed in all cases.
+
+ There are some problems with the semantics of attributes in C++. For
+example, there are no manglings for attributes, although they may affect
+code generation, so problems may arise when attributed types are used in
+conjunction with templates or overloading. Similarly, `typeid' does
+not distinguish between types with different attributes. Support for
+attributes in C++ may be restricted in future to attributes on
+declarations only, but not on nested declarators.
+
+ *Note Function Attributes::, for details of the semantics of attributes
+applying to functions. *Note Variable Attributes::, for details of the
+semantics of attributes applying to variables. *Note Type Attributes::,
+for details of the semantics of attributes applying to structure, union
+and enumerated types.
+
+ An "attribute specifier" is of the form `__attribute__
+((ATTRIBUTE-LIST))'. An "attribute list" is a possibly empty
+comma-separated sequence of "attributes", where each attribute is one
+of the following:
+
+ * Empty. Empty attributes are ignored.
+
+ * A word (which may be an identifier such as `unused', or a reserved
+ word such as `const').
+
+ * A word, followed by, in parentheses, parameters for the attribute.
+ These parameters take one of the following forms:
+
+ * An identifier. For example, `mode' attributes use this form.
+
+ * An identifier followed by a comma and a non-empty
+ comma-separated list of expressions. For example, `format'
+ attributes use this form.
+
+ * A possibly empty comma-separated list of expressions. For
+ example, `format_arg' attributes use this form with the list
+ being a single integer constant expression, and `alias'
+ attributes use this form with the list being a single string
+ constant.
+
+ An "attribute specifier list" is a sequence of one or more attribute
+specifiers, not separated by any other tokens.
+
+ In GNU C, an attribute specifier list may appear after the colon
+following a label, other than a `case' or `default' label. The only
+attribute it makes sense to use after a label is `unused'. This
+feature is intended for code generated by programs which contains labels
+that may be unused but which is compiled with `-Wall'. It would not
+normally be appropriate to use in it human-written code, though it
+could be useful in cases where the code that jumps to the label is
+contained within an `#ifdef' conditional. GNU C++ does not permit such
+placement of attribute lists, as it is permissible for a declaration,
+which could begin with an attribute list, to be labelled in C++.
+Declarations cannot be labelled in C90 or C99, so the ambiguity does
+not arise there.
+
+ An attribute specifier list may appear as part of a `struct', `union'
+or `enum' specifier. It may go either immediately after the `struct',
+`union' or `enum' keyword, or after the closing brace. The former
+syntax is preferred. Where attribute specifiers follow the closing
+brace, they are considered to relate to the structure, union or
+enumerated type defined, not to any enclosing declaration the type
+specifier appears in, and the type defined is not complete until after
+the attribute specifiers.
+
+ Otherwise, an attribute specifier appears as part of a declaration,
+counting declarations of unnamed parameters and type names, and relates
+to that declaration (which may be nested in another declaration, for
+example in the case of a parameter declaration), or to a particular
+declarator within a declaration. Where an attribute specifier is
+applied to a parameter declared as a function or an array, it should
+apply to the function or array rather than the pointer to which the
+parameter is implicitly converted, but this is not yet correctly
+implemented.
+
+ Any list of specifiers and qualifiers at the start of a declaration may
+contain attribute specifiers, whether or not such a list may in that
+context contain storage class specifiers. (Some attributes, however,
+are essentially in the nature of storage class specifiers, and only make
+sense where storage class specifiers may be used; for example,
+`section'.) There is one necessary limitation to this syntax: the
+first old-style parameter declaration in a function definition cannot
+begin with an attribute specifier, because such an attribute applies to
+the function instead by syntax described below (which, however, is not
+yet implemented in this case). In some other cases, attribute
+specifiers are permitted by this grammar but not yet supported by the
+compiler. All attribute specifiers in this place relate to the
+declaration as a whole. In the obsolescent usage where a type of `int'
+is implied by the absence of type specifiers, such a list of specifiers
+and qualifiers may be an attribute specifier list with no other
+specifiers or qualifiers.
+
+ At present, the first parameter in a function prototype must have some
+type specifier which is not an attribute specifier; this resolves an
+ambiguity in the interpretation of `void f(int (__attribute__((foo))
+x))', but is subject to change. At present, if the parentheses of a
+function declarator contain only attributes then those attributes are
+ignored, rather than yielding an error or warning or implying a single
+parameter of type int, but this is subject to change.
+
+ An attribute specifier list may appear immediately before a declarator
+(other than the first) in a comma-separated list of declarators in a
+declaration of more than one identifier using a single list of
+specifiers and qualifiers. Such attribute specifiers apply only to the
+identifier before whose declarator they appear. For example, in
+
+ __attribute__((noreturn)) void d0 (void),
+ __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2))) d1 (const char *, ...),
+ d2 (void)
+
+the `noreturn' attribute applies to all the functions declared; the
+`format' attribute only applies to `d1'.
+
+ An attribute specifier list may appear immediately before the comma,
+`=' or semicolon terminating the declaration of an identifier other
+than a function definition. Such attribute specifiers apply to the
+declared object or function. Where an assembler name for an object or
+function is specified (*note Asm Labels::), the attribute must follow
+the `asm' specification.
+
+ An attribute specifier list may, in future, be permitted to appear
+after the declarator in a function definition (before any old-style
+parameter declarations or the function body).
+
+ Attribute specifiers may be mixed with type qualifiers appearing inside
+the `[]' of a parameter array declarator, in the C99 construct by which
+such qualifiers are applied to the pointer to which the array is
+implicitly converted. Such attribute specifiers apply to the pointer,
+not to the array, but at present this is not implemented and they are
+ignored.
+
+ An attribute specifier list may appear at the start of a nested
+declarator. At present, there are some limitations in this usage: the
+attributes correctly apply to the declarator, but for most individual
+attributes the semantics this implies are not implemented. When
+attribute specifiers follow the `*' of a pointer declarator, they may
+be mixed with any type qualifiers present. The following describes the
+formal semantics of this syntax. It will make the most sense if you
+are familiar with the formal specification of declarators in the ISO C
+standard.
+
+ Consider (as in C99 subclause 6.7.5 paragraph 4) a declaration `T D1',
+where `T' contains declaration specifiers that specify a type TYPE
+(such as `int') and `D1' is a declarator that contains an identifier
+IDENT. The type specified for IDENT for derived declarators whose type
+does not include an attribute specifier is as in the ISO C standard.
+
+ If `D1' has the form `( ATTRIBUTE-SPECIFIER-LIST D )', and the
+declaration `T D' specifies the type "DERIVED-DECLARATOR-TYPE-LIST
+TYPE" for IDENT, then `T D1' specifies the type
+"DERIVED-DECLARATOR-TYPE-LIST ATTRIBUTE-SPECIFIER-LIST TYPE" for IDENT.
+
+ If `D1' has the form `* TYPE-QUALIFIER-AND-ATTRIBUTE-SPECIFIER-LIST
+D', and the declaration `T D' specifies the type
+"DERIVED-DECLARATOR-TYPE-LIST TYPE" for IDENT, then `T D1' specifies
+the type "DERIVED-DECLARATOR-TYPE-LIST
+TYPE-QUALIFIER-AND-ATTRIBUTE-SPECIFIER-LIST TYPE" for IDENT.
+
+ For example,
+
+ void (__attribute__((noreturn)) ****f) (void);
+
+specifies the type "pointer to pointer to pointer to pointer to
+non-returning function returning `void'". As another example,
+
+ char *__attribute__((aligned(8))) *f;
+
+specifies the type "pointer to 8-byte-aligned pointer to `char'". Note
+again that this does not work with most attributes; for example, the
+usage of `aligned' and `noreturn' attributes given above is not yet
+supported.
+
+ For compatibility with existing code written for compiler versions that
+did not implement attributes on nested declarators, some laxity is
+allowed in the placing of attributes. If an attribute that only applies
+to types is applied to a declaration, it will be treated as applying to
+the type of that declaration. If an attribute that only applies to
+declarations is applied to the type of a declaration, it will be treated
+as applying to that declaration; and, for compatibility with code
+placing the attributes immediately before the identifier declared, such
+an attribute applied to a function return type will be treated as
+applying to the function type, and such an attribute applied to an array
+element type will be treated as applying to the array type. If an
+attribute that only applies to function types is applied to a
+pointer-to-function type, it will be treated as applying to the pointer
+target type; if such an attribute is applied to a function return type
+that is not a pointer-to-function type, it will be treated as applying
+to the function type.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Function Prototypes, Next: C++ Comments, Prev: Attribute Syntax, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.29 Prototypes and Old-Style Function Definitions
+==================================================
+
+GNU C extends ISO C to allow a function prototype to override a later
+old-style non-prototype definition. Consider the following example:
+
+ /* Use prototypes unless the compiler is old-fashioned. */
+ #ifdef __STDC__
+ #define P(x) x
+ #else
+ #define P(x) ()
+ #endif
+
+ /* Prototype function declaration. */
+ int isroot P((uid_t));
+
+ /* Old-style function definition. */
+ int
+ isroot (x) /* ??? lossage here ??? */
+ uid_t x;
+ {
+ return x == 0;
+ }
+
+ Suppose the type `uid_t' happens to be `short'. ISO C does not allow
+this example, because subword arguments in old-style non-prototype
+definitions are promoted. Therefore in this example the function
+definition's argument is really an `int', which does not match the
+prototype argument type of `short'.
+
+ This restriction of ISO C makes it hard to write code that is portable
+to traditional C compilers, because the programmer does not know
+whether the `uid_t' type is `short', `int', or `long'. Therefore, in
+cases like these GNU C allows a prototype to override a later old-style
+definition. More precisely, in GNU C, a function prototype argument
+type overrides the argument type specified by a later old-style
+definition if the former type is the same as the latter type before
+promotion. Thus in GNU C the above example is equivalent to the
+following:
+
+ int isroot (uid_t);
+
+ int
+ isroot (uid_t x)
+ {
+ return x == 0;
+ }
+
+GNU C++ does not support old-style function definitions, so this
+extension is irrelevant.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Comments, Next: Dollar Signs, Prev: Function Prototypes, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.30 C++ Style Comments
+=======================
+
+In GNU C, you may use C++ style comments, which start with `//' and
+continue until the end of the line. Many other C implementations allow
+such comments, and they are included in the 1999 C standard. However,
+C++ style comments are not recognized if you specify an `-std' option
+specifying a version of ISO C before C99, or `-ansi' (equivalent to
+`-std=c89').
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Dollar Signs, Next: Character Escapes, Prev: C++ Comments, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.31 Dollar Signs in Identifier Names
+=====================================
+
+In GNU C, you may normally use dollar signs in identifier names. This
+is because many traditional C implementations allow such identifiers.
+However, dollar signs in identifiers are not supported on a few target
+machines, typically because the target assembler does not allow them.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Character Escapes, Next: Variable Attributes, Prev: Dollar Signs, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.32 The Character <ESC> in Constants
+=====================================
+
+You can use the sequence `\e' in a string or character constant to
+stand for the ASCII character <ESC>.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Alignment, Next: Inline, Prev: Type Attributes, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.33 Inquiring on Alignment of Types or Variables
+=================================================
+
+The keyword `__alignof__' allows you to inquire about how an object is
+aligned, or the minimum alignment usually required by a type. Its
+syntax is just like `sizeof'.
+
+ For example, if the target machine requires a `double' value to be
+aligned on an 8-byte boundary, then `__alignof__ (double)' is 8. This
+is true on many RISC machines. On more traditional machine designs,
+`__alignof__ (double)' is 4 or even 2.
+
+ Some machines never actually require alignment; they allow reference
+to any data type even at an odd address. For these machines,
+`__alignof__' reports the smallest alignment that GCC will give the
+data type, usually as mandated by the target ABI.
+
+ If the operand of `__alignof__' is an lvalue rather than a type, its
+value is the required alignment for its type, taking into account any
+minimum alignment specified with GCC's `__attribute__' extension (*note
+Variable Attributes::). For example, after this declaration:
+
+ struct foo { int x; char y; } foo1;
+
+the value of `__alignof__ (foo1.y)' is 1, even though its actual
+alignment is probably 2 or 4, the same as `__alignof__ (int)'.
+
+ It is an error to ask for the alignment of an incomplete type.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Variable Attributes, Next: Type Attributes, Prev: Character Escapes, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.34 Specifying Attributes of Variables
+=======================================
+
+The keyword `__attribute__' allows you to specify special attributes of
+variables or structure fields. This keyword is followed by an
+attribute specification inside double parentheses. Some attributes are
+currently defined generically for variables. Other attributes are
+defined for variables on particular target systems. Other attributes
+are available for functions (*note Function Attributes::) and for types
+(*note Type Attributes::). Other front ends might define more
+attributes (*note Extensions to the C++ Language: C++ Extensions.).
+
+ You may also specify attributes with `__' preceding and following each
+keyword. This allows you to use them in header files without being
+concerned about a possible macro of the same name. For example, you
+may use `__aligned__' instead of `aligned'.
+
+ *Note Attribute Syntax::, for details of the exact syntax for using
+attributes.
+
+`aligned (ALIGNMENT)'
+ This attribute specifies a minimum alignment for the variable or
+ structure field, measured in bytes. For example, the declaration:
+
+ int x __attribute__ ((aligned (16))) = 0;
+
+ causes the compiler to allocate the global variable `x' on a
+ 16-byte boundary. On a 68040, this could be used in conjunction
+ with an `asm' expression to access the `move16' instruction which
+ requires 16-byte aligned operands.
+
+ You can also specify the alignment of structure fields. For
+ example, to create a double-word aligned `int' pair, you could
+ write:
+
+ struct foo { int x[2] __attribute__ ((aligned (8))); };
+
+ This is an alternative to creating a union with a `double' member
+ that forces the union to be double-word aligned.
+
+ As in the preceding examples, you can explicitly specify the
+ alignment (in bytes) that you wish the compiler to use for a given
+ variable or structure field. Alternatively, you can leave out the
+ alignment factor and just ask the compiler to align a variable or
+ field to the default alignment for the target architecture you are
+ compiling for. The default alignment is sufficient for all scalar
+ types, but may not be enough for all vector types on a target
+ which supports vector operations. The default alignment is fixed
+ for a particular target ABI.
+
+ Gcc also provides a target specific macro `__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__',
+ which is the largest alignment ever used for any data type on the
+ target machine you are compiling for. For example, you could
+ write:
+
+ short array[3] __attribute__ ((aligned (__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__)));
+
+ The compiler automatically sets the alignment for the declared
+ variable or field to `__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__'. Doing this can
+ often make copy operations more efficient, because the compiler can
+ use whatever instructions copy the biggest chunks of memory when
+ performing copies to or from the variables or fields that you have
+ aligned this way. Note that the value of `__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__'
+ may change depending on command line options.
+
+ When used on a struct, or struct member, the `aligned' attribute
+ can only increase the alignment; in order to decrease it, the
+ `packed' attribute must be specified as well. When used as part
+ of a typedef, the `aligned' attribute can both increase and
+ decrease alignment, and specifying the `packed' attribute will
+ generate a warning.
+
+ Note that the effectiveness of `aligned' attributes may be limited
+ by inherent limitations in your linker. On many systems, the
+ linker is only able to arrange for variables to be aligned up to a
+ certain maximum alignment. (For some linkers, the maximum
+ supported alignment may be very very small.) If your linker is
+ only able to align variables up to a maximum of 8 byte alignment,
+ then specifying `aligned(16)' in an `__attribute__' will still
+ only provide you with 8 byte alignment. See your linker
+ documentation for further information.
+
+ The `aligned' attribute can also be used for functions (*note
+ Function Attributes::.)
+
+`cleanup (CLEANUP_FUNCTION)'
+ The `cleanup' attribute runs a function when the variable goes out
+ of scope. This attribute can only be applied to auto function
+ scope variables; it may not be applied to parameters or variables
+ with static storage duration. The function must take one
+ parameter, a pointer to a type compatible with the variable. The
+ return value of the function (if any) is ignored.
+
+ If `-fexceptions' is enabled, then CLEANUP_FUNCTION will be run
+ during the stack unwinding that happens during the processing of
+ the exception. Note that the `cleanup' attribute does not allow
+ the exception to be caught, only to perform an action. It is
+ undefined what happens if CLEANUP_FUNCTION does not return
+ normally.
+
+`common'
+`nocommon'
+ The `common' attribute requests GCC to place a variable in
+ "common" storage. The `nocommon' attribute requests the
+ opposite--to allocate space for it directly.
+
+ These attributes override the default chosen by the `-fno-common'
+ and `-fcommon' flags respectively.
+
+`deprecated'
+ The `deprecated' attribute results in a warning if the variable is
+ used anywhere in the source file. This is useful when identifying
+ variables that are expected to be removed in a future version of a
+ program. The warning also includes the location of the declaration
+ of the deprecated variable, to enable users to easily find further
+ information about why the variable is deprecated, or what they
+ should do instead. Note that the warning only occurs for uses:
+
+ extern int old_var __attribute__ ((deprecated));
+ extern int old_var;
+ int new_fn () { return old_var; }
+
+ results in a warning on line 3 but not line 2.
+
+ The `deprecated' attribute can also be used for functions and
+ types (*note Function Attributes::, *note Type Attributes::.)
+
+`mode (MODE)'
+ This attribute specifies the data type for the
+ declaration--whichever type corresponds to the mode MODE. This in
+ effect lets you request an integer or floating point type
+ according to its width.
+
+ You may also specify a mode of `byte' or `__byte__' to indicate
+ the mode corresponding to a one-byte integer, `word' or `__word__'
+ for the mode of a one-word integer, and `pointer' or `__pointer__'
+ for the mode used to represent pointers.
+
+`packed'
+ The `packed' attribute specifies that a variable or structure field
+ should have the smallest possible alignment--one byte for a
+ variable, and one bit for a field, unless you specify a larger
+ value with the `aligned' attribute.
+
+ Here is a structure in which the field `x' is packed, so that it
+ immediately follows `a':
+
+ struct foo
+ {
+ char a;
+ int x[2] __attribute__ ((packed));
+ };
+
+ _Note:_ The 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 series of GCC ignore the `packed'
+ attribute on bit-fields of type `char'. This has been fixed in
+ GCC 4.4 but the change can lead to differences in the structure
+ layout. See the documentation of `-Wpacked-bitfield-compat' for
+ more information.
+
+`section ("SECTION-NAME")'
+ Normally, the compiler places the objects it generates in sections
+ like `data' and `bss'. Sometimes, however, you need additional
+ sections, or you need certain particular variables to appear in
+ special sections, for example to map to special hardware. The
+ `section' attribute specifies that a variable (or function) lives
+ in a particular section. For example, this small program uses
+ several specific section names:
+
+ struct duart a __attribute__ ((section ("DUART_A"))) = { 0 };
+ struct duart b __attribute__ ((section ("DUART_B"))) = { 0 };
+ char stack[10000] __attribute__ ((section ("STACK"))) = { 0 };
+ int init_data __attribute__ ((section ("INITDATA")));
+
+ main()
+ {
+ /* Initialize stack pointer */
+ init_sp (stack + sizeof (stack));
+
+ /* Initialize initialized data */
+ memcpy (&init_data, &data, &edata - &data);
+
+ /* Turn on the serial ports */
+ init_duart (&a);
+ init_duart (&b);
+ }
+
+ Use the `section' attribute with _global_ variables and not
+ _local_ variables, as shown in the example.
+
+ You may use the `section' attribute with initialized or
+ uninitialized global variables but the linker requires each object
+ be defined once, with the exception that uninitialized variables
+ tentatively go in the `common' (or `bss') section and can be
+ multiply "defined". Using the `section' attribute will change
+ what section the variable goes into and may cause the linker to
+ issue an error if an uninitialized variable has multiple
+ definitions. You can force a variable to be initialized with the
+ `-fno-common' flag or the `nocommon' attribute.
+
+ Some file formats do not support arbitrary sections so the
+ `section' attribute is not available on all platforms. If you
+ need to map the entire contents of a module to a particular
+ section, consider using the facilities of the linker instead.
+
+`shared'
+ On Microsoft Windows, in addition to putting variable definitions
+ in a named section, the section can also be shared among all
+ running copies of an executable or DLL. For example, this small
+ program defines shared data by putting it in a named section
+ `shared' and marking the section shareable:
+
+ int foo __attribute__((section ("shared"), shared)) = 0;
+
+ int
+ main()
+ {
+ /* Read and write foo. All running
+ copies see the same value. */
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ You may only use the `shared' attribute along with `section'
+ attribute with a fully initialized global definition because of
+ the way linkers work. See `section' attribute for more
+ information.
+
+ The `shared' attribute is only available on Microsoft Windows.
+
+`tls_model ("TLS_MODEL")'
+ The `tls_model' attribute sets thread-local storage model (*note
+ Thread-Local::) of a particular `__thread' variable, overriding
+ `-ftls-model=' command line switch on a per-variable basis. The
+ TLS_MODEL argument should be one of `global-dynamic',
+ `local-dynamic', `initial-exec' or `local-exec'.
+
+ Not all targets support this attribute.
+
+`unused'
+ This attribute, attached to a variable, means that the variable is
+ meant to be possibly unused. GCC will not produce a warning for
+ this variable.
+
+`used'
+ This attribute, attached to a variable, means that the variable
+ must be emitted even if it appears that the variable is not
+ referenced.
+
+`vector_size (BYTES)'
+ This attribute specifies the vector size for the variable,
+ measured in bytes. For example, the declaration:
+
+ int foo __attribute__ ((vector_size (16)));
+
+ causes the compiler to set the mode for `foo', to be 16 bytes,
+ divided into `int' sized units. Assuming a 32-bit int (a vector of
+ 4 units of 4 bytes), the corresponding mode of `foo' will be V4SI.
+
+ This attribute is only applicable to integral and float scalars,
+ although arrays, pointers, and function return values are allowed
+ in conjunction with this construct.
+
+ Aggregates with this attribute are invalid, even if they are of
+ the same size as a corresponding scalar. For example, the
+ declaration:
+
+ struct S { int a; };
+ struct S __attribute__ ((vector_size (16))) foo;
+
+ is invalid even if the size of the structure is the same as the
+ size of the `int'.
+
+`selectany'
+ The `selectany' attribute causes an initialized global variable to
+ have link-once semantics. When multiple definitions of the
+ variable are encountered by the linker, the first is selected and
+ the remainder are discarded. Following usage by the Microsoft
+ compiler, the linker is told _not_ to warn about size or content
+ differences of the multiple definitions.
+
+ Although the primary usage of this attribute is for POD types, the
+ attribute can also be applied to global C++ objects that are
+ initialized by a constructor. In this case, the static
+ initialization and destruction code for the object is emitted in
+ each translation defining the object, but the calls to the
+ constructor and destructor are protected by a link-once guard
+ variable.
+
+ The `selectany' attribute is only available on Microsoft Windows
+ targets. You can use `__declspec (selectany)' as a synonym for
+ `__attribute__ ((selectany))' for compatibility with other
+ compilers.
+
+`weak'
+ The `weak' attribute is described in *note Function Attributes::.
+
+`dllimport'
+ The `dllimport' attribute is described in *note Function
+ Attributes::.
+
+`dllexport'
+ The `dllexport' attribute is described in *note Function
+ Attributes::.
+
+
+5.34.1 Blackfin Variable Attributes
+-----------------------------------
+
+Three attributes are currently defined for the Blackfin.
+
+`l1_data'
+
+`l1_data_A'
+
+`l1_data_B'
+ Use these attributes on the Blackfin to place the variable into L1
+ Data SRAM. Variables with `l1_data' attribute will be put into
+ the specific section named `.l1.data'. Those with `l1_data_A'
+ attribute will be put into the specific section named
+ `.l1.data.A'. Those with `l1_data_B' attribute will be put into
+ the specific section named `.l1.data.B'.
+
+5.34.2 M32R/D Variable Attributes
+---------------------------------
+
+One attribute is currently defined for the M32R/D.
+
+`model (MODEL-NAME)'
+ Use this attribute on the M32R/D to set the addressability of an
+ object. The identifier MODEL-NAME is one of `small', `medium', or
+ `large', representing each of the code models.
+
+ Small model objects live in the lower 16MB of memory (so that their
+ addresses can be loaded with the `ld24' instruction).
+
+ Medium and large model objects may live anywhere in the 32-bit
+ address space (the compiler will generate `seth/add3' instructions
+ to load their addresses).
+
+5.34.3 i386 Variable Attributes
+-------------------------------
+
+Two attributes are currently defined for i386 configurations:
+`ms_struct' and `gcc_struct'
+
+`ms_struct'
+`gcc_struct'
+ If `packed' is used on a structure, or if bit-fields are used it
+ may be that the Microsoft ABI packs them differently than GCC
+ would normally pack them. Particularly when moving packed data
+ between functions compiled with GCC and the native Microsoft
+ compiler (either via function call or as data in a file), it may
+ be necessary to access either format.
+
+ Currently `-m[no-]ms-bitfields' is provided for the Microsoft
+ Windows X86 compilers to match the native Microsoft compiler.
+
+ The Microsoft structure layout algorithm is fairly simple with the
+ exception of the bitfield packing:
+
+ The padding and alignment of members of structures and whether a
+ bit field can straddle a storage-unit boundary
+
+ 1. Structure members are stored sequentially in the order in
+ which they are declared: the first member has the lowest
+ memory address and the last member the highest.
+
+ 2. Every data object has an alignment-requirement. The
+ alignment-requirement for all data except structures, unions,
+ and arrays is either the size of the object or the current
+ packing size (specified with either the aligned attribute or
+ the pack pragma), whichever is less. For structures, unions,
+ and arrays, the alignment-requirement is the largest
+ alignment-requirement of its members. Every object is
+ allocated an offset so that:
+
+ offset % alignment-requirement == 0
+
+ 3. Adjacent bit fields are packed into the same 1-, 2-, or
+ 4-byte allocation unit if the integral types are the same
+ size and if the next bit field fits into the current
+ allocation unit without crossing the boundary imposed by the
+ common alignment requirements of the bit fields.
+
+ Handling of zero-length bitfields:
+
+ MSVC interprets zero-length bitfields in the following ways:
+
+ 1. If a zero-length bitfield is inserted between two bitfields
+ that would normally be coalesced, the bitfields will not be
+ coalesced.
+
+ For example:
+
+ struct
+ {
+ unsigned long bf_1 : 12;
+ unsigned long : 0;
+ unsigned long bf_2 : 12;
+ } t1;
+
+ The size of `t1' would be 8 bytes with the zero-length
+ bitfield. If the zero-length bitfield were removed, `t1''s
+ size would be 4 bytes.
+
+ 2. If a zero-length bitfield is inserted after a bitfield,
+ `foo', and the alignment of the zero-length bitfield is
+ greater than the member that follows it, `bar', `bar' will be
+ aligned as the type of the zero-length bitfield.
+
+ For example:
+
+ struct
+ {
+ char foo : 4;
+ short : 0;
+ char bar;
+ } t2;
+
+ struct
+ {
+ char foo : 4;
+ short : 0;
+ double bar;
+ } t3;
+
+ For `t2', `bar' will be placed at offset 2, rather than
+ offset 1. Accordingly, the size of `t2' will be 4. For
+ `t3', the zero-length bitfield will not affect the alignment
+ of `bar' or, as a result, the size of the structure.
+
+ Taking this into account, it is important to note the
+ following:
+
+ 1. If a zero-length bitfield follows a normal bitfield, the
+ type of the zero-length bitfield may affect the
+ alignment of the structure as whole. For example, `t2'
+ has a size of 4 bytes, since the zero-length bitfield
+ follows a normal bitfield, and is of type short.
+
+ 2. Even if a zero-length bitfield is not followed by a
+ normal bitfield, it may still affect the alignment of
+ the structure:
+
+ struct
+ {
+ char foo : 6;
+ long : 0;
+ } t4;
+
+ Here, `t4' will take up 4 bytes.
+
+ 3. Zero-length bitfields following non-bitfield members are
+ ignored:
+
+ struct
+ {
+ char foo;
+ long : 0;
+ char bar;
+ } t5;
+
+ Here, `t5' will take up 2 bytes.
+
+5.34.4 PowerPC Variable Attributes
+----------------------------------
+
+Three attributes currently are defined for PowerPC configurations:
+`altivec', `ms_struct' and `gcc_struct'.
+
+ For full documentation of the struct attributes please see the
+documentation in *note i386 Variable Attributes::.
+
+ For documentation of `altivec' attribute please see the documentation
+in *note PowerPC Type Attributes::.
+
+5.34.5 SPU Variable Attributes
+------------------------------
+
+The SPU supports the `spu_vector' attribute for variables. For
+documentation of this attribute please see the documentation in *note
+SPU Type Attributes::.
+
+5.34.6 Xstormy16 Variable Attributes
+------------------------------------
+
+One attribute is currently defined for xstormy16 configurations:
+`below100'.
+
+`below100'
+ If a variable has the `below100' attribute (`BELOW100' is allowed
+ also), GCC will place the variable in the first 0x100 bytes of
+ memory and use special opcodes to access it. Such variables will
+ be placed in either the `.bss_below100' section or the
+ `.data_below100' section.
+
+
+5.34.7 AVR Variable Attributes
+------------------------------
+
+`progmem'
+ The `progmem' attribute is used on the AVR to place data in the
+ Program Memory address space. The AVR is a Harvard Architecture
+ processor and data normally resides in the Data Memory address
+ space.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Type Attributes, Next: Alignment, Prev: Variable Attributes, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.35 Specifying Attributes of Types
+===================================
+
+The keyword `__attribute__' allows you to specify special attributes of
+`struct' and `union' types when you define such types. This keyword is
+followed by an attribute specification inside double parentheses.
+Seven attributes are currently defined for types: `aligned', `packed',
+`transparent_union', `unused', `deprecated', `visibility', and
+`may_alias'. Other attributes are defined for functions (*note
+Function Attributes::) and for variables (*note Variable Attributes::).
+
+ You may also specify any one of these attributes with `__' preceding
+and following its keyword. This allows you to use these attributes in
+header files without being concerned about a possible macro of the same
+name. For example, you may use `__aligned__' instead of `aligned'.
+
+ You may specify type attributes in an enum, struct or union type
+declaration or definition, or for other types in a `typedef'
+declaration.
+
+ For an enum, struct or union type, you may specify attributes either
+between the enum, struct or union tag and the name of the type, or just
+past the closing curly brace of the _definition_. The former syntax is
+preferred.
+
+ *Note Attribute Syntax::, for details of the exact syntax for using
+attributes.
+
+`aligned (ALIGNMENT)'
+ This attribute specifies a minimum alignment (in bytes) for
+ variables of the specified type. For example, the declarations:
+
+ struct S { short f[3]; } __attribute__ ((aligned (8)));
+ typedef int more_aligned_int __attribute__ ((aligned (8)));
+
+ force the compiler to insure (as far as it can) that each variable
+ whose type is `struct S' or `more_aligned_int' will be allocated
+ and aligned _at least_ on a 8-byte boundary. On a SPARC, having
+ all variables of type `struct S' aligned to 8-byte boundaries
+ allows the compiler to use the `ldd' and `std' (doubleword load and
+ store) instructions when copying one variable of type `struct S' to
+ another, thus improving run-time efficiency.
+
+ Note that the alignment of any given `struct' or `union' type is
+ required by the ISO C standard to be at least a perfect multiple of
+ the lowest common multiple of the alignments of all of the members
+ of the `struct' or `union' in question. This means that you _can_
+ effectively adjust the alignment of a `struct' or `union' type by
+ attaching an `aligned' attribute to any one of the members of such
+ a type, but the notation illustrated in the example above is a
+ more obvious, intuitive, and readable way to request the compiler
+ to adjust the alignment of an entire `struct' or `union' type.
+
+ As in the preceding example, you can explicitly specify the
+ alignment (in bytes) that you wish the compiler to use for a given
+ `struct' or `union' type. Alternatively, you can leave out the
+ alignment factor and just ask the compiler to align a type to the
+ maximum useful alignment for the target machine you are compiling
+ for. For example, you could write:
+
+ struct S { short f[3]; } __attribute__ ((aligned));
+
+ Whenever you leave out the alignment factor in an `aligned'
+ attribute specification, the compiler automatically sets the
+ alignment for the type to the largest alignment which is ever used
+ for any data type on the target machine you are compiling for.
+ Doing this can often make copy operations more efficient, because
+ the compiler can use whatever instructions copy the biggest chunks
+ of memory when performing copies to or from the variables which
+ have types that you have aligned this way.
+
+ In the example above, if the size of each `short' is 2 bytes, then
+ the size of the entire `struct S' type is 6 bytes. The smallest
+ power of two which is greater than or equal to that is 8, so the
+ compiler sets the alignment for the entire `struct S' type to 8
+ bytes.
+
+ Note that although you can ask the compiler to select a
+ time-efficient alignment for a given type and then declare only
+ individual stand-alone objects of that type, the compiler's
+ ability to select a time-efficient alignment is primarily useful
+ only when you plan to create arrays of variables having the
+ relevant (efficiently aligned) type. If you declare or use arrays
+ of variables of an efficiently-aligned type, then it is likely
+ that your program will also be doing pointer arithmetic (or
+ subscripting, which amounts to the same thing) on pointers to the
+ relevant type, and the code that the compiler generates for these
+ pointer arithmetic operations will often be more efficient for
+ efficiently-aligned types than for other types.
+
+ The `aligned' attribute can only increase the alignment; but you
+ can decrease it by specifying `packed' as well. See below.
+
+ Note that the effectiveness of `aligned' attributes may be limited
+ by inherent limitations in your linker. On many systems, the
+ linker is only able to arrange for variables to be aligned up to a
+ certain maximum alignment. (For some linkers, the maximum
+ supported alignment may be very very small.) If your linker is
+ only able to align variables up to a maximum of 8 byte alignment,
+ then specifying `aligned(16)' in an `__attribute__' will still
+ only provide you with 8 byte alignment. See your linker
+ documentation for further information.
+
+`packed'
+ This attribute, attached to `struct' or `union' type definition,
+ specifies that each member (other than zero-width bitfields) of
+ the structure or union is placed to minimize the memory required.
+ When attached to an `enum' definition, it indicates that the
+ smallest integral type should be used.
+
+ Specifying this attribute for `struct' and `union' types is
+ equivalent to specifying the `packed' attribute on each of the
+ structure or union members. Specifying the `-fshort-enums' flag
+ on the line is equivalent to specifying the `packed' attribute on
+ all `enum' definitions.
+
+ In the following example `struct my_packed_struct''s members are
+ packed closely together, but the internal layout of its `s' member
+ is not packed--to do that, `struct my_unpacked_struct' would need
+ to be packed too.
+
+ struct my_unpacked_struct
+ {
+ char c;
+ int i;
+ };
+
+ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) my_packed_struct
+ {
+ char c;
+ int i;
+ struct my_unpacked_struct s;
+ };
+
+ You may only specify this attribute on the definition of a `enum',
+ `struct' or `union', not on a `typedef' which does not also define
+ the enumerated type, structure or union.
+
+`transparent_union'
+ This attribute, attached to a `union' type definition, indicates
+ that any function parameter having that union type causes calls to
+ that function to be treated in a special way.
+
+ First, the argument corresponding to a transparent union type can
+ be of any type in the union; no cast is required. Also, if the
+ union contains a pointer type, the corresponding argument can be a
+ null pointer constant or a void pointer expression; and if the
+ union contains a void pointer type, the corresponding argument can
+ be any pointer expression. If the union member type is a pointer,
+ qualifiers like `const' on the referenced type must be respected,
+ just as with normal pointer conversions.
+
+ Second, the argument is passed to the function using the calling
+ conventions of the first member of the transparent union, not the
+ calling conventions of the union itself. All members of the union
+ must have the same machine representation; this is necessary for
+ this argument passing to work properly.
+
+ Transparent unions are designed for library functions that have
+ multiple interfaces for compatibility reasons. For example,
+ suppose the `wait' function must accept either a value of type
+ `int *' to comply with Posix, or a value of type `union wait *' to
+ comply with the 4.1BSD interface. If `wait''s parameter were
+ `void *', `wait' would accept both kinds of arguments, but it
+ would also accept any other pointer type and this would make
+ argument type checking less useful. Instead, `<sys/wait.h>' might
+ define the interface as follows:
+
+ typedef union __attribute__ ((__transparent_union__))
+ {
+ int *__ip;
+ union wait *__up;
+ } wait_status_ptr_t;
+
+ pid_t wait (wait_status_ptr_t);
+
+ This interface allows either `int *' or `union wait *' arguments
+ to be passed, using the `int *' calling convention. The program
+ can call `wait' with arguments of either type:
+
+ int w1 () { int w; return wait (&w); }
+ int w2 () { union wait w; return wait (&w); }
+
+ With this interface, `wait''s implementation might look like this:
+
+ pid_t wait (wait_status_ptr_t p)
+ {
+ return waitpid (-1, p.__ip, 0);
+ }
+
+`unused'
+ When attached to a type (including a `union' or a `struct'), this
+ attribute means that variables of that type are meant to appear
+ possibly unused. GCC will not produce a warning for any variables
+ of that type, even if the variable appears to do nothing. This is
+ often the case with lock or thread classes, which are usually
+ defined and then not referenced, but contain constructors and
+ destructors that have nontrivial bookkeeping functions.
+
+`deprecated'
+ The `deprecated' attribute results in a warning if the type is
+ used anywhere in the source file. This is useful when identifying
+ types that are expected to be removed in a future version of a
+ program. If possible, the warning also includes the location of
+ the declaration of the deprecated type, to enable users to easily
+ find further information about why the type is deprecated, or what
+ they should do instead. Note that the warnings only occur for
+ uses and then only if the type is being applied to an identifier
+ that itself is not being declared as deprecated.
+
+ typedef int T1 __attribute__ ((deprecated));
+ T1 x;
+ typedef T1 T2;
+ T2 y;
+ typedef T1 T3 __attribute__ ((deprecated));
+ T3 z __attribute__ ((deprecated));
+
+ results in a warning on line 2 and 3 but not lines 4, 5, or 6. No
+ warning is issued for line 4 because T2 is not explicitly
+ deprecated. Line 5 has no warning because T3 is explicitly
+ deprecated. Similarly for line 6.
+
+ The `deprecated' attribute can also be used for functions and
+ variables (*note Function Attributes::, *note Variable
+ Attributes::.)
+
+`may_alias'
+ Accesses through pointers to types with this attribute are not
+ subject to type-based alias analysis, but are instead assumed to
+ be able to alias any other type of objects. In the context of
+ 6.5/7 an lvalue expression dereferencing such a pointer is treated
+ like having a character type. See `-fstrict-aliasing' for more
+ information on aliasing issues. This extension exists to support
+ some vector APIs, in which pointers to one vector type are
+ permitted to alias pointers to a different vector type.
+
+ Note that an object of a type with this attribute does not have any
+ special semantics.
+
+ Example of use:
+
+ typedef short __attribute__((__may_alias__)) short_a;
+
+ int
+ main (void)
+ {
+ int a = 0x12345678;
+ short_a *b = (short_a *) &a;
+
+ b[1] = 0;
+
+ if (a == 0x12345678)
+ abort();
+
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ If you replaced `short_a' with `short' in the variable
+ declaration, the above program would abort when compiled with
+ `-fstrict-aliasing', which is on by default at `-O2' or above in
+ recent GCC versions.
+
+`visibility'
+ In C++, attribute visibility (*note Function Attributes::) can
+ also be applied to class, struct, union and enum types. Unlike
+ other type attributes, the attribute must appear between the
+ initial keyword and the name of the type; it cannot appear after
+ the body of the type.
+
+ Note that the type visibility is applied to vague linkage entities
+ associated with the class (vtable, typeinfo node, etc.). In
+ particular, if a class is thrown as an exception in one shared
+ object and caught in another, the class must have default
+ visibility. Otherwise the two shared objects will be unable to
+ use the same typeinfo node and exception handling will break.
+
+
+5.35.1 ARM Type Attributes
+--------------------------
+
+On those ARM targets that support `dllimport' (such as Symbian OS), you
+can use the `notshared' attribute to indicate that the virtual table
+and other similar data for a class should not be exported from a DLL.
+For example:
+
+ class __declspec(notshared) C {
+ public:
+ __declspec(dllimport) C();
+ virtual void f();
+ }
+
+ __declspec(dllexport)
+ C::C() {}
+
+ In this code, `C::C' is exported from the current DLL, but the virtual
+table for `C' is not exported. (You can use `__attribute__' instead of
+`__declspec' if you prefer, but most Symbian OS code uses `__declspec'.)
+
+5.35.2 i386 Type Attributes
+---------------------------
+
+Two attributes are currently defined for i386 configurations:
+`ms_struct' and `gcc_struct'.
+
+`ms_struct'
+`gcc_struct'
+ If `packed' is used on a structure, or if bit-fields are used it
+ may be that the Microsoft ABI packs them differently than GCC
+ would normally pack them. Particularly when moving packed data
+ between functions compiled with GCC and the native Microsoft
+ compiler (either via function call or as data in a file), it may
+ be necessary to access either format.
+
+ Currently `-m[no-]ms-bitfields' is provided for the Microsoft
+ Windows X86 compilers to match the native Microsoft compiler.
+
+ To specify multiple attributes, separate them by commas within the
+double parentheses: for example, `__attribute__ ((aligned (16),
+packed))'.
+
+5.35.3 PowerPC Type Attributes
+------------------------------
+
+Three attributes currently are defined for PowerPC configurations:
+`altivec', `ms_struct' and `gcc_struct'.
+
+ For full documentation of the `ms_struct' and `gcc_struct' attributes
+please see the documentation in *note i386 Type Attributes::.
+
+ The `altivec' attribute allows one to declare AltiVec vector data
+types supported by the AltiVec Programming Interface Manual. The
+attribute requires an argument to specify one of three vector types:
+`vector__', `pixel__' (always followed by unsigned short), and `bool__'
+(always followed by unsigned).
+
+ __attribute__((altivec(vector__)))
+ __attribute__((altivec(pixel__))) unsigned short
+ __attribute__((altivec(bool__))) unsigned
+
+ These attributes mainly are intended to support the `__vector',
+`__pixel', and `__bool' AltiVec keywords.
+
+5.35.4 SPU Type Attributes
+--------------------------
+
+The SPU supports the `spu_vector' attribute for types. This attribute
+allows one to declare vector data types supported by the
+Sony/Toshiba/IBM SPU Language Extensions Specification. It is intended
+to support the `__vector' keyword.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Inline, Next: Extended Asm, Prev: Alignment, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.36 An Inline Function is As Fast As a Macro
+=============================================
+
+By declaring a function inline, you can direct GCC to make calls to
+that function faster. One way GCC can achieve this is to integrate
+that function's code into the code for its callers. This makes
+execution faster by eliminating the function-call overhead; in
+addition, if any of the actual argument values are constant, their
+known values may permit simplifications at compile time so that not all
+of the inline function's code needs to be included. The effect on code
+size is less predictable; object code may be larger or smaller with
+function inlining, depending on the particular case. You can also
+direct GCC to try to integrate all "simple enough" functions into their
+callers with the option `-finline-functions'.
+
+ GCC implements three different semantics of declaring a function
+inline. One is available with `-std=gnu89' or `-fgnu89-inline' or when
+`gnu_inline' attribute is present on all inline declarations, another
+when `-std=c99' or `-std=gnu99' (without `-fgnu89-inline'), and the
+third is used when compiling C++.
+
+ To declare a function inline, use the `inline' keyword in its
+declaration, like this:
+
+ static inline int
+ inc (int *a)
+ {
+ (*a)++;
+ }
+
+ If you are writing a header file to be included in ISO C89 programs,
+write `__inline__' instead of `inline'. *Note Alternate Keywords::.
+
+ The three types of inlining behave similarly in two important cases:
+when the `inline' keyword is used on a `static' function, like the
+example above, and when a function is first declared without using the
+`inline' keyword and then is defined with `inline', like this:
+
+ extern int inc (int *a);
+ inline int
+ inc (int *a)
+ {
+ (*a)++;
+ }
+
+ In both of these common cases, the program behaves the same as if you
+had not used the `inline' keyword, except for its speed.
+
+ When a function is both inline and `static', if all calls to the
+function are integrated into the caller, and the function's address is
+never used, then the function's own assembler code is never referenced.
+In this case, GCC does not actually output assembler code for the
+function, unless you specify the option `-fkeep-inline-functions'.
+Some calls cannot be integrated for various reasons (in particular,
+calls that precede the function's definition cannot be integrated, and
+neither can recursive calls within the definition). If there is a
+nonintegrated call, then the function is compiled to assembler code as
+usual. The function must also be compiled as usual if the program
+refers to its address, because that can't be inlined.
+
+ Note that certain usages in a function definition can make it
+unsuitable for inline substitution. Among these usages are: use of
+varargs, use of alloca, use of variable sized data types (*note
+Variable Length::), use of computed goto (*note Labels as Values::),
+use of nonlocal goto, and nested functions (*note Nested Functions::).
+Using `-Winline' will warn when a function marked `inline' could not be
+substituted, and will give the reason for the failure.
+
+ As required by ISO C++, GCC considers member functions defined within
+the body of a class to be marked inline even if they are not explicitly
+declared with the `inline' keyword. You can override this with
+`-fno-default-inline'; *note Options Controlling C++ Dialect: C++
+Dialect Options.
+
+ GCC does not inline any functions when not optimizing unless you
+specify the `always_inline' attribute for the function, like this:
+
+ /* Prototype. */
+ inline void foo (const char) __attribute__((always_inline));
+
+ The remainder of this section is specific to GNU C89 inlining.
+
+ When an inline function is not `static', then the compiler must assume
+that there may be calls from other source files; since a global symbol
+can be defined only once in any program, the function must not be
+defined in the other source files, so the calls therein cannot be
+integrated. Therefore, a non-`static' inline function is always
+compiled on its own in the usual fashion.
+
+ If you specify both `inline' and `extern' in the function definition,
+then the definition is used only for inlining. In no case is the
+function compiled on its own, not even if you refer to its address
+explicitly. Such an address becomes an external reference, as if you
+had only declared the function, and had not defined it.
+
+ This combination of `inline' and `extern' has almost the effect of a
+macro. The way to use it is to put a function definition in a header
+file with these keywords, and put another copy of the definition
+(lacking `inline' and `extern') in a library file. The definition in
+the header file will cause most calls to the function to be inlined.
+If any uses of the function remain, they will refer to the single copy
+in the library.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Extended Asm, Next: Constraints, Prev: Inline, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.37 Assembler Instructions with C Expression Operands
+======================================================
+
+In an assembler instruction using `asm', you can specify the operands
+of the instruction using C expressions. This means you need not guess
+which registers or memory locations will contain the data you want to
+use.
+
+ You must specify an assembler instruction template much like what
+appears in a machine description, plus an operand constraint string for
+each operand.
+
+ For example, here is how to use the 68881's `fsinx' instruction:
+
+ asm ("fsinx %1,%0" : "=f" (result) : "f" (angle));
+
+Here `angle' is the C expression for the input operand while `result'
+is that of the output operand. Each has `"f"' as its operand
+constraint, saying that a floating point register is required. The `='
+in `=f' indicates that the operand is an output; all output operands'
+constraints must use `='. The constraints use the same language used
+in the machine description (*note Constraints::).
+
+ Each operand is described by an operand-constraint string followed by
+the C expression in parentheses. A colon separates the assembler
+template from the first output operand and another separates the last
+output operand from the first input, if any. Commas separate the
+operands within each group. The total number of operands is currently
+limited to 30; this limitation may be lifted in some future version of
+GCC.
+
+ If there are no output operands but there are input operands, you must
+place two consecutive colons surrounding the place where the output
+operands would go.
+
+ As of GCC version 3.1, it is also possible to specify input and output
+operands using symbolic names which can be referenced within the
+assembler code. These names are specified inside square brackets
+preceding the constraint string, and can be referenced inside the
+assembler code using `%[NAME]' instead of a percentage sign followed by
+the operand number. Using named operands the above example could look
+like:
+
+ asm ("fsinx %[angle],%[output]"
+ : [output] "=f" (result)
+ : [angle] "f" (angle));
+
+Note that the symbolic operand names have no relation whatsoever to
+other C identifiers. You may use any name you like, even those of
+existing C symbols, but you must ensure that no two operands within the
+same assembler construct use the same symbolic name.
+
+ Output operand expressions must be lvalues; the compiler can check
+this. The input operands need not be lvalues. The compiler cannot
+check whether the operands have data types that are reasonable for the
+instruction being executed. It does not parse the assembler instruction
+template and does not know what it means or even whether it is valid
+assembler input. The extended `asm' feature is most often used for
+machine instructions the compiler itself does not know exist. If the
+output expression cannot be directly addressed (for example, it is a
+bit-field), your constraint must allow a register. In that case, GCC
+will use the register as the output of the `asm', and then store that
+register into the output.
+
+ The ordinary output operands must be write-only; GCC will assume that
+the values in these operands before the instruction are dead and need
+not be generated. Extended asm supports input-output or read-write
+operands. Use the constraint character `+' to indicate such an operand
+and list it with the output operands. You should only use read-write
+operands when the constraints for the operand (or the operand in which
+only some of the bits are to be changed) allow a register.
+
+ You may, as an alternative, logically split its function into two
+separate operands, one input operand and one write-only output operand.
+The connection between them is expressed by constraints which say they
+need to be in the same location when the instruction executes. You can
+use the same C expression for both operands, or different expressions.
+For example, here we write the (fictitious) `combine' instruction with
+`bar' as its read-only source operand and `foo' as its read-write
+destination:
+
+ asm ("combine %2,%0" : "=r" (foo) : "0" (foo), "g" (bar));
+
+The constraint `"0"' for operand 1 says that it must occupy the same
+location as operand 0. A number in constraint is allowed only in an
+input operand and it must refer to an output operand.
+
+ Only a number in the constraint can guarantee that one operand will be
+in the same place as another. The mere fact that `foo' is the value of
+both operands is not enough to guarantee that they will be in the same
+place in the generated assembler code. The following would not work
+reliably:
+
+ asm ("combine %2,%0" : "=r" (foo) : "r" (foo), "g" (bar));
+
+ Various optimizations or reloading could cause operands 0 and 1 to be
+in different registers; GCC knows no reason not to do so. For example,
+the compiler might find a copy of the value of `foo' in one register and
+use it for operand 1, but generate the output operand 0 in a different
+register (copying it afterward to `foo''s own address). Of course,
+since the register for operand 1 is not even mentioned in the assembler
+code, the result will not work, but GCC can't tell that.
+
+ As of GCC version 3.1, one may write `[NAME]' instead of the operand
+number for a matching constraint. For example:
+
+ asm ("cmoveq %1,%2,%[result]"
+ : [result] "=r"(result)
+ : "r" (test), "r"(new), "[result]"(old));
+
+ Sometimes you need to make an `asm' operand be a specific register,
+but there's no matching constraint letter for that register _by
+itself_. To force the operand into that register, use a local variable
+for the operand and specify the register in the variable declaration.
+*Note Explicit Reg Vars::. Then for the `asm' operand, use any
+register constraint letter that matches the register:
+
+ register int *p1 asm ("r0") = ...;
+ register int *p2 asm ("r1") = ...;
+ register int *result asm ("r0");
+ asm ("sysint" : "=r" (result) : "0" (p1), "r" (p2));
+
+ In the above example, beware that a register that is call-clobbered by
+the target ABI will be overwritten by any function call in the
+assignment, including library calls for arithmetic operators. Also a
+register may be clobbered when generating some operations, like
+variable shift, memory copy or memory move on x86. Assuming it is a
+call-clobbered register, this may happen to `r0' above by the
+assignment to `p2'. If you have to use such a register, use temporary
+variables for expressions between the register assignment and use:
+
+ int t1 = ...;
+ register int *p1 asm ("r0") = ...;
+ register int *p2 asm ("r1") = t1;
+ register int *result asm ("r0");
+ asm ("sysint" : "=r" (result) : "0" (p1), "r" (p2));
+
+ Some instructions clobber specific hard registers. To describe this,
+write a third colon after the input operands, followed by the names of
+the clobbered hard registers (given as strings). Here is a realistic
+example for the VAX:
+
+ asm volatile ("movc3 %0,%1,%2"
+ : /* no outputs */
+ : "g" (from), "g" (to), "g" (count)
+ : "r0", "r1", "r2", "r3", "r4", "r5");
+
+ You may not write a clobber description in a way that overlaps with an
+input or output operand. For example, you may not have an operand
+describing a register class with one member if you mention that register
+in the clobber list. Variables declared to live in specific registers
+(*note Explicit Reg Vars::), and used as asm input or output operands
+must have no part mentioned in the clobber description. There is no
+way for you to specify that an input operand is modified without also
+specifying it as an output operand. Note that if all the output
+operands you specify are for this purpose (and hence unused), you will
+then also need to specify `volatile' for the `asm' construct, as
+described below, to prevent GCC from deleting the `asm' statement as
+unused.
+
+ If you refer to a particular hardware register from the assembler code,
+you will probably have to list the register after the third colon to
+tell the compiler the register's value is modified. In some assemblers,
+the register names begin with `%'; to produce one `%' in the assembler
+code, you must write `%%' in the input.
+
+ If your assembler instruction can alter the condition code register,
+add `cc' to the list of clobbered registers. GCC on some machines
+represents the condition codes as a specific hardware register; `cc'
+serves to name this register. On other machines, the condition code is
+handled differently, and specifying `cc' has no effect. But it is
+valid no matter what the machine.
+
+ If your assembler instructions access memory in an unpredictable
+fashion, add `memory' to the list of clobbered registers. This will
+cause GCC to not keep memory values cached in registers across the
+assembler instruction and not optimize stores or loads to that memory.
+You will also want to add the `volatile' keyword if the memory affected
+is not listed in the inputs or outputs of the `asm', as the `memory'
+clobber does not count as a side-effect of the `asm'. If you know how
+large the accessed memory is, you can add it as input or output but if
+this is not known, you should add `memory'. As an example, if you
+access ten bytes of a string, you can use a memory input like:
+
+ {"m"( ({ struct { char x[10]; } *p = (void *)ptr ; *p; }) )}.
+
+ Note that in the following example the memory input is necessary,
+otherwise GCC might optimize the store to `x' away:
+ int foo ()
+ {
+ int x = 42;
+ int *y = &x;
+ int result;
+ asm ("magic stuff accessing an 'int' pointed to by '%1'"
+ "=&d" (r) : "a" (y), "m" (*y));
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ You can put multiple assembler instructions together in a single `asm'
+template, separated by the characters normally used in assembly code
+for the system. A combination that works in most places is a newline
+to break the line, plus a tab character to move to the instruction field
+(written as `\n\t'). Sometimes semicolons can be used, if the
+assembler allows semicolons as a line-breaking character. Note that
+some assembler dialects use semicolons to start a comment. The input
+operands are guaranteed not to use any of the clobbered registers, and
+neither will the output operands' addresses, so you can read and write
+the clobbered registers as many times as you like. Here is an example
+of multiple instructions in a template; it assumes the subroutine
+`_foo' accepts arguments in registers 9 and 10:
+
+ asm ("movl %0,r9\n\tmovl %1,r10\n\tcall _foo"
+ : /* no outputs */
+ : "g" (from), "g" (to)
+ : "r9", "r10");
+
+ Unless an output operand has the `&' constraint modifier, GCC may
+allocate it in the same register as an unrelated input operand, on the
+assumption the inputs are consumed before the outputs are produced.
+This assumption may be false if the assembler code actually consists of
+more than one instruction. In such a case, use `&' for each output
+operand that may not overlap an input. *Note Modifiers::.
+
+ If you want to test the condition code produced by an assembler
+instruction, you must include a branch and a label in the `asm'
+construct, as follows:
+
+ asm ("clr %0\n\tfrob %1\n\tbeq 0f\n\tmov #1,%0\n0:"
+ : "g" (result)
+ : "g" (input));
+
+This assumes your assembler supports local labels, as the GNU assembler
+and most Unix assemblers do.
+
+ Speaking of labels, jumps from one `asm' to another are not supported.
+The compiler's optimizers do not know about these jumps, and therefore
+they cannot take account of them when deciding how to optimize.
+
+ Usually the most convenient way to use these `asm' instructions is to
+encapsulate them in macros that look like functions. For example,
+
+ #define sin(x) \
+ ({ double __value, __arg = (x); \
+ asm ("fsinx %1,%0": "=f" (__value): "f" (__arg)); \
+ __value; })
+
+Here the variable `__arg' is used to make sure that the instruction
+operates on a proper `double' value, and to accept only those arguments
+`x' which can convert automatically to a `double'.
+
+ Another way to make sure the instruction operates on the correct data
+type is to use a cast in the `asm'. This is different from using a
+variable `__arg' in that it converts more different types. For
+example, if the desired type were `int', casting the argument to `int'
+would accept a pointer with no complaint, while assigning the argument
+to an `int' variable named `__arg' would warn about using a pointer
+unless the caller explicitly casts it.
+
+ If an `asm' has output operands, GCC assumes for optimization purposes
+the instruction has no side effects except to change the output
+operands. This does not mean instructions with a side effect cannot be
+used, but you must be careful, because the compiler may eliminate them
+if the output operands aren't used, or move them out of loops, or
+replace two with one if they constitute a common subexpression. Also,
+if your instruction does have a side effect on a variable that otherwise
+appears not to change, the old value of the variable may be reused later
+if it happens to be found in a register.
+
+ You can prevent an `asm' instruction from being deleted by writing the
+keyword `volatile' after the `asm'. For example:
+
+ #define get_and_set_priority(new) \
+ ({ int __old; \
+ asm volatile ("get_and_set_priority %0, %1" \
+ : "=g" (__old) : "g" (new)); \
+ __old; })
+
+The `volatile' keyword indicates that the instruction has important
+side-effects. GCC will not delete a volatile `asm' if it is reachable.
+(The instruction can still be deleted if GCC can prove that
+control-flow will never reach the location of the instruction.) Note
+that even a volatile `asm' instruction can be moved relative to other
+code, including across jump instructions. For example, on many targets
+there is a system register which can be set to control the rounding
+mode of floating point operations. You might try setting it with a
+volatile `asm', like this PowerPC example:
+
+ asm volatile("mtfsf 255,%0" : : "f" (fpenv));
+ sum = x + y;
+
+This will not work reliably, as the compiler may move the addition back
+before the volatile `asm'. To make it work you need to add an
+artificial dependency to the `asm' referencing a variable in the code
+you don't want moved, for example:
+
+ asm volatile ("mtfsf 255,%1" : "=X"(sum): "f"(fpenv));
+ sum = x + y;
+
+ Similarly, you can't expect a sequence of volatile `asm' instructions
+to remain perfectly consecutive. If you want consecutive output, use a
+single `asm'. Also, GCC will perform some optimizations across a
+volatile `asm' instruction; GCC does not "forget everything" when it
+encounters a volatile `asm' instruction the way some other compilers do.
+
+ An `asm' instruction without any output operands will be treated
+identically to a volatile `asm' instruction.
+
+ It is a natural idea to look for a way to give access to the condition
+code left by the assembler instruction. However, when we attempted to
+implement this, we found no way to make it work reliably. The problem
+is that output operands might need reloading, which would result in
+additional following "store" instructions. On most machines, these
+instructions would alter the condition code before there was time to
+test it. This problem doesn't arise for ordinary "test" and "compare"
+instructions because they don't have any output operands.
+
+ For reasons similar to those described above, it is not possible to
+give an assembler instruction access to the condition code left by
+previous instructions.
+
+ If you are writing a header file that should be includable in ISO C
+programs, write `__asm__' instead of `asm'. *Note Alternate Keywords::.
+
+5.37.1 Size of an `asm'
+-----------------------
+
+Some targets require that GCC track the size of each instruction used in
+order to generate correct code. Because the final length of an `asm'
+is only known by the assembler, GCC must make an estimate as to how big
+it will be. The estimate is formed by counting the number of
+statements in the pattern of the `asm' and multiplying that by the
+length of the longest instruction on that processor. Statements in the
+`asm' are identified by newline characters and whatever statement
+separator characters are supported by the assembler; on most processors
+this is the ``;'' character.
+
+ Normally, GCC's estimate is perfectly adequate to ensure that correct
+code is generated, but it is possible to confuse the compiler if you use
+pseudo instructions or assembler macros that expand into multiple real
+instructions or if you use assembler directives that expand to more
+space in the object file than would be needed for a single instruction.
+If this happens then the assembler will produce a diagnostic saying that
+a label is unreachable.
+
+5.37.2 i386 floating point asm operands
+---------------------------------------
+
+There are several rules on the usage of stack-like regs in asm_operands
+insns. These rules apply only to the operands that are stack-like regs:
+
+ 1. Given a set of input regs that die in an asm_operands, it is
+ necessary to know which are implicitly popped by the asm, and
+ which must be explicitly popped by gcc.
+
+ An input reg that is implicitly popped by the asm must be
+ explicitly clobbered, unless it is constrained to match an output
+ operand.
+
+ 2. For any input reg that is implicitly popped by an asm, it is
+ necessary to know how to adjust the stack to compensate for the
+ pop. If any non-popped input is closer to the top of the
+ reg-stack than the implicitly popped reg, it would not be possible
+ to know what the stack looked like--it's not clear how the rest of
+ the stack "slides up".
+
+ All implicitly popped input regs must be closer to the top of the
+ reg-stack than any input that is not implicitly popped.
+
+ It is possible that if an input dies in an insn, reload might use
+ the input reg for an output reload. Consider this example:
+
+ asm ("foo" : "=t" (a) : "f" (b));
+
+ This asm says that input B is not popped by the asm, and that the
+ asm pushes a result onto the reg-stack, i.e., the stack is one
+ deeper after the asm than it was before. But, it is possible that
+ reload will think that it can use the same reg for both the input
+ and the output, if input B dies in this insn.
+
+ If any input operand uses the `f' constraint, all output reg
+ constraints must use the `&' earlyclobber.
+
+ The asm above would be written as
+
+ asm ("foo" : "=&t" (a) : "f" (b));
+
+ 3. Some operands need to be in particular places on the stack. All
+ output operands fall in this category--there is no other way to
+ know which regs the outputs appear in unless the user indicates
+ this in the constraints.
+
+ Output operands must specifically indicate which reg an output
+ appears in after an asm. `=f' is not allowed: the operand
+ constraints must select a class with a single reg.
+
+ 4. Output operands may not be "inserted" between existing stack regs.
+ Since no 387 opcode uses a read/write operand, all output operands
+ are dead before the asm_operands, and are pushed by the
+ asm_operands. It makes no sense to push anywhere but the top of
+ the reg-stack.
+
+ Output operands must start at the top of the reg-stack: output
+ operands may not "skip" a reg.
+
+ 5. Some asm statements may need extra stack space for internal
+ calculations. This can be guaranteed by clobbering stack registers
+ unrelated to the inputs and outputs.
+
+
+ Here are a couple of reasonable asms to want to write. This asm takes
+one input, which is internally popped, and produces two outputs.
+
+ asm ("fsincos" : "=t" (cos), "=u" (sin) : "0" (inp));
+
+ This asm takes two inputs, which are popped by the `fyl2xp1' opcode,
+and replaces them with one output. The user must code the `st(1)'
+clobber for reg-stack.c to know that `fyl2xp1' pops both inputs.
+
+ asm ("fyl2xp1" : "=t" (result) : "0" (x), "u" (y) : "st(1)");
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Constraints, Next: Asm Labels, Prev: Extended Asm, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.38 Constraints for `asm' Operands
+===================================
+
+Here are specific details on what constraint letters you can use with
+`asm' operands. Constraints can say whether an operand may be in a
+register, and which kinds of register; whether the operand can be a
+memory reference, and which kinds of address; whether the operand may
+be an immediate constant, and which possible values it may have.
+Constraints can also require two operands to match.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Simple Constraints:: Basic use of constraints.
+* Multi-Alternative:: When an insn has two alternative constraint-patterns.
+* Modifiers:: More precise control over effects of constraints.
+* Machine Constraints:: Special constraints for some particular machines.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Simple Constraints, Next: Multi-Alternative, Up: Constraints
+
+5.38.1 Simple Constraints
+-------------------------
+
+The simplest kind of constraint is a string full of letters, each of
+which describes one kind of operand that is permitted. Here are the
+letters that are allowed:
+
+whitespace
+ Whitespace characters are ignored and can be inserted at any
+ position except the first. This enables each alternative for
+ different operands to be visually aligned in the machine
+ description even if they have different number of constraints and
+ modifiers.
+
+`m'
+ A memory operand is allowed, with any kind of address that the
+ machine supports in general. Note that the letter used for the
+ general memory constraint can be re-defined by a back end using
+ the `TARGET_MEM_CONSTRAINT' macro.
+
+`o'
+ A memory operand is allowed, but only if the address is
+ "offsettable". This means that adding a small integer (actually,
+ the width in bytes of the operand, as determined by its machine
+ mode) may be added to the address and the result is also a valid
+ memory address.
+
+ For example, an address which is constant is offsettable; so is an
+ address that is the sum of a register and a constant (as long as a
+ slightly larger constant is also within the range of
+ address-offsets supported by the machine); but an autoincrement or
+ autodecrement address is not offsettable. More complicated
+ indirect/indexed addresses may or may not be offsettable depending
+ on the other addressing modes that the machine supports.
+
+ Note that in an output operand which can be matched by another
+ operand, the constraint letter `o' is valid only when accompanied
+ by both `<' (if the target machine has predecrement addressing)
+ and `>' (if the target machine has preincrement addressing).
+
+`V'
+ A memory operand that is not offsettable. In other words,
+ anything that would fit the `m' constraint but not the `o'
+ constraint.
+
+`<'
+ A memory operand with autodecrement addressing (either
+ predecrement or postdecrement) is allowed.
+
+`>'
+ A memory operand with autoincrement addressing (either
+ preincrement or postincrement) is allowed.
+
+`r'
+ A register operand is allowed provided that it is in a general
+ register.
+
+`i'
+ An immediate integer operand (one with constant value) is allowed.
+ This includes symbolic constants whose values will be known only at
+ assembly time or later.
+
+`n'
+ An immediate integer operand with a known numeric value is allowed.
+ Many systems cannot support assembly-time constants for operands
+ less than a word wide. Constraints for these operands should use
+ `n' rather than `i'.
+
+`I', `J', `K', ... `P'
+ Other letters in the range `I' through `P' may be defined in a
+ machine-dependent fashion to permit immediate integer operands with
+ explicit integer values in specified ranges. For example, on the
+ 68000, `I' is defined to stand for the range of values 1 to 8.
+ This is the range permitted as a shift count in the shift
+ instructions.
+
+`E'
+ An immediate floating operand (expression code `const_double') is
+ allowed, but only if the target floating point format is the same
+ as that of the host machine (on which the compiler is running).
+
+`F'
+ An immediate floating operand (expression code `const_double' or
+ `const_vector') is allowed.
+
+`G', `H'
+ `G' and `H' may be defined in a machine-dependent fashion to
+ permit immediate floating operands in particular ranges of values.
+
+`s'
+ An immediate integer operand whose value is not an explicit
+ integer is allowed.
+
+ This might appear strange; if an insn allows a constant operand
+ with a value not known at compile time, it certainly must allow
+ any known value. So why use `s' instead of `i'? Sometimes it
+ allows better code to be generated.
+
+ For example, on the 68000 in a fullword instruction it is possible
+ to use an immediate operand; but if the immediate value is between
+ -128 and 127, better code results from loading the value into a
+ register and using the register. This is because the load into
+ the register can be done with a `moveq' instruction. We arrange
+ for this to happen by defining the letter `K' to mean "any integer
+ outside the range -128 to 127", and then specifying `Ks' in the
+ operand constraints.
+
+`g'
+ Any register, memory or immediate integer operand is allowed,
+ except for registers that are not general registers.
+
+`X'
+ Any operand whatsoever is allowed.
+
+`0', `1', `2', ... `9'
+ An operand that matches the specified operand number is allowed.
+ If a digit is used together with letters within the same
+ alternative, the digit should come last.
+
+ This number is allowed to be more than a single digit. If multiple
+ digits are encountered consecutively, they are interpreted as a
+ single decimal integer. There is scant chance for ambiguity,
+ since to-date it has never been desirable that `10' be interpreted
+ as matching either operand 1 _or_ operand 0. Should this be
+ desired, one can use multiple alternatives instead.
+
+ This is called a "matching constraint" and what it really means is
+ that the assembler has only a single operand that fills two roles
+ which `asm' distinguishes. For example, an add instruction uses
+ two input operands and an output operand, but on most CISC
+ machines an add instruction really has only two operands, one of
+ them an input-output operand:
+
+ addl #35,r12
+
+ Matching constraints are used in these circumstances. More
+ precisely, the two operands that match must include one input-only
+ operand and one output-only operand. Moreover, the digit must be a
+ smaller number than the number of the operand that uses it in the
+ constraint.
+
+`p'
+ An operand that is a valid memory address is allowed. This is for
+ "load address" and "push address" instructions.
+
+ `p' in the constraint must be accompanied by `address_operand' as
+ the predicate in the `match_operand'. This predicate interprets
+ the mode specified in the `match_operand' as the mode of the memory
+ reference for which the address would be valid.
+
+OTHER-LETTERS
+ Other letters can be defined in machine-dependent fashion to stand
+ for particular classes of registers or other arbitrary operand
+ types. `d', `a' and `f' are defined on the 68000/68020 to stand
+ for data, address and floating point registers.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Multi-Alternative, Next: Modifiers, Prev: Simple Constraints, Up: Constraints
+
+5.38.2 Multiple Alternative Constraints
+---------------------------------------
+
+Sometimes a single instruction has multiple alternative sets of possible
+operands. For example, on the 68000, a logical-or instruction can
+combine register or an immediate value into memory, or it can combine
+any kind of operand into a register; but it cannot combine one memory
+location into another.
+
+ These constraints are represented as multiple alternatives. An
+alternative can be described by a series of letters for each operand.
+The overall constraint for an operand is made from the letters for this
+operand from the first alternative, a comma, the letters for this
+operand from the second alternative, a comma, and so on until the last
+alternative.
+
+ If all the operands fit any one alternative, the instruction is valid.
+Otherwise, for each alternative, the compiler counts how many
+instructions must be added to copy the operands so that that
+alternative applies. The alternative requiring the least copying is
+chosen. If two alternatives need the same amount of copying, the one
+that comes first is chosen. These choices can be altered with the `?'
+and `!' characters:
+
+`?'
+ Disparage slightly the alternative that the `?' appears in, as a
+ choice when no alternative applies exactly. The compiler regards
+ this alternative as one unit more costly for each `?' that appears
+ in it.
+
+`!'
+ Disparage severely the alternative that the `!' appears in. This
+ alternative can still be used if it fits without reloading, but if
+ reloading is needed, some other alternative will be used.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Modifiers, Next: Machine Constraints, Prev: Multi-Alternative, Up: Constraints
+
+5.38.3 Constraint Modifier Characters
+-------------------------------------
+
+Here are constraint modifier characters.
+
+`='
+ Means that this operand is write-only for this instruction: the
+ previous value is discarded and replaced by output data.
+
+`+'
+ Means that this operand is both read and written by the
+ instruction.
+
+ When the compiler fixes up the operands to satisfy the constraints,
+ it needs to know which operands are inputs to the instruction and
+ which are outputs from it. `=' identifies an output; `+'
+ identifies an operand that is both input and output; all other
+ operands are assumed to be input only.
+
+ If you specify `=' or `+' in a constraint, you put it in the first
+ character of the constraint string.
+
+`&'
+ Means (in a particular alternative) that this operand is an
+ "earlyclobber" operand, which is modified before the instruction is
+ finished using the input operands. Therefore, this operand may
+ not lie in a register that is used as an input operand or as part
+ of any memory address.
+
+ `&' applies only to the alternative in which it is written. In
+ constraints with multiple alternatives, sometimes one alternative
+ requires `&' while others do not. See, for example, the `movdf'
+ insn of the 68000.
+
+ An input operand can be tied to an earlyclobber operand if its only
+ use as an input occurs before the early result is written. Adding
+ alternatives of this form often allows GCC to produce better code
+ when only some of the inputs can be affected by the earlyclobber.
+ See, for example, the `mulsi3' insn of the ARM.
+
+ `&' does not obviate the need to write `='.
+
+`%'
+ Declares the instruction to be commutative for this operand and the
+ following operand. This means that the compiler may interchange
+ the two operands if that is the cheapest way to make all operands
+ fit the constraints. GCC can only handle one commutative pair in
+ an asm; if you use more, the compiler may fail. Note that you
+ need not use the modifier if the two alternatives are strictly
+ identical; this would only waste time in the reload pass. The
+ modifier is not operational after register allocation, so the
+ result of `define_peephole2' and `define_split's performed after
+ reload cannot rely on `%' to make the intended insn match.
+
+`#'
+ Says that all following characters, up to the next comma, are to be
+ ignored as a constraint. They are significant only for choosing
+ register preferences.
+
+`*'
+ Says that the following character should be ignored when choosing
+ register preferences. `*' has no effect on the meaning of the
+ constraint as a constraint, and no effect on reloading.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Machine Constraints, Prev: Modifiers, Up: Constraints
+
+5.38.4 Constraints for Particular Machines
+------------------------------------------
+
+Whenever possible, you should use the general-purpose constraint letters
+in `asm' arguments, since they will convey meaning more readily to
+people reading your code. Failing that, use the constraint letters
+that usually have very similar meanings across architectures. The most
+commonly used constraints are `m' and `r' (for memory and
+general-purpose registers respectively; *note Simple Constraints::), and
+`I', usually the letter indicating the most common immediate-constant
+format.
+
+ Each architecture defines additional constraints. These constraints
+are used by the compiler itself for instruction generation, as well as
+for `asm' statements; therefore, some of the constraints are not
+particularly useful for `asm'. Here is a summary of some of the
+machine-dependent constraints available on some particular machines; it
+includes both constraints that are useful for `asm' and constraints
+that aren't. The compiler source file mentioned in the table heading
+for each architecture is the definitive reference for the meanings of
+that architecture's constraints.
+
+_ARM family--`config/arm/arm.h'_
+
+ `f'
+ Floating-point register
+
+ `w'
+ VFP floating-point register
+
+ `F'
+ One of the floating-point constants 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0,
+ 4.0, 5.0 or 10.0
+
+ `G'
+ Floating-point constant that would satisfy the constraint `F'
+ if it were negated
+
+ `I'
+ Integer that is valid as an immediate operand in a data
+ processing instruction. That is, an integer in the range 0
+ to 255 rotated by a multiple of 2
+
+ `J'
+ Integer in the range -4095 to 4095
+
+ `K'
+ Integer that satisfies constraint `I' when inverted (ones
+ complement)
+
+ `L'
+ Integer that satisfies constraint `I' when negated (twos
+ complement)
+
+ `M'
+ Integer in the range 0 to 32
+
+ `Q'
+ A memory reference where the exact address is in a single
+ register (``m'' is preferable for `asm' statements)
+
+ `R'
+ An item in the constant pool
+
+ `S'
+ A symbol in the text segment of the current file
+
+ `Uv'
+ A memory reference suitable for VFP load/store insns
+ (reg+constant offset)
+
+ `Uy'
+ A memory reference suitable for iWMMXt load/store
+ instructions.
+
+ `Uq'
+ A memory reference suitable for the ARMv4 ldrsb instruction.
+
+_AVR family--`config/avr/constraints.md'_
+
+ `l'
+ Registers from r0 to r15
+
+ `a'
+ Registers from r16 to r23
+
+ `d'
+ Registers from r16 to r31
+
+ `w'
+ Registers from r24 to r31. These registers can be used in
+ `adiw' command
+
+ `e'
+ Pointer register (r26-r31)
+
+ `b'
+ Base pointer register (r28-r31)
+
+ `q'
+ Stack pointer register (SPH:SPL)
+
+ `t'
+ Temporary register r0
+
+ `x'
+ Register pair X (r27:r26)
+
+ `y'
+ Register pair Y (r29:r28)
+
+ `z'
+ Register pair Z (r31:r30)
+
+ `I'
+ Constant greater than -1, less than 64
+
+ `J'
+ Constant greater than -64, less than 1
+
+ `K'
+ Constant integer 2
+
+ `L'
+ Constant integer 0
+
+ `M'
+ Constant that fits in 8 bits
+
+ `N'
+ Constant integer -1
+
+ `O'
+ Constant integer 8, 16, or 24
+
+ `P'
+ Constant integer 1
+
+ `G'
+ A floating point constant 0.0
+
+ `R'
+ Integer constant in the range -6 ... 5.
+
+ `Q'
+ A memory address based on Y or Z pointer with displacement.
+
+_CRX Architecture--`config/crx/crx.h'_
+
+ `b'
+ Registers from r0 to r14 (registers without stack pointer)
+
+ `l'
+ Register r16 (64-bit accumulator lo register)
+
+ `h'
+ Register r17 (64-bit accumulator hi register)
+
+ `k'
+ Register pair r16-r17. (64-bit accumulator lo-hi pair)
+
+ `I'
+ Constant that fits in 3 bits
+
+ `J'
+ Constant that fits in 4 bits
+
+ `K'
+ Constant that fits in 5 bits
+
+ `L'
+ Constant that is one of -1, 4, -4, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 48
+
+ `G'
+ Floating point constant that is legal for store immediate
+
+_Hewlett-Packard PA-RISC--`config/pa/pa.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ General register 1
+
+ `f'
+ Floating point register
+
+ `q'
+ Shift amount register
+
+ `x'
+ Floating point register (deprecated)
+
+ `y'
+ Upper floating point register (32-bit), floating point
+ register (64-bit)
+
+ `Z'
+ Any register
+
+ `I'
+ Signed 11-bit integer constant
+
+ `J'
+ Signed 14-bit integer constant
+
+ `K'
+ Integer constant that can be deposited with a `zdepi'
+ instruction
+
+ `L'
+ Signed 5-bit integer constant
+
+ `M'
+ Integer constant 0
+
+ `N'
+ Integer constant that can be loaded with a `ldil' instruction
+
+ `O'
+ Integer constant whose value plus one is a power of 2
+
+ `P'
+ Integer constant that can be used for `and' operations in
+ `depi' and `extru' instructions
+
+ `S'
+ Integer constant 31
+
+ `U'
+ Integer constant 63
+
+ `G'
+ Floating-point constant 0.0
+
+ `A'
+ A `lo_sum' data-linkage-table memory operand
+
+ `Q'
+ A memory operand that can be used as the destination operand
+ of an integer store instruction
+
+ `R'
+ A scaled or unscaled indexed memory operand
+
+ `T'
+ A memory operand for floating-point loads and stores
+
+ `W'
+ A register indirect memory operand
+
+_picoChip family--`picochip.h'_
+
+ `k'
+ Stack register.
+
+ `f'
+ Pointer register. A register which can be used to access
+ memory without supplying an offset. Any other register can
+ be used to access memory, but will need a constant offset.
+ In the case of the offset being zero, it is more efficient to
+ use a pointer register, since this reduces code size.
+
+ `t'
+ A twin register. A register which may be paired with an
+ adjacent register to create a 32-bit register.
+
+ `a'
+ Any absolute memory address (e.g., symbolic constant, symbolic
+ constant + offset).
+
+ `I'
+ 4-bit signed integer.
+
+ `J'
+ 4-bit unsigned integer.
+
+ `K'
+ 8-bit signed integer.
+
+ `M'
+ Any constant whose absolute value is no greater than 4-bits.
+
+ `N'
+ 10-bit signed integer
+
+ `O'
+ 16-bit signed integer.
+
+
+_PowerPC and IBM RS6000--`config/rs6000/rs6000.h'_
+
+ `b'
+ Address base register
+
+ `f'
+ Floating point register
+
+ `v'
+ Vector register
+
+ `h'
+ `MQ', `CTR', or `LINK' register
+
+ `q'
+ `MQ' register
+
+ `c'
+ `CTR' register
+
+ `l'
+ `LINK' register
+
+ `x'
+ `CR' register (condition register) number 0
+
+ `y'
+ `CR' register (condition register)
+
+ `z'
+ `FPMEM' stack memory for FPR-GPR transfers
+
+ `I'
+ Signed 16-bit constant
+
+ `J'
+ Unsigned 16-bit constant shifted left 16 bits (use `L'
+ instead for `SImode' constants)
+
+ `K'
+ Unsigned 16-bit constant
+
+ `L'
+ Signed 16-bit constant shifted left 16 bits
+
+ `M'
+ Constant larger than 31
+
+ `N'
+ Exact power of 2
+
+ `O'
+ Zero
+
+ `P'
+ Constant whose negation is a signed 16-bit constant
+
+ `G'
+ Floating point constant that can be loaded into a register
+ with one instruction per word
+
+ `H'
+ Integer/Floating point constant that can be loaded into a
+ register using three instructions
+
+ `Q'
+ Memory operand that is an offset from a register (`m' is
+ preferable for `asm' statements)
+
+ `Z'
+ Memory operand that is an indexed or indirect from a register
+ (`m' is preferable for `asm' statements)
+
+ `R'
+ AIX TOC entry
+
+ `a'
+ Address operand that is an indexed or indirect from a
+ register (`p' is preferable for `asm' statements)
+
+ `S'
+ Constant suitable as a 64-bit mask operand
+
+ `T'
+ Constant suitable as a 32-bit mask operand
+
+ `U'
+ System V Release 4 small data area reference
+
+ `t'
+ AND masks that can be performed by two rldic{l, r}
+ instructions
+
+ `W'
+ Vector constant that does not require memory
+
+
+_Intel 386--`config/i386/constraints.md'_
+
+ `R'
+ Legacy register--the eight integer registers available on all
+ i386 processors (`a', `b', `c', `d', `si', `di', `bp', `sp').
+
+ `q'
+ Any register accessible as `Rl'. In 32-bit mode, `a', `b',
+ `c', and `d'; in 64-bit mode, any integer register.
+
+ `Q'
+ Any register accessible as `Rh': `a', `b', `c', and `d'.
+
+ `a'
+ The `a' register.
+
+ `b'
+ The `b' register.
+
+ `c'
+ The `c' register.
+
+ `d'
+ The `d' register.
+
+ `S'
+ The `si' register.
+
+ `D'
+ The `di' register.
+
+ `A'
+ The `a' and `d' registers, as a pair (for instructions that
+ return half the result in one and half in the other).
+
+ `f'
+ Any 80387 floating-point (stack) register.
+
+ `t'
+ Top of 80387 floating-point stack (`%st(0)').
+
+ `u'
+ Second from top of 80387 floating-point stack (`%st(1)').
+
+ `y'
+ Any MMX register.
+
+ `x'
+ Any SSE register.
+
+ `Yz'
+ First SSE register (`%xmm0').
+
+ `I'
+ Integer constant in the range 0 ... 31, for 32-bit shifts.
+
+ `J'
+ Integer constant in the range 0 ... 63, for 64-bit shifts.
+
+ `K'
+ Signed 8-bit integer constant.
+
+ `L'
+ `0xFF' or `0xFFFF', for andsi as a zero-extending move.
+
+ `M'
+ 0, 1, 2, or 3 (shifts for the `lea' instruction).
+
+ `N'
+ Unsigned 8-bit integer constant (for `in' and `out'
+ instructions).
+
+ `G'
+ Standard 80387 floating point constant.
+
+ `C'
+ Standard SSE floating point constant.
+
+ `e'
+ 32-bit signed integer constant, or a symbolic reference known
+ to fit that range (for immediate operands in sign-extending
+ x86-64 instructions).
+
+ `Z'
+ 32-bit unsigned integer constant, or a symbolic reference
+ known to fit that range (for immediate operands in
+ zero-extending x86-64 instructions).
+
+
+_Intel IA-64--`config/ia64/ia64.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ General register `r0' to `r3' for `addl' instruction
+
+ `b'
+ Branch register
+
+ `c'
+ Predicate register (`c' as in "conditional")
+
+ `d'
+ Application register residing in M-unit
+
+ `e'
+ Application register residing in I-unit
+
+ `f'
+ Floating-point register
+
+ `m'
+ Memory operand. Remember that `m' allows postincrement and
+ postdecrement which require printing with `%Pn' on IA-64.
+ Use `S' to disallow postincrement and postdecrement.
+
+ `G'
+ Floating-point constant 0.0 or 1.0
+
+ `I'
+ 14-bit signed integer constant
+
+ `J'
+ 22-bit signed integer constant
+
+ `K'
+ 8-bit signed integer constant for logical instructions
+
+ `L'
+ 8-bit adjusted signed integer constant for compare pseudo-ops
+
+ `M'
+ 6-bit unsigned integer constant for shift counts
+
+ `N'
+ 9-bit signed integer constant for load and store
+ postincrements
+
+ `O'
+ The constant zero
+
+ `P'
+ 0 or -1 for `dep' instruction
+
+ `Q'
+ Non-volatile memory for floating-point loads and stores
+
+ `R'
+ Integer constant in the range 1 to 4 for `shladd' instruction
+
+ `S'
+ Memory operand except postincrement and postdecrement
+
+_FRV--`config/frv/frv.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ Register in the class `ACC_REGS' (`acc0' to `acc7').
+
+ `b'
+ Register in the class `EVEN_ACC_REGS' (`acc0' to `acc7').
+
+ `c'
+ Register in the class `CC_REGS' (`fcc0' to `fcc3' and `icc0'
+ to `icc3').
+
+ `d'
+ Register in the class `GPR_REGS' (`gr0' to `gr63').
+
+ `e'
+ Register in the class `EVEN_REGS' (`gr0' to `gr63'). Odd
+ registers are excluded not in the class but through the use
+ of a machine mode larger than 4 bytes.
+
+ `f'
+ Register in the class `FPR_REGS' (`fr0' to `fr63').
+
+ `h'
+ Register in the class `FEVEN_REGS' (`fr0' to `fr63'). Odd
+ registers are excluded not in the class but through the use
+ of a machine mode larger than 4 bytes.
+
+ `l'
+ Register in the class `LR_REG' (the `lr' register).
+
+ `q'
+ Register in the class `QUAD_REGS' (`gr2' to `gr63').
+ Register numbers not divisible by 4 are excluded not in the
+ class but through the use of a machine mode larger than 8
+ bytes.
+
+ `t'
+ Register in the class `ICC_REGS' (`icc0' to `icc3').
+
+ `u'
+ Register in the class `FCC_REGS' (`fcc0' to `fcc3').
+
+ `v'
+ Register in the class `ICR_REGS' (`cc4' to `cc7').
+
+ `w'
+ Register in the class `FCR_REGS' (`cc0' to `cc3').
+
+ `x'
+ Register in the class `QUAD_FPR_REGS' (`fr0' to `fr63').
+ Register numbers not divisible by 4 are excluded not in the
+ class but through the use of a machine mode larger than 8
+ bytes.
+
+ `z'
+ Register in the class `SPR_REGS' (`lcr' and `lr').
+
+ `A'
+ Register in the class `QUAD_ACC_REGS' (`acc0' to `acc7').
+
+ `B'
+ Register in the class `ACCG_REGS' (`accg0' to `accg7').
+
+ `C'
+ Register in the class `CR_REGS' (`cc0' to `cc7').
+
+ `G'
+ Floating point constant zero
+
+ `I'
+ 6-bit signed integer constant
+
+ `J'
+ 10-bit signed integer constant
+
+ `L'
+ 16-bit signed integer constant
+
+ `M'
+ 16-bit unsigned integer constant
+
+ `N'
+ 12-bit signed integer constant that is negative--i.e. in the
+ range of -2048 to -1
+
+ `O'
+ Constant zero
+
+ `P'
+ 12-bit signed integer constant that is greater than
+ zero--i.e. in the range of 1 to 2047.
+
+
+_Blackfin family--`config/bfin/constraints.md'_
+
+ `a'
+ P register
+
+ `d'
+ D register
+
+ `z'
+ A call clobbered P register.
+
+ `qN'
+ A single register. If N is in the range 0 to 7, the
+ corresponding D register. If it is `A', then the register P0.
+
+ `D'
+ Even-numbered D register
+
+ `W'
+ Odd-numbered D register
+
+ `e'
+ Accumulator register.
+
+ `A'
+ Even-numbered accumulator register.
+
+ `B'
+ Odd-numbered accumulator register.
+
+ `b'
+ I register
+
+ `v'
+ B register
+
+ `f'
+ M register
+
+ `c'
+ Registers used for circular buffering, i.e. I, B, or L
+ registers.
+
+ `C'
+ The CC register.
+
+ `t'
+ LT0 or LT1.
+
+ `k'
+ LC0 or LC1.
+
+ `u'
+ LB0 or LB1.
+
+ `x'
+ Any D, P, B, M, I or L register.
+
+ `y'
+ Additional registers typically used only in prologues and
+ epilogues: RETS, RETN, RETI, RETX, RETE, ASTAT, SEQSTAT and
+ USP.
+
+ `w'
+ Any register except accumulators or CC.
+
+ `Ksh'
+ Signed 16 bit integer (in the range -32768 to 32767)
+
+ `Kuh'
+ Unsigned 16 bit integer (in the range 0 to 65535)
+
+ `Ks7'
+ Signed 7 bit integer (in the range -64 to 63)
+
+ `Ku7'
+ Unsigned 7 bit integer (in the range 0 to 127)
+
+ `Ku5'
+ Unsigned 5 bit integer (in the range 0 to 31)
+
+ `Ks4'
+ Signed 4 bit integer (in the range -8 to 7)
+
+ `Ks3'
+ Signed 3 bit integer (in the range -3 to 4)
+
+ `Ku3'
+ Unsigned 3 bit integer (in the range 0 to 7)
+
+ `PN'
+ Constant N, where N is a single-digit constant in the range 0
+ to 4.
+
+ `PA'
+ An integer equal to one of the MACFLAG_XXX constants that is
+ suitable for use with either accumulator.
+
+ `PB'
+ An integer equal to one of the MACFLAG_XXX constants that is
+ suitable for use only with accumulator A1.
+
+ `M1'
+ Constant 255.
+
+ `M2'
+ Constant 65535.
+
+ `J'
+ An integer constant with exactly a single bit set.
+
+ `L'
+ An integer constant with all bits set except exactly one.
+
+ `H'
+
+ `Q'
+ Any SYMBOL_REF.
+
+_M32C--`config/m32c/m32c.c'_
+
+ `Rsp'
+ `Rfb'
+ `Rsb'
+ `$sp', `$fb', `$sb'.
+
+ `Rcr'
+ Any control register, when they're 16 bits wide (nothing if
+ control registers are 24 bits wide)
+
+ `Rcl'
+ Any control register, when they're 24 bits wide.
+
+ `R0w'
+ `R1w'
+ `R2w'
+ `R3w'
+ $r0, $r1, $r2, $r3.
+
+ `R02'
+ $r0 or $r2, or $r2r0 for 32 bit values.
+
+ `R13'
+ $r1 or $r3, or $r3r1 for 32 bit values.
+
+ `Rdi'
+ A register that can hold a 64 bit value.
+
+ `Rhl'
+ $r0 or $r1 (registers with addressable high/low bytes)
+
+ `R23'
+ $r2 or $r3
+
+ `Raa'
+ Address registers
+
+ `Raw'
+ Address registers when they're 16 bits wide.
+
+ `Ral'
+ Address registers when they're 24 bits wide.
+
+ `Rqi'
+ Registers that can hold QI values.
+
+ `Rad'
+ Registers that can be used with displacements ($a0, $a1, $sb).
+
+ `Rsi'
+ Registers that can hold 32 bit values.
+
+ `Rhi'
+ Registers that can hold 16 bit values.
+
+ `Rhc'
+ Registers chat can hold 16 bit values, including all control
+ registers.
+
+ `Rra'
+ $r0 through R1, plus $a0 and $a1.
+
+ `Rfl'
+ The flags register.
+
+ `Rmm'
+ The memory-based pseudo-registers $mem0 through $mem15.
+
+ `Rpi'
+ Registers that can hold pointers (16 bit registers for r8c,
+ m16c; 24 bit registers for m32cm, m32c).
+
+ `Rpa'
+ Matches multiple registers in a PARALLEL to form a larger
+ register. Used to match function return values.
+
+ `Is3'
+ -8 ... 7
+
+ `IS1'
+ -128 ... 127
+
+ `IS2'
+ -32768 ... 32767
+
+ `IU2'
+ 0 ... 65535
+
+ `In4'
+ -8 ... -1 or 1 ... 8
+
+ `In5'
+ -16 ... -1 or 1 ... 16
+
+ `In6'
+ -32 ... -1 or 1 ... 32
+
+ `IM2'
+ -65536 ... -1
+
+ `Ilb'
+ An 8 bit value with exactly one bit set.
+
+ `Ilw'
+ A 16 bit value with exactly one bit set.
+
+ `Sd'
+ The common src/dest memory addressing modes.
+
+ `Sa'
+ Memory addressed using $a0 or $a1.
+
+ `Si'
+ Memory addressed with immediate addresses.
+
+ `Ss'
+ Memory addressed using the stack pointer ($sp).
+
+ `Sf'
+ Memory addressed using the frame base register ($fb).
+
+ `Ss'
+ Memory addressed using the small base register ($sb).
+
+ `S1'
+ $r1h
+
+_MIPS--`config/mips/constraints.md'_
+
+ `d'
+ An address register. This is equivalent to `r' unless
+ generating MIPS16 code.
+
+ `f'
+ A floating-point register (if available).
+
+ `h'
+ Formerly the `hi' register. This constraint is no longer
+ supported.
+
+ `l'
+ The `lo' register. Use this register to store values that are
+ no bigger than a word.
+
+ `x'
+ The concatenated `hi' and `lo' registers. Use this register
+ to store doubleword values.
+
+ `c'
+ A register suitable for use in an indirect jump. This will
+ always be `$25' for `-mabicalls'.
+
+ `v'
+ Register `$3'. Do not use this constraint in new code; it is
+ retained only for compatibility with glibc.
+
+ `y'
+ Equivalent to `r'; retained for backwards compatibility.
+
+ `z'
+ A floating-point condition code register.
+
+ `I'
+ A signed 16-bit constant (for arithmetic instructions).
+
+ `J'
+ Integer zero.
+
+ `K'
+ An unsigned 16-bit constant (for logic instructions).
+
+ `L'
+ A signed 32-bit constant in which the lower 16 bits are zero.
+ Such constants can be loaded using `lui'.
+
+ `M'
+ A constant that cannot be loaded using `lui', `addiu' or
+ `ori'.
+
+ `N'
+ A constant in the range -65535 to -1 (inclusive).
+
+ `O'
+ A signed 15-bit constant.
+
+ `P'
+ A constant in the range 1 to 65535 (inclusive).
+
+ `G'
+ Floating-point zero.
+
+ `R'
+ An address that can be used in a non-macro load or store.
+
+_Motorola 680x0--`config/m68k/constraints.md'_
+
+ `a'
+ Address register
+
+ `d'
+ Data register
+
+ `f'
+ 68881 floating-point register, if available
+
+ `I'
+ Integer in the range 1 to 8
+
+ `J'
+ 16-bit signed number
+
+ `K'
+ Signed number whose magnitude is greater than 0x80
+
+ `L'
+ Integer in the range -8 to -1
+
+ `M'
+ Signed number whose magnitude is greater than 0x100
+
+ `N'
+ Range 24 to 31, rotatert:SI 8 to 1 expressed as rotate
+
+ `O'
+ 16 (for rotate using swap)
+
+ `P'
+ Range 8 to 15, rotatert:HI 8 to 1 expressed as rotate
+
+ `R'
+ Numbers that mov3q can handle
+
+ `G'
+ Floating point constant that is not a 68881 constant
+
+ `S'
+ Operands that satisfy 'm' when -mpcrel is in effect
+
+ `T'
+ Operands that satisfy 's' when -mpcrel is not in effect
+
+ `Q'
+ Address register indirect addressing mode
+
+ `U'
+ Register offset addressing
+
+ `W'
+ const_call_operand
+
+ `Cs'
+ symbol_ref or const
+
+ `Ci'
+ const_int
+
+ `C0'
+ const_int 0
+
+ `Cj'
+ Range of signed numbers that don't fit in 16 bits
+
+ `Cmvq'
+ Integers valid for mvq
+
+ `Capsw'
+ Integers valid for a moveq followed by a swap
+
+ `Cmvz'
+ Integers valid for mvz
+
+ `Cmvs'
+ Integers valid for mvs
+
+ `Ap'
+ push_operand
+
+ `Ac'
+ Non-register operands allowed in clr
+
+
+_Motorola 68HC11 & 68HC12 families--`config/m68hc11/m68hc11.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ Register `a'
+
+ `b'
+ Register `b'
+
+ `d'
+ Register `d'
+
+ `q'
+ An 8-bit register
+
+ `t'
+ Temporary soft register _.tmp
+
+ `u'
+ A soft register _.d1 to _.d31
+
+ `w'
+ Stack pointer register
+
+ `x'
+ Register `x'
+
+ `y'
+ Register `y'
+
+ `z'
+ Pseudo register `z' (replaced by `x' or `y' at the end)
+
+ `A'
+ An address register: x, y or z
+
+ `B'
+ An address register: x or y
+
+ `D'
+ Register pair (x:d) to form a 32-bit value
+
+ `L'
+ Constants in the range -65536 to 65535
+
+ `M'
+ Constants whose 16-bit low part is zero
+
+ `N'
+ Constant integer 1 or -1
+
+ `O'
+ Constant integer 16
+
+ `P'
+ Constants in the range -8 to 2
+
+
+_SPARC--`config/sparc/sparc.h'_
+
+ `f'
+ Floating-point register on the SPARC-V8 architecture and
+ lower floating-point register on the SPARC-V9 architecture.
+
+ `e'
+ Floating-point register. It is equivalent to `f' on the
+ SPARC-V8 architecture and contains both lower and upper
+ floating-point registers on the SPARC-V9 architecture.
+
+ `c'
+ Floating-point condition code register.
+
+ `d'
+ Lower floating-point register. It is only valid on the
+ SPARC-V9 architecture when the Visual Instruction Set is
+ available.
+
+ `b'
+ Floating-point register. It is only valid on the SPARC-V9
+ architecture when the Visual Instruction Set is available.
+
+ `h'
+ 64-bit global or out register for the SPARC-V8+ architecture.
+
+ `D'
+ A vector constant
+
+ `I'
+ Signed 13-bit constant
+
+ `J'
+ Zero
+
+ `K'
+ 32-bit constant with the low 12 bits clear (a constant that
+ can be loaded with the `sethi' instruction)
+
+ `L'
+ A constant in the range supported by `movcc' instructions
+
+ `M'
+ A constant in the range supported by `movrcc' instructions
+
+ `N'
+ Same as `K', except that it verifies that bits that are not
+ in the lower 32-bit range are all zero. Must be used instead
+ of `K' for modes wider than `SImode'
+
+ `O'
+ The constant 4096
+
+ `G'
+ Floating-point zero
+
+ `H'
+ Signed 13-bit constant, sign-extended to 32 or 64 bits
+
+ `Q'
+ Floating-point constant whose integral representation can be
+ moved into an integer register using a single sethi
+ instruction
+
+ `R'
+ Floating-point constant whose integral representation can be
+ moved into an integer register using a single mov instruction
+
+ `S'
+ Floating-point constant whose integral representation can be
+ moved into an integer register using a high/lo_sum
+ instruction sequence
+
+ `T'
+ Memory address aligned to an 8-byte boundary
+
+ `U'
+ Even register
+
+ `W'
+ Memory address for `e' constraint registers
+
+ `Y'
+ Vector zero
+
+
+_SPU--`config/spu/spu.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ An immediate which can be loaded with the il/ila/ilh/ilhu
+ instructions. const_int is treated as a 64 bit value.
+
+ `c'
+ An immediate for and/xor/or instructions. const_int is
+ treated as a 64 bit value.
+
+ `d'
+ An immediate for the `iohl' instruction. const_int is
+ treated as a 64 bit value.
+
+ `f'
+ An immediate which can be loaded with `fsmbi'.
+
+ `A'
+ An immediate which can be loaded with the il/ila/ilh/ilhu
+ instructions. const_int is treated as a 32 bit value.
+
+ `B'
+ An immediate for most arithmetic instructions. const_int is
+ treated as a 32 bit value.
+
+ `C'
+ An immediate for and/xor/or instructions. const_int is
+ treated as a 32 bit value.
+
+ `D'
+ An immediate for the `iohl' instruction. const_int is
+ treated as a 32 bit value.
+
+ `I'
+ A constant in the range [-64, 63] for shift/rotate
+ instructions.
+
+ `J'
+ An unsigned 7-bit constant for conversion/nop/channel
+ instructions.
+
+ `K'
+ A signed 10-bit constant for most arithmetic instructions.
+
+ `M'
+ A signed 16 bit immediate for `stop'.
+
+ `N'
+ An unsigned 16-bit constant for `iohl' and `fsmbi'.
+
+ `O'
+ An unsigned 7-bit constant whose 3 least significant bits are
+ 0.
+
+ `P'
+ An unsigned 3-bit constant for 16-byte rotates and shifts
+
+ `R'
+ Call operand, reg, for indirect calls
+
+ `S'
+ Call operand, symbol, for relative calls.
+
+ `T'
+ Call operand, const_int, for absolute calls.
+
+ `U'
+ An immediate which can be loaded with the il/ila/ilh/ilhu
+ instructions. const_int is sign extended to 128 bit.
+
+ `W'
+ An immediate for shift and rotate instructions. const_int is
+ treated as a 32 bit value.
+
+ `Y'
+ An immediate for and/xor/or instructions. const_int is sign
+ extended as a 128 bit.
+
+ `Z'
+ An immediate for the `iohl' instruction. const_int is sign
+ extended to 128 bit.
+
+
+_S/390 and zSeries--`config/s390/s390.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ Address register (general purpose register except r0)
+
+ `c'
+ Condition code register
+
+ `d'
+ Data register (arbitrary general purpose register)
+
+ `f'
+ Floating-point register
+
+ `I'
+ Unsigned 8-bit constant (0-255)
+
+ `J'
+ Unsigned 12-bit constant (0-4095)
+
+ `K'
+ Signed 16-bit constant (-32768-32767)
+
+ `L'
+ Value appropriate as displacement.
+ `(0..4095)'
+ for short displacement
+
+ `(-524288..524287)'
+ for long displacement
+
+ `M'
+ Constant integer with a value of 0x7fffffff.
+
+ `N'
+ Multiple letter constraint followed by 4 parameter letters.
+ `0..9:'
+ number of the part counting from most to least
+ significant
+
+ `H,Q:'
+ mode of the part
+
+ `D,S,H:'
+ mode of the containing operand
+
+ `0,F:'
+ value of the other parts (F--all bits set)
+ The constraint matches if the specified part of a constant
+ has a value different from its other parts.
+
+ `Q'
+ Memory reference without index register and with short
+ displacement.
+
+ `R'
+ Memory reference with index register and short displacement.
+
+ `S'
+ Memory reference without index register but with long
+ displacement.
+
+ `T'
+ Memory reference with index register and long displacement.
+
+ `U'
+ Pointer with short displacement.
+
+ `W'
+ Pointer with long displacement.
+
+ `Y'
+ Shift count operand.
+
+
+_Score family--`config/score/score.h'_
+
+ `d'
+ Registers from r0 to r32.
+
+ `e'
+ Registers from r0 to r16.
+
+ `t'
+ r8--r11 or r22--r27 registers.
+
+ `h'
+ hi register.
+
+ `l'
+ lo register.
+
+ `x'
+ hi + lo register.
+
+ `q'
+ cnt register.
+
+ `y'
+ lcb register.
+
+ `z'
+ scb register.
+
+ `a'
+ cnt + lcb + scb register.
+
+ `c'
+ cr0--cr15 register.
+
+ `b'
+ cp1 registers.
+
+ `f'
+ cp2 registers.
+
+ `i'
+ cp3 registers.
+
+ `j'
+ cp1 + cp2 + cp3 registers.
+
+ `I'
+ High 16-bit constant (32-bit constant with 16 LSBs zero).
+
+ `J'
+ Unsigned 5 bit integer (in the range 0 to 31).
+
+ `K'
+ Unsigned 16 bit integer (in the range 0 to 65535).
+
+ `L'
+ Signed 16 bit integer (in the range -32768 to 32767).
+
+ `M'
+ Unsigned 14 bit integer (in the range 0 to 16383).
+
+ `N'
+ Signed 14 bit integer (in the range -8192 to 8191).
+
+ `Z'
+ Any SYMBOL_REF.
+
+_Xstormy16--`config/stormy16/stormy16.h'_
+
+ `a'
+ Register r0.
+
+ `b'
+ Register r1.
+
+ `c'
+ Register r2.
+
+ `d'
+ Register r8.
+
+ `e'
+ Registers r0 through r7.
+
+ `t'
+ Registers r0 and r1.
+
+ `y'
+ The carry register.
+
+ `z'
+ Registers r8 and r9.
+
+ `I'
+ A constant between 0 and 3 inclusive.
+
+ `J'
+ A constant that has exactly one bit set.
+
+ `K'
+ A constant that has exactly one bit clear.
+
+ `L'
+ A constant between 0 and 255 inclusive.
+
+ `M'
+ A constant between -255 and 0 inclusive.
+
+ `N'
+ A constant between -3 and 0 inclusive.
+
+ `O'
+ A constant between 1 and 4 inclusive.
+
+ `P'
+ A constant between -4 and -1 inclusive.
+
+ `Q'
+ A memory reference that is a stack push.
+
+ `R'
+ A memory reference that is a stack pop.
+
+ `S'
+ A memory reference that refers to a constant address of known
+ value.
+
+ `T'
+ The register indicated by Rx (not implemented yet).
+
+ `U'
+ A constant that is not between 2 and 15 inclusive.
+
+ `Z'
+ The constant 0.
+
+
+_Xtensa--`config/xtensa/constraints.md'_
+
+ `a'
+ General-purpose 32-bit register
+
+ `b'
+ One-bit boolean register
+
+ `A'
+ MAC16 40-bit accumulator register
+
+ `I'
+ Signed 12-bit integer constant, for use in MOVI instructions
+
+ `J'
+ Signed 8-bit integer constant, for use in ADDI instructions
+
+ `K'
+ Integer constant valid for BccI instructions
+
+ `L'
+ Unsigned constant valid for BccUI instructions
+
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Asm Labels, Next: Explicit Reg Vars, Prev: Constraints, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.39 Controlling Names Used in Assembler Code
+=============================================
+
+You can specify the name to be used in the assembler code for a C
+function or variable by writing the `asm' (or `__asm__') keyword after
+the declarator as follows:
+
+ int foo asm ("myfoo") = 2;
+
+This specifies that the name to be used for the variable `foo' in the
+assembler code should be `myfoo' rather than the usual `_foo'.
+
+ On systems where an underscore is normally prepended to the name of a C
+function or variable, this feature allows you to define names for the
+linker that do not start with an underscore.
+
+ It does not make sense to use this feature with a non-static local
+variable since such variables do not have assembler names. If you are
+trying to put the variable in a particular register, see *note Explicit
+Reg Vars::. GCC presently accepts such code with a warning, but will
+probably be changed to issue an error, rather than a warning, in the
+future.
+
+ You cannot use `asm' in this way in a function _definition_; but you
+can get the same effect by writing a declaration for the function
+before its definition and putting `asm' there, like this:
+
+ extern func () asm ("FUNC");
+
+ func (x, y)
+ int x, y;
+ /* ... */
+
+ It is up to you to make sure that the assembler names you choose do not
+conflict with any other assembler symbols. Also, you must not use a
+register name; that would produce completely invalid assembler code.
+GCC does not as yet have the ability to store static variables in
+registers. Perhaps that will be added.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Explicit Reg Vars, Next: Alternate Keywords, Prev: Asm Labels, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.40 Variables in Specified Registers
+=====================================
+
+GNU C allows you to put a few global variables into specified hardware
+registers. You can also specify the register in which an ordinary
+register variable should be allocated.
+
+ * Global register variables reserve registers throughout the program.
+ This may be useful in programs such as programming language
+ interpreters which have a couple of global variables that are
+ accessed very often.
+
+ * Local register variables in specific registers do not reserve the
+ registers, except at the point where they are used as input or
+ output operands in an `asm' statement and the `asm' statement
+ itself is not deleted. The compiler's data flow analysis is
+ capable of determining where the specified registers contain live
+ values, and where they are available for other uses. Stores into
+ local register variables may be deleted when they appear to be
+ dead according to dataflow analysis. References to local register
+ variables may be deleted or moved or simplified.
+
+ These local variables are sometimes convenient for use with the
+ extended `asm' feature (*note Extended Asm::), if you want to
+ write one output of the assembler instruction directly into a
+ particular register. (This will work provided the register you
+ specify fits the constraints specified for that operand in the
+ `asm'.)
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Global Reg Vars::
+* Local Reg Vars::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Global Reg Vars, Next: Local Reg Vars, Up: Explicit Reg Vars
+
+5.40.1 Defining Global Register Variables
+-----------------------------------------
+
+You can define a global register variable in GNU C like this:
+
+ register int *foo asm ("a5");
+
+Here `a5' is the name of the register which should be used. Choose a
+register which is normally saved and restored by function calls on your
+machine, so that library routines will not clobber it.
+
+ Naturally the register name is cpu-dependent, so you would need to
+conditionalize your program according to cpu type. The register `a5'
+would be a good choice on a 68000 for a variable of pointer type. On
+machines with register windows, be sure to choose a "global" register
+that is not affected magically by the function call mechanism.
+
+ In addition, operating systems on one type of cpu may differ in how
+they name the registers; then you would need additional conditionals.
+For example, some 68000 operating systems call this register `%a5'.
+
+ Eventually there may be a way of asking the compiler to choose a
+register automatically, but first we need to figure out how it should
+choose and how to enable you to guide the choice. No solution is
+evident.
+
+ Defining a global register variable in a certain register reserves that
+register entirely for this use, at least within the current compilation.
+The register will not be allocated for any other purpose in the
+functions in the current compilation. The register will not be saved
+and restored by these functions. Stores into this register are never
+deleted even if they would appear to be dead, but references may be
+deleted or moved or simplified.
+
+ It is not safe to access the global register variables from signal
+handlers, or from more than one thread of control, because the system
+library routines may temporarily use the register for other things
+(unless you recompile them specially for the task at hand).
+
+ It is not safe for one function that uses a global register variable to
+call another such function `foo' by way of a third function `lose' that
+was compiled without knowledge of this variable (i.e. in a different
+source file in which the variable wasn't declared). This is because
+`lose' might save the register and put some other value there. For
+example, you can't expect a global register variable to be available in
+the comparison-function that you pass to `qsort', since `qsort' might
+have put something else in that register. (If you are prepared to
+recompile `qsort' with the same global register variable, you can solve
+this problem.)
+
+ If you want to recompile `qsort' or other source files which do not
+actually use your global register variable, so that they will not use
+that register for any other purpose, then it suffices to specify the
+compiler option `-ffixed-REG'. You need not actually add a global
+register declaration to their source code.
+
+ A function which can alter the value of a global register variable
+cannot safely be called from a function compiled without this variable,
+because it could clobber the value the caller expects to find there on
+return. Therefore, the function which is the entry point into the part
+of the program that uses the global register variable must explicitly
+save and restore the value which belongs to its caller.
+
+ On most machines, `longjmp' will restore to each global register
+variable the value it had at the time of the `setjmp'. On some
+machines, however, `longjmp' will not change the value of global
+register variables. To be portable, the function that called `setjmp'
+should make other arrangements to save the values of the global register
+variables, and to restore them in a `longjmp'. This way, the same
+thing will happen regardless of what `longjmp' does.
+
+ All global register variable declarations must precede all function
+definitions. If such a declaration could appear after function
+definitions, the declaration would be too late to prevent the register
+from being used for other purposes in the preceding functions.
+
+ Global register variables may not have initial values, because an
+executable file has no means to supply initial contents for a register.
+
+ On the SPARC, there are reports that g3 ... g7 are suitable registers,
+but certain library functions, such as `getwd', as well as the
+subroutines for division and remainder, modify g3 and g4. g1 and g2
+are local temporaries.
+
+ On the 68000, a2 ... a5 should be suitable, as should d2 ... d7. Of
+course, it will not do to use more than a few of those.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Local Reg Vars, Prev: Global Reg Vars, Up: Explicit Reg Vars
+
+5.40.2 Specifying Registers for Local Variables
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+You can define a local register variable with a specified register like
+this:
+
+ register int *foo asm ("a5");
+
+Here `a5' is the name of the register which should be used. Note that
+this is the same syntax used for defining global register variables,
+but for a local variable it would appear within a function.
+
+ Naturally the register name is cpu-dependent, but this is not a
+problem, since specific registers are most often useful with explicit
+assembler instructions (*note Extended Asm::). Both of these things
+generally require that you conditionalize your program according to cpu
+type.
+
+ In addition, operating systems on one type of cpu may differ in how
+they name the registers; then you would need additional conditionals.
+For example, some 68000 operating systems call this register `%a5'.
+
+ Defining such a register variable does not reserve the register; it
+remains available for other uses in places where flow control determines
+the variable's value is not live.
+
+ This option does not guarantee that GCC will generate code that has
+this variable in the register you specify at all times. You may not
+code an explicit reference to this register in the _assembler
+instruction template_ part of an `asm' statement and assume it will
+always refer to this variable. However, using the variable as an `asm'
+_operand_ guarantees that the specified register is used for the
+operand.
+
+ Stores into local register variables may be deleted when they appear
+to be dead according to dataflow analysis. References to local
+register variables may be deleted or moved or simplified.
+
+ As for global register variables, it's recommended that you choose a
+register which is normally saved and restored by function calls on your
+machine, so that library routines will not clobber it. A common
+pitfall is to initialize multiple call-clobbered registers with
+arbitrary expressions, where a function call or library call for an
+arithmetic operator will overwrite a register value from a previous
+assignment, for example `r0' below:
+ register int *p1 asm ("r0") = ...;
+ register int *p2 asm ("r1") = ...;
+ In those cases, a solution is to use a temporary variable for each
+arbitrary expression. *Note Example of asm with clobbered asm reg::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Alternate Keywords, Next: Incomplete Enums, Prev: Explicit Reg Vars, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.41 Alternate Keywords
+=======================
+
+`-ansi' and the various `-std' options disable certain keywords. This
+causes trouble when you want to use GNU C extensions, or a
+general-purpose header file that should be usable by all programs,
+including ISO C programs. The keywords `asm', `typeof' and `inline'
+are not available in programs compiled with `-ansi' or `-std' (although
+`inline' can be used in a program compiled with `-std=c99'). The ISO
+C99 keyword `restrict' is only available when `-std=gnu99' (which will
+eventually be the default) or `-std=c99' (or the equivalent
+`-std=iso9899:1999') is used.
+
+ The way to solve these problems is to put `__' at the beginning and
+end of each problematical keyword. For example, use `__asm__' instead
+of `asm', and `__inline__' instead of `inline'.
+
+ Other C compilers won't accept these alternative keywords; if you want
+to compile with another compiler, you can define the alternate keywords
+as macros to replace them with the customary keywords. It looks like
+this:
+
+ #ifndef __GNUC__
+ #define __asm__ asm
+ #endif
+
+ `-pedantic' and other options cause warnings for many GNU C extensions.
+You can prevent such warnings within one expression by writing
+`__extension__' before the expression. `__extension__' has no effect
+aside from this.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Incomplete Enums, Next: Function Names, Prev: Alternate Keywords, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.42 Incomplete `enum' Types
+============================
+
+You can define an `enum' tag without specifying its possible values.
+This results in an incomplete type, much like what you get if you write
+`struct foo' without describing the elements. A later declaration
+which does specify the possible values completes the type.
+
+ You can't allocate variables or storage using the type while it is
+incomplete. However, you can work with pointers to that type.
+
+ This extension may not be very useful, but it makes the handling of
+`enum' more consistent with the way `struct' and `union' are handled.
+
+ This extension is not supported by GNU C++.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Function Names, Next: Return Address, Prev: Incomplete Enums, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.43 Function Names as Strings
+==============================
+
+GCC provides three magic variables which hold the name of the current
+function, as a string. The first of these is `__func__', which is part
+of the C99 standard:
+
+ The identifier `__func__' is implicitly declared by the translator as
+if, immediately following the opening brace of each function
+definition, the declaration
+
+ static const char __func__[] = "function-name";
+
+appeared, where function-name is the name of the lexically-enclosing
+function. This name is the unadorned name of the function.
+
+ `__FUNCTION__' is another name for `__func__'. Older versions of GCC
+recognize only this name. However, it is not standardized. For
+maximum portability, we recommend you use `__func__', but provide a
+fallback definition with the preprocessor:
+
+ #if __STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L
+ # if __GNUC__ >= 2
+ # define __func__ __FUNCTION__
+ # else
+ # define __func__ "<unknown>"
+ # endif
+ #endif
+
+ In C, `__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' is yet another name for `__func__'.
+However, in C++, `__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' contains the type signature of
+the function as well as its bare name. For example, this program:
+
+ extern "C" {
+ extern int printf (char *, ...);
+ }
+
+ class a {
+ public:
+ void sub (int i)
+ {
+ printf ("__FUNCTION__ = %s\n", __FUNCTION__);
+ printf ("__PRETTY_FUNCTION__ = %s\n", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
+ }
+ };
+
+ int
+ main (void)
+ {
+ a ax;
+ ax.sub (0);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+gives this output:
+
+ __FUNCTION__ = sub
+ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ = void a::sub(int)
+
+ These identifiers are not preprocessor macros. In GCC 3.3 and
+earlier, in C only, `__FUNCTION__' and `__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' were
+treated as string literals; they could be used to initialize `char'
+arrays, and they could be concatenated with other string literals. GCC
+3.4 and later treat them as variables, like `__func__'. In C++,
+`__FUNCTION__' and `__PRETTY_FUNCTION__' have always been variables.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Return Address, Next: Vector Extensions, Prev: Function Names, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.44 Getting the Return or Frame Address of a Function
+======================================================
+
+These functions may be used to get information about the callers of a
+function.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void * __builtin_return_address (unsigned int
+ LEVEL)
+ This function returns the return address of the current function,
+ or of one of its callers. The LEVEL argument is number of frames
+ to scan up the call stack. A value of `0' yields the return
+ address of the current function, a value of `1' yields the return
+ address of the caller of the current function, and so forth. When
+ inlining the expected behavior is that the function will return
+ the address of the function that will be returned to. To work
+ around this behavior use the `noinline' function attribute.
+
+ The LEVEL argument must be a constant integer.
+
+ On some machines it may be impossible to determine the return
+ address of any function other than the current one; in such cases,
+ or when the top of the stack has been reached, this function will
+ return `0' or a random value. In addition,
+ `__builtin_frame_address' may be used to determine if the top of
+ the stack has been reached.
+
+ This function should only be used with a nonzero argument for
+ debugging purposes.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void * __builtin_frame_address (unsigned int
+ LEVEL)
+ This function is similar to `__builtin_return_address', but it
+ returns the address of the function frame rather than the return
+ address of the function. Calling `__builtin_frame_address' with a
+ value of `0' yields the frame address of the current function, a
+ value of `1' yields the frame address of the caller of the current
+ function, and so forth.
+
+ The frame is the area on the stack which holds local variables and
+ saved registers. The frame address is normally the address of the
+ first word pushed on to the stack by the function. However, the
+ exact definition depends upon the processor and the calling
+ convention. If the processor has a dedicated frame pointer
+ register, and the function has a frame, then
+ `__builtin_frame_address' will return the value of the frame
+ pointer register.
+
+ On some machines it may be impossible to determine the frame
+ address of any function other than the current one; in such cases,
+ or when the top of the stack has been reached, this function will
+ return `0' if the first frame pointer is properly initialized by
+ the startup code.
+
+ This function should only be used with a nonzero argument for
+ debugging purposes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Vector Extensions, Next: Offsetof, Prev: Return Address, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.45 Using vector instructions through built-in functions
+=========================================================
+
+On some targets, the instruction set contains SIMD vector instructions
+that operate on multiple values contained in one large register at the
+same time. For example, on the i386 the MMX, 3Dnow! and SSE extensions
+can be used this way.
+
+ The first step in using these extensions is to provide the necessary
+data types. This should be done using an appropriate `typedef':
+
+ typedef int v4si __attribute__ ((vector_size (16)));
+
+ The `int' type specifies the base type, while the attribute specifies
+the vector size for the variable, measured in bytes. For example, the
+declaration above causes the compiler to set the mode for the `v4si'
+type to be 16 bytes wide and divided into `int' sized units. For a
+32-bit `int' this means a vector of 4 units of 4 bytes, and the
+corresponding mode of `foo' will be V4SI.
+
+ The `vector_size' attribute is only applicable to integral and float
+scalars, although arrays, pointers, and function return values are
+allowed in conjunction with this construct.
+
+ All the basic integer types can be used as base types, both as signed
+and as unsigned: `char', `short', `int', `long', `long long'. In
+addition, `float' and `double' can be used to build floating-point
+vector types.
+
+ Specifying a combination that is not valid for the current architecture
+will cause GCC to synthesize the instructions using a narrower mode.
+For example, if you specify a variable of type `V4SI' and your
+architecture does not allow for this specific SIMD type, GCC will
+produce code that uses 4 `SIs'.
+
+ The types defined in this manner can be used with a subset of normal C
+operations. Currently, GCC will allow using the following operators on
+these types: `+, -, *, /, unary minus, ^, |, &, ~'.
+
+ The operations behave like C++ `valarrays'. Addition is defined as
+the addition of the corresponding elements of the operands. For
+example, in the code below, each of the 4 elements in A will be added
+to the corresponding 4 elements in B and the resulting vector will be
+stored in C.
+
+ typedef int v4si __attribute__ ((vector_size (16)));
+
+ v4si a, b, c;
+
+ c = a + b;
+
+ Subtraction, multiplication, division, and the logical operations
+operate in a similar manner. Likewise, the result of using the unary
+minus or complement operators on a vector type is a vector whose
+elements are the negative or complemented values of the corresponding
+elements in the operand.
+
+ You can declare variables and use them in function calls and returns,
+as well as in assignments and some casts. You can specify a vector
+type as a return type for a function. Vector types can also be used as
+function arguments. It is possible to cast from one vector type to
+another, provided they are of the same size (in fact, you can also cast
+vectors to and from other datatypes of the same size).
+
+ You cannot operate between vectors of different lengths or different
+signedness without a cast.
+
+ A port that supports hardware vector operations, usually provides a set
+of built-in functions that can be used to operate on vectors. For
+example, a function to add two vectors and multiply the result by a
+third could look like this:
+
+ v4si f (v4si a, v4si b, v4si c)
+ {
+ v4si tmp = __builtin_addv4si (a, b);
+ return __builtin_mulv4si (tmp, c);
+ }
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Offsetof, Next: Atomic Builtins, Prev: Vector Extensions, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.46 Offsetof
+=============
+
+GCC implements for both C and C++ a syntactic extension to implement
+the `offsetof' macro.
+
+ primary:
+ "__builtin_offsetof" "(" `typename' "," offsetof_member_designator ")"
+
+ offsetof_member_designator:
+ `identifier'
+ | offsetof_member_designator "." `identifier'
+ | offsetof_member_designator "[" `expr' "]"
+
+ This extension is sufficient such that
+
+ #define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) __builtin_offsetof (TYPE, MEMBER)
+
+ is a suitable definition of the `offsetof' macro. In C++, TYPE may be
+dependent. In either case, MEMBER may consist of a single identifier,
+or a sequence of member accesses and array references.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Atomic Builtins, Next: Object Size Checking, Prev: Offsetof, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.47 Built-in functions for atomic memory access
+================================================
+
+The following builtins are intended to be compatible with those
+described in the `Intel Itanium Processor-specific Application Binary
+Interface', section 7.4. As such, they depart from the normal GCC
+practice of using the "__builtin_" prefix, and further that they are
+overloaded such that they work on multiple types.
+
+ The definition given in the Intel documentation allows only for the
+use of the types `int', `long', `long long' as well as their unsigned
+counterparts. GCC will allow any integral scalar or pointer type that
+is 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes in length.
+
+ Not all operations are supported by all target processors. If a
+particular operation cannot be implemented on the target processor, a
+warning will be generated and a call an external function will be
+generated. The external function will carry the same name as the
+builtin, with an additional suffix `_N' where N is the size of the data
+type.
+
+ In most cases, these builtins are considered a "full barrier". That
+is, no memory operand will be moved across the operation, either
+forward or backward. Further, instructions will be issued as necessary
+to prevent the processor from speculating loads across the operation
+and from queuing stores after the operation.
+
+ All of the routines are described in the Intel documentation to take
+"an optional list of variables protected by the memory barrier". It's
+not clear what is meant by that; it could mean that _only_ the
+following variables are protected, or it could mean that these variables
+should in addition be protected. At present GCC ignores this list and
+protects all variables which are globally accessible. If in the future
+we make some use of this list, an empty list will continue to mean all
+globally accessible variables.
+
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_add (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_sub (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_or (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_and (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_xor (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_fetch_and_nand (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+ These builtins perform the operation suggested by the name, and
+ returns the value that had previously been in memory. That is,
+
+ { tmp = *ptr; *ptr OP= value; return tmp; }
+ { tmp = *ptr; *ptr = ~(tmp & value); return tmp; } // nand
+
+ _Note:_ GCC 4.4 and later implement `__sync_fetch_and_nand'
+ builtin as `*ptr = ~(tmp & value)' instead of `*ptr = ~tmp &
+ value'.
+
+`TYPE __sync_add_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_sub_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_or_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_and_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_xor_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_nand_and_fetch (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+ These builtins perform the operation suggested by the name, and
+ return the new value. That is,
+
+ { *ptr OP= value; return *ptr; }
+ { *ptr = ~(*ptr & value); return *ptr; } // nand
+
+ _Note:_ GCC 4.4 and later implement `__sync_nand_and_fetch'
+ builtin as `*ptr = ~(*ptr & value)' instead of `*ptr = ~*ptr &
+ value'.
+
+`bool __sync_bool_compare_and_swap (TYPE *ptr, TYPE oldval TYPE newval, ...)'
+`TYPE __sync_val_compare_and_swap (TYPE *ptr, TYPE oldval TYPE newval, ...)'
+ These builtins perform an atomic compare and swap. That is, if
+ the current value of `*PTR' is OLDVAL, then write NEWVAL into
+ `*PTR'.
+
+ The "bool" version returns true if the comparison is successful and
+ NEWVAL was written. The "val" version returns the contents of
+ `*PTR' before the operation.
+
+`__sync_synchronize (...)'
+ This builtin issues a full memory barrier.
+
+`TYPE __sync_lock_test_and_set (TYPE *ptr, TYPE value, ...)'
+ This builtin, as described by Intel, is not a traditional
+ test-and-set operation, but rather an atomic exchange operation.
+ It writes VALUE into `*PTR', and returns the previous contents of
+ `*PTR'.
+
+ Many targets have only minimal support for such locks, and do not
+ support a full exchange operation. In this case, a target may
+ support reduced functionality here by which the _only_ valid value
+ to store is the immediate constant 1. The exact value actually
+ stored in `*PTR' is implementation defined.
+
+ This builtin is not a full barrier, but rather an "acquire
+ barrier". This means that references after the builtin cannot
+ move to (or be speculated to) before the builtin, but previous
+ memory stores may not be globally visible yet, and previous memory
+ loads may not yet be satisfied.
+
+`void __sync_lock_release (TYPE *ptr, ...)'
+ This builtin releases the lock acquired by
+ `__sync_lock_test_and_set'. Normally this means writing the
+ constant 0 to `*PTR'.
+
+ This builtin is not a full barrier, but rather a "release barrier".
+ This means that all previous memory stores are globally visible,
+ and all previous memory loads have been satisfied, but following
+ memory reads are not prevented from being speculated to before the
+ barrier.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Object Size Checking, Next: Other Builtins, Prev: Atomic Builtins, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.48 Object Size Checking Builtins
+==================================
+
+GCC implements a limited buffer overflow protection mechanism that can
+prevent some buffer overflow attacks.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: size_t __builtin_object_size (void * PTR, int
+ TYPE)
+ is a built-in construct that returns a constant number of bytes
+ from PTR to the end of the object PTR pointer points to (if known
+ at compile time). `__builtin_object_size' never evaluates its
+ arguments for side-effects. If there are any side-effects in
+ them, it returns `(size_t) -1' for TYPE 0 or 1 and `(size_t) 0'
+ for TYPE 2 or 3. If there are multiple objects PTR can point to
+ and all of them are known at compile time, the returned number is
+ the maximum of remaining byte counts in those objects if TYPE & 2
+ is 0 and minimum if nonzero. If it is not possible to determine
+ which objects PTR points to at compile time,
+ `__builtin_object_size' should return `(size_t) -1' for TYPE 0 or
+ 1 and `(size_t) 0' for TYPE 2 or 3.
+
+ TYPE is an integer constant from 0 to 3. If the least significant
+ bit is clear, objects are whole variables, if it is set, a closest
+ surrounding subobject is considered the object a pointer points to.
+ The second bit determines if maximum or minimum of remaining bytes
+ is computed.
+
+ struct V { char buf1[10]; int b; char buf2[10]; } var;
+ char *p = &var.buf1[1], *q = &var.b;
+
+ /* Here the object p points to is var. */
+ assert (__builtin_object_size (p, 0) == sizeof (var) - 1);
+ /* The subobject p points to is var.buf1. */
+ assert (__builtin_object_size (p, 1) == sizeof (var.buf1) - 1);
+ /* The object q points to is var. */
+ assert (__builtin_object_size (q, 0)
+ == (char *) (&var + 1) - (char *) &var.b);
+ /* The subobject q points to is var.b. */
+ assert (__builtin_object_size (q, 1) == sizeof (var.b));
+
+ There are built-in functions added for many common string operation
+functions, e.g., for `memcpy' `__builtin___memcpy_chk' built-in is
+provided. This built-in has an additional last argument, which is the
+number of bytes remaining in object the DEST argument points to or
+`(size_t) -1' if the size is not known.
+
+ The built-in functions are optimized into the normal string functions
+like `memcpy' if the last argument is `(size_t) -1' or if it is known
+at compile time that the destination object will not be overflown. If
+the compiler can determine at compile time the object will be always
+overflown, it issues a warning.
+
+ The intended use can be e.g.
+
+ #undef memcpy
+ #define bos0(dest) __builtin_object_size (dest, 0)
+ #define memcpy(dest, src, n) \
+ __builtin___memcpy_chk (dest, src, n, bos0 (dest))
+
+ char *volatile p;
+ char buf[10];
+ /* It is unknown what object p points to, so this is optimized
+ into plain memcpy - no checking is possible. */
+ memcpy (p, "abcde", n);
+ /* Destination is known and length too. It is known at compile
+ time there will be no overflow. */
+ memcpy (&buf[5], "abcde", 5);
+ /* Destination is known, but the length is not known at compile time.
+ This will result in __memcpy_chk call that can check for overflow
+ at runtime. */
+ memcpy (&buf[5], "abcde", n);
+ /* Destination is known and it is known at compile time there will
+ be overflow. There will be a warning and __memcpy_chk call that
+ will abort the program at runtime. */
+ memcpy (&buf[6], "abcde", 5);
+
+ Such built-in functions are provided for `memcpy', `mempcpy',
+`memmove', `memset', `strcpy', `stpcpy', `strncpy', `strcat' and
+`strncat'.
+
+ There are also checking built-in functions for formatted output
+functions.
+ int __builtin___sprintf_chk (char *s, int flag, size_t os, const char *fmt, ...);
+ int __builtin___snprintf_chk (char *s, size_t maxlen, int flag, size_t os,
+ const char *fmt, ...);
+ int __builtin___vsprintf_chk (char *s, int flag, size_t os, const char *fmt,
+ va_list ap);
+ int __builtin___vsnprintf_chk (char *s, size_t maxlen, int flag, size_t os,
+ const char *fmt, va_list ap);
+
+ The added FLAG argument is passed unchanged to `__sprintf_chk' etc.
+functions and can contain implementation specific flags on what
+additional security measures the checking function might take, such as
+handling `%n' differently.
+
+ The OS argument is the object size S points to, like in the other
+built-in functions. There is a small difference in the behavior
+though, if OS is `(size_t) -1', the built-in functions are optimized
+into the non-checking functions only if FLAG is 0, otherwise the
+checking function is called with OS argument set to `(size_t) -1'.
+
+ In addition to this, there are checking built-in functions
+`__builtin___printf_chk', `__builtin___vprintf_chk',
+`__builtin___fprintf_chk' and `__builtin___vfprintf_chk'. These have
+just one additional argument, FLAG, right before format string FMT. If
+the compiler is able to optimize them to `fputc' etc. functions, it
+will, otherwise the checking function should be called and the FLAG
+argument passed to it.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Other Builtins, Next: Target Builtins, Prev: Object Size Checking, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.49 Other built-in functions provided by GCC
+=============================================
+
+GCC provides a large number of built-in functions other than the ones
+mentioned above. Some of these are for internal use in the processing
+of exceptions or variable-length argument lists and will not be
+documented here because they may change from time to time; we do not
+recommend general use of these functions.
+
+ The remaining functions are provided for optimization purposes.
+
+ GCC includes built-in versions of many of the functions in the standard
+C library. The versions prefixed with `__builtin_' will always be
+treated as having the same meaning as the C library function even if you
+specify the `-fno-builtin' option. (*note C Dialect Options::) Many of
+these functions are only optimized in certain cases; if they are not
+optimized in a particular case, a call to the library function will be
+emitted.
+
+ Outside strict ISO C mode (`-ansi', `-std=c89' or `-std=c99'), the
+functions `_exit', `alloca', `bcmp', `bzero', `dcgettext', `dgettext',
+`dremf', `dreml', `drem', `exp10f', `exp10l', `exp10', `ffsll', `ffsl',
+`ffs', `fprintf_unlocked', `fputs_unlocked', `gammaf', `gammal',
+`gamma', `gammaf_r', `gammal_r', `gamma_r', `gettext', `index',
+`isascii', `j0f', `j0l', `j0', `j1f', `j1l', `j1', `jnf', `jnl', `jn',
+`lgammaf_r', `lgammal_r', `lgamma_r', `mempcpy', `pow10f', `pow10l',
+`pow10', `printf_unlocked', `rindex', `scalbf', `scalbl', `scalb',
+`signbit', `signbitf', `signbitl', `signbitd32', `signbitd64',
+`signbitd128', `significandf', `significandl', `significand', `sincosf',
+`sincosl', `sincos', `stpcpy', `stpncpy', `strcasecmp', `strdup',
+`strfmon', `strncasecmp', `strndup', `toascii', `y0f', `y0l', `y0',
+`y1f', `y1l', `y1', `ynf', `ynl' and `yn' may be handled as built-in
+functions. All these functions have corresponding versions prefixed
+with `__builtin_', which may be used even in strict C89 mode.
+
+ The ISO C99 functions `_Exit', `acoshf', `acoshl', `acosh', `asinhf',
+`asinhl', `asinh', `atanhf', `atanhl', `atanh', `cabsf', `cabsl',
+`cabs', `cacosf', `cacoshf', `cacoshl', `cacosh', `cacosl', `cacos',
+`cargf', `cargl', `carg', `casinf', `casinhf', `casinhl', `casinh',
+`casinl', `casin', `catanf', `catanhf', `catanhl', `catanh', `catanl',
+`catan', `cbrtf', `cbrtl', `cbrt', `ccosf', `ccoshf', `ccoshl',
+`ccosh', `ccosl', `ccos', `cexpf', `cexpl', `cexp', `cimagf', `cimagl',
+`cimag', `clogf', `clogl', `clog', `conjf', `conjl', `conj',
+`copysignf', `copysignl', `copysign', `cpowf', `cpowl', `cpow',
+`cprojf', `cprojl', `cproj', `crealf', `creall', `creal', `csinf',
+`csinhf', `csinhl', `csinh', `csinl', `csin', `csqrtf', `csqrtl',
+`csqrt', `ctanf', `ctanhf', `ctanhl', `ctanh', `ctanl', `ctan',
+`erfcf', `erfcl', `erfc', `erff', `erfl', `erf', `exp2f', `exp2l',
+`exp2', `expm1f', `expm1l', `expm1', `fdimf', `fdiml', `fdim', `fmaf',
+`fmal', `fmaxf', `fmaxl', `fmax', `fma', `fminf', `fminl', `fmin',
+`hypotf', `hypotl', `hypot', `ilogbf', `ilogbl', `ilogb', `imaxabs',
+`isblank', `iswblank', `lgammaf', `lgammal', `lgamma', `llabs',
+`llrintf', `llrintl', `llrint', `llroundf', `llroundl', `llround',
+`log1pf', `log1pl', `log1p', `log2f', `log2l', `log2', `logbf',
+`logbl', `logb', `lrintf', `lrintl', `lrint', `lroundf', `lroundl',
+`lround', `nearbyintf', `nearbyintl', `nearbyint', `nextafterf',
+`nextafterl', `nextafter', `nexttowardf', `nexttowardl', `nexttoward',
+`remainderf', `remainderl', `remainder', `remquof', `remquol',
+`remquo', `rintf', `rintl', `rint', `roundf', `roundl', `round',
+`scalblnf', `scalblnl', `scalbln', `scalbnf', `scalbnl', `scalbn',
+`snprintf', `tgammaf', `tgammal', `tgamma', `truncf', `truncl', `trunc',
+`vfscanf', `vscanf', `vsnprintf' and `vsscanf' are handled as built-in
+functions except in strict ISO C90 mode (`-ansi' or `-std=c89').
+
+ There are also built-in versions of the ISO C99 functions `acosf',
+`acosl', `asinf', `asinl', `atan2f', `atan2l', `atanf', `atanl',
+`ceilf', `ceill', `cosf', `coshf', `coshl', `cosl', `expf', `expl',
+`fabsf', `fabsl', `floorf', `floorl', `fmodf', `fmodl', `frexpf',
+`frexpl', `ldexpf', `ldexpl', `log10f', `log10l', `logf', `logl',
+`modfl', `modf', `powf', `powl', `sinf', `sinhf', `sinhl', `sinl',
+`sqrtf', `sqrtl', `tanf', `tanhf', `tanhl' and `tanl' that are
+recognized in any mode since ISO C90 reserves these names for the
+purpose to which ISO C99 puts them. All these functions have
+corresponding versions prefixed with `__builtin_'.
+
+ The ISO C94 functions `iswalnum', `iswalpha', `iswcntrl', `iswdigit',
+`iswgraph', `iswlower', `iswprint', `iswpunct', `iswspace', `iswupper',
+`iswxdigit', `towlower' and `towupper' are handled as built-in functions
+except in strict ISO C90 mode (`-ansi' or `-std=c89').
+
+ The ISO C90 functions `abort', `abs', `acos', `asin', `atan2', `atan',
+`calloc', `ceil', `cosh', `cos', `exit', `exp', `fabs', `floor', `fmod',
+`fprintf', `fputs', `frexp', `fscanf', `isalnum', `isalpha', `iscntrl',
+`isdigit', `isgraph', `islower', `isprint', `ispunct', `isspace',
+`isupper', `isxdigit', `tolower', `toupper', `labs', `ldexp', `log10',
+`log', `malloc', `memchr', `memcmp', `memcpy', `memset', `modf', `pow',
+`printf', `putchar', `puts', `scanf', `sinh', `sin', `snprintf',
+`sprintf', `sqrt', `sscanf', `strcat', `strchr', `strcmp', `strcpy',
+`strcspn', `strlen', `strncat', `strncmp', `strncpy', `strpbrk',
+`strrchr', `strspn', `strstr', `tanh', `tan', `vfprintf', `vprintf' and
+`vsprintf' are all recognized as built-in functions unless
+`-fno-builtin' is specified (or `-fno-builtin-FUNCTION' is specified
+for an individual function). All of these functions have corresponding
+versions prefixed with `__builtin_'.
+
+ GCC provides built-in versions of the ISO C99 floating point comparison
+macros that avoid raising exceptions for unordered operands. They have
+the same names as the standard macros ( `isgreater', `isgreaterequal',
+`isless', `islessequal', `islessgreater', and `isunordered') , with
+`__builtin_' prefixed. We intend for a library implementor to be able
+to simply `#define' each standard macro to its built-in equivalent. In
+the same fashion, GCC provides `fpclassify', `isfinite', `isinf_sign'
+and `isnormal' built-ins used with `__builtin_' prefixed. The `isinf'
+and `isnan' builtins appear both with and without the `__builtin_'
+prefix.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_types_compatible_p (TYPE1, TYPE2)
+ You can use the built-in function `__builtin_types_compatible_p' to
+ determine whether two types are the same.
+
+ This built-in function returns 1 if the unqualified versions of the
+ types TYPE1 and TYPE2 (which are types, not expressions) are
+ compatible, 0 otherwise. The result of this built-in function can
+ be used in integer constant expressions.
+
+ This built-in function ignores top level qualifiers (e.g., `const',
+ `volatile'). For example, `int' is equivalent to `const int'.
+
+ The type `int[]' and `int[5]' are compatible. On the other hand,
+ `int' and `char *' are not compatible, even if the size of their
+ types, on the particular architecture are the same. Also, the
+ amount of pointer indirection is taken into account when
+ determining similarity. Consequently, `short *' is not similar to
+ `short **'. Furthermore, two types that are typedefed are
+ considered compatible if their underlying types are compatible.
+
+ An `enum' type is not considered to be compatible with another
+ `enum' type even if both are compatible with the same integer
+ type; this is what the C standard specifies. For example, `enum
+ {foo, bar}' is not similar to `enum {hot, dog}'.
+
+ You would typically use this function in code whose execution
+ varies depending on the arguments' types. For example:
+
+ #define foo(x) \
+ ({ \
+ typeof (x) tmp = (x); \
+ if (__builtin_types_compatible_p (typeof (x), long double)) \
+ tmp = foo_long_double (tmp); \
+ else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p (typeof (x), double)) \
+ tmp = foo_double (tmp); \
+ else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p (typeof (x), float)) \
+ tmp = foo_float (tmp); \
+ else \
+ abort (); \
+ tmp; \
+ })
+
+ _Note:_ This construct is only available for C.
+
+
+ -- Built-in Function: TYPE __builtin_choose_expr (CONST_EXP, EXP1,
+ EXP2)
+ You can use the built-in function `__builtin_choose_expr' to
+ evaluate code depending on the value of a constant expression.
+ This built-in function returns EXP1 if CONST_EXP, which is a
+ constant expression that must be able to be determined at compile
+ time, is nonzero. Otherwise it returns 0.
+
+ This built-in function is analogous to the `? :' operator in C,
+ except that the expression returned has its type unaltered by
+ promotion rules. Also, the built-in function does not evaluate
+ the expression that was not chosen. For example, if CONST_EXP
+ evaluates to true, EXP2 is not evaluated even if it has
+ side-effects.
+
+ This built-in function can return an lvalue if the chosen argument
+ is an lvalue.
+
+ If EXP1 is returned, the return type is the same as EXP1's type.
+ Similarly, if EXP2 is returned, its return type is the same as
+ EXP2.
+
+ Example:
+
+ #define foo(x) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr ( \
+ __builtin_types_compatible_p (typeof (x), double), \
+ foo_double (x), \
+ __builtin_choose_expr ( \
+ __builtin_types_compatible_p (typeof (x), float), \
+ foo_float (x), \
+ /* The void expression results in a compile-time error \
+ when assigning the result to something. */ \
+ (void)0))
+
+ _Note:_ This construct is only available for C. Furthermore, the
+ unused expression (EXP1 or EXP2 depending on the value of
+ CONST_EXP) may still generate syntax errors. This may change in
+ future revisions.
+
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_constant_p (EXP)
+ You can use the built-in function `__builtin_constant_p' to
+ determine if a value is known to be constant at compile-time and
+ hence that GCC can perform constant-folding on expressions
+ involving that value. The argument of the function is the value
+ to test. The function returns the integer 1 if the argument is
+ known to be a compile-time constant and 0 if it is not known to be
+ a compile-time constant. A return of 0 does not indicate that the
+ value is _not_ a constant, but merely that GCC cannot prove it is
+ a constant with the specified value of the `-O' option.
+
+ You would typically use this function in an embedded application
+ where memory was a critical resource. If you have some complex
+ calculation, you may want it to be folded if it involves
+ constants, but need to call a function if it does not. For
+ example:
+
+ #define Scale_Value(X) \
+ (__builtin_constant_p (X) \
+ ? ((X) * SCALE + OFFSET) : Scale (X))
+
+ You may use this built-in function in either a macro or an inline
+ function. However, if you use it in an inlined function and pass
+ an argument of the function as the argument to the built-in, GCC
+ will never return 1 when you call the inline function with a
+ string constant or compound literal (*note Compound Literals::)
+ and will not return 1 when you pass a constant numeric value to
+ the inline function unless you specify the `-O' option.
+
+ You may also use `__builtin_constant_p' in initializers for static
+ data. For instance, you can write
+
+ static const int table[] = {
+ __builtin_constant_p (EXPRESSION) ? (EXPRESSION) : -1,
+ /* ... */
+ };
+
+ This is an acceptable initializer even if EXPRESSION is not a
+ constant expression. GCC must be more conservative about
+ evaluating the built-in in this case, because it has no
+ opportunity to perform optimization.
+
+ Previous versions of GCC did not accept this built-in in data
+ initializers. The earliest version where it is completely safe is
+ 3.0.1.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long __builtin_expect (long EXP, long C)
+ You may use `__builtin_expect' to provide the compiler with branch
+ prediction information. In general, you should prefer to use
+ actual profile feedback for this (`-fprofile-arcs'), as
+ programmers are notoriously bad at predicting how their programs
+ actually perform. However, there are applications in which this
+ data is hard to collect.
+
+ The return value is the value of EXP, which should be an integral
+ expression. The semantics of the built-in are that it is expected
+ that EXP == C. For example:
+
+ if (__builtin_expect (x, 0))
+ foo ();
+
+ would indicate that we do not expect to call `foo', since we
+ expect `x' to be zero. Since you are limited to integral
+ expressions for EXP, you should use constructions such as
+
+ if (__builtin_expect (ptr != NULL, 1))
+ error ();
+
+ when testing pointer or floating-point values.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void __builtin_trap (void)
+ This function causes the program to exit abnormally. GCC
+ implements this function by using a target-dependent mechanism
+ (such as intentionally executing an illegal instruction) or by
+ calling `abort'. The mechanism used may vary from release to
+ release so you should not rely on any particular implementation.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void __builtin___clear_cache (char *BEGIN, char
+ *END)
+ This function is used to flush the processor's instruction cache
+ for the region of memory between BEGIN inclusive and END
+ exclusive. Some targets require that the instruction cache be
+ flushed, after modifying memory containing code, in order to obtain
+ deterministic behavior.
+
+ If the target does not require instruction cache flushes,
+ `__builtin___clear_cache' has no effect. Otherwise either
+ instructions are emitted in-line to clear the instruction cache or
+ a call to the `__clear_cache' function in libgcc is made.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: void __builtin_prefetch (const void *ADDR, ...)
+ This function is used to minimize cache-miss latency by moving
+ data into a cache before it is accessed. You can insert calls to
+ `__builtin_prefetch' into code for which you know addresses of
+ data in memory that is likely to be accessed soon. If the target
+ supports them, data prefetch instructions will be generated. If
+ the prefetch is done early enough before the access then the data
+ will be in the cache by the time it is accessed.
+
+ The value of ADDR is the address of the memory to prefetch. There
+ are two optional arguments, RW and LOCALITY. The value of RW is a
+ compile-time constant one or zero; one means that the prefetch is
+ preparing for a write to the memory address and zero, the default,
+ means that the prefetch is preparing for a read. The value
+ LOCALITY must be a compile-time constant integer between zero and
+ three. A value of zero means that the data has no temporal
+ locality, so it need not be left in the cache after the access. A
+ value of three means that the data has a high degree of temporal
+ locality and should be left in all levels of cache possible.
+ Values of one and two mean, respectively, a low or moderate degree
+ of temporal locality. The default is three.
+
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ {
+ a[i] = a[i] + b[i];
+ __builtin_prefetch (&a[i+j], 1, 1);
+ __builtin_prefetch (&b[i+j], 0, 1);
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+ Data prefetch does not generate faults if ADDR is invalid, but the
+ address expression itself must be valid. For example, a prefetch
+ of `p->next' will not fault if `p->next' is not a valid address,
+ but evaluation will fault if `p' is not a valid address.
+
+ If the target does not support data prefetch, the address
+ expression is evaluated if it includes side effects but no other
+ code is generated and GCC does not issue a warning.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: double __builtin_huge_val (void)
+ Returns a positive infinity, if supported by the floating-point
+ format, else `DBL_MAX'. This function is suitable for
+ implementing the ISO C macro `HUGE_VAL'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: float __builtin_huge_valf (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_huge_val', except the return type is `float'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long double __builtin_huge_vall (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_huge_val', except the return type is `long
+ double'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_fpclassify (int, int, int, int,
+ int, ...)
+ This built-in implements the C99 fpclassify functionality. The
+ first five int arguments should be the target library's notion of
+ the possible FP classes and are used for return values. They must
+ be constant values and they must appear in this order: `FP_NAN',
+ `FP_INFINITE', `FP_NORMAL', `FP_SUBNORMAL' and `FP_ZERO'. The
+ ellipsis is for exactly one floating point value to classify. GCC
+ treats the last argument as type-generic, which means it does not
+ do default promotion from float to double.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: double __builtin_inf (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_huge_val', except a warning is generated if
+ the target floating-point format does not support infinities.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal32 __builtin_infd32 (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is `_Decimal32'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal64 __builtin_infd64 (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is `_Decimal64'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal128 __builtin_infd128 (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is
+ `_Decimal128'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: float __builtin_inff (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is `float'.
+ This function is suitable for implementing the ISO C99 macro
+ `INFINITY'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long double __builtin_infl (void)
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is `long
+ double'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_isinf_sign (...)
+ Similar to `isinf', except the return value will be negative for
+ an argument of `-Inf'. Note while the parameter list is an
+ ellipsis, this function only accepts exactly one floating point
+ argument. GCC treats this parameter as type-generic, which means
+ it does not do default promotion from float to double.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: double __builtin_nan (const char *str)
+ This is an implementation of the ISO C99 function `nan'.
+
+ Since ISO C99 defines this function in terms of `strtod', which we
+ do not implement, a description of the parsing is in order. The
+ string is parsed as by `strtol'; that is, the base is recognized by
+ leading `0' or `0x' prefixes. The number parsed is placed in the
+ significand such that the least significant bit of the number is
+ at the least significant bit of the significand. The number is
+ truncated to fit the significand field provided. The significand
+ is forced to be a quiet NaN.
+
+ This function, if given a string literal all of which would have
+ been consumed by strtol, is evaluated early enough that it is
+ considered a compile-time constant.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal32 __builtin_nand32 (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the return type is `_Decimal32'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal64 __builtin_nand64 (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the return type is `_Decimal64'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: _Decimal128 __builtin_nand128 (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the return type is
+ `_Decimal128'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: float __builtin_nanf (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the return type is `float'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long double __builtin_nanl (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the return type is `long
+ double'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: double __builtin_nans (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nan', except the significand is forced to be
+ a signaling NaN. The `nans' function is proposed by WG14 N965.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: float __builtin_nansf (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nans', except the return type is `float'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long double __builtin_nansl (const char *str)
+ Similar to `__builtin_nans', except the return type is `long
+ double'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ffs (unsigned int x)
+ Returns one plus the index of the least significant 1-bit of X, or
+ if X is zero, returns zero.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_clz (unsigned int x)
+ Returns the number of leading 0-bits in X, starting at the most
+ significant bit position. If X is 0, the result is undefined.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ctz (unsigned int x)
+ Returns the number of trailing 0-bits in X, starting at the least
+ significant bit position. If X is 0, the result is undefined.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_popcount (unsigned int x)
+ Returns the number of 1-bits in X.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_parity (unsigned int x)
+ Returns the parity of X, i.e. the number of 1-bits in X modulo 2.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ffsl (unsigned long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_ffs', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_clzl (unsigned long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_clz', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ctzl (unsigned long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_ctz', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_popcountl (unsigned long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_popcount', except the argument type is
+ `unsigned long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_parityl (unsigned long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_parity', except the argument type is
+ `unsigned long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ffsll (unsigned long long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_ffs', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_clzll (unsigned long long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_clz', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_ctzll (unsigned long long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_ctz', except the argument type is `unsigned
+ long long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_popcountll (unsigned long long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_popcount', except the argument type is
+ `unsigned long long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int __builtin_parityll (unsigned long long)
+ Similar to `__builtin_parity', except the argument type is
+ `unsigned long long'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: double __builtin_powi (double, int)
+ Returns the first argument raised to the power of the second.
+ Unlike the `pow' function no guarantees about precision and
+ rounding are made.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: float __builtin_powif (float, int)
+ Similar to `__builtin_powi', except the argument and return types
+ are `float'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: long double __builtin_powil (long double, int)
+ Similar to `__builtin_powi', except the argument and return types
+ are `long double'.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int32_t __builtin_bswap32 (int32_t x)
+ Returns X with the order of the bytes reversed; for example,
+ `0xaabbccdd' becomes `0xddccbbaa'. Byte here always means exactly
+ 8 bits.
+
+ -- Built-in Function: int64_t __builtin_bswap64 (int64_t x)
+ Similar to `__builtin_bswap32', except the argument and return
+ types are 64-bit.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Target Builtins, Next: Target Format Checks, Prev: Other Builtins, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.50 Built-in Functions Specific to Particular Target Machines
+==============================================================
+
+On some target machines, GCC supports many built-in functions specific
+to those machines. Generally these generate calls to specific machine
+instructions, but allow the compiler to schedule those calls.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Alpha Built-in Functions::
+* ARM iWMMXt Built-in Functions::
+* ARM NEON Intrinsics::
+* Blackfin Built-in Functions::
+* FR-V Built-in Functions::
+* X86 Built-in Functions::
+* MIPS DSP Built-in Functions::
+* MIPS Paired-Single Support::
+* MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions::
+* Other MIPS Built-in Functions::
+* picoChip Built-in Functions::
+* PowerPC AltiVec Built-in Functions::
+* SPARC VIS Built-in Functions::
+* SPU Built-in Functions::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Alpha Built-in Functions, Next: ARM iWMMXt Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.1 Alpha Built-in Functions
+-------------------------------
+
+These built-in functions are available for the Alpha family of
+processors, depending on the command-line switches used.
+
+ The following built-in functions are always available. They all
+generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ long __builtin_alpha_implver (void)
+ long __builtin_alpha_rpcc (void)
+ long __builtin_alpha_amask (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_cmpbge (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extbl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extwl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extll (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extql (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extwh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extlh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_extqh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_insbl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_inswl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_insll (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_insql (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_inswh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_inslh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_insqh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskbl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskwl (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskll (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskql (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskwh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_msklh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_mskqh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_umulh (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_zap (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_zapnot (long, long)
+
+ The following built-in functions are always with `-mmax' or
+`-mcpu=CPU' where CPU is `pca56' or later. They all generate the
+machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ long __builtin_alpha_pklb (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_pkwb (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_unpkbl (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_unpkbw (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_minub8 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_minsb8 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_minuw4 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_minsw4 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_maxub8 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_maxsb8 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_maxuw4 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_maxsw4 (long, long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_perr (long, long)
+
+ The following built-in functions are always with `-mcix' or
+`-mcpu=CPU' where CPU is `ev67' or later. They all generate the
+machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ long __builtin_alpha_cttz (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_ctlz (long)
+ long __builtin_alpha_ctpop (long)
+
+ The following builtins are available on systems that use the OSF/1
+PALcode. Normally they invoke the `rduniq' and `wruniq' PAL calls, but
+when invoked with `-mtls-kernel', they invoke `rdval' and `wrval'.
+
+ void *__builtin_thread_pointer (void)
+ void __builtin_set_thread_pointer (void *)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: ARM iWMMXt Built-in Functions, Next: ARM NEON Intrinsics, Prev: Alpha Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.2 ARM iWMMXt Built-in Functions
+------------------------------------
+
+These built-in functions are available for the ARM family of processors
+when the `-mcpu=iwmmxt' switch is used:
+
+ typedef int v2si __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+ typedef short v4hi __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+ typedef char v8qi __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+
+ int __builtin_arm_getwcx (int)
+ void __builtin_arm_setwcx (int, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmsb (v8qi, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmsh (v4hi, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmsw (v2si, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmub (v8qi, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmuh (v4hi, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_textrmuw (v2si, int)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_tinsrb (v8qi, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_tinsrh (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_tinsrw (v2si, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmia (long long, int, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmiabb (long long, int, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmiabt (long long, int, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmiaph (long long, int, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmiatb (long long, int, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_tmiatt (long long, int, int)
+ int __builtin_arm_tmovmskb (v8qi)
+ int __builtin_arm_tmovmskh (v4hi)
+ int __builtin_arm_tmovmskw (v2si)
+ long long __builtin_arm_waccb (v8qi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wacch (v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_waccw (v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_waddb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_waddbss (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_waddbus (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_waddh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_waddhss (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_waddhus (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_waddw (v2si, v2si)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_waddwss (v2si, v2si)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_waddwus (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_walign (v8qi, v8qi, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wand(long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wandn (long long, long long)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wavg2b (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wavg2br (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wavg2h (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wavg2hr (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wcmpeqb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wcmpeqh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wcmpeqw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wcmpgtsb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wcmpgtsh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wcmpgtsw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wcmpgtub (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wcmpgtuh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wcmpgtuw (v2si, v2si)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wmacs (long long, v4hi, v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wmacsz (v4hi, v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wmacu (long long, v4hi, v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wmacuz (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmadds (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmaddu (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wmaxsb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmaxsh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wmaxsw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wmaxub (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmaxuh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wmaxuw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wminsb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wminsh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wminsw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wminub (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wminuh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wminuw (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmulsm (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmulul (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wmulum (v4hi, v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wor (long long, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wpackdss (long long, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wpackdus (long long, long long)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wpackhss (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wpackhus (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wpackwss (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wpackwus (v2si, v2si)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wrord (long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wrordi (long long, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wrorh (v4hi, long long)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wrorhi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wrorw (v2si, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wrorwi (v2si, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsadb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsadbz (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsadh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsadhz (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wshufh (v4hi, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wslld (long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wslldi (long long, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsllh (v4hi, long long)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsllhi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsllw (v2si, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsllwi (v2si, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wsrad (long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wsradi (long long, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsrah (v4hi, long long)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsrahi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsraw (v2si, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsrawi (v2si, int)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wsrld (long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wsrldi (long long, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsrlh (v4hi, long long)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsrlhi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsrlw (v2si, long long)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsrlwi (v2si, int)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wsubb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wsubbss (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wsubbus (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsubh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsubhss (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wsubhus (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsubw (v2si, v2si)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsubwss (v2si, v2si)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wsubwus (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckehsb (v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckehsh (v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wunpckehsw (v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckehub (v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckehuh (v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wunpckehuw (v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckelsb (v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckelsh (v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wunpckelsw (v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckelub (v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckeluh (v4hi)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wunpckeluw (v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wunpckihb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckihh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckihw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_arm_wunpckilb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_arm_wunpckilh (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_arm_wunpckilw (v2si, v2si)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wxor (long long, long long)
+ long long __builtin_arm_wzero ()
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: ARM NEON Intrinsics, Next: Blackfin Built-in Functions, Prev: ARM iWMMXt Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.3 ARM NEON Intrinsics
+--------------------------
+
+These built-in intrinsics for the ARM Advanced SIMD extension are
+available when the `-mfpu=neon' switch is used:
+
+5.50.3.1 Addition
+.................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vadd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vadd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vadd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vadd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vadd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vadd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vadd_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vadd_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vadd_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vaddq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vaddq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vaddq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vaddq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vaddq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vaddq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vaddq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vaddq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.i64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vaddq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vadd.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vaddl_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vaddl_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vaddl_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vaddl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vaddl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vaddl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddl.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vaddw_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.u32 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vaddw_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.u16 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vaddw_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.u8 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vaddw_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.s32 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vaddw_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.s16 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vaddw_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddw.s8 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vhadd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vhadd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vhadd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vhadd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vhadd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vhadd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vhaddq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vhaddq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vhaddq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vhaddq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vhaddq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vhaddq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhadd.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrhadd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrhadd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrhadd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrhadd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrhadd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrhadd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrhaddq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrhaddq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrhaddq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vrhaddq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrhaddq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrhaddq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrhadd.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqadd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqadd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqadd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqadd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqadd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqadd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqadd_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vqadd_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqaddq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqaddq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqaddq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqaddq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqaddq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqaddq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqaddq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqaddq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqadd.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vaddhn_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vaddhn_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vaddhn_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vaddhn_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vaddhn_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vaddhn_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaddhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vraddhn_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vraddhn_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vraddhn_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vraddhn_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vraddhn_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vraddhn_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vraddhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.2 Multiplication
+.......................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmul_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmul_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmul_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmul_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmul_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmul_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmul_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vmul_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.p8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmulq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmulq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmulq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmulq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmulq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmulq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmulq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vmulq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.p8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqdmulh_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqdmulh_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmulhq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqdmulhq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqrdmulh_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqrdmulh_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqrdmulhq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqrdmulhq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmull_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmull_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmull_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmull_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmull_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmull_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vmull_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.p8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmull_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmull_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.3 Multiply-accumulate
+............................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmla_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmla_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmla_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmla_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmla_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmla_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmla_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlaq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlaq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmlaq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlaq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlaq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmlaq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlaq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlal_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlal_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlal_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlal_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlal_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlal_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlal_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlal_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.4 Multiply-subtract
+..........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmls_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmls_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmls_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmls_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmls_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmls_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmls_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlsq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmlsq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlsq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmlsq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlsq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlsl_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsl_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlsl_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlsl_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsl_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlsl_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlsl_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlsl_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.5 Subtraction
+....................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vsub_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vsub_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vsub_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vsub_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vsub_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vsub_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vsub_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vsub_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vsub_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsubq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsubq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vsubq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsubq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsubq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vsubq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsubq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsubq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.i64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vsubq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsub.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsubl_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsubl_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsubl_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsubl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsubl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsubl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubl.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsubw_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.u32 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsubw_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.u16 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsubw_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.u8 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsubw_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.s32 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsubw_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.s16 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsubw_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubw.s8 Q0, Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vhsub_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vhsub_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vhsub_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vhsub_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vhsub_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vhsub_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vhsubq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vhsubq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vhsubq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vhsubq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vhsubq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vhsubq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vhsub.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqsub_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqsub_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqsub_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqsub_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqsub_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqsub_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqsub_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vqsub_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqsubq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqsubq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqsubq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqsubq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqsubq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqsubq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqsubq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqsubq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqsub.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vsubhn_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vsubhn_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vsubhn_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vsubhn_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vsubhn_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vsubhn_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsubhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrsubhn_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrsubhn_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrsubhn_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrsubhn_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i64 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrsubhn_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i32 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrsubhn_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsubhn.i16 D0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.6 Comparison (equal-to)
+..............................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vceq_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vceq_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vceq_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vceq_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vceq_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vceq_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vceq_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vceq_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vceqq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vceqq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vceqq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vceqq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vceqq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vceqq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vceqq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vceqq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vceq.i8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.7 Comparison (greater-than-or-equal-to)
+..............................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcge_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcge_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcge_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcge_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcge_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcge_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcge_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgeq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcgeq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcgeq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgeq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcgeq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcgeq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgeq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.8 Comparison (less-than-or-equal-to)
+...........................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcle_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcle_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcle_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcle_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcle_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcle_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcle_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcleq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcleq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcleq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcleq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcleq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcleq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcleq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcge.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.9 Comparison (greater-than)
+..................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcgt_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcgt_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcgt_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcgt_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcgt_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcgt_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcgt_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgtq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcgtq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcgtq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgtq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcgtq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcgtq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcgtq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.10 Comparison (less-than)
+................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vclt_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vclt_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vclt_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vclt_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vclt_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vclt_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vclt_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcltq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcltq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcltq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcltq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcltq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcltq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcltq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcgt.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.11 Comparison (absolute greater-than-or-equal-to)
+........................................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcage_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacge.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcageq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacge.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.12 Comparison (absolute less-than-or-equal-to)
+.....................................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcale_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacge.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcaleq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacge.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.13 Comparison (absolute greater-than)
+............................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcagt_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacgt.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcagtq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacgt.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.14 Comparison (absolute less-than)
+.........................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcalt_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacgt.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcaltq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vacgt.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.15 Test bits
+...................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vtst_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vtst_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtst_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vtst_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vtst_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtst_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtst_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vtstq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vtstq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vtstq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vtstq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vtstq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vtstq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vtstq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtst.8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.16 Absolute difference
+.............................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vabd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vabd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vabd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vabd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vabd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vabd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vabd_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vabdq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vabdq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vabdq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vabdq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vabdq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vabdq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vabdq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabd.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vabdl_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vabdl_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vabdl_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vabdl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vabdl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vabdl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabdl.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.17 Absolute difference and accumulate
+............................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vaba_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vaba_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vaba_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vaba_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vaba_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vaba_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vabaq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vabaq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vabaq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vabaq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vabaq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vabaq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vaba.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vabal_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.u32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vabal_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.u16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vabal_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.u8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vabal_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.s32 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vabal_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.s16 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vabal_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabal.s8 Q0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.18 Maximum
+.................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmax_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmax_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmax_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmax_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmax_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmax_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmax_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmaxq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmaxq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmaxq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmaxq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmaxq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmaxq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmaxq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmax.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.19 Minimum
+.................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmin_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmin_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmin_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmin_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmin_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmin_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmin_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vminq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vminq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vminq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vminq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vminq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vminq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vminq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmin.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.20 Pairwise add
+......................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vpadd_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vpadd_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vpadd_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vpadd_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vpadd_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vpadd_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.i8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vpadd_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadd.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vpaddl_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vpaddl_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u16 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vpaddl_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vpaddl_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vpaddl_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vpaddl_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vpaddlq_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vpaddlq_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vpaddlq_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.u8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vpaddlq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vpaddlq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vpaddlq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpaddl.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.21 Pairwise add, single_opcode widen and accumulate
+..........................................................
+
+ * uint64x1_t vpadal_u32 (uint64x1_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vpadal_u16 (uint32x2_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u16 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vpadal_u8 (uint16x4_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vpadal_s32 (int64x1_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vpadal_s16 (int32x2_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vpadal_s8 (int16x4_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vpadalq_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vpadalq_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vpadalq_u8 (uint16x8_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.u8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vpadalq_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vpadalq_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vpadalq_s8 (int16x8_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpadal.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.22 Folding maximum
+.........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vpmax_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vpmax_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vpmax_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vpmax_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vpmax_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vpmax_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vpmax_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmax.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.23 Folding minimum
+.........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vpmin_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vpmin_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vpmin_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vpmin_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vpmin_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vpmin_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vpmin_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vpmin.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.24 Reciprocal step
+.........................
+
+ * float32x2_t vrecps_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecps.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vrecpsq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecps.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vrsqrts_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrts.f32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vrsqrtsq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrts.f32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.25 Vector shift left
+...........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vshl_u32 (uint32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vshl_u16 (uint16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vshl_u8 (uint8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vshl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vshl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vshl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vshl_u64 (uint64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vshl_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vshlq_u32 (uint32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vshlq_u16 (uint16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vshlq_u8 (uint8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vshlq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vshlq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vshlq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vshlq_u64 (uint64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vshlq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrshl_u32 (uint32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrshl_u16 (uint16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrshl_u8 (uint8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrshl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrshl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrshl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vrshl_u64 (uint64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vrshl_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrshlq_u32 (uint32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrshlq_u16 (uint16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrshlq_u8 (uint8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vrshlq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrshlq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrshlq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vrshlq_u64 (uint64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vrshlq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshl.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqshl_u32 (uint32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqshl_u16 (uint16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqshl_u8 (uint8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqshl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqshl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqshl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqshl_u64 (uint64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vqshl_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqshlq_u32 (uint32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqshlq_u16 (uint16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqshlq_u8 (uint8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqshlq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqshlq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqshlq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqshlq_u64 (uint64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqshlq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqrshl_u32 (uint32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqrshl_u16 (uint16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqrshl_u8 (uint8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqrshl_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s32 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqrshl_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s16 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqrshl_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s8 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqrshl_u64 (uint64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vqrshl_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s64 D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqrshlq_u32 (uint32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqrshlq_u16 (uint16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqrshlq_u8 (uint8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqrshlq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s32 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqrshlq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s16 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqrshlq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s8 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqrshlq_u64 (uint64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.u64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqrshlq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshl.s64 Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.26 Vector shift left by constant
+.......................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vshl_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vshl_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vshl_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vshl_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vshl_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vshl_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vshl_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vshl_n_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vshlq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vshlq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vshlq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vshlq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vshlq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vshlq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vshlq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vshlq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshl.i64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqshl_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqshl_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqshl_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqshl_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqshl_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqshl_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqshl_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vqshl_n_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqshlq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqshlq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqshlq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqshlq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqshlq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqshlq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqshlq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.u64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqshlq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshl.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vqshlu_n_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqshlu_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqshlu_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqshlu_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vqshluq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vqshluq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vqshluq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vqshluq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshlu.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vshll_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.u32 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vshll_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.u16 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vshll_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.u8 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vshll_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.s32 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vshll_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.s16 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vshll_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshll.s8 Q0, D0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.27 Vector shift right by constant
+........................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vshr_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vshr_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vshr_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vshr_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vshr_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vshr_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vshr_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vshr_n_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vshrq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vshrq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vshrq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vshrq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vshrq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vshrq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vshrq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.u64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vshrq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshr.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrshr_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrshr_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrshr_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrshr_n_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrshr_n_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrshr_n_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vrshr_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vrshr_n_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrshrq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrshrq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrshrq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vrshrq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrshrq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrshrq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vrshrq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.u64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vrshrq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshr.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vshrn_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vshrn_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vshrn_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vshrn_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vshrn_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vshrn_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vshrn.i16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrshrn_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrshrn_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrshrn_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrshrn_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrshrn_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrshrn_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrshrn.i16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqshrn_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.u64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqshrn_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.u32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqshrn_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.u16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqshrn_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.s64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqshrn_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.s32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqshrn_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrn.s16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqrshrn_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.u64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqrshrn_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.u32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqrshrn_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.u16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqrshrn_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.s64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqrshrn_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.s32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqrshrn_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrn.s16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqshrun_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrun.s64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqshrun_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrun.s32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqshrun_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqshrun.s16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqrshrun_n_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrun.s64 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqrshrun_n_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrun.s32 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqrshrun_n_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrshrun.s16 D0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.28 Vector shift right by constant and accumulate
+.......................................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vsra_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vsra_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vsra_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vsra_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vsra_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vsra_n_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vsra_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vsra_n_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsraq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsraq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vsraq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsraq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsraq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vsraq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsraq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.u64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsraq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsra.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrsra_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrsra_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrsra_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrsra_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrsra_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrsra_n_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vrsra_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vrsra_n_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrsraq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrsraq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrsraq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vrsraq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrsraq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrsraq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vrsraq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.u64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vrsraq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsra.s64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.29 Vector shift right and insert
+.......................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vsri_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vsri_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vsri_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vsri_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vsri_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vsri_n_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vsri_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vsri_n_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vsri_n_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vsri_n_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsriq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsriq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vsriq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsriq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsriq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vsriq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsriq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsriq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vsriq_n_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vsriq_n_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsri.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.30 Vector shift left and insert
+......................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vsli_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vsli_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vsli_n_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vsli_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vsli_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vsli_n_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vsli_n_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vsli_n_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.64 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vsli_n_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vsli_n_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsliq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsliq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vsliq_n_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsliq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsliq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vsliq_n_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsliq_n_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsliq_n_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.64 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vsliq_n_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.16 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vsliq_n_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vsli.8 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.31 Absolute value
+........................
+
+ * float32x2_t vabs_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vabs_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vabs_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vabs_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vabsq_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vabsq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vabsq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vabsq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vabs.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqabs_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqabs_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqabs_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqabsq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqabsq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqabsq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqabs.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.32 Negation
+..................
+
+ * float32x2_t vneg_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vneg_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vneg_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vneg_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vnegq_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vnegq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vnegq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vnegq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vneg.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqneg_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqneg_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqneg_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqnegq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqnegq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vqnegq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqneg.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.33 Bitwise not
+.....................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmvn_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmvn_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmvn_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmvn_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmvn_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmvn_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vmvn_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmvnq_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmvnq_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmvnq_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmvnq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmvnq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmvnq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vmvnq_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmvn Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.34 Count leading sign bits
+.................................
+
+ * int32x2_t vcls_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vcls_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vcls_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vclsq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vclsq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vclsq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcls.s8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.35 Count leading zeros
+.............................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vclz_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vclz_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i16 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vclz_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vclz_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vclz_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vclz_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vclzq_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vclzq_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vclzq_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vclzq_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vclzq_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vclzq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vclz.i8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.36 Count number of set bits
+..................................
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcnt_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vcnt_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vcnt_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcntq_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vcntq_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vcntq_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcnt.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.37 Reciprocal estimate
+.............................
+
+ * float32x2_t vrecpe_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecpe.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrecpe_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecpe.u32 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vrecpeq_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecpe.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrecpeq_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrecpe.u32 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.38 Reciprocal square-root estimate
+.........................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vrsqrte_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrte.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrsqrte_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrte.u32 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vrsqrteq_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrte.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrsqrteq_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrsqrte.u32 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.39 Get lanes from a vector
+.................................
+
+ * uint32_t vget_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16_t vget_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint8_t vget_lane_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32_t vget_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16_t vget_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int8_t vget_lane_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32_t vget_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.f32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly16_t vget_lane_p16 (poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly8_t vget_lane_p8 (poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64_t vget_lane_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov R0, R0, D0'
+
+ * int64_t vget_lane_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov R0, R0, D0'
+
+ * uint32_t vgetq_lane_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16_t vgetq_lane_u16 (uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint8_t vgetq_lane_u8 (uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32_t vgetq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16_t vgetq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int8_t vgetq_lane_s8 (int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.s8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32_t vgetq_lane_f32 (float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.f32 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly16_t vgetq_lane_p16 (poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u16 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly8_t vgetq_lane_p8 (poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.u8 R0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64_t vgetq_lane_u64 (uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov R0, R0, D0'
+
+ * int64_t vgetq_lane_s64 (int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov R0, R0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.40 Set lanes in a vector
+...............................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vset_lane_u32 (uint32_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vset_lane_u16 (uint16_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vset_lane_u8 (uint8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vset_lane_s32 (int32_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vset_lane_s16 (int16_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vset_lane_s8 (int8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vset_lane_f32 (float32_t, float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vset_lane_p16 (poly16_t, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vset_lane_p8 (poly8_t, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vset_lane_u64 (uint64_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vset_lane_s64 (int64_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vsetq_lane_u32 (uint32_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vsetq_lane_u16 (uint16_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vsetq_lane_u8 (uint8_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vsetq_lane_s32 (int32_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vsetq_lane_s16 (int16_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vsetq_lane_s8 (int8_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vsetq_lane_f32 (float32_t, float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.32 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vsetq_lane_p16 (poly16_t, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.16 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vsetq_lane_p8 (poly8_t, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov.8 D0[0], R0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vsetq_lane_u64 (uint64_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vsetq_lane_s64 (int64_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+5.50.3.41 Create vector from literal bit pattern
+................................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcreate_u32 (uint64_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vcreate_u16 (uint64_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vcreate_u8 (uint64_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vcreate_s32 (uint64_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vcreate_s16 (uint64_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vcreate_s8 (uint64_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vcreate_u64 (uint64_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vcreate_s64 (uint64_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vcreate_f32 (uint64_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vcreate_p16 (uint64_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vcreate_p8 (uint64_t)
+
+5.50.3.42 Set all lanes to the same value
+.........................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vdup_n_u32 (uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vdup_n_u16 (uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vdup_n_u8 (uint8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vdup_n_s32 (int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vdup_n_s16 (int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vdup_n_s8 (int8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vdup_n_f32 (float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vdup_n_p16 (poly16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vdup_n_p8 (poly8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vdup_n_u64 (uint64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vdup_n_s64 (int64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vdupq_n_u32 (uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vdupq_n_u16 (uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vdupq_n_u8 (uint8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vdupq_n_s32 (int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vdupq_n_s16 (int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vdupq_n_s8 (int8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vdupq_n_f32 (float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vdupq_n_p16 (poly16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vdupq_n_p8 (poly8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vdupq_n_u64 (uint64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vdupq_n_s64 (int64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmov_n_u32 (uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmov_n_u16 (uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmov_n_u8 (uint8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmov_n_s32 (int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmov_n_s16 (int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmov_n_s8 (int8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vmov_n_f32 (float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, R0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vmov_n_p16 (poly16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, R0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vmov_n_p8 (poly8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, R0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vmov_n_u64 (uint64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vmov_n_s64 (int64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmovq_n_u32 (uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmovq_n_u16 (uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vmovq_n_u8 (uint8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmovq_n_s32 (int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmovq_n_s16 (int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vmovq_n_s8 (int8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmovq_n_f32 (float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, R0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vmovq_n_p16 (poly16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, R0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vmovq_n_p8 (poly8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, R0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmovq_n_u64 (uint64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmovq_n_s64 (int64_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, R0, R0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vdup_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vdup_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vdup_lane_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vdup_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vdup_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int8x8_t vdup_lane_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x2_t vdup_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vdup_lane_p16 (poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vdup_lane_p8 (poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vdup_lane_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+
+ * int64x1_t vdup_lane_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vdupq_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vdupq_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vdupq_lane_u8 (uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vdupq_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vdupq_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int8x16_t vdupq_lane_s8 (int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vdupq_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.32 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vdupq_lane_p16 (poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.16 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vdupq_lane_p8 (poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vdup.8 Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vdupq_lane_u64 (uint64x1_t, const int)
+
+ * int64x2_t vdupq_lane_s64 (int64x1_t, const int)
+
+5.50.3.43 Combining vectors
+...........................
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcombine_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vcombine_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vcombine_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vcombine_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vcombine_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vcombine_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vcombine_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vcombine_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vcombine_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vcombine_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vcombine_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+
+5.50.3.44 Splitting vectors
+...........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vget_high_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vget_high_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vget_high_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vget_high_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vget_high_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vget_high_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vget_high_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vget_high_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vget_high_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vget_high_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vget_high_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vget_low_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vget_low_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vget_low_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vget_low_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vget_low_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vget_low_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vget_low_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vget_low_s64 (int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vget_low_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vget_low_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vget_low_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmov D0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.45 Conversions
+.....................
+
+ * float32x2_t vcvt_f32_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.u32 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vcvt_f32_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.s32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcvt_u32_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.u32.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vcvt_s32_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.s32.f32 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vcvtq_f32_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.u32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vcvtq_f32_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.s32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcvtq_u32_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.u32.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vcvtq_s32_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.s32.f32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vcvt_n_f32_u32 (uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.u32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vcvt_n_f32_s32 (int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.s32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vcvt_n_u32_f32 (float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.u32.f32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vcvt_n_s32_f32 (float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.s32.f32 D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vcvtq_n_f32_u32 (uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.u32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vcvtq_n_f32_s32 (int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.f32.s32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vcvtq_n_u32_f32 (float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.u32.f32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vcvtq_n_s32_f32 (float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vcvt.s32.f32 Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.46 Move, single_opcode narrowing
+.......................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmovn_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i64 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmovn_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i32 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vmovn_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i16 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmovn_s64 (int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i64 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmovn_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i32 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vmovn_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovn.i16 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqmovn_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.u64 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqmovn_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.u32 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqmovn_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.u16 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqmovn_s64 (int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.s64 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqmovn_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.s32 D0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vqmovn_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovn.s16 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vqmovun_s64 (int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovun.s64 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vqmovun_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovun.s32 D0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vqmovun_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqmovun.s16 D0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.47 Move, single_opcode long
+..................................
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmovl_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.u32 Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmovl_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.u16 Q0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmovl_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.u8 Q0, D0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmovl_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.s32 Q0, D0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmovl_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.s16 Q0, D0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmovl_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmovl.s8 Q0, D0'
+
+5.50.3.48 Table lookup
+......................
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbl1_p8 (poly8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbl1_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbl1_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbl2_p8 (poly8x8x2_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbl2_s8 (int8x8x2_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbl2_u8 (uint8x8x2_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbl3_p8 (poly8x8x3_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbl3_s8 (int8x8x3_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbl3_u8 (uint8x8x3_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbl4_p8 (poly8x8x4_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbl4_s8 (int8x8x4_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbl4_u8 (uint8x8x4_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbl.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+5.50.3.49 Extended table lookup
+...............................
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbx1_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbx1_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbx1_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbx2_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8x2_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbx2_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8x2_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbx2_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8x2_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbx3_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8x3_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbx3_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8x3_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbx3_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8x3_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2}, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vtbx4_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8x4_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vtbx4_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8x4_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vtbx4_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8x4_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtbx.8 D0, {D0, D1, D2, D3},
+ D0'
+
+5.50.3.50 Multiply, lane
+........................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmul_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmul_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmul_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmul_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmul_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmulq_lane_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmulq_lane_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmulq_lane_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmulq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmulq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.51 Long multiply, lane
+.............................
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmull_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmull_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmull_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmull_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.52 Saturating doubling long multiply, lane
+.................................................
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmull_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmull_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.53 Saturating doubling multiply high, lane
+.................................................
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmulhq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqdmulhq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqdmulh_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqdmulh_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqrdmulhq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqrdmulhq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqrdmulh_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqrdmulh_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.54 Multiply-accumulate, lane
+...................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmla_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmla_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmla_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmla_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmla_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlaq_lane_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlaq_lane_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlaq_lane_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlaq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlaq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlal_lane_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlal_lane_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlal_lane_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlal_lane_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlal_lane_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlal_lane_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.55 Multiply-subtract, lane
+.................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmls_lane_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmls_lane_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmls_lane_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmls_lane_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmls_lane_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlsq_lane_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsq_lane_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlsq_lane_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsq_lane_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlsq_lane_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlsl_lane_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsl_lane_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlsl_lane_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsl_lane_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlsl_lane_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlsl_lane_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.56 Vector multiply by scalar
+...................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmul_n_f32 (float32x2_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmul_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmul_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmul_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmul_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmulq_n_f32 (float32x4_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmulq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmulq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmulq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmulq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmul.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.57 Vector long multiply by scalar
+........................................
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmull_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmull_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmull_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmull_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.58 Vector saturating doubling long multiply by scalar
+............................................................
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmull_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmull_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmull.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.59 Vector saturating doubling multiply high by scalar
+............................................................
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmulhq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqdmulhq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqdmulh_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqdmulh_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqrdmulhq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vqrdmulhq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vqrdmulh_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vqrdmulh_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqrdmulh.s16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.60 Vector multiply-accumulate by scalar
+..............................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmla_n_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmla_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmla_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmla_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmla_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlaq_n_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlaq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlaq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlaq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlaq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmla.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlal_n_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlal_n_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlal_n_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlal_n_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlal_n_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlal_n_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlal.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.61 Vector multiply-subtract by scalar
+............................................
+
+ * float32x2_t vmls_n_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vmls_n_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vmls_n_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vmls_n_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vmls_n_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 D0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vmlsq_n_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.f32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsq_n_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vmlsq_n_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsq_n_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i32 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vmlsq_n_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmls.i16 Q0, Q0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vmlsl_n_u32 (uint64x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vmlsl_n_u16 (uint32x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.u16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vmlsl_n_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vmlsl_n_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vqdmlsl_n_s32 (int64x2_t, int32x2_t, int32_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s32 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vqdmlsl_n_s16 (int32x4_t, int16x4_t, int16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vqdmlsl.s16 Q0, D0, D0[0]'
+
+5.50.3.62 Vector extract
+........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vext_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vext_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vext_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vext_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vext_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vext_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vext_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.64 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vext_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.64 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vext_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vext_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vext_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 D0, D0, D0, #0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vextq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vextq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vextq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vextq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vextq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vextq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vextq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.64 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vextq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.64 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vextq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.32 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vextq_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.16 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vextq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vext.8 Q0, Q0, Q0, #0'
+
+5.50.3.63 Reverse elements
+..........................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vrev64_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrev64_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrev64_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vrev64_s32 (int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrev64_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrev64_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vrev64_f32 (float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vrev64_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vrev64_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vrev64q_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrev64q_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrev64q_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vrev64q_s32 (int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrev64q_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrev64q_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vrev64q_f32 (float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.32 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vrev64q_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vrev64q_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev64.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vrev32_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vrev32_s16 (int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrev32_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrev32_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vrev32_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vrev32_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vrev32q_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vrev32q_s16 (int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrev32q_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrev32q_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vrev32q_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.16 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vrev32q_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev32.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vrev16_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vrev16_s8 (int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vrev16_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vrev16q_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vrev16q_s8 (int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vrev16q_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vrev16.8 Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.64 Bit selection
+.......................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vbsl_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vbsl_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vbsl_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vbsl_s32 (uint32x2_t, int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vbsl_s16 (uint16x4_t, int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vbsl_s8 (uint8x8_t, int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vbsl_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vbsl_s64 (uint64x1_t, int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * float32x2_t vbsl_f32 (uint32x2_t, float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vbsl_p16 (uint16x4_t, poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vbsl_p8 (uint8x8_t, poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbit
+ D0, D0, D0' _or_ `vbif D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vbslq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vbslq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vbslq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vbslq_s32 (uint32x4_t, int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vbslq_s16 (uint16x8_t, int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vbslq_s8 (uint8x16_t, int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vbslq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vbslq_s64 (uint64x2_t, int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * float32x4_t vbslq_f32 (uint32x4_t, float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vbslq_p16 (uint16x8_t, poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vbslq_p8 (uint8x16_t, poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbsl Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbit
+ Q0, Q0, Q0' _or_ `vbif Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.65 Transpose elements
+............................
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vtrn_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vtrn_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vtrn_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vtrn_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vtrn_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vtrn_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vtrn_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vtrn_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vtrn_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint32x4x2_t vtrnq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint16x8x2_t vtrnq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint8x16x2_t vtrnq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int32x4x2_t vtrnq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int16x8x2_t vtrnq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int8x16x2_t vtrnq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * float32x4x2_t vtrnq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly16x8x2_t vtrnq_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly8x16x2_t vtrnq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vtrn.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+5.50.3.66 Zip elements
+......................
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vzip_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vzip_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vzip_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vzip_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vzip_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vzip_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vzip_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vzip_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vzip_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint32x4x2_t vzipq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint16x8x2_t vzipq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint8x16x2_t vzipq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int32x4x2_t vzipq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int16x8x2_t vzipq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int8x16x2_t vzipq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * float32x4x2_t vzipq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly16x8x2_t vzipq_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly8x16x2_t vzipq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vzip.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+5.50.3.67 Unzip elements
+........................
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vuzp_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vuzp_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vuzp_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vuzp_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vuzp_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vuzp_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vuzp_f32 (float32x2_t, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vuzp_p16 (poly16x4_t, poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 D0, D1'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vuzp_p8 (poly8x8_t, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 D0, D1'
+
+ * uint32x4x2_t vuzpq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint16x8x2_t vuzpq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * uint8x16x2_t vuzpq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int32x4x2_t vuzpq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int16x8x2_t vuzpq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * int8x16x2_t vuzpq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * float32x4x2_t vuzpq_f32 (float32x4_t, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.32 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly16x8x2_t vuzpq_p16 (poly16x8_t, poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.16 Q0, Q1'
+
+ * poly8x16x2_t vuzpq_p8 (poly8x16_t, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vuzp.8 Q0, Q1'
+
+5.50.3.68 Element/structure loads, VLD1 variants
+................................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vld1_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vld1_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vld1_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vld1_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vld1_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8_t vld1_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vld1_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1_t vld1_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2_t vld1_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vld1_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vld1_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vld1q_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vld1q_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vld1q_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vld1q_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vld1q_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16_t vld1q_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vld1q_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vld1q_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vld1q_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vld1q_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vld1q_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vld1_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vld1_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vld1_lane_u8 (const uint8_t *, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vld1_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vld1_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8_t vld1_lane_s8 (const int8_t *, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2_t vld1_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vld1_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vld1_lane_p8 (const poly8_t *, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vld1_lane_u64 (const uint64_t *, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1_t vld1_lane_s64 (const int64_t *, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vld1q_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vld1q_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vld1q_lane_u8 (const uint8_t *, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vld1q_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vld1q_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16_t vld1q_lane_s8 (const int8_t *, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vld1q_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vld1q_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vld1q_lane_p8 (const poly8_t *, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vld1q_lane_u64 (const uint64_t *, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vld1q_lane_s64 (const int64_t *, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2_t vld1_dup_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vld1_dup_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vld1_dup_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2_t vld1_dup_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4_t vld1_dup_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8_t vld1_dup_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2_t vld1_dup_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4_t vld1_dup_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8_t vld1_dup_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vld1_dup_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1_t vld1_dup_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vld1q_dup_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vld1q_dup_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vld1q_dup_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4_t vld1q_dup_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8_t vld1q_dup_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16_t vld1q_dup_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4_t vld1q_dup_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8_t vld1q_dup_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16_t vld1q_dup_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vld1q_dup_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x2_t vld1q_dup_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.69 Element/structure stores, VST1 variants
+.................................................
+
+ * void vst1_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_s64 (int64_t *, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_s8 (int8_t *, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_s64 (int64_t *, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_s64 (int64_t *, int64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1_lane_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x1_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_s8 (int8_t *, int8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.32 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.16 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x16_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.8 {D0[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_s64 (int64_t *, int64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst1q_lane_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.70 Element/structure loads, VLD2 variants
+................................................
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vld2_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vld2_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vld2_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vld2_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vld2_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vld2_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vld2_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vld2_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vld2_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x2_t vld2_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x2_t vld2_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x2_t vld2q_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x2_t vld2q_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16x2_t vld2q_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x2_t vld2q_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x2_t vld2q_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16x2_t vld2q_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x2_t vld2q_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x2_t vld2q_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16x2_t vld2q_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vld2_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x2x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vld2_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x4x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vld2_lane_u8 (const uint8_t *, uint8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vld2_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x2x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vld2_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vld2_lane_s8 (const int8_t *, int8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vld2_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x2x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vld2_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x4x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vld2_lane_p8 (const poly8_t *, poly8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x2_t vld2q_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x4x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x2_t vld2q_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x8x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x2_t vld2q_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x4x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x2_t vld2q_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x8x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x2_t vld2q_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x4x2_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x2_t vld2q_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x8x2_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x2_t vld2_dup_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x2_t vld2_dup_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x2_t vld2_dup_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x2_t vld2_dup_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x2_t vld2_dup_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x2_t vld2_dup_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x2_t vld2_dup_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.32 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x2_t vld2_dup_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.16 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x2_t vld2_dup_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld2.8 {D0[], D1[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x2_t vld2_dup_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x2_t vld2_dup_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.71 Element/structure stores, VST2 variants
+.................................................
+
+ * void vst2_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x1x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_s64 (int64_t *, int64x1x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x16x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_s8 (int8_t *, int8x16x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x16x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0, D1}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2_lane_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.8 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.32 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst2q_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x2_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst2.16 {D0[0], D1[0]}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.72 Element/structure loads, VLD3 variants
+................................................
+
+ * uint32x2x3_t vld3_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x3_t vld3_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x3_t vld3_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x3_t vld3_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x3_t vld3_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x3_t vld3_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x3_t vld3_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x3_t vld3_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x3_t vld3_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x3_t vld3_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x3_t vld3_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x3_t vld3q_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x3_t vld3q_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16x3_t vld3q_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x3_t vld3q_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x3_t vld3q_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16x3_t vld3q_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x3_t vld3q_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x3_t vld3q_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16x3_t vld3q_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x3_t vld3_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x2x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x3_t vld3_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x4x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x3_t vld3_lane_u8 (const uint8_t *, uint8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x3_t vld3_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x2x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x3_t vld3_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x3_t vld3_lane_s8 (const int8_t *, int8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x3_t vld3_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x2x3_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x3_t vld3_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x4x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x3_t vld3_lane_p8 (const poly8_t *, poly8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x3_t vld3q_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x4x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x3_t vld3q_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x8x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x3_t vld3q_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x4x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x3_t vld3q_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x8x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x3_t vld3q_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x4x3_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x3_t vld3q_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x8x3_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x3_t vld3_dup_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x3_t vld3_dup_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x3_t vld3_dup_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x3_t vld3_dup_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x3_t vld3_dup_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x3_t vld3_dup_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x3_t vld3_dup_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x3_t vld3_dup_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x3_t vld3_dup_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld3.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x3_t vld3_dup_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x3_t vld3_dup_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.73 Element/structure stores, VST3 variants
+.................................................
+
+ * void vst3_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x1x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_s64 (int64_t *, int64x1x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x16x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_s8 (int8_t *, int8x16x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x16x3_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0, D1, D2}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3_lane_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+ * void vst3q_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x3_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst3.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0]},
+ [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.74 Element/structure loads, VLD4 variants
+................................................
+
+ * uint32x2x4_t vld4_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x4_t vld4_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x4_t vld4_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x4_t vld4_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x4_t vld4_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x4_t vld4_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x4_t vld4_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x4_t vld4_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x4_t vld4_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x4_t vld4_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x4_t vld4_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x4_t vld4q_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x4_t vld4q_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x16x4_t vld4q_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x4_t vld4q_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x4_t vld4q_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x16x4_t vld4q_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x4_t vld4q_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x4_t vld4q_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x16x4_t vld4q_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x4_t vld4_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x2x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x4_t vld4_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x4x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x4_t vld4_lane_u8 (const uint8_t *, uint8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x4_t vld4_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x2x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x4_t vld4_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x4_t vld4_lane_s8 (const int8_t *, int8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x4_t vld4_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x2x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x4_t vld4_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x4x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x4_t vld4_lane_p8 (const poly8_t *, poly8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x4x4_t vld4q_lane_s32 (const int32_t *, int32x4x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x8x4_t vld4q_lane_s16 (const int16_t *, int16x8x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x4x4_t vld4q_lane_u32 (const uint32_t *, uint32x4x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x8x4_t vld4q_lane_u16 (const uint16_t *, uint16x8x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x4x4_t vld4q_lane_f32 (const float32_t *, float32x4x4_t,
+ const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x8x4_t vld4q_lane_p16 (const poly16_t *, poly16x8x4_t, const
+ int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint32x2x4_t vld4_dup_u32 (const uint32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint16x4x4_t vld4_dup_u16 (const uint16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint8x8x4_t vld4_dup_u8 (const uint8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int32x2x4_t vld4_dup_s32 (const int32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int16x4x4_t vld4_dup_s16 (const int16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * int8x8x4_t vld4_dup_s8 (const int8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * float32x2x4_t vld4_dup_f32 (const float32_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.32 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly16x4x4_t vld4_dup_p16 (const poly16_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.16 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * poly8x8x4_t vld4_dup_p8 (const poly8_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld4.8 {D0[], D1[], D2[],
+ D3[]}, [R0]'
+
+ * uint64x1x4_t vld4_dup_u64 (const uint64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * int64x1x4_t vld4_dup_s64 (const int64_t *)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vld1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.75 Element/structure stores, VST4 variants
+.................................................
+
+ * void vst4_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_u64 (uint64_t *, uint64x1x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_s64 (int64_t *, int64x1x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst1.64 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_s8 (int8_t *, int8x16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0, D1, D2, D3}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x2x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_u8 (uint8_t *, uint8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x2x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_s8 (int8_t *, int8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x2x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4_lane_p8 (poly8_t *, poly8x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.8 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_s32 (int32_t *, int32x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_s16 (int16_t *, int16x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_u32 (uint32_t *, uint32x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_u16 (uint16_t *, uint16x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_f32 (float32_t *, float32x4x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.32 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+ * void vst4q_lane_p16 (poly16_t *, poly16x8x4_t, const int)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vst4.16 {D0[0], D1[0], D2[0],
+ D3[0]}, [R0]'
+
+5.50.3.76 Logical operations (AND)
+..................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vand_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vand_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vand_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vand_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vand_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vand_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vand_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vand_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vandq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vandq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vandq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vandq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vandq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vandq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vandq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vandq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vand Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.77 Logical operations (OR)
+.................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vorr_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vorr_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vorr_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vorr_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vorr_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vorr_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vorr_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vorr_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vorrq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vorrq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vorrq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vorrq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vorrq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vorrq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vorrq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vorrq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorr Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.78 Logical operations (exclusive OR)
+...........................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t veor_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t veor_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t veor_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t veor_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t veor_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t veor_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t veor_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t veor_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t veorq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t veorq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t veorq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t veorq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t veorq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t veorq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t veorq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t veorq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `veor Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.79 Logical operations (AND-NOT)
+......................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vbic_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vbic_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vbic_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vbic_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vbic_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vbic_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vbic_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vbic_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vbicq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vbicq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vbicq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vbicq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vbicq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vbicq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vbicq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vbicq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vbic Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.80 Logical operations (OR-NOT)
+.....................................
+
+ * uint32x2_t vorn_u32 (uint32x2_t, uint32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint16x4_t vorn_u16 (uint16x4_t, uint16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint8x8_t vorn_u8 (uint8x8_t, uint8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int32x2_t vorn_s32 (int32x2_t, int32x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int16x4_t vorn_s16 (int16x4_t, int16x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int8x8_t vorn_s8 (int8x8_t, int8x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint64x1_t vorn_u64 (uint64x1_t, uint64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * int64x1_t vorn_s64 (int64x1_t, int64x1_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn D0, D0, D0'
+
+ * uint32x4_t vornq_u32 (uint32x4_t, uint32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint16x8_t vornq_u16 (uint16x8_t, uint16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint8x16_t vornq_u8 (uint8x16_t, uint8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int32x4_t vornq_s32 (int32x4_t, int32x4_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int16x8_t vornq_s16 (int16x8_t, int16x8_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int8x16_t vornq_s8 (int8x16_t, int8x16_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * uint64x2_t vornq_u64 (uint64x2_t, uint64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+ * int64x2_t vornq_s64 (int64x2_t, int64x2_t)
+ _Form of expected instruction(s):_ `vorn Q0, Q0, Q0'
+
+5.50.3.81 Reinterpret casts
+...........................
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * poly8x8_t vreinterpret_p8_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * poly8x16_t vreinterpretq_p8_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x4_t vreinterpret_p16_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * poly16x8_t vreinterpretq_p16_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * float32x2_t vreinterpret_f32_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * float32x4_t vreinterpretq_f32_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * int64x1_t vreinterpret_s64_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * int64x2_t vreinterpretq_s64_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x1_t vreinterpret_u64_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * uint64x2_t vreinterpretq_u64_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * int8x8_t vreinterpret_s8_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * int8x16_t vreinterpretq_s8_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * int16x4_t vreinterpret_s16_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * int16x8_t vreinterpretq_s16_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * int32x2_t vreinterpret_s32_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * int32x4_t vreinterpretq_s32_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x8_t vreinterpret_u8_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * uint8x16_t vreinterpretq_u8_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_u32 (uint32x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x4_t vreinterpret_u16_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_u32 (uint32x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * uint16x8_t vreinterpretq_u16_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_u16 (uint16x4_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_u8 (uint8x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_s32 (int32x2_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_s16 (int16x4_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_s8 (int8x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_u64 (uint64x1_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_s64 (int64x1_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_f32 (float32x2_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_p16 (poly16x4_t)
+
+ * uint32x2_t vreinterpret_u32_p8 (poly8x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_u16 (uint16x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_u8 (uint8x16_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_s32 (int32x4_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_s16 (int16x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_s8 (int8x16_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_u64 (uint64x2_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_s64 (int64x2_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_f32 (float32x4_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_p16 (poly16x8_t)
+
+ * uint32x4_t vreinterpretq_u32_p8 (poly8x16_t)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Blackfin Built-in Functions, Next: FR-V Built-in Functions, Prev: ARM NEON Intrinsics, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.4 Blackfin Built-in Functions
+----------------------------------
+
+Currently, there are two Blackfin-specific built-in functions. These
+are used for generating `CSYNC' and `SSYNC' machine insns without using
+inline assembly; by using these built-in functions the compiler can
+automatically add workarounds for hardware errata involving these
+instructions. These functions are named as follows:
+
+ void __builtin_bfin_csync (void)
+ void __builtin_bfin_ssync (void)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: FR-V Built-in Functions, Next: X86 Built-in Functions, Prev: Blackfin Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.5 FR-V Built-in Functions
+------------------------------
+
+GCC provides many FR-V-specific built-in functions. In general, these
+functions are intended to be compatible with those described by `FR-V
+Family, Softune C/C++ Compiler Manual (V6), Fujitsu Semiconductor'.
+The two exceptions are `__MDUNPACKH' and `__MBTOHE', the gcc forms of
+which pass 128-bit values by pointer rather than by value.
+
+ Most of the functions are named after specific FR-V instructions.
+Such functions are said to be "directly mapped" and are summarized here
+in tabular form.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Argument Types::
+* Directly-mapped Integer Functions::
+* Directly-mapped Media Functions::
+* Raw read/write Functions::
+* Other Built-in Functions::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Argument Types, Next: Directly-mapped Integer Functions, Up: FR-V Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.5.1 Argument Types
+.......................
+
+The arguments to the built-in functions can be divided into three
+groups: register numbers, compile-time constants and run-time values.
+In order to make this classification clear at a glance, the arguments
+and return values are given the following pseudo types:
+
+Pseudo type Real C type Constant? Description
+`uh' `unsigned short' No an unsigned halfword
+`uw1' `unsigned int' No an unsigned word
+`sw1' `int' No a signed word
+`uw2' `unsigned long long' No an unsigned doubleword
+`sw2' `long long' No a signed doubleword
+`const' `int' Yes an integer constant
+`acc' `int' Yes an ACC register number
+`iacc' `int' Yes an IACC register number
+
+ These pseudo types are not defined by GCC, they are simply a notational
+convenience used in this manual.
+
+ Arguments of type `uh', `uw1', `sw1', `uw2' and `sw2' are evaluated at
+run time. They correspond to register operands in the underlying FR-V
+instructions.
+
+ `const' arguments represent immediate operands in the underlying FR-V
+instructions. They must be compile-time constants.
+
+ `acc' arguments are evaluated at compile time and specify the number
+of an accumulator register. For example, an `acc' argument of 2 will
+select the ACC2 register.
+
+ `iacc' arguments are similar to `acc' arguments but specify the number
+of an IACC register. See *note Other Built-in Functions:: for more
+details.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Directly-mapped Integer Functions, Next: Directly-mapped Media Functions, Prev: Argument Types, Up: FR-V Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.5.2 Directly-mapped Integer Functions
+..........................................
+
+The functions listed below map directly to FR-V I-type instructions.
+
+Function prototype Example usage Assembly output
+`sw1 __ADDSS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __ADDSS (A, B)' `ADDSS A,B,C'
+`sw1 __SCAN (sw1, sw1)' `C = __SCAN (A, B)' `SCAN A,B,C'
+`sw1 __SCUTSS (sw1)' `B = __SCUTSS (A)' `SCUTSS A,B'
+`sw1 __SLASS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __SLASS (A, B)' `SLASS A,B,C'
+`void __SMASS (sw1, sw1)' `__SMASS (A, B)' `SMASS A,B'
+`void __SMSSS (sw1, sw1)' `__SMSSS (A, B)' `SMSSS A,B'
+`void __SMU (sw1, sw1)' `__SMU (A, B)' `SMU A,B'
+`sw2 __SMUL (sw1, sw1)' `C = __SMUL (A, B)' `SMUL A,B,C'
+`sw1 __SUBSS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __SUBSS (A, B)' `SUBSS A,B,C'
+`uw2 __UMUL (uw1, uw1)' `C = __UMUL (A, B)' `UMUL A,B,C'
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Directly-mapped Media Functions, Next: Raw read/write Functions, Prev: Directly-mapped Integer Functions, Up: FR-V Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.5.3 Directly-mapped Media Functions
+........................................
+
+The functions listed below map directly to FR-V M-type instructions.
+
+Function prototype Example usage Assembly output
+`uw1 __MABSHS (sw1)' `B = __MABSHS (A)' `MABSHS A,B'
+`void __MADDACCS (acc, acc)' `__MADDACCS (B, A)' `MADDACCS A,B'
+`sw1 __MADDHSS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __MADDHSS (A, B)' `MADDHSS A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MADDHUS (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MADDHUS (A, B)' `MADDHUS A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MAND (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MAND (A, B)' `MAND A,B,C'
+`void __MASACCS (acc, acc)' `__MASACCS (B, A)' `MASACCS A,B'
+`uw1 __MAVEH (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MAVEH (A, B)' `MAVEH A,B,C'
+`uw2 __MBTOH (uw1)' `B = __MBTOH (A)' `MBTOH A,B'
+`void __MBTOHE (uw1 *, uw1)' `__MBTOHE (&B, A)' `MBTOHE A,B'
+`void __MCLRACC (acc)' `__MCLRACC (A)' `MCLRACC A'
+`void __MCLRACCA (void)' `__MCLRACCA ()' `MCLRACCA'
+`uw1 __Mcop1 (uw1, uw1)' `C = __Mcop1 (A, B)' `Mcop1 A,B,C'
+`uw1 __Mcop2 (uw1, uw1)' `C = __Mcop2 (A, B)' `Mcop2 A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MCPLHI (uw2, const)' `C = __MCPLHI (A, B)' `MCPLHI A,#B,C'
+`uw1 __MCPLI (uw2, const)' `C = __MCPLI (A, B)' `MCPLI A,#B,C'
+`void __MCPXIS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MCPXIS (C, A, B)' `MCPXIS A,B,C'
+`void __MCPXIU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MCPXIU (C, A, B)' `MCPXIU A,B,C'
+`void __MCPXRS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MCPXRS (C, A, B)' `MCPXRS A,B,C'
+`void __MCPXRU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MCPXRU (C, A, B)' `MCPXRU A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MCUT (acc, uw1)' `C = __MCUT (A, B)' `MCUT A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MCUTSS (acc, sw1)' `C = __MCUTSS (A, B)' `MCUTSS A,B,C'
+`void __MDADDACCS (acc, acc)' `__MDADDACCS (B, A)' `MDADDACCS A,B'
+`void __MDASACCS (acc, acc)' `__MDASACCS (B, A)' `MDASACCS A,B'
+`uw2 __MDCUTSSI (acc, const)' `C = __MDCUTSSI (A, B)' `MDCUTSSI A,#B,C'
+`uw2 __MDPACKH (uw2, uw2)' `C = __MDPACKH (A, B)' `MDPACKH A,B,C'
+`uw2 __MDROTLI (uw2, const)' `C = __MDROTLI (A, B)' `MDROTLI A,#B,C'
+`void __MDSUBACCS (acc, acc)' `__MDSUBACCS (B, A)' `MDSUBACCS A,B'
+`void __MDUNPACKH (uw1 *, uw2)' `__MDUNPACKH (&B, A)' `MDUNPACKH A,B'
+`uw2 __MEXPDHD (uw1, const)' `C = __MEXPDHD (A, B)' `MEXPDHD A,#B,C'
+`uw1 __MEXPDHW (uw1, const)' `C = __MEXPDHW (A, B)' `MEXPDHW A,#B,C'
+`uw1 __MHDSETH (uw1, const)' `C = __MHDSETH (A, B)' `MHDSETH A,#B,C'
+`sw1 __MHDSETS (const)' `B = __MHDSETS (A)' `MHDSETS #A,B'
+`uw1 __MHSETHIH (uw1, const)' `B = __MHSETHIH (B, A)' `MHSETHIH #A,B'
+`sw1 __MHSETHIS (sw1, const)' `B = __MHSETHIS (B, A)' `MHSETHIS #A,B'
+`uw1 __MHSETLOH (uw1, const)' `B = __MHSETLOH (B, A)' `MHSETLOH #A,B'
+`sw1 __MHSETLOS (sw1, const)' `B = __MHSETLOS (B, A)' `MHSETLOS #A,B'
+`uw1 __MHTOB (uw2)' `B = __MHTOB (A)' `MHTOB A,B'
+`void __MMACHS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MMACHS (C, A, B)' `MMACHS A,B,C'
+`void __MMACHU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MMACHU (C, A, B)' `MMACHU A,B,C'
+`void __MMRDHS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MMRDHS (C, A, B)' `MMRDHS A,B,C'
+`void __MMRDHU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MMRDHU (C, A, B)' `MMRDHU A,B,C'
+`void __MMULHS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MMULHS (C, A, B)' `MMULHS A,B,C'
+`void __MMULHU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MMULHU (C, A, B)' `MMULHU A,B,C'
+`void __MMULXHS (acc, sw1, sw1)' `__MMULXHS (C, A, B)' `MMULXHS A,B,C'
+`void __MMULXHU (acc, uw1, uw1)' `__MMULXHU (C, A, B)' `MMULXHU A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MNOT (uw1)' `B = __MNOT (A)' `MNOT A,B'
+`uw1 __MOR (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MOR (A, B)' `MOR A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MPACKH (uh, uh)' `C = __MPACKH (A, B)' `MPACKH A,B,C'
+`sw2 __MQADDHSS (sw2, sw2)' `C = __MQADDHSS (A, B)' `MQADDHSS A,B,C'
+`uw2 __MQADDHUS (uw2, uw2)' `C = __MQADDHUS (A, B)' `MQADDHUS A,B,C'
+`void __MQCPXIS (acc, sw2, sw2)' `__MQCPXIS (C, A, B)' `MQCPXIS A,B,C'
+`void __MQCPXIU (acc, uw2, uw2)' `__MQCPXIU (C, A, B)' `MQCPXIU A,B,C'
+`void __MQCPXRS (acc, sw2, sw2)' `__MQCPXRS (C, A, B)' `MQCPXRS A,B,C'
+`void __MQCPXRU (acc, uw2, uw2)' `__MQCPXRU (C, A, B)' `MQCPXRU A,B,C'
+`sw2 __MQLCLRHS (sw2, sw2)' `C = __MQLCLRHS (A, B)' `MQLCLRHS A,B,C'
+`sw2 __MQLMTHS (sw2, sw2)' `C = __MQLMTHS (A, B)' `MQLMTHS A,B,C'
+`void __MQMACHS (acc, sw2, sw2)' `__MQMACHS (C, A, B)' `MQMACHS A,B,C'
+`void __MQMACHU (acc, uw2, uw2)' `__MQMACHU (C, A, B)' `MQMACHU A,B,C'
+`void __MQMACXHS (acc, sw2, `__MQMACXHS (C, A, B)' `MQMACXHS A,B,C'
+sw2)'
+`void __MQMULHS (acc, sw2, sw2)' `__MQMULHS (C, A, B)' `MQMULHS A,B,C'
+`void __MQMULHU (acc, uw2, uw2)' `__MQMULHU (C, A, B)' `MQMULHU A,B,C'
+`void __MQMULXHS (acc, sw2, `__MQMULXHS (C, A, B)' `MQMULXHS A,B,C'
+sw2)'
+`void __MQMULXHU (acc, uw2, `__MQMULXHU (C, A, B)' `MQMULXHU A,B,C'
+uw2)'
+`sw2 __MQSATHS (sw2, sw2)' `C = __MQSATHS (A, B)' `MQSATHS A,B,C'
+`uw2 __MQSLLHI (uw2, int)' `C = __MQSLLHI (A, B)' `MQSLLHI A,B,C'
+`sw2 __MQSRAHI (sw2, int)' `C = __MQSRAHI (A, B)' `MQSRAHI A,B,C'
+`sw2 __MQSUBHSS (sw2, sw2)' `C = __MQSUBHSS (A, B)' `MQSUBHSS A,B,C'
+`uw2 __MQSUBHUS (uw2, uw2)' `C = __MQSUBHUS (A, B)' `MQSUBHUS A,B,C'
+`void __MQXMACHS (acc, sw2, `__MQXMACHS (C, A, B)' `MQXMACHS A,B,C'
+sw2)'
+`void __MQXMACXHS (acc, sw2, `__MQXMACXHS (C, A, B)' `MQXMACXHS A,B,C'
+sw2)'
+`uw1 __MRDACC (acc)' `B = __MRDACC (A)' `MRDACC A,B'
+`uw1 __MRDACCG (acc)' `B = __MRDACCG (A)' `MRDACCG A,B'
+`uw1 __MROTLI (uw1, const)' `C = __MROTLI (A, B)' `MROTLI A,#B,C'
+`uw1 __MROTRI (uw1, const)' `C = __MROTRI (A, B)' `MROTRI A,#B,C'
+`sw1 __MSATHS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __MSATHS (A, B)' `MSATHS A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MSATHU (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MSATHU (A, B)' `MSATHU A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MSLLHI (uw1, const)' `C = __MSLLHI (A, B)' `MSLLHI A,#B,C'
+`sw1 __MSRAHI (sw1, const)' `C = __MSRAHI (A, B)' `MSRAHI A,#B,C'
+`uw1 __MSRLHI (uw1, const)' `C = __MSRLHI (A, B)' `MSRLHI A,#B,C'
+`void __MSUBACCS (acc, acc)' `__MSUBACCS (B, A)' `MSUBACCS A,B'
+`sw1 __MSUBHSS (sw1, sw1)' `C = __MSUBHSS (A, B)' `MSUBHSS A,B,C'
+`uw1 __MSUBHUS (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MSUBHUS (A, B)' `MSUBHUS A,B,C'
+`void __MTRAP (void)' `__MTRAP ()' `MTRAP'
+`uw2 __MUNPACKH (uw1)' `B = __MUNPACKH (A)' `MUNPACKH A,B'
+`uw1 __MWCUT (uw2, uw1)' `C = __MWCUT (A, B)' `MWCUT A,B,C'
+`void __MWTACC (acc, uw1)' `__MWTACC (B, A)' `MWTACC A,B'
+`void __MWTACCG (acc, uw1)' `__MWTACCG (B, A)' `MWTACCG A,B'
+`uw1 __MXOR (uw1, uw1)' `C = __MXOR (A, B)' `MXOR A,B,C'
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Raw read/write Functions, Next: Other Built-in Functions, Prev: Directly-mapped Media Functions, Up: FR-V Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.5.4 Raw read/write Functions
+.................................
+
+This sections describes built-in functions related to read and write
+instructions to access memory. These functions generate `membar'
+instructions to flush the I/O load and stores where appropriate, as
+described in Fujitsu's manual described above.
+
+`unsigned char __builtin_read8 (void *DATA)'
+
+`unsigned short __builtin_read16 (void *DATA)'
+
+`unsigned long __builtin_read32 (void *DATA)'
+
+`unsigned long long __builtin_read64 (void *DATA)'
+
+`void __builtin_write8 (void *DATA, unsigned char DATUM)'
+
+`void __builtin_write16 (void *DATA, unsigned short DATUM)'
+
+`void __builtin_write32 (void *DATA, unsigned long DATUM)'
+
+`void __builtin_write64 (void *DATA, unsigned long long DATUM)'
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Other Built-in Functions, Prev: Raw read/write Functions, Up: FR-V Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.5.5 Other Built-in Functions
+.................................
+
+This section describes built-in functions that are not named after a
+specific FR-V instruction.
+
+`sw2 __IACCreadll (iacc REG)'
+ Return the full 64-bit value of IACC0. The REG argument is
+ reserved for future expansion and must be 0.
+
+`sw1 __IACCreadl (iacc REG)'
+ Return the value of IACC0H if REG is 0 and IACC0L if REG is 1.
+ Other values of REG are rejected as invalid.
+
+`void __IACCsetll (iacc REG, sw2 X)'
+ Set the full 64-bit value of IACC0 to X. The REG argument is
+ reserved for future expansion and must be 0.
+
+`void __IACCsetl (iacc REG, sw1 X)'
+ Set IACC0H to X if REG is 0 and IACC0L to X if REG is 1. Other
+ values of REG are rejected as invalid.
+
+`void __data_prefetch0 (const void *X)'
+ Use the `dcpl' instruction to load the contents of address X into
+ the data cache.
+
+`void __data_prefetch (const void *X)'
+ Use the `nldub' instruction to load the contents of address X into
+ the data cache. The instruction will be issued in slot I1.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: X86 Built-in Functions, Next: MIPS DSP Built-in Functions, Prev: FR-V Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.6 X86 Built-in Functions
+-----------------------------
+
+These built-in functions are available for the i386 and x86-64 family
+of computers, depending on the command-line switches used.
+
+ Note that, if you specify command-line switches such as `-msse', the
+compiler could use the extended instruction sets even if the built-ins
+are not used explicitly in the program. For this reason, applications
+which perform runtime CPU detection must compile separate files for each
+supported architecture, using the appropriate flags. In particular,
+the file containing the CPU detection code should be compiled without
+these options.
+
+ The following machine modes are available for use with MMX built-in
+functions (*note Vector Extensions::): `V2SI' for a vector of two
+32-bit integers, `V4HI' for a vector of four 16-bit integers, and
+`V8QI' for a vector of eight 8-bit integers. Some of the built-in
+functions operate on MMX registers as a whole 64-bit entity, these use
+`V1DI' as their mode.
+
+ If 3Dnow extensions are enabled, `V2SF' is used as a mode for a vector
+of two 32-bit floating point values.
+
+ If SSE extensions are enabled, `V4SF' is used for a vector of four
+32-bit floating point values. Some instructions use a vector of four
+32-bit integers, these use `V4SI'. Finally, some instructions operate
+on an entire vector register, interpreting it as a 128-bit integer,
+these use mode `TI'.
+
+ In 64-bit mode, the x86-64 family of processors uses additional
+built-in functions for efficient use of `TF' (`__float128') 128-bit
+floating point and `TC' 128-bit complex floating point values.
+
+ The following floating point built-in functions are available in 64-bit
+mode. All of them implement the function that is part of the name.
+
+ __float128 __builtin_fabsq (__float128)
+ __float128 __builtin_copysignq (__float128, __float128)
+
+ The following floating point built-in functions are made available in
+the 64-bit mode.
+
+`__float128 __builtin_infq (void)'
+ Similar to `__builtin_inf', except the return type is `__float128'.
+
+ The following built-in functions are made available by `-mmmx'. All
+of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_paddb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_paddw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_paddd (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_psubb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psubw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psubd (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_paddsb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_paddsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_psubsb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psubsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_paddusb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_paddusw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_psubusb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psubusw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmullw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ di __builtin_ia32_pand (di, di)
+ di __builtin_ia32_pandn (di,di)
+ di __builtin_ia32_por (di, di)
+ di __builtin_ia32_pxor (di, di)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqd (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtd (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_punpckhbw (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_punpckhwd (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_punpckhdq (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_punpcklbw (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_punpcklwd (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_punpckldq (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_packsswb (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_packssdw (v2si, v2si)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_packuswb (v4hi, v4hi)
+
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psllw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pslld (v2si, v2si)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_psllq (v1di, v1di)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psrlw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psrld (v2si, v2si)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_psrlq (v1di, v1di)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psraw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psrad (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psllwi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pslldi (v2si, int)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_psllqi (v1di, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psrlwi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psrldi (v2si, int)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_psrlqi (v1di, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psrawi (v4hi, int)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psradi (v2si, int)
+
+ The following built-in functions are made available either with
+`-msse', or with a combination of `-m3dnow' and `-march=athlon'. All
+of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhuw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pavgb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pavgw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_psadbw (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pmaxub (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmaxsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pminub (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pminsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pextrw (v4hi, int)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pinsrw (v4hi, int, int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pmovmskb (v8qi)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskmovq (v8qi, v8qi, char *)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntq (di *, di)
+ void __builtin_ia32_sfence (void)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ int __builtin_ia32_comieq (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comineq (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comilt (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comile (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comigt (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comige (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomieq (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomineq (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomilt (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomile (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomigt (v4sf, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomige (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_addps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_subps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_mulps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_divps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_addss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_subss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_mulss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_divss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpeqps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpltps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpleps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpgtps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpgeps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpunordps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpneqps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpnltps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpnleps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpngtps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpngeps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpordps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpeqss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpltss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpless (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpunordss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpneqss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpnlts (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpnless (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cmpordss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_maxps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_maxss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_minps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_minss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_andps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_andnps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_orps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_xorps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_movss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_movhlps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_movlhps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_unpckhps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_unpcklps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtpi2ps (v4sf, v2si)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtsi2ss (v4sf, int)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_cvtps2pi (v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_cvtss2si (v4sf)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_cvttps2pi (v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_cvttss2si (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_rcpps (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_rsqrtps (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_sqrtps (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_rcpss (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_rsqrtss (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_sqrtss (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_shufps (v4sf, v4sf, int)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntps (float *, v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_movmskps (v4sf)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse' is used.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_loadaps (float *)'
+ Generates the `movaps' machine instruction as a load from memory.
+
+`void __builtin_ia32_storeaps (float *, v4sf)'
+ Generates the `movaps' machine instruction as a store to memory.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_loadups (float *)'
+ Generates the `movups' machine instruction as a load from memory.
+
+`void __builtin_ia32_storeups (float *, v4sf)'
+ Generates the `movups' machine instruction as a store to memory.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_loadsss (float *)'
+ Generates the `movss' machine instruction as a load from memory.
+
+`void __builtin_ia32_storess (float *, v4sf)'
+ Generates the `movss' machine instruction as a store to memory.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_loadhps (v4sf, const v2sf *)'
+ Generates the `movhps' machine instruction as a load from memory.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_loadlps (v4sf, const v2sf *)'
+ Generates the `movlps' machine instruction as a load from memory
+
+`void __builtin_ia32_storehps (v2sf *, v4sf)'
+ Generates the `movhps' machine instruction as a store to memory.
+
+`void __builtin_ia32_storelps (v2sf *, v4sf)'
+ Generates the `movlps' machine instruction as a store to memory.
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse2' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdeq (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdlt (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdle (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdgt (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdge (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_comisdneq (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdeq (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdlt (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdle (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdgt (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdge (v2df, v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ucomisdneq (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpeqpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpltpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmplepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpgtpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpgepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpunordpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpneqpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpnltpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpnlepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpngtpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpngepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpordpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpeqsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpltsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmplesd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpunordsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpneqsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpnltsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpnlesd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpordsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_paddq (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psubq (v2di, v2di)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_addpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_subpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_mulpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_divpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_addsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_subsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_mulsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_divsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_minpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_maxpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_minsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_maxsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_andpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_andnpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_orpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_xorpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_movsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_unpckhpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_unpcklpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_paddb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_paddw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_paddd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_paddq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_psubb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psubw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psubd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psubq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmullw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pand128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pandn128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_por128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pxor128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pavgb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pavgw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pmaxub128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmaxsw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pminub128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pminsw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_punpckhbw128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_punpckhwd128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_punpckhdq128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_punpckhqdq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_punpcklbw128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_punpcklwd128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_punpckldq128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_punpcklqdq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_packsswb128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_packssdw128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_packuswb128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhuw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskmovdqu (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_loadupd (double *)
+ void __builtin_ia32_storeupd (double *, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_loadhpd (v2df, double const *)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_loadlpd (v2df, double const *)
+ int __builtin_ia32_movmskpd (v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pmovmskb128 (v16qi)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movnti (int *, int)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntpd (double *, v2df)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntdq (v2df *, v2df)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pshufd (v4si, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pshuflw (v8hi, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pshufhw (v8hi, int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psadbw128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_sqrtpd (v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_sqrtsd (v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_shufpd (v2df, v2df, int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtdq2pd (v4si)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtdq2ps (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvtpd2dq (v2df)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_cvtpd2pi (v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtpd2ps (v2df)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvttpd2dq (v2df)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_cvttpd2pi (v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtpi2pd (v2si)
+ int __builtin_ia32_cvtsd2si (v2df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_cvttsd2si (v2df)
+ long long __builtin_ia32_cvtsd2si64 (v2df)
+ long long __builtin_ia32_cvttsd2si64 (v2df)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvtps2dq (v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtps2pd (v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvttps2dq (v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtsi2sd (v2df, int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtsi642sd (v2df, long long)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtsd2ss (v4sf, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cvtss2sd (v2df, v4sf)
+ void __builtin_ia32_clflush (const void *)
+ void __builtin_ia32_lfence (void)
+ void __builtin_ia32_mfence (void)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_loaddqu (const char *)
+ void __builtin_ia32_storedqu (char *, v16qi)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_pmuludq (v2si, v2si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmuludq128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psllw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pslld128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psllq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psrlw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psrld128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psrlq128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psraw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psrad128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pslldqi128 (v2di, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psllwi128 (v8hi, int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pslldi128 (v4si, int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psllqi128 (v2di, int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psrldqi128 (v2di, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psrlwi128 (v8hi, int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psrldi128 (v4si, int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_psrlqi128 (v2di, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psrawi128 (v8hi, int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psradi128 (v4si, int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmaddwd128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_movq128 (v2di)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse3' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_addsubpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_addsubps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_haddpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_haddps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_hsubpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_hsubps (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_lddqu (char const *)
+ void __builtin_ia32_monitor (void *, unsigned int, unsigned int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_movddup (v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_movshdup (v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_movsldup (v4sf)
+ void __builtin_ia32_mwait (unsigned int, unsigned int)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse3' is used.
+
+`v2df __builtin_ia32_loadddup (double const *)'
+ Generates the `movddup' machine instruction as a load from memory.
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-mssse3' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name
+with MMX registers.
+
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_phaddd (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_phaddw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_phaddsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_phsubd (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_phsubw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_phsubsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmaddubsw (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhrsw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pshufb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_psignb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_psignd (v2si, v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_psignw (v4hi, v4hi)
+ v1di __builtin_ia32_palignr (v1di, v1di, int)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pabsb (v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pabsd (v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pabsw (v4hi)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-mssse3' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name
+with SSE registers.
+
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phaddd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phaddw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phaddsw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phsubd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phsubw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phsubsw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmaddubsw128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhrsw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pshufb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_psignb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_psignd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_psignw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_palignr128 (v2di, v2di, int)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pabsb128 (v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pabsd128 (v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pabsw128 (v8hi)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse4.1' is
+used. All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the
+name.
+
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_blendpd (v2df, v2df, const int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_blendps (v4sf, v4sf, const int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_blendvpd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_blendvps (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_dppd (v2df, v2df, const int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_dpps (v4sf, v4sf, const int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_insertps128 (v4sf, v4sf, const int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_movntdqa (v2di *);
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_mpsadbw128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_packusdw128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pblendvb128 (v16qi, v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pblendw128 (v8hi, v8hi, const int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcmpeqq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phminposuw128 (v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pmaxsb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmaxsd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmaxud128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmaxuw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pminsb128 (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pminsd128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pminud128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pminuw128 (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmovsxbd128 (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovsxbq128 (v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmovsxbw128 (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovsxdq128 (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmovsxwd128 (v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovsxwq128 (v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmovzxbd128 (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovzxbq128 (v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmovzxbw128 (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovzxdq128 (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmovzxwd128 (v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmovzxwq128 (v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmuldq128 (v4si, v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmulld128 (v4si, v4si)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestc128 (v2di, v2di)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestnzc128 (v2di, v2di)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestz128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_roundpd (v2df, const int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_roundps (v4sf, const int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_roundsd (v2df, v2df, const int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_roundss (v4sf, v4sf, const int)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse4.1' is used.
+
+`v4sf __builtin_ia32_vec_set_v4sf (v4sf, float, const int)'
+ Generates the `insertps' machine instruction.
+
+`int __builtin_ia32_vec_ext_v16qi (v16qi, const int)'
+ Generates the `pextrb' machine instruction.
+
+`v16qi __builtin_ia32_vec_set_v16qi (v16qi, int, const int)'
+ Generates the `pinsrb' machine instruction.
+
+`v4si __builtin_ia32_vec_set_v4si (v4si, int, const int)'
+ Generates the `pinsrd' machine instruction.
+
+`v2di __builtin_ia32_vec_set_v2di (v2di, long long, const int)'
+ Generates the `pinsrq' machine instruction in 64bit mode.
+
+ The following built-in functions are changed to generate new SSE4.1
+instructions when `-msse4.1' is used.
+
+`float __builtin_ia32_vec_ext_v4sf (v4sf, const int)'
+ Generates the `extractps' machine instruction.
+
+`int __builtin_ia32_vec_ext_v4si (v4si, const int)'
+ Generates the `pextrd' machine instruction.
+
+`long long __builtin_ia32_vec_ext_v2di (v2di, const int)'
+ Generates the `pextrq' machine instruction in 64bit mode.
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse4.2' is
+used. All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the
+name.
+
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpestrm128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestri128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestria128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestric128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestrio128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestris128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpestriz128 (v16qi, int, v16qi, int, const int)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcmpistrm128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistri128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistria128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistric128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistrio128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistris128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ int __builtin_ia32_pcmpistriz128 (v16qi, v16qi, const int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcmpgtq (v2di, v2di)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse4.2' is used.
+
+`unsigned int __builtin_ia32_crc32qi (unsigned int, unsigned char)'
+ Generates the `crc32b' machine instruction.
+
+`unsigned int __builtin_ia32_crc32hi (unsigned int, unsigned short)'
+ Generates the `crc32w' machine instruction.
+
+`unsigned int __builtin_ia32_crc32si (unsigned int, unsigned int)'
+ Generates the `crc32l' machine instruction.
+
+`unsigned long long __builtin_ia32_crc32di (unsigned long long, unsigned long long)'
+ Generates the `crc32q' machine instruction.
+
+ The following built-in functions are changed to generate new SSE4.2
+instructions when `-msse4.2' is used.
+
+`int __builtin_popcount (unsigned int)'
+ Generates the `popcntl' machine instruction.
+
+`int __builtin_popcountl (unsigned long)'
+ Generates the `popcntl' or `popcntq' machine instruction,
+ depending on the size of `unsigned long'.
+
+`int __builtin_popcountll (unsigned long long)'
+ Generates the `popcntq' machine instruction.
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-mavx' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_addpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_addps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_addsubpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_addsubps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_andnpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_andnps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_andpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_andps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_blendpd256 (v4df,v4df,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_blendps256 (v8sf,v8sf,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_blendvpd256 (v4df,v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_blendvps256 (v8sf,v8sf,v8sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmppd (v2df,v2df,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_cmppd256 (v4df,v4df,int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cmpps (v4sf,v4sf,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_cmpps256 (v8sf,v8sf,int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_cmpsd (v2df,v2df,int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cmpss (v4sf,v4sf,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_cvtdq2pd256 (v4si)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_cvtdq2ps256 (v8si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvtpd2dq256 (v4df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_cvtpd2ps256 (v4df)
+ v8si __builtin_ia32_cvtps2dq256 (v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_cvtps2pd256 (v4sf)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_cvttpd2dq256 (v4df)
+ v8si __builtin_ia32_cvttps2dq256 (v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_divpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_divps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_dpps256 (v8sf,v8sf,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_haddpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_haddps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_hsubpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_hsubps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v32qi __builtin_ia32_lddqu256 (pcchar)
+ v32qi __builtin_ia32_loaddqu256 (pcchar)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_loadupd256 (pcdouble)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_loadups256 (pcfloat)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_maskloadpd (pcv2df,v2df)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_maskloadpd256 (pcv4df,v4df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_maskloadps (pcv4sf,v4sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_maskloadps256 (pcv8sf,v8sf)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskstorepd (pv2df,v2df,v2df)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskstorepd256 (pv4df,v4df,v4df)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskstoreps (pv4sf,v4sf,v4sf)
+ void __builtin_ia32_maskstoreps256 (pv8sf,v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_maxpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_maxps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_minpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_minps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_movddup256 (v4df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_movmskpd256 (v4df)
+ int __builtin_ia32_movmskps256 (v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_movshdup256 (v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_movsldup256 (v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_mulpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_mulps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_orpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_orps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_pd_pd256 (v4df)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_pd256_pd (v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_ps_ps256 (v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_ps256_ps (v4sf)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestc256 (v4di,v4di,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestnzc256 (v4di,v4di,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_ptestz256 (v4di,v4di,ptest)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_rcpps256 (v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_roundpd256 (v4df,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_roundps256 (v8sf,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_rsqrtps_nr256 (v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_rsqrtps256 (v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_shufpd256 (v4df,v4df,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_shufps256 (v8sf,v8sf,int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_si_si256 (v8si)
+ v8si __builtin_ia32_si256_si (v4si)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_sqrtpd256 (v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_sqrtps_nr256 (v8sf)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_sqrtps256 (v8sf)
+ void __builtin_ia32_storedqu256 (pchar,v32qi)
+ void __builtin_ia32_storeupd256 (pdouble,v4df)
+ void __builtin_ia32_storeups256 (pfloat,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_subpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_subps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_unpckhpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_unpckhps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_unpcklpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_unpcklps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vbroadcastf128_pd256 (pcv2df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vbroadcastf128_ps256 (pcv4sf)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vbroadcastsd256 (pcdouble)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_vbroadcastss (pcfloat)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vbroadcastss256 (pcfloat)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_vextractf128_pd256 (v4df,int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_vextractf128_ps256 (v8sf,int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_vextractf128_si256 (v8si,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vinsertf128_pd256 (v4df,v2df,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vinsertf128_ps256 (v8sf,v4sf,int)
+ v8si __builtin_ia32_vinsertf128_si256 (v8si,v4si,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vperm2f128_pd256 (v4df,v4df,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vperm2f128_ps256 (v8sf,v8sf,int)
+ v8si __builtin_ia32_vperm2f128_si256 (v8si,v8si,int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_vpermil2pd (v2df,v2df,v2di,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vpermil2pd256 (v4df,v4df,v4di,int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_vpermil2ps (v4sf,v4sf,v4si,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vpermil2ps256 (v8sf,v8sf,v8si,int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_vpermilpd (v2df,int)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vpermilpd256 (v4df,int)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_vpermilps (v4sf,int)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vpermilps256 (v8sf,int)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_vpermilvarpd (v2df,v2di)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_vpermilvarpd256 (v4df,v4di)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_vpermilvarps (v4sf,v4si)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_vpermilvarps256 (v8sf,v8si)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestcpd (v2df,v2df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestcpd256 (v4df,v4df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestcps (v4sf,v4sf,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestcps256 (v8sf,v8sf,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestnzcpd (v2df,v2df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestnzcpd256 (v4df,v4df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestnzcps (v4sf,v4sf,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestnzcps256 (v8sf,v8sf,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestzpd (v2df,v2df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestzpd256 (v4df,v4df,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestzps (v4sf,v4sf,ptest)
+ int __builtin_ia32_vtestzps256 (v8sf,v8sf,ptest)
+ void __builtin_ia32_vzeroall (void)
+ void __builtin_ia32_vzeroupper (void)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_xorpd256 (v4df,v4df)
+ v8sf __builtin_ia32_xorps256 (v8sf,v8sf)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-maes' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aesenc128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aesenclast128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aesdec128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aesdeclast128 (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aeskeygenassist128 (v2di, const int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_aesimc128 (v2di)
+
+ The following built-in function is available when `-mpclmul' is used.
+
+`v2di __builtin_ia32_pclmulqdq128 (v2di, v2di, const int)'
+ Generates the `pclmulqdq' machine instruction.
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse4a' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntsd (double *, v2df)
+ void __builtin_ia32_movntss (float *, v4sf)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_extrq (v2di, v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_extrqi (v2di, const unsigned int, const unsigned int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_insertq (v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_insertqi (v2di, v2di, const unsigned int, const unsigned int)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-msse5' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name
+with MMX registers.
+
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comeqpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comeqps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comeqsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comeqss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comfalsepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comfalseps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comfalsesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comfalsess (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comgepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comgeps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comgesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comgess (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comgtpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comgtps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comgtsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comgtss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comlepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comleps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comlesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comless (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comltpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comltps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comltsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comltss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comnepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comneps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comnesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comness (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comordpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comordps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comordsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comordss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comtruepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comtrueps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comtruesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comtruess (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comueqpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comueqps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comueqsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comueqss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comugepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comugeps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comugesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comugess (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comugtpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comugtps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comugtsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comugtss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comulepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comuleps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comulesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comuless (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comultpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comultps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comultsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comultss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comunepd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comuneps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comunesd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comuness (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comunordpd (v2df, v2df)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_comunordps (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comunordsd (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_comunordss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fmaddpd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fmaddps (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fmaddsd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fmaddss (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fmsubpd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fmsubps (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fmsubsd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fmsubss (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fnmaddpd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fnmaddps (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fnmaddsd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fnmaddss (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fnmsubpd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fnmsubps (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_fnmsubsd (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_fnmsubss (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_frczpd (v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_frczps (v4sf)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_frczsd (v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_frczss (v4sf, v4sf)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcmov (v2di, v2di, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v2di (v2di, v2di, v2di)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v4si (v4si, v4si, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v8hi (v8hi, v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v16qi (v16qi, v16qi, v16qi)
+ v2df __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v2df (v2df, v2df, v2df)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_pcmov_v4sf (v4sf, v4sf, v4sf)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomeqb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomeqw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomeqd (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomeqq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomequb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomequd (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomequq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomequw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomeqw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomfalsed (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomfalseuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomfalsew (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomgeb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomged (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomgeq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomgeub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomgeud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomgeuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomgeuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomgew (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomgtb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomgtd (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomgtq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomgtub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomgtud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomgtuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomgtuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomgtw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomleb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomled (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomleq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomleub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomleud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomleuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomleuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomlew (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomltb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomltd (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomltq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomltub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomltud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomltuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomltuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomltw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomneb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomned (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomneq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomneub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomneud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomneuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomneuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomnew (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomtrued (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueq (v2di, v2di)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueub (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueud (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueuq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomtrueuw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pcomtruew (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4df __builtin_ia32_permpd (v2df, v2df, v16qi)
+ v4sf __builtin_ia32_permps (v4sf, v4sf, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phaddbd (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phaddbq (v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phaddbw (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phadddq (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phaddubd (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phaddubq (v16qi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phaddubw (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phaddudq (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phadduwd (v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phadduwq (v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phaddwd (v8hi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phaddwq (v8hi)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_phsubbw (v16qi)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_phsubdq (v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_phsubwd (v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmacsdd (v4si, v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmacsdqh (v4si, v4si, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmacsdql (v4si, v4si, v2di)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmacssdd (v4si, v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmacssdqh (v4si, v4si, v2di)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pmacssdql (v4si, v4si, v2di)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmacsswd (v8hi, v8hi, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmacssww (v8hi, v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmacswd (v8hi, v8hi, v4si)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pmacsww (v8hi, v8hi, v8hi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmadcsswd (v8hi, v8hi, v4si)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pmadcswd (v8hi, v8hi, v4si)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pperm (v16qi, v16qi, v16qi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_protb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_protd (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_protq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_protw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pshab (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pshad (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pshaq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pshaw (v8hi, v8hi)
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_pshlb (v16qi, v16qi)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_pshld (v4si, v4si)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_pshlq (v2di, v2di)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_pshlw (v8hi, v8hi)
+
+ The following builtin-in functions are available when `-msse5' is
+used. The second argument must be an integer constant and generate the
+machine instruction that is part of the name with the `_imm' suffix
+removed.
+
+ v16qi __builtin_ia32_protb_imm (v16qi, int)
+ v4si __builtin_ia32_protd_imm (v4si, int)
+ v2di __builtin_ia32_protq_imm (v2di, int)
+ v8hi __builtin_ia32_protw_imm (v8hi, int)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when `-m3dnow' is used.
+All of them generate the machine instruction that is part of the name.
+
+ void __builtin_ia32_femms (void)
+ v8qi __builtin_ia32_pavgusb (v8qi, v8qi)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pf2id (v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfacc (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfadd (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pfcmpeq (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pfcmpge (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pfcmpgt (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfmax (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfmin (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfmul (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfrcp (v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfrcpit1 (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfrcpit2 (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfrsqrt (v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfrsqrtit1 (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfsub (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfsubr (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pi2fd (v2si)
+ v4hi __builtin_ia32_pmulhrw (v4hi, v4hi)
+
+ The following built-in functions are available when both `-m3dnow' and
+`-march=athlon' are used. All of them generate the machine instruction
+that is part of the name.
+
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pf2iw (v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfnacc (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pfpnacc (v2sf, v2sf)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pi2fw (v2si)
+ v2sf __builtin_ia32_pswapdsf (v2sf)
+ v2si __builtin_ia32_pswapdsi (v2si)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MIPS DSP Built-in Functions, Next: MIPS Paired-Single Support, Prev: X86 Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.7 MIPS DSP Built-in Functions
+----------------------------------
+
+The MIPS DSP Application-Specific Extension (ASE) includes new
+instructions that are designed to improve the performance of DSP and
+media applications. It provides instructions that operate on packed
+8-bit/16-bit integer data, Q7, Q15 and Q31 fractional data.
+
+ GCC supports MIPS DSP operations using both the generic vector
+extensions (*note Vector Extensions::) and a collection of
+MIPS-specific built-in functions. Both kinds of support are enabled by
+the `-mdsp' command-line option.
+
+ Revision 2 of the ASE was introduced in the second half of 2006. This
+revision adds extra instructions to the original ASE, but is otherwise
+backwards-compatible with it. You can select revision 2 using the
+command-line option `-mdspr2'; this option implies `-mdsp'.
+
+ The SCOUNT and POS bits of the DSP control register are global. The
+WRDSP, EXTPDP, EXTPDPV and MTHLIP instructions modify the SCOUNT and
+POS bits. During optimization, the compiler will not delete these
+instructions and it will not delete calls to functions containing these
+instructions.
+
+ At present, GCC only provides support for operations on 32-bit
+vectors. The vector type associated with 8-bit integer data is usually
+called `v4i8', the vector type associated with Q7 is usually called
+`v4q7', the vector type associated with 16-bit integer data is usually
+called `v2i16', and the vector type associated with Q15 is usually
+called `v2q15'. They can be defined in C as follows:
+
+ typedef signed char v4i8 __attribute__ ((vector_size(4)));
+ typedef signed char v4q7 __attribute__ ((vector_size(4)));
+ typedef short v2i16 __attribute__ ((vector_size(4)));
+ typedef short v2q15 __attribute__ ((vector_size(4)));
+
+ `v4i8', `v4q7', `v2i16' and `v2q15' values are initialized in the same
+way as aggregates. For example:
+
+ v4i8 a = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+ v4i8 b;
+ b = (v4i8) {5, 6, 7, 8};
+
+ v2q15 c = {0x0fcb, 0x3a75};
+ v2q15 d;
+ d = (v2q15) {0.1234 * 0x1.0p15, 0.4567 * 0x1.0p15};
+
+ _Note:_ The CPU's endianness determines the order in which values are
+packed. On little-endian targets, the first value is the least
+significant and the last value is the most significant. The opposite
+order applies to big-endian targets. For example, the code above will
+set the lowest byte of `a' to `1' on little-endian targets and `4' on
+big-endian targets.
+
+ _Note:_ Q7, Q15 and Q31 values must be initialized with their integer
+representation. As shown in this example, the integer representation
+of a Q7 value can be obtained by multiplying the fractional value by
+`0x1.0p7'. The equivalent for Q15 values is to multiply by `0x1.0p15'.
+The equivalent for Q31 values is to multiply by `0x1.0p31'.
+
+ The table below lists the `v4i8' and `v2q15' operations for which
+hardware support exists. `a' and `b' are `v4i8' values, and `c' and
+`d' are `v2q15' values.
+
+C code MIPS instruction
+`a + b' `addu.qb'
+`c + d' `addq.ph'
+`a - b' `subu.qb'
+`c - d' `subq.ph'
+
+ The table below lists the `v2i16' operation for which hardware support
+exists for the DSP ASE REV 2. `e' and `f' are `v2i16' values.
+
+C code MIPS instruction
+`e * f' `mul.ph'
+
+ It is easier to describe the DSP built-in functions if we first define
+the following types:
+
+ typedef int q31;
+ typedef int i32;
+ typedef unsigned int ui32;
+ typedef long long a64;
+
+ `q31' and `i32' are actually the same as `int', but we use `q31' to
+indicate a Q31 fractional value and `i32' to indicate a 32-bit integer
+value. Similarly, `a64' is the same as `long long', but we use `a64'
+to indicate values that will be placed in one of the four DSP
+accumulators (`$ac0', `$ac1', `$ac2' or `$ac3').
+
+ Also, some built-in functions prefer or require immediate numbers as
+parameters, because the corresponding DSP instructions accept both
+immediate numbers and register operands, or accept immediate numbers
+only. The immediate parameters are listed as follows.
+
+ imm0_3: 0 to 3.
+ imm0_7: 0 to 7.
+ imm0_15: 0 to 15.
+ imm0_31: 0 to 31.
+ imm0_63: 0 to 63.
+ imm0_255: 0 to 255.
+ imm_n32_31: -32 to 31.
+ imm_n512_511: -512 to 511.
+
+ The following built-in functions map directly to a particular MIPS DSP
+instruction. Please refer to the architecture specification for
+details on what each instruction does.
+
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_addq_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_addq_s_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_addq_s_w (q31, q31)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_addu_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_addu_s_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_subq_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_subq_s_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_subq_s_w (q31, q31)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_subu_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_subu_s_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_addsc (i32, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_addwc (i32, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_modsub (i32, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_raddu_w_qb (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_absq_s_ph (v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_absq_s_w (q31)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_precrq_qb_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precrq_ph_w (q31, q31)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precrq_rs_ph_w (q31, q31)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_precrqu_s_qb_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_preceq_w_phl (v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_preceq_w_phr (v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precequ_ph_qbl (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precequ_ph_qbr (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precequ_ph_qbla (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_precequ_ph_qbra (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_preceu_ph_qbl (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_preceu_ph_qbr (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_preceu_ph_qbla (v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_preceu_ph_qbra (v4i8)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shll_qb (v4i8, imm0_7)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shll_qb (v4i8, i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shll_ph (v2q15, imm0_15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shll_ph (v2q15, i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shll_s_ph (v2q15, imm0_15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shll_s_ph (v2q15, i32)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_shll_s_w (q31, imm0_31)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_shll_s_w (q31, i32)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shrl_qb (v4i8, imm0_7)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shrl_qb (v4i8, i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shra_ph (v2q15, imm0_15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shra_ph (v2q15, i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shra_r_ph (v2q15, imm0_15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_shra_r_ph (v2q15, i32)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_shra_r_w (q31, imm0_31)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_shra_r_w (q31, i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_muleu_s_ph_qbl (v4i8, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_muleu_s_ph_qbr (v4i8, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_mulq_rs_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_muleq_s_w_phl (v2q15, v2q15)
+ q31 __builtin_mips_muleq_s_w_phr (v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpau_h_qbl (a64, v4i8, v4i8)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpau_h_qbr (a64, v4i8, v4i8)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsu_h_qbl (a64, v4i8, v4i8)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsu_h_qbr (a64, v4i8, v4i8)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpaq_s_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpaq_sa_l_w (a64, q31, q31)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsq_s_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsq_sa_l_w (a64, q31, q31)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_mulsaq_s_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_maq_s_w_phl (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_maq_s_w_phr (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_maq_sa_w_phl (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_maq_sa_w_phr (a64, v2q15, v2q15)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_bitrev (i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_insv (i32, i32)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_repl_qb (imm0_255)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_repl_qb (i32)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_repl_ph (imm_n512_511)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_repl_ph (i32)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmpu_eq_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmpu_lt_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmpu_le_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgu_eq_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgu_lt_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgu_le_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmp_eq_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmp_lt_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ void __builtin_mips_cmp_le_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_pick_qb (v4i8, v4i8)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_pick_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_packrl_ph (v2q15, v2q15)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_w (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_w (a64, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_r_w (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_s_h (a64, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_rs_w (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_rs_w (a64, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_s_h (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extr_r_w (a64, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extp (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extp (a64, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extpdp (a64, imm0_31)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_extpdp (a64, i32)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_shilo (a64, imm_n32_31)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_shilo (a64, i32)
+ a64 __builtin_mips_mthlip (a64, i32)
+ void __builtin_mips_wrdsp (i32, imm0_63)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_rddsp (imm0_63)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_lbux (void *, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_lhx (void *, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_lwx (void *, i32)
+ i32 __builtin_mips_bposge32 (void)
+
+ The following built-in functions map directly to a particular MIPS DSP
+REV 2 instruction. Please refer to the architecture specification for
+details on what each instruction does.
+
+ v4q7 __builtin_mips_absq_s_qb (v4q7);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_addu_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_addu_s_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_adduh_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_adduh_r_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_append (i32, i32, imm0_31);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_balign (i32, i32, imm0_3);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgdu_eq_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgdu_lt_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_cmpgdu_le_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpa_w_ph (a64, v2i16, v2i16);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dps_w_ph (a64, v2i16, v2i16);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_madd (a64, i32, i32);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_maddu (a64, ui32, ui32);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_msub (a64, i32, i32);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_msubu (a64, ui32, ui32);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_mul_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_mul_s_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_mulq_rs_w (q31, q31);
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_mulq_s_ph (v2q15, v2q15);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_mulq_s_w (q31, q31);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_mulsa_w_ph (a64, v2i16, v2i16);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_mult (i32, i32);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_multu (ui32, ui32);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_precr_qb_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_precr_sra_ph_w (i32, i32, imm0_31);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_precr_sra_r_ph_w (i32, i32, imm0_31);
+ i32 __builtin_mips_prepend (i32, i32, imm0_31);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shra_qb (v4i8, imm0_7);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shra_r_qb (v4i8, imm0_7);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shra_qb (v4i8, i32);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_shra_r_qb (v4i8, i32);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_shrl_ph (v2i16, imm0_15);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_shrl_ph (v2i16, i32);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_subu_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v2i16 __builtin_mips_subu_s_ph (v2i16, v2i16);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_subuh_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ v4i8 __builtin_mips_subuh_r_qb (v4i8, v4i8);
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_addqh_ph (v2q15, v2q15);
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_addqh_r_ph (v2q15, v2q15);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_addqh_w (q31, q31);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_addqh_r_w (q31, q31);
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_subqh_ph (v2q15, v2q15);
+ v2q15 __builtin_mips_subqh_r_ph (v2q15, v2q15);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_subqh_w (q31, q31);
+ q31 __builtin_mips_subqh_r_w (q31, q31);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpax_w_ph (a64, v2i16, v2i16);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsx_w_ph (a64, v2i16, v2i16);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpaqx_s_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpaqx_sa_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsqx_s_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15);
+ a64 __builtin_mips_dpsqx_sa_w_ph (a64, v2q15, v2q15);
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MIPS Paired-Single Support, Next: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions, Prev: MIPS DSP Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.8 MIPS Paired-Single Support
+---------------------------------
+
+The MIPS64 architecture includes a number of instructions that operate
+on pairs of single-precision floating-point values. Each pair is
+packed into a 64-bit floating-point register, with one element being
+designated the "upper half" and the other being designated the "lower
+half".
+
+ GCC supports paired-single operations using both the generic vector
+extensions (*note Vector Extensions::) and a collection of
+MIPS-specific built-in functions. Both kinds of support are enabled by
+the `-mpaired-single' command-line option.
+
+ The vector type associated with paired-single values is usually called
+`v2sf'. It can be defined in C as follows:
+
+ typedef float v2sf __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+
+ `v2sf' values are initialized in the same way as aggregates. For
+example:
+
+ v2sf a = {1.5, 9.1};
+ v2sf b;
+ float e, f;
+ b = (v2sf) {e, f};
+
+ _Note:_ The CPU's endianness determines which value is stored in the
+upper half of a register and which value is stored in the lower half.
+On little-endian targets, the first value is the lower one and the
+second value is the upper one. The opposite order applies to
+big-endian targets. For example, the code above will set the lower
+half of `a' to `1.5' on little-endian targets and `9.1' on big-endian
+targets.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions, Next: Other MIPS Built-in Functions, Prev: MIPS Paired-Single Support, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.9 MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions
+---------------------------------------
+
+GCC provides intrinsics to access the SIMD instructions provided by the
+ST Microelectronics Loongson-2E and -2F processors. These intrinsics,
+available after inclusion of the `loongson.h' header file, operate on
+the following 64-bit vector types:
+
+ * `uint8x8_t', a vector of eight unsigned 8-bit integers;
+
+ * `uint16x4_t', a vector of four unsigned 16-bit integers;
+
+ * `uint32x2_t', a vector of two unsigned 32-bit integers;
+
+ * `int8x8_t', a vector of eight signed 8-bit integers;
+
+ * `int16x4_t', a vector of four signed 16-bit integers;
+
+ * `int32x2_t', a vector of two signed 32-bit integers.
+
+ The intrinsics provided are listed below; each is named after the
+machine instruction to which it corresponds, with suffixes added as
+appropriate to distinguish intrinsics that expand to the same machine
+instruction yet have different argument types. Refer to the
+architecture documentation for a description of the functionality of
+each instruction.
+
+ int16x4_t packsswh (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int8x8_t packsshb (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t packushb (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint32x2_t paddw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t paddh_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t paddb_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t paddw_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t paddh_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t paddb_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint64_t paddd_u (uint64_t s, uint64_t t);
+ int64_t paddd_s (int64_t s, int64_t t);
+ int16x4_t paddsh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t paddsb (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t paddush (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t paddusb (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint64_t pandn_ud (uint64_t s, uint64_t t);
+ uint32x2_t pandn_uw (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pandn_uh (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pandn_ub (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int64_t pandn_sd (int64_t s, int64_t t);
+ int32x2_t pandn_sw (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t pandn_sh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t pandn_sb (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pavgh (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pavgb (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint32x2_t pcmpeqw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pcmpeqh_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pcmpeqb_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t pcmpeqw_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t pcmpeqh_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t pcmpeqb_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint32x2_t pcmpgtw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pcmpgth_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pcmpgtb_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t pcmpgtw_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t pcmpgth_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t pcmpgtb_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pextrh_u (uint16x4_t s, int field);
+ int16x4_t pextrh_s (int16x4_t s, int field);
+ uint16x4_t pinsrh_0_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pinsrh_1_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pinsrh_2_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pinsrh_3_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pinsrh_0_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pinsrh_1_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pinsrh_2_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pinsrh_3_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int32x2_t pmaddhw (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pmaxsh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pmaxub (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int16x4_t pminsh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pminub (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pmovmskb_u (uint8x8_t s);
+ int8x8_t pmovmskb_s (int8x8_t s);
+ uint16x4_t pmulhuh (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pmulhh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int16x4_t pmullh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int64_t pmuluw (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint8x8_t pasubub (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t biadd (uint8x8_t s);
+ uint16x4_t psadbh (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t pshufh_u (uint16x4_t dest, uint16x4_t s, uint8_t order);
+ int16x4_t pshufh_s (int16x4_t dest, int16x4_t s, uint8_t order);
+ uint16x4_t psllh_u (uint16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int16x4_t psllh_s (int16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint32x2_t psllw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int32x2_t psllw_s (int32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint16x4_t psrlh_u (uint16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int16x4_t psrlh_s (int16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint32x2_t psrlw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int32x2_t psrlw_s (int32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint16x4_t psrah_u (uint16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int16x4_t psrah_s (int16x4_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint32x2_t psraw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ int32x2_t psraw_s (int32x2_t s, uint8_t amount);
+ uint32x2_t psubw_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t psubh_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t psubb_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t psubw_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t psubh_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t psubb_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint64_t psubd_u (uint64_t s, uint64_t t);
+ int64_t psubd_s (int64_t s, int64_t t);
+ int16x4_t psubsh (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t psubsb (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint16x4_t psubush (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t psubusb (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ uint32x2_t punpckhwd_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t punpckhhw_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t punpckhbh_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t punpckhwd_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t punpckhhw_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t punpckhbh_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+ uint32x2_t punpcklwd_u (uint32x2_t s, uint32x2_t t);
+ uint16x4_t punpcklhw_u (uint16x4_t s, uint16x4_t t);
+ uint8x8_t punpcklbh_u (uint8x8_t s, uint8x8_t t);
+ int32x2_t punpcklwd_s (int32x2_t s, int32x2_t t);
+ int16x4_t punpcklhw_s (int16x4_t s, int16x4_t t);
+ int8x8_t punpcklbh_s (int8x8_t s, int8x8_t t);
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Paired-Single Arithmetic::
+* Paired-Single Built-in Functions::
+* MIPS-3D Built-in Functions::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Paired-Single Arithmetic, Next: Paired-Single Built-in Functions, Up: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.9.1 Paired-Single Arithmetic
+.................................
+
+The table below lists the `v2sf' operations for which hardware support
+exists. `a', `b' and `c' are `v2sf' values and `x' is an integral
+value.
+
+C code MIPS instruction
+`a + b' `add.ps'
+`a - b' `sub.ps'
+`-a' `neg.ps'
+`a * b' `mul.ps'
+`a * b + c' `madd.ps'
+`a * b - c' `msub.ps'
+`-(a * b + c)' `nmadd.ps'
+`-(a * b - c)' `nmsub.ps'
+`x ? a : b' `movn.ps'/`movz.ps'
+
+ Note that the multiply-accumulate instructions can be disabled using
+the command-line option `-mno-fused-madd'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Paired-Single Built-in Functions, Next: MIPS-3D Built-in Functions, Prev: Paired-Single Arithmetic, Up: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.9.2 Paired-Single Built-in Functions
+.........................................
+
+The following paired-single functions map directly to a particular MIPS
+instruction. Please refer to the architecture specification for
+details on what each instruction does.
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_pll_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Pair lower lower (`pll.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_pul_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Pair upper lower (`pul.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_plu_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Pair lower upper (`plu.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_puu_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Pair upper upper (`puu.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_cvt_ps_s (float, float)'
+ Convert pair to paired single (`cvt.ps.s').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_cvt_s_pl (v2sf)'
+ Convert pair lower to single (`cvt.s.pl').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_cvt_s_pu (v2sf)'
+ Convert pair upper to single (`cvt.s.pu').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_abs_ps (v2sf)'
+ Absolute value (`abs.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_alnv_ps (v2sf, v2sf, int)'
+ Align variable (`alnv.ps').
+
+ _Note:_ The value of the third parameter must be 0 or 4 modulo 8,
+ otherwise the result will be unpredictable. Please read the
+ instruction description for details.
+
+ The following multi-instruction functions are also available. In each
+case, COND can be any of the 16 floating-point conditions: `f', `un',
+`eq', `ueq', `olt', `ult', `ole', `ule', `sf', `ngle', `seq', `ngl',
+`lt', `nge', `le' or `ngt'.
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_movt_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_movf_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+ Conditional move based on floating point comparison (`c.COND.ps',
+ `movt.ps'/`movf.ps').
+
+ The `movt' functions return the value X computed by:
+
+ c.COND.ps CC,A,B
+ mov.ps X,C
+ movt.ps X,D,CC
+
+ The `movf' functions are similar but use `movf.ps' instead of
+ `movt.ps'.
+
+`int __builtin_mips_upper_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_lower_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+ Comparison of two paired-single values (`c.COND.ps',
+ `bc1t'/`bc1f').
+
+ These functions compare A and B using `c.COND.ps' and return
+ either the upper or lower half of the result. For example:
+
+ v2sf a, b;
+ if (__builtin_mips_upper_c_eq_ps (a, b))
+ upper_halves_are_equal ();
+ else
+ upper_halves_are_unequal ();
+
+ if (__builtin_mips_lower_c_eq_ps (a, b))
+ lower_halves_are_equal ();
+ else
+ lower_halves_are_unequal ();
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: MIPS-3D Built-in Functions, Prev: Paired-Single Built-in Functions, Up: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions
+
+5.50.9.3 MIPS-3D Built-in Functions
+...................................
+
+The MIPS-3D Application-Specific Extension (ASE) includes additional
+paired-single instructions that are designed to improve the performance
+of 3D graphics operations. Support for these instructions is controlled
+by the `-mips3d' command-line option.
+
+ The functions listed below map directly to a particular MIPS-3D
+instruction. Please refer to the architecture specification for more
+details on what each instruction does.
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_addr_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Reduction add (`addr.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_mulr_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Reduction multiply (`mulr.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_cvt_pw_ps (v2sf)'
+ Convert paired single to paired word (`cvt.pw.ps').
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_cvt_ps_pw (v2sf)'
+ Convert paired word to paired single (`cvt.ps.pw').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_recip1_s (float)'
+`double __builtin_mips_recip1_d (double)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_recip1_ps (v2sf)'
+ Reduced precision reciprocal (sequence step 1) (`recip1.FMT').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_recip2_s (float, float)'
+`double __builtin_mips_recip2_d (double, double)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_recip2_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Reduced precision reciprocal (sequence step 2) (`recip2.FMT').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_rsqrt1_s (float)'
+`double __builtin_mips_rsqrt1_d (double)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_rsqrt1_ps (v2sf)'
+ Reduced precision reciprocal square root (sequence step 1)
+ (`rsqrt1.FMT').
+
+`float __builtin_mips_rsqrt2_s (float, float)'
+`double __builtin_mips_rsqrt2_d (double, double)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_rsqrt2_ps (v2sf, v2sf)'
+ Reduced precision reciprocal square root (sequence step 2)
+ (`rsqrt2.FMT').
+
+ The following multi-instruction functions are also available. In each
+case, COND can be any of the 16 floating-point conditions: `f', `un',
+`eq', `ueq', `olt', `ult', `ole', `ule', `sf', `ngle', `seq', `ngl',
+`lt', `nge', `le' or `ngt'.
+
+`int __builtin_mips_cabs_COND_s (float A, float B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_cabs_COND_d (double A, double B)'
+ Absolute comparison of two scalar values (`cabs.COND.FMT',
+ `bc1t'/`bc1f').
+
+ These functions compare A and B using `cabs.COND.s' or
+ `cabs.COND.d' and return the result as a boolean value. For
+ example:
+
+ float a, b;
+ if (__builtin_mips_cabs_eq_s (a, b))
+ true ();
+ else
+ false ();
+
+`int __builtin_mips_upper_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_lower_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+ Absolute comparison of two paired-single values (`cabs.COND.ps',
+ `bc1t'/`bc1f').
+
+ These functions compare A and B using `cabs.COND.ps' and return
+ either the upper or lower half of the result. For example:
+
+ v2sf a, b;
+ if (__builtin_mips_upper_cabs_eq_ps (a, b))
+ upper_halves_are_equal ();
+ else
+ upper_halves_are_unequal ();
+
+ if (__builtin_mips_lower_cabs_eq_ps (a, b))
+ lower_halves_are_equal ();
+ else
+ lower_halves_are_unequal ();
+
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_movt_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+`v2sf __builtin_mips_movf_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+ Conditional move based on absolute comparison (`cabs.COND.ps',
+ `movt.ps'/`movf.ps').
+
+ The `movt' functions return the value X computed by:
+
+ cabs.COND.ps CC,A,B
+ mov.ps X,C
+ movt.ps X,D,CC
+
+ The `movf' functions are similar but use `movf.ps' instead of
+ `movt.ps'.
+
+`int __builtin_mips_any_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_all_c_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_any_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+`int __builtin_mips_all_cabs_COND_ps (v2sf A, v2sf B)'
+ Comparison of two paired-single values (`c.COND.ps'/`cabs.COND.ps',
+ `bc1any2t'/`bc1any2f').
+
+ These functions compare A and B using `c.COND.ps' or
+ `cabs.COND.ps'. The `any' forms return true if either result is
+ true and the `all' forms return true if both results are true.
+ For example:
+
+ v2sf a, b;
+ if (__builtin_mips_any_c_eq_ps (a, b))
+ one_is_true ();
+ else
+ both_are_false ();
+
+ if (__builtin_mips_all_c_eq_ps (a, b))
+ both_are_true ();
+ else
+ one_is_false ();
+
+`int __builtin_mips_any_c_COND_4s (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+`int __builtin_mips_all_c_COND_4s (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+`int __builtin_mips_any_cabs_COND_4s (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+`int __builtin_mips_all_cabs_COND_4s (v2sf A, v2sf B, v2sf C, v2sf D)'
+ Comparison of four paired-single values
+ (`c.COND.ps'/`cabs.COND.ps', `bc1any4t'/`bc1any4f').
+
+ These functions use `c.COND.ps' or `cabs.COND.ps' to compare A
+ with B and to compare C with D. The `any' forms return true if
+ any of the four results are true and the `all' forms return true
+ if all four results are true. For example:
+
+ v2sf a, b, c, d;
+ if (__builtin_mips_any_c_eq_4s (a, b, c, d))
+ some_are_true ();
+ else
+ all_are_false ();
+
+ if (__builtin_mips_all_c_eq_4s (a, b, c, d))
+ all_are_true ();
+ else
+ some_are_false ();
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: picoChip Built-in Functions, Next: PowerPC AltiVec Built-in Functions, Prev: Other MIPS Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.10 picoChip Built-in Functions
+-----------------------------------
+
+GCC provides an interface to selected machine instructions from the
+picoChip instruction set.
+
+`int __builtin_sbc (int VALUE)'
+ Sign bit count. Return the number of consecutive bits in VALUE
+ which have the same value as the sign-bit. The result is the
+ number of leading sign bits minus one, giving the number of
+ redundant sign bits in VALUE.
+
+`int __builtin_byteswap (int VALUE)'
+ Byte swap. Return the result of swapping the upper and lower
+ bytes of VALUE.
+
+`int __builtin_brev (int VALUE)'
+ Bit reversal. Return the result of reversing the bits in VALUE.
+ Bit 15 is swapped with bit 0, bit 14 is swapped with bit 1, and so
+ on.
+
+`int __builtin_adds (int X, int Y)'
+ Saturating addition. Return the result of adding X and Y, storing
+ the value 32767 if the result overflows.
+
+`int __builtin_subs (int X, int Y)'
+ Saturating subtraction. Return the result of subtracting Y from
+ X, storing the value -32768 if the result overflows.
+
+`void __builtin_halt (void)'
+ Halt. The processor will stop execution. This built-in is useful
+ for implementing assertions.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Other MIPS Built-in Functions, Next: picoChip Built-in Functions, Prev: MIPS Loongson Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.11 Other MIPS Built-in Functions
+-------------------------------------
+
+GCC provides other MIPS-specific built-in functions:
+
+`void __builtin_mips_cache (int OP, const volatile void *ADDR)'
+ Insert a `cache' instruction with operands OP and ADDR. GCC
+ defines the preprocessor macro `___GCC_HAVE_BUILTIN_MIPS_CACHE'
+ when this function is available.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: PowerPC AltiVec Built-in Functions, Next: SPARC VIS Built-in Functions, Prev: picoChip Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.12 PowerPC AltiVec Built-in Functions
+------------------------------------------
+
+GCC provides an interface for the PowerPC family of processors to access
+the AltiVec operations described in Motorola's AltiVec Programming
+Interface Manual. The interface is made available by including
+`<altivec.h>' and using `-maltivec' and `-mabi=altivec'. The interface
+supports the following vector types.
+
+ vector unsigned char
+ vector signed char
+ vector bool char
+
+ vector unsigned short
+ vector signed short
+ vector bool short
+ vector pixel
+
+ vector unsigned int
+ vector signed int
+ vector bool int
+ vector float
+
+ GCC's implementation of the high-level language interface available
+from C and C++ code differs from Motorola's documentation in several
+ways.
+
+ * A vector constant is a list of constant expressions within curly
+ braces.
+
+ * A vector initializer requires no cast if the vector constant is of
+ the same type as the variable it is initializing.
+
+ * If `signed' or `unsigned' is omitted, the signedness of the vector
+ type is the default signedness of the base type. The default
+ varies depending on the operating system, so a portable program
+ should always specify the signedness.
+
+ * Compiling with `-maltivec' adds keywords `__vector', `vector',
+ `__pixel', `pixel', `__bool' and `bool'. When compiling ISO C,
+ the context-sensitive substitution of the keywords `vector',
+ `pixel' and `bool' is disabled. To use them, you must include
+ `<altivec.h>' instead.
+
+ * GCC allows using a `typedef' name as the type specifier for a
+ vector type.
+
+ * For C, overloaded functions are implemented with macros so the
+ following does not work:
+
+ vec_add ((vector signed int){1, 2, 3, 4}, foo);
+
+ Since `vec_add' is a macro, the vector constant in the example is
+ treated as four separate arguments. Wrap the entire argument in
+ parentheses for this to work.
+
+ _Note:_ Only the `<altivec.h>' interface is supported. Internally,
+GCC uses built-in functions to achieve the functionality in the
+aforementioned header file, but they are not supported and are subject
+to change without notice.
+
+ The following interfaces are supported for the generic and specific
+AltiVec operations and the AltiVec predicates. In cases where there is
+a direct mapping between generic and specific operations, only the
+generic names are shown here, although the specific operations can also
+be used.
+
+ Arguments that are documented as `const int' require literal integral
+values within the range required for that operation.
+
+ vector signed char vec_abs (vector signed char);
+ vector signed short vec_abs (vector signed short);
+ vector signed int vec_abs (vector signed int);
+ vector float vec_abs (vector float);
+
+ vector signed char vec_abss (vector signed char);
+ vector signed short vec_abss (vector signed short);
+ vector signed int vec_abss (vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed char vec_add (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_add (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_add (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_add (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_add (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_add (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_add (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_add (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_add (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_add (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_add (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_add (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_add (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_add (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_add (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_add (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_add (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_add (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector float vec_add (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_vaddfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vadduwm (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vadduwm (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vadduwm (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduwm (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduwm (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduwm (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vadduhm (vector bool short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vadduhm (vector signed short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vadduhm (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhm (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vaddubm (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vaddubm (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vaddubm (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubm (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_addc (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_adds (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_adds (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_adds (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_adds (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_adds (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_adds (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_adds (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_adds (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_adds (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_adds (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_adds (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_adds (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_adds (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_adds (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_adds (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_adds (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_adds (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_adds (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vaddsws (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vaddsws (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vaddsws (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduws (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduws (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vadduws (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vaddshs (vector bool short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vaddshs (vector signed short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vaddshs (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhs (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vadduhs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vaddsbs (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vaddsbs (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vaddsbs (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubs (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vaddubs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_and (vector float, vector float);
+ vector float vec_and (vector float, vector bool int);
+ vector float vec_and (vector bool int, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_and (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_and (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_and (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_and (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_and (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_and (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_and (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_and (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_and (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_and (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_and (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_and (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_and (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_and (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_and (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_and (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_and (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_and (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_and (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_and (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_and (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_andc (vector float, vector float);
+ vector float vec_andc (vector float, vector bool int);
+ vector float vec_andc (vector bool int, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_andc (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_andc (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_andc (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_andc (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_andc (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_andc (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_andc (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_andc (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_andc (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_andc (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_andc (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_andc (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_andc (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_andc (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_andc (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_andc (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_andc (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_andc (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_andc (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_andc (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_andc (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_avg (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_avg (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_avg (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_avg (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_avg (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_avg (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vavgsw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vavguw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vavgsh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vavguh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vavgsb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vavgub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_ceil (vector float);
+
+ vector signed int vec_cmpb (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool char vec_cmpeq (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_cmpeq (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_cmpeq (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector bool short vec_cmpeq (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpeq (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpeq (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpeq (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpeqfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpequw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpequw (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vcmpequh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector bool short vec_vcmpequh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vcmpequb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_vcmpequb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector bool int vec_cmpge (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool char vec_cmpgt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_cmpgt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool short vec_cmpgt (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_cmpgt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpgt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpgt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmpgt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpgtfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpgtsw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vcmpgtuw (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vcmpgtsh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vcmpgtuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vcmpgtsb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vcmpgtub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector bool int vec_cmple (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector bool char vec_cmplt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_cmplt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool short vec_cmplt (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_cmplt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector bool int vec_cmplt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmplt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector bool int vec_cmplt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_ctf (vector unsigned int, const int);
+ vector float vec_ctf (vector signed int, const int);
+
+ vector float vec_vcfsx (vector signed int, const int);
+
+ vector float vec_vcfux (vector unsigned int, const int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_cts (vector float, const int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_ctu (vector float, const int);
+
+ void vec_dss (const int);
+
+ void vec_dssall (void);
+
+ void vec_dst (const vector unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector bool char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector signed short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector bool short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector pixel *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector signed int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector bool int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const vector float *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const unsigned long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dst (const float *, int, const int);
+
+ void vec_dstst (const vector unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector bool char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector signed short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector bool short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector pixel *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector signed int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector bool int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const vector float *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const unsigned long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstst (const float *, int, const int);
+
+ void vec_dststt (const vector unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector bool char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector signed short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector bool short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector pixel *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector signed int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector bool int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const vector float *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const unsigned long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dststt (const float *, int, const int);
+
+ void vec_dstt (const vector unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector bool char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector signed short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector bool short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector pixel *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector signed int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector bool int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const vector float *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const unsigned char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const signed char *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const unsigned short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const short *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const unsigned int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const int *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const unsigned long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const long *, int, const int);
+ void vec_dstt (const float *, int, const int);
+
+ vector float vec_expte (vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_floor (vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_ld (int, const vector float *);
+ vector float vec_ld (int, const float *);
+ vector bool int vec_ld (int, const vector bool int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ld (int, const vector signed int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ld (int, const int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ld (int, const long *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ld (int, const vector unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ld (int, const unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ld (int, const unsigned long *);
+ vector bool short vec_ld (int, const vector bool short *);
+ vector pixel vec_ld (int, const vector pixel *);
+ vector signed short vec_ld (int, const vector signed short *);
+ vector signed short vec_ld (int, const short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_ld (int, const vector unsigned short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_ld (int, const unsigned short *);
+ vector bool char vec_ld (int, const vector bool char *);
+ vector signed char vec_ld (int, const vector signed char *);
+ vector signed char vec_ld (int, const signed char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_ld (int, const vector unsigned char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_ld (int, const unsigned char *);
+
+ vector signed char vec_lde (int, const signed char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lde (int, const unsigned char *);
+ vector signed short vec_lde (int, const short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_lde (int, const unsigned short *);
+ vector float vec_lde (int, const float *);
+ vector signed int vec_lde (int, const int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_lde (int, const unsigned int *);
+ vector signed int vec_lde (int, const long *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_lde (int, const unsigned long *);
+
+ vector float vec_lvewx (int, float *);
+ vector signed int vec_lvewx (int, int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_lvewx (int, unsigned int *);
+ vector signed int vec_lvewx (int, long *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_lvewx (int, unsigned long *);
+
+ vector signed short vec_lvehx (int, short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_lvehx (int, unsigned short *);
+
+ vector signed char vec_lvebx (int, char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvebx (int, unsigned char *);
+
+ vector float vec_ldl (int, const vector float *);
+ vector float vec_ldl (int, const float *);
+ vector bool int vec_ldl (int, const vector bool int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ldl (int, const vector signed int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ldl (int, const int *);
+ vector signed int vec_ldl (int, const long *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ldl (int, const vector unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ldl (int, const unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned int vec_ldl (int, const unsigned long *);
+ vector bool short vec_ldl (int, const vector bool short *);
+ vector pixel vec_ldl (int, const vector pixel *);
+ vector signed short vec_ldl (int, const vector signed short *);
+ vector signed short vec_ldl (int, const short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_ldl (int, const vector unsigned short *);
+ vector unsigned short vec_ldl (int, const unsigned short *);
+ vector bool char vec_ldl (int, const vector bool char *);
+ vector signed char vec_ldl (int, const vector signed char *);
+ vector signed char vec_ldl (int, const signed char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_ldl (int, const vector unsigned char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_ldl (int, const unsigned char *);
+
+ vector float vec_loge (vector float);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile unsigned char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile signed char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile unsigned short *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile short *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile int *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile unsigned long *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile long *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsl (int, const volatile float *);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile unsigned char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile signed char *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile unsigned short *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile short *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile unsigned int *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile int *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile unsigned long *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile long *);
+ vector unsigned char vec_lvsr (int, const volatile float *);
+
+ vector float vec_madd (vector float, vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector signed short vec_madds (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_max (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_max (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_max (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_max (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_max (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_max (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_max (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_max (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_max (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_max (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_max (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_max (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_max (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_max (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_max (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_max (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_max (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_max (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector float vec_max (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_vmaxfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmaxsw (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vmaxsw (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vmaxsw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmaxuw (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmaxuw (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmaxuw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vmaxsh (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vmaxsh (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vmaxsh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmaxuh (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmaxuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmaxuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vmaxsb (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vmaxsb (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vmaxsb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vmaxub (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vmaxub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vmaxub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector bool char vec_mergeh (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_mergeh (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_mergeh (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_mergeh (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector pixel vec_mergeh (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ vector signed short vec_mergeh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_mergeh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector float vec_mergeh (vector float, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_mergeh (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_mergeh (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_mergeh (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector float vec_vmrghw (vector float, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_vmrghw (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vmrghw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmrghw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vmrghh (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vmrghh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmrghh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector pixel vec_vmrghh (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vmrghb (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vmrghb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vmrghb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector bool char vec_mergel (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_mergel (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_mergel (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_mergel (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector pixel vec_mergel (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ vector signed short vec_mergel (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_mergel (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector float vec_mergel (vector float, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_mergel (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_mergel (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_mergel (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector float vec_vmrglw (vector float, vector float);
+ vector signed int vec_vmrglw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmrglw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_vmrglw (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vmrglh (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vmrglh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmrglh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector pixel vec_vmrglh (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vmrglb (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vmrglb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vmrglb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_mfvscr (void);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_min (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_min (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_min (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_min (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_min (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_min (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_min (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_min (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_min (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_min (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_min (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_min (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_min (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_min (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_min (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_min (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_min (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_min (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector float vec_min (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_vminfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vminsw (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vminsw (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vminsw (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vminuw (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vminuw (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vminuw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vminsh (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vminsh (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vminsh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vminuh (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vminuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vminuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vminsb (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vminsb (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vminsb (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vminub (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vminub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vminub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed short vec_mladd (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_mladd (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_mladd (vector unsigned short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_mladd (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed short vec_mradds (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_msum (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_msum (vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_msum (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_msum (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmsumshm (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmsumuhm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmsummbm (vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmsumubm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_msums (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_msums (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmsumshs (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmsumuhs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector signed int);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector unsigned int);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector bool int);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector signed short);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector unsigned short);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector bool short);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector pixel);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector signed char);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector unsigned char);
+ void vec_mtvscr (vector bool char);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_mule (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_mule (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_mule (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_mule (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmulesh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmuleuh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vmulesb (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmuleub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_mulo (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_mulo (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_mulo (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_mulo (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vmulosh (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vmulouh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vmulosb (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vmuloub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_nmsub (vector float, vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_nor (vector float, vector float);
+ vector signed int vec_nor (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_nor (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_nor (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed short vec_nor (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_nor (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_nor (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed char vec_nor (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_nor (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_nor (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+
+ vector float vec_or (vector float, vector float);
+ vector float vec_or (vector float, vector bool int);
+ vector float vec_or (vector bool int, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_or (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_or (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_or (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_or (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_or (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_or (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_or (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_or (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_or (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_or (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_or (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_or (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_or (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_or (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_or (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_or (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_or (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_or (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_or (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_or (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_or (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed char vec_pack (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned char vec_pack (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool char vec_pack (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_pack (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_pack (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_pack (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vpkuwum (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed short vec_vpkuwum (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vpkuwum (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector bool char vec_vpkuhum (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed char vec_vpkuhum (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vpkuhum (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector pixel vec_packpx (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_packs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_packs (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_packs (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed short vec_packs (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vpkswss (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vpkuwus (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vpkshss (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vpkuhus (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_packsu (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned char vec_packsu (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_packsu (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_packsu (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vpkswus (vector signed int,
+ vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vpkshus (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector float vec_perm (vector float,
+ vector float,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed int vec_perm (vector signed int,
+ vector signed int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_perm (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool int vec_perm (vector bool int,
+ vector bool int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_perm (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_perm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_perm (vector bool short,
+ vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector pixel vec_perm (vector pixel,
+ vector pixel,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_perm (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_perm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_perm (vector bool char,
+ vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_re (vector float);
+
+ vector signed char vec_rl (vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_rl (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_rl (vector signed short, vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_rl (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_rl (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_rl (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vrlw (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vrlw (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vrlh (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vrlh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vrlb (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vrlb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_round (vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_rsqrte (vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_sel (vector float, vector float, vector bool int);
+ vector float vec_sel (vector float, vector float, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_sel (vector signed int,
+ vector signed int,
+ vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_sel (vector signed int,
+ vector signed int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sel (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int,
+ vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sel (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_sel (vector bool int,
+ vector bool int,
+ vector bool int);
+ vector bool int vec_sel (vector bool int,
+ vector bool int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed short vec_sel (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_sel (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sel (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sel (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_sel (vector bool short,
+ vector bool short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector bool short vec_sel (vector bool short,
+ vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_sel (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_sel (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sel (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sel (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_sel (vector bool char,
+ vector bool char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector bool char vec_sel (vector bool char,
+ vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed char vec_sl (vector signed char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sl (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sl (vector signed short, vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sl (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_sl (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sl (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vslw (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vslw (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vslh (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vslh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vslb (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vslb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_sld (vector float, vector float, const int);
+ vector signed int vec_sld (vector signed int,
+ vector signed int,
+ const int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sld (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int,
+ const int);
+ vector bool int vec_sld (vector bool int,
+ vector bool int,
+ const int);
+ vector signed short vec_sld (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short,
+ const int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sld (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short,
+ const int);
+ vector bool short vec_sld (vector bool short,
+ vector bool short,
+ const int);
+ vector pixel vec_sld (vector pixel,
+ vector pixel,
+ const int);
+ vector signed char vec_sld (vector signed char,
+ vector signed char,
+ const int);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sld (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char,
+ const int);
+ vector bool char vec_sld (vector bool char,
+ vector bool char,
+ const int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_sll (vector signed int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_sll (vector signed int,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_sll (vector signed int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sll (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sll (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sll (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool int vec_sll (vector bool int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_sll (vector bool int,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool int vec_sll (vector bool int,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sll (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed short vec_sll (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_sll (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sll (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sll (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sll (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_sll (vector bool short, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_sll (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_sll (vector bool short, vector unsigned char);
+ vector pixel vec_sll (vector pixel, vector unsigned int);
+ vector pixel vec_sll (vector pixel, vector unsigned short);
+ vector pixel vec_sll (vector pixel, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_sll (vector signed char, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed char vec_sll (vector signed char, vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_sll (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sll (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sll (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sll (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_sll (vector bool char, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool char vec_sll (vector bool char, vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool char vec_sll (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_slo (vector float, vector signed char);
+ vector float vec_slo (vector float, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed int vec_slo (vector signed int, vector signed char);
+ vector signed int vec_slo (vector signed int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_slo (vector unsigned int, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_slo (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_slo (vector signed short, vector signed char);
+ vector signed short vec_slo (vector signed short, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_slo (vector unsigned short,
+ vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_slo (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector pixel vec_slo (vector pixel, vector signed char);
+ vector pixel vec_slo (vector pixel, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_slo (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_slo (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_slo (vector unsigned char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_slo (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed char vec_splat (vector signed char, const int);
+ vector unsigned char vec_splat (vector unsigned char, const int);
+ vector bool char vec_splat (vector bool char, const int);
+ vector signed short vec_splat (vector signed short, const int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_splat (vector unsigned short, const int);
+ vector bool short vec_splat (vector bool short, const int);
+ vector pixel vec_splat (vector pixel, const int);
+ vector float vec_splat (vector float, const int);
+ vector signed int vec_splat (vector signed int, const int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_splat (vector unsigned int, const int);
+ vector bool int vec_splat (vector bool int, const int);
+
+ vector float vec_vspltw (vector float, const int);
+ vector signed int vec_vspltw (vector signed int, const int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vspltw (vector unsigned int, const int);
+ vector bool int vec_vspltw (vector bool int, const int);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vsplth (vector bool short, const int);
+ vector signed short vec_vsplth (vector signed short, const int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsplth (vector unsigned short, const int);
+ vector pixel vec_vsplth (vector pixel, const int);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vspltb (vector signed char, const int);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vspltb (vector unsigned char, const int);
+ vector bool char vec_vspltb (vector bool char, const int);
+
+ vector signed char vec_splat_s8 (const int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_splat_s16 (const int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_splat_s32 (const int);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_splat_u8 (const int);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_splat_u16 (const int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_splat_u32 (const int);
+
+ vector signed char vec_sr (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sr (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sr (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sr (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_sr (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sr (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsrw (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsrw (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vsrh (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsrh (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vsrb (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsrb (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed char vec_sra (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sra (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sra (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sra (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_sra (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sra (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsraw (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsraw (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vsrah (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsrah (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vsrab (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsrab (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector signed int vec_srl (vector signed int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_srl (vector signed int, vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_srl (vector signed int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_srl (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_srl (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_srl (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool int vec_srl (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool int vec_srl (vector bool int, vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool int vec_srl (vector bool int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_srl (vector signed short, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed short vec_srl (vector signed short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_srl (vector signed short, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_srl (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned short vec_srl (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_srl (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool short vec_srl (vector bool short, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_srl (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool short vec_srl (vector bool short, vector unsigned char);
+ vector pixel vec_srl (vector pixel, vector unsigned int);
+ vector pixel vec_srl (vector pixel, vector unsigned short);
+ vector pixel vec_srl (vector pixel, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_srl (vector signed char, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed char vec_srl (vector signed char, vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_srl (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_srl (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned char vec_srl (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned char vec_srl (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector bool char vec_srl (vector bool char, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool char vec_srl (vector bool char, vector unsigned short);
+ vector bool char vec_srl (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector float vec_sro (vector float, vector signed char);
+ vector float vec_sro (vector float, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed int vec_sro (vector signed int, vector signed char);
+ vector signed int vec_sro (vector signed int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sro (vector unsigned int, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sro (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sro (vector signed short, vector signed char);
+ vector signed short vec_sro (vector signed short, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sro (vector unsigned short,
+ vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sro (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector pixel vec_sro (vector pixel, vector signed char);
+ vector pixel vec_sro (vector pixel, vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_sro (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_sro (vector signed char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sro (vector unsigned char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sro (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ void vec_st (vector float, int, vector float *);
+ void vec_st (vector float, int, float *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed int, int, vector signed int *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed int, int, int *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned int, int, vector unsigned int *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool int, int, vector bool int *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool int, int, int *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed short, int, vector signed short *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed short, int, short *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned short, int, vector unsigned short *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool short, int, vector bool short *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_st (vector pixel, int, vector pixel *);
+ void vec_st (vector pixel, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_st (vector pixel, int, short *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool short, int, short *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed char, int, vector signed char *);
+ void vec_st (vector signed char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned char, int, vector unsigned char *);
+ void vec_st (vector unsigned char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool char, int, vector bool char *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_st (vector bool char, int, signed char *);
+
+ void vec_ste (vector signed char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_ste (vector unsigned char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_ste (vector signed short, int, short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector unsigned short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool short, int, short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector pixel, int, short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector pixel, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_ste (vector float, int, float *);
+ void vec_ste (vector signed int, int, int *);
+ void vec_ste (vector unsigned int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool int, int, int *);
+ void vec_ste (vector bool int, int, unsigned int *);
+
+ void vec_stvewx (vector float, int, float *);
+ void vec_stvewx (vector signed int, int, int *);
+ void vec_stvewx (vector unsigned int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_stvewx (vector bool int, int, int *);
+ void vec_stvewx (vector bool int, int, unsigned int *);
+
+ void vec_stvehx (vector signed short, int, short *);
+ void vec_stvehx (vector unsigned short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stvehx (vector bool short, int, short *);
+ void vec_stvehx (vector bool short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stvehx (vector pixel, int, short *);
+ void vec_stvehx (vector pixel, int, unsigned short *);
+
+ void vec_stvebx (vector signed char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_stvebx (vector unsigned char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_stvebx (vector bool char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_stvebx (vector bool char, int, unsigned char *);
+
+ void vec_stl (vector float, int, vector float *);
+ void vec_stl (vector float, int, float *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed int, int, vector signed int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed int, int, int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned int, int, vector unsigned int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool int, int, vector bool int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool int, int, unsigned int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool int, int, int *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed short, int, vector signed short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed short, int, short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned short, int, vector unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool short, int, vector bool short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool short, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool short, int, short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector pixel, int, vector pixel *);
+ void vec_stl (vector pixel, int, unsigned short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector pixel, int, short *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed char, int, vector signed char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector signed char, int, signed char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned char, int, vector unsigned char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector unsigned char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool char, int, vector bool char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool char, int, unsigned char *);
+ void vec_stl (vector bool char, int, signed char *);
+
+ vector signed char vec_sub (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_sub (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_sub (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sub (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sub (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_sub (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed short vec_sub (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_sub (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_sub (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sub (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sub (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_sub (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed int vec_sub (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_sub (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_sub (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sub (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sub (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_sub (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector float vec_sub (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector float vec_vsubfp (vector float, vector float);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsubuwm (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vsubuwm (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vsubuwm (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuwm (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuwm (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuwm (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vsubuhm (vector bool short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vsubuhm (vector signed short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vsubuhm (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhm (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhm (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vsububm (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vsububm (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vsububm (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububm (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububm (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_subc (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_subs (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_subs (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_subs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector signed char vec_subs (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_subs (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_subs (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned short vec_subs (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_subs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_subs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed short vec_subs (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_subs (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_subs (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_subs (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_subs (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_subs (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_subs (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_subs (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_subs (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsubsws (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_vsubsws (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_vsubsws (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuws (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuws (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsubuws (vector unsigned int,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed short vec_vsubshs (vector bool short,
+ vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_vsubshs (vector signed short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_vsubshs (vector signed short,
+ vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhs (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_vsubuhs (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+
+ vector signed char vec_vsubsbs (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector signed char vec_vsubsbs (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_vsubsbs (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububs (vector bool char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_vsububs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_sum4s (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+ vector signed int vec_sum4s (vector signed char, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_sum4s (vector signed short, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsum4shs (vector signed short, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_vsum4sbs (vector signed char, vector signed int);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vsum4ubs (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_sum2s (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector signed int vec_sums (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+
+ vector float vec_trunc (vector float);
+
+ vector signed short vec_unpackh (vector signed char);
+ vector bool short vec_unpackh (vector bool char);
+ vector signed int vec_unpackh (vector signed short);
+ vector bool int vec_unpackh (vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned int vec_unpackh (vector pixel);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vupkhsh (vector bool short);
+ vector signed int vec_vupkhsh (vector signed short);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vupkhpx (vector pixel);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vupkhsb (vector bool char);
+ vector signed short vec_vupkhsb (vector signed char);
+
+ vector signed short vec_unpackl (vector signed char);
+ vector bool short vec_unpackl (vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned int vec_unpackl (vector pixel);
+ vector signed int vec_unpackl (vector signed short);
+ vector bool int vec_unpackl (vector bool short);
+
+ vector unsigned int vec_vupklpx (vector pixel);
+
+ vector bool int vec_vupklsh (vector bool short);
+ vector signed int vec_vupklsh (vector signed short);
+
+ vector bool short vec_vupklsb (vector bool char);
+ vector signed short vec_vupklsb (vector signed char);
+
+ vector float vec_xor (vector float, vector float);
+ vector float vec_xor (vector float, vector bool int);
+ vector float vec_xor (vector bool int, vector float);
+ vector bool int vec_xor (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_xor (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ vector signed int vec_xor (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ vector signed int vec_xor (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_xor (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_xor (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ vector unsigned int vec_xor (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ vector bool short vec_xor (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_xor (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ vector signed short vec_xor (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ vector signed short vec_xor (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_xor (vector bool short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_xor (vector unsigned short,
+ vector bool short);
+ vector unsigned short vec_xor (vector unsigned short,
+ vector unsigned short);
+ vector signed char vec_xor (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ vector bool char vec_xor (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_xor (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ vector signed char vec_xor (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_xor (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_xor (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ vector unsigned char vec_xor (vector unsigned char,
+ vector unsigned char);
+
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_eq (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_ge (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_gt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_in (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_le (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_lt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_nan (vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_all_ne (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_nge (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_ngt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_nle (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_nlt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_all_numeric (vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_eq (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_ge (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_gt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_le (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_lt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_nan (vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool char, vector bool char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool char, vector unsigned char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool char, vector signed char);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool short, vector bool short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool short, vector unsigned short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool short, vector signed short);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector pixel, vector pixel);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector signed int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector unsigned int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool int, vector bool int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool int, vector unsigned int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector bool int, vector signed int);
+ int vec_any_ne (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_nge (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_ngt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_nle (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_nlt (vector float, vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_numeric (vector float);
+
+ int vec_any_out (vector float, vector float);
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: SPARC VIS Built-in Functions, Next: SPU Built-in Functions, Prev: PowerPC AltiVec Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.13 SPARC VIS Built-in Functions
+------------------------------------
+
+GCC supports SIMD operations on the SPARC using both the generic vector
+extensions (*note Vector Extensions::) as well as built-in functions for
+the SPARC Visual Instruction Set (VIS). When you use the `-mvis'
+switch, the VIS extension is exposed as the following built-in
+functions:
+
+ typedef int v2si __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+ typedef short v4hi __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+ typedef short v2hi __attribute__ ((vector_size (4)));
+ typedef char v8qi __attribute__ ((vector_size (8)));
+ typedef char v4qi __attribute__ ((vector_size (4)));
+
+ void * __builtin_vis_alignaddr (void *, long);
+ int64_t __builtin_vis_faligndatadi (int64_t, int64_t);
+ v2si __builtin_vis_faligndatav2si (v2si, v2si);
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_faligndatav4hi (v4si, v4si);
+ v8qi __builtin_vis_faligndatav8qi (v8qi, v8qi);
+
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fexpand (v4qi);
+
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fmul8x16 (v4qi, v4hi);
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fmul8x16au (v4qi, v4hi);
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fmul8x16al (v4qi, v4hi);
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fmul8sux16 (v8qi, v4hi);
+ v4hi __builtin_vis_fmul8ulx16 (v8qi, v4hi);
+ v2si __builtin_vis_fmuld8sux16 (v4qi, v2hi);
+ v2si __builtin_vis_fmuld8ulx16 (v4qi, v2hi);
+
+ v4qi __builtin_vis_fpack16 (v4hi);
+ v8qi __builtin_vis_fpack32 (v2si, v2si);
+ v2hi __builtin_vis_fpackfix (v2si);
+ v8qi __builtin_vis_fpmerge (v4qi, v4qi);
+
+ int64_t __builtin_vis_pdist (v8qi, v8qi, int64_t);
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: SPU Built-in Functions, Prev: SPARC VIS Built-in Functions, Up: Target Builtins
+
+5.50.14 SPU Built-in Functions
+------------------------------
+
+GCC provides extensions for the SPU processor as described in the
+Sony/Toshiba/IBM SPU Language Extensions Specification, which can be
+found at `http://cell.scei.co.jp/' or
+`http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/power/cell/'. GCC's implementation
+differs in several ways.
+
+ * The optional extension of specifying vector constants in
+ parentheses is not supported.
+
+ * A vector initializer requires no cast if the vector constant is of
+ the same type as the variable it is initializing.
+
+ * If `signed' or `unsigned' is omitted, the signedness of the vector
+ type is the default signedness of the base type. The default
+ varies depending on the operating system, so a portable program
+ should always specify the signedness.
+
+ * By default, the keyword `__vector' is added. The macro `vector' is
+ defined in `<spu_intrinsics.h>' and can be undefined.
+
+ * GCC allows using a `typedef' name as the type specifier for a
+ vector type.
+
+ * For C, overloaded functions are implemented with macros so the
+ following does not work:
+
+ spu_add ((vector signed int){1, 2, 3, 4}, foo);
+
+ Since `spu_add' is a macro, the vector constant in the example is
+ treated as four separate arguments. Wrap the entire argument in
+ parentheses for this to work.
+
+ * The extended version of `__builtin_expect' is not supported.
+
+
+ _Note:_ Only the interface described in the aforementioned
+specification is supported. Internally, GCC uses built-in functions to
+implement the required functionality, but these are not supported and
+are subject to change without notice.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Target Format Checks, Next: Pragmas, Prev: Target Builtins, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.51 Format Checks Specific to Particular Target Machines
+=========================================================
+
+For some target machines, GCC supports additional options to the format
+attribute (*note Declaring Attributes of Functions: Function
+Attributes.).
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Solaris Format Checks::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Solaris Format Checks, Up: Target Format Checks
+
+5.51.1 Solaris Format Checks
+----------------------------
+
+Solaris targets support the `cmn_err' (or `__cmn_err__') format check.
+`cmn_err' accepts a subset of the standard `printf' conversions, and
+the two-argument `%b' conversion for displaying bit-fields. See the
+Solaris man page for `cmn_err' for more information.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Pragmas, Next: Unnamed Fields, Prev: Target Format Checks, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.52 Pragmas Accepted by GCC
+============================
+
+GCC supports several types of pragmas, primarily in order to compile
+code originally written for other compilers. Note that in general we
+do not recommend the use of pragmas; *Note Function Attributes::, for
+further explanation.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* ARM Pragmas::
+* M32C Pragmas::
+* RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas::
+* Darwin Pragmas::
+* Solaris Pragmas::
+* Symbol-Renaming Pragmas::
+* Structure-Packing Pragmas::
+* Weak Pragmas::
+* Diagnostic Pragmas::
+* Visibility Pragmas::
+* Push/Pop Macro Pragmas::
+* Function Specific Option Pragmas::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: ARM Pragmas, Next: M32C Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.1 ARM Pragmas
+------------------
+
+The ARM target defines pragmas for controlling the default addition of
+`long_call' and `short_call' attributes to functions. *Note Function
+Attributes::, for information about the effects of these attributes.
+
+`long_calls'
+ Set all subsequent functions to have the `long_call' attribute.
+
+`no_long_calls'
+ Set all subsequent functions to have the `short_call' attribute.
+
+`long_calls_off'
+ Do not affect the `long_call' or `short_call' attributes of
+ subsequent functions.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: M32C Pragmas, Next: RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas, Prev: ARM Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.2 M32C Pragmas
+-------------------
+
+`memregs NUMBER'
+ Overrides the command line option `-memregs=' for the current
+ file. Use with care! This pragma must be before any function in
+ the file, and mixing different memregs values in different objects
+ may make them incompatible. This pragma is useful when a
+ performance-critical function uses a memreg for temporary values,
+ as it may allow you to reduce the number of memregs used.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas, Next: Darwin Pragmas, Prev: M32C Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.3 RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas
+----------------------------------
+
+The RS/6000 and PowerPC targets define one pragma for controlling
+whether or not the `longcall' attribute is added to function
+declarations by default. This pragma overrides the `-mlongcall'
+option, but not the `longcall' and `shortcall' attributes. *Note
+RS/6000 and PowerPC Options::, for more information about when long
+calls are and are not necessary.
+
+`longcall (1)'
+ Apply the `longcall' attribute to all subsequent function
+ declarations.
+
+`longcall (0)'
+ Do not apply the `longcall' attribute to subsequent function
+ declarations.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Darwin Pragmas, Next: Solaris Pragmas, Prev: RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.4 Darwin Pragmas
+---------------------
+
+The following pragmas are available for all architectures running the
+Darwin operating system. These are useful for compatibility with other
+Mac OS compilers.
+
+`mark TOKENS...'
+ This pragma is accepted, but has no effect.
+
+`options align=ALIGNMENT'
+ This pragma sets the alignment of fields in structures. The
+ values of ALIGNMENT may be `mac68k', to emulate m68k alignment, or
+ `power', to emulate PowerPC alignment. Uses of this pragma nest
+ properly; to restore the previous setting, use `reset' for the
+ ALIGNMENT.
+
+`segment TOKENS...'
+ This pragma is accepted, but has no effect.
+
+`unused (VAR [, VAR]...)'
+ This pragma declares variables to be possibly unused. GCC will not
+ produce warnings for the listed variables. The effect is similar
+ to that of the `unused' attribute, except that this pragma may
+ appear anywhere within the variables' scopes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Solaris Pragmas, Next: Symbol-Renaming Pragmas, Prev: Darwin Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.5 Solaris Pragmas
+----------------------
+
+The Solaris target supports `#pragma redefine_extname' (*note
+Symbol-Renaming Pragmas::). It also supports additional `#pragma'
+directives for compatibility with the system compiler.
+
+`align ALIGNMENT (VARIABLE [, VARIABLE]...)'
+ Increase the minimum alignment of each VARIABLE to ALIGNMENT.
+ This is the same as GCC's `aligned' attribute *note Variable
+ Attributes::). Macro expansion occurs on the arguments to this
+ pragma when compiling C and Objective-C. It does not currently
+ occur when compiling C++, but this is a bug which may be fixed in
+ a future release.
+
+`fini (FUNCTION [, FUNCTION]...)'
+ This pragma causes each listed FUNCTION to be called after main,
+ or during shared module unloading, by adding a call to the `.fini'
+ section.
+
+`init (FUNCTION [, FUNCTION]...)'
+ This pragma causes each listed FUNCTION to be called during
+ initialization (before `main') or during shared module loading, by
+ adding a call to the `.init' section.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Symbol-Renaming Pragmas, Next: Structure-Packing Pragmas, Prev: Solaris Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.6 Symbol-Renaming Pragmas
+------------------------------
+
+For compatibility with the Solaris and Tru64 UNIX system headers, GCC
+supports two `#pragma' directives which change the name used in
+assembly for a given declaration. These pragmas are only available on
+platforms whose system headers need them. To get this effect on all
+platforms supported by GCC, use the asm labels extension (*note Asm
+Labels::).
+
+`redefine_extname OLDNAME NEWNAME'
+ This pragma gives the C function OLDNAME the assembly symbol
+ NEWNAME. The preprocessor macro `__PRAGMA_REDEFINE_EXTNAME' will
+ be defined if this pragma is available (currently only on Solaris).
+
+`extern_prefix STRING'
+ This pragma causes all subsequent external function and variable
+ declarations to have STRING prepended to their assembly symbols.
+ This effect may be terminated with another `extern_prefix' pragma
+ whose argument is an empty string. The preprocessor macro
+ `__PRAGMA_EXTERN_PREFIX' will be defined if this pragma is
+ available (currently only on Tru64 UNIX).
+
+ These pragmas and the asm labels extension interact in a complicated
+manner. Here are some corner cases you may want to be aware of.
+
+ 1. Both pragmas silently apply only to declarations with external
+ linkage. Asm labels do not have this restriction.
+
+ 2. In C++, both pragmas silently apply only to declarations with "C"
+ linkage. Again, asm labels do not have this restriction.
+
+ 3. If any of the three ways of changing the assembly name of a
+ declaration is applied to a declaration whose assembly name has
+ already been determined (either by a previous use of one of these
+ features, or because the compiler needed the assembly name in
+ order to generate code), and the new name is different, a warning
+ issues and the name does not change.
+
+ 4. The OLDNAME used by `#pragma redefine_extname' is always the
+ C-language name.
+
+ 5. If `#pragma extern_prefix' is in effect, and a declaration occurs
+ with an asm label attached, the prefix is silently ignored for
+ that declaration.
+
+ 6. If `#pragma extern_prefix' and `#pragma redefine_extname' apply to
+ the same declaration, whichever triggered first wins, and a
+ warning issues if they contradict each other. (We would like to
+ have `#pragma redefine_extname' always win, for consistency with
+ asm labels, but if `#pragma extern_prefix' triggers first we have
+ no way of knowing that that happened.)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Structure-Packing Pragmas, Next: Weak Pragmas, Prev: Symbol-Renaming Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.7 Structure-Packing Pragmas
+--------------------------------
+
+For compatibility with Microsoft Windows compilers, GCC supports a set
+of `#pragma' directives which change the maximum alignment of members
+of structures (other than zero-width bitfields), unions, and classes
+subsequently defined. The N value below always is required to be a
+small power of two and specifies the new alignment in bytes.
+
+ 1. `#pragma pack(N)' simply sets the new alignment.
+
+ 2. `#pragma pack()' sets the alignment to the one that was in effect
+ when compilation started (see also command line option
+ `-fpack-struct[=<n>]' *note Code Gen Options::).
+
+ 3. `#pragma pack(push[,N])' pushes the current alignment setting on
+ an internal stack and then optionally sets the new alignment.
+
+ 4. `#pragma pack(pop)' restores the alignment setting to the one
+ saved at the top of the internal stack (and removes that stack
+ entry). Note that `#pragma pack([N])' does not influence this
+ internal stack; thus it is possible to have `#pragma pack(push)'
+ followed by multiple `#pragma pack(N)' instances and finalized by
+ a single `#pragma pack(pop)'.
+
+ Some targets, e.g. i386 and powerpc, support the `ms_struct' `#pragma'
+which lays out a structure as the documented `__attribute__
+((ms_struct))'.
+ 1. `#pragma ms_struct on' turns on the layout for structures declared.
+
+ 2. `#pragma ms_struct off' turns off the layout for structures
+ declared.
+
+ 3. `#pragma ms_struct reset' goes back to the default layout.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Weak Pragmas, Next: Diagnostic Pragmas, Prev: Structure-Packing Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.8 Weak Pragmas
+-------------------
+
+For compatibility with SVR4, GCC supports a set of `#pragma' directives
+for declaring symbols to be weak, and defining weak aliases.
+
+`#pragma weak SYMBOL'
+ This pragma declares SYMBOL to be weak, as if the declaration had
+ the attribute of the same name. The pragma may appear before or
+ after the declaration of SYMBOL, but must appear before either its
+ first use or its definition. It is not an error for SYMBOL to
+ never be defined at all.
+
+`#pragma weak SYMBOL1 = SYMBOL2'
+ This pragma declares SYMBOL1 to be a weak alias of SYMBOL2. It is
+ an error if SYMBOL2 is not defined in the current translation unit.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Diagnostic Pragmas, Next: Visibility Pragmas, Prev: Weak Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.9 Diagnostic Pragmas
+-------------------------
+
+GCC allows the user to selectively enable or disable certain types of
+diagnostics, and change the kind of the diagnostic. For example, a
+project's policy might require that all sources compile with `-Werror'
+but certain files might have exceptions allowing specific types of
+warnings. Or, a project might selectively enable diagnostics and treat
+them as errors depending on which preprocessor macros are defined.
+
+`#pragma GCC diagnostic KIND OPTION'
+ Modifies the disposition of a diagnostic. Note that not all
+ diagnostics are modifiable; at the moment only warnings (normally
+ controlled by `-W...') can be controlled, and not all of them.
+ Use `-fdiagnostics-show-option' to determine which diagnostics are
+ controllable and which option controls them.
+
+ KIND is `error' to treat this diagnostic as an error, `warning' to
+ treat it like a warning (even if `-Werror' is in effect), or
+ `ignored' if the diagnostic is to be ignored. OPTION is a double
+ quoted string which matches the command line option.
+
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic warning "-Wformat"
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-Wformat"
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wformat"
+
+ Note that these pragmas override any command line options. Also,
+ while it is syntactically valid to put these pragmas anywhere in
+ your sources, the only supported location for them is before any
+ data or functions are defined. Doing otherwise may result in
+ unpredictable results depending on how the optimizer manages your
+ sources. If the same option is listed multiple times, the last
+ one specified is the one that is in effect. This pragma is not
+ intended to be a general purpose replacement for command line
+ options, but for implementing strict control over project policies.
+
+
+ GCC also offers a simple mechanism for printing messages during
+compilation.
+
+`#pragma message STRING'
+ Prints STRING as a compiler message on compilation. The message
+ is informational only, and is neither a compilation warning nor an
+ error.
+
+ #pragma message "Compiling " __FILE__ "..."
+
+ STRING may be parenthesized, and is printed with location
+ information. For example,
+
+ #define DO_PRAGMA(x) _Pragma (#x)
+ #define TODO(x) DO_PRAGMA(message ("TODO - " #x))
+
+ TODO(Remember to fix this)
+
+ prints `/tmp/file.c:4: note: #pragma message: TODO - Remember to
+ fix this'.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Visibility Pragmas, Next: Push/Pop Macro Pragmas, Prev: Diagnostic Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.10 Visibility Pragmas
+--------------------------
+
+`#pragma GCC visibility push(VISIBILITY)'
+`#pragma GCC visibility pop'
+ This pragma allows the user to set the visibility for multiple
+ declarations without having to give each a visibility attribute
+ *Note Function Attributes::, for more information about visibility
+ and the attribute syntax.
+
+ In C++, `#pragma GCC visibility' affects only namespace-scope
+ declarations. Class members and template specializations are not
+ affected; if you want to override the visibility for a particular
+ member or instantiation, you must use an attribute.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Push/Pop Macro Pragmas, Next: Function Specific Option Pragmas, Prev: Visibility Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.11 Push/Pop Macro Pragmas
+------------------------------
+
+For compatibility with Microsoft Windows compilers, GCC supports
+`#pragma push_macro("MACRO_NAME")' and `#pragma
+pop_macro("MACRO_NAME")'.
+
+`#pragma push_macro("MACRO_NAME")'
+ This pragma saves the value of the macro named as MACRO_NAME to
+ the top of the stack for this macro.
+
+`#pragma pop_macro("MACRO_NAME")'
+ This pragma sets the value of the macro named as MACRO_NAME to the
+ value on top of the stack for this macro. If the stack for
+ MACRO_NAME is empty, the value of the macro remains unchanged.
+
+ For example:
+
+ #define X 1
+ #pragma push_macro("X")
+ #undef X
+ #define X -1
+ #pragma pop_macro("X")
+ int x [X];
+
+ In this example, the definition of X as 1 is saved by `#pragma
+push_macro' and restored by `#pragma pop_macro'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Function Specific Option Pragmas, Prev: Push/Pop Macro Pragmas, Up: Pragmas
+
+5.52.12 Function Specific Option Pragmas
+----------------------------------------
+
+`#pragma GCC target ("STRING"...)'
+ This pragma allows you to set target specific options for functions
+ defined later in the source file. One or more strings can be
+ specified. Each function that is defined after this point will be
+ as if `attribute((target("STRING")))' was specified for that
+ function. The parenthesis around the options is optional. *Note
+ Function Attributes::, for more information about the `target'
+ attribute and the attribute syntax.
+
+ The `#pragma GCC target' pragma is not implemented in GCC versions
+ earlier than 4.4, and is currently only implemented for the 386
+ and x86_64 backends.
+
+`#pragma GCC optimize ("STRING"...)'
+ This pragma allows you to set global optimization options for
+ functions defined later in the source file. One or more strings
+ can be specified. Each function that is defined after this point
+ will be as if `attribute((optimize("STRING")))' was specified for
+ that function. The parenthesis around the options is optional.
+ *Note Function Attributes::, for more information about the
+ `optimize' attribute and the attribute syntax.
+
+ The `#pragma GCC optimize' pragma is not implemented in GCC
+ versions earlier than 4.4.
+
+`#pragma GCC push_options'
+`#pragma GCC pop_options'
+ These pragmas maintain a stack of the current target and
+ optimization options. It is intended for include files where you
+ temporarily want to switch to using a different `#pragma GCC
+ target' or `#pragma GCC optimize' and then to pop back to the
+ previous options.
+
+ The `#pragma GCC push_options' and `#pragma GCC pop_options'
+ pragmas are not implemented in GCC versions earlier than 4.4.
+
+`#pragma GCC reset_options'
+ This pragma clears the current `#pragma GCC target' and `#pragma
+ GCC optimize' to use the default switches as specified on the
+ command line.
+
+ The `#pragma GCC reset_options' pragma is not implemented in GCC
+ versions earlier than 4.4.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Unnamed Fields, Next: Thread-Local, Prev: Pragmas, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.53 Unnamed struct/union fields within structs/unions
+======================================================
+
+For compatibility with other compilers, GCC allows you to define a
+structure or union that contains, as fields, structures and unions
+without names. For example:
+
+ struct {
+ int a;
+ union {
+ int b;
+ float c;
+ };
+ int d;
+ } foo;
+
+ In this example, the user would be able to access members of the
+unnamed union with code like `foo.b'. Note that only unnamed structs
+and unions are allowed, you may not have, for example, an unnamed `int'.
+
+ You must never create such structures that cause ambiguous field
+definitions. For example, this structure:
+
+ struct {
+ int a;
+ struct {
+ int a;
+ };
+ } foo;
+
+ It is ambiguous which `a' is being referred to with `foo.a'. Such
+constructs are not supported and must be avoided. In the future, such
+constructs may be detected and treated as compilation errors.
+
+ Unless `-fms-extensions' is used, the unnamed field must be a
+structure or union definition without a tag (for example, `struct { int
+a; };'). If `-fms-extensions' is used, the field may also be a
+definition with a tag such as `struct foo { int a; };', a reference to
+a previously defined structure or union such as `struct foo;', or a
+reference to a `typedef' name for a previously defined structure or
+union type.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Thread-Local, Next: Binary constants, Prev: Unnamed Fields, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.54 Thread-Local Storage
+=========================
+
+Thread-local storage (TLS) is a mechanism by which variables are
+allocated such that there is one instance of the variable per extant
+thread. The run-time model GCC uses to implement this originates in
+the IA-64 processor-specific ABI, but has since been migrated to other
+processors as well. It requires significant support from the linker
+(`ld'), dynamic linker (`ld.so'), and system libraries (`libc.so' and
+`libpthread.so'), so it is not available everywhere.
+
+ At the user level, the extension is visible with a new storage class
+keyword: `__thread'. For example:
+
+ __thread int i;
+ extern __thread struct state s;
+ static __thread char *p;
+
+ The `__thread' specifier may be used alone, with the `extern' or
+`static' specifiers, but with no other storage class specifier. When
+used with `extern' or `static', `__thread' must appear immediately
+after the other storage class specifier.
+
+ The `__thread' specifier may be applied to any global, file-scoped
+static, function-scoped static, or static data member of a class. It
+may not be applied to block-scoped automatic or non-static data member.
+
+ When the address-of operator is applied to a thread-local variable, it
+is evaluated at run-time and returns the address of the current thread's
+instance of that variable. An address so obtained may be used by any
+thread. When a thread terminates, any pointers to thread-local
+variables in that thread become invalid.
+
+ No static initialization may refer to the address of a thread-local
+variable.
+
+ In C++, if an initializer is present for a thread-local variable, it
+must be a CONSTANT-EXPRESSION, as defined in 5.19.2 of the ANSI/ISO C++
+standard.
+
+ See ELF Handling For Thread-Local Storage
+(http://people.redhat.com/drepper/tls.pdf) for a detailed explanation of
+the four thread-local storage addressing models, and how the run-time
+is expected to function.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* C99 Thread-Local Edits::
+* C++98 Thread-Local Edits::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C99 Thread-Local Edits, Next: C++98 Thread-Local Edits, Up: Thread-Local
+
+5.54.1 ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Edits for Thread-Local Storage
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+The following are a set of changes to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (aka C99) that
+document the exact semantics of the language extension.
+
+ * `5.1.2 Execution environments'
+
+ Add new text after paragraph 1
+
+ Within either execution environment, a "thread" is a flow of
+ control within a program. It is implementation defined
+ whether or not there may be more than one thread associated
+ with a program. It is implementation defined how threads
+ beyond the first are created, the name and type of the
+ function called at thread startup, and how threads may be
+ terminated. However, objects with thread storage duration
+ shall be initialized before thread startup.
+
+ * `6.2.4 Storage durations of objects'
+
+ Add new text before paragraph 3
+
+ An object whose identifier is declared with the storage-class
+ specifier `__thread' has "thread storage duration". Its
+ lifetime is the entire execution of the thread, and its
+ stored value is initialized only once, prior to thread
+ startup.
+
+ * `6.4.1 Keywords'
+
+ Add `__thread'.
+
+ * `6.7.1 Storage-class specifiers'
+
+ Add `__thread' to the list of storage class specifiers in
+ paragraph 1.
+
+ Change paragraph 2 to
+
+ With the exception of `__thread', at most one storage-class
+ specifier may be given [...]. The `__thread' specifier may
+ be used alone, or immediately following `extern' or `static'.
+
+ Add new text after paragraph 6
+
+ The declaration of an identifier for a variable that has
+ block scope that specifies `__thread' shall also specify
+ either `extern' or `static'.
+
+ The `__thread' specifier shall be used only with variables.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++98 Thread-Local Edits, Prev: C99 Thread-Local Edits, Up: Thread-Local
+
+5.54.2 ISO/IEC 14882:1998 Edits for Thread-Local Storage
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
+The following are a set of changes to ISO/IEC 14882:1998 (aka C++98)
+that document the exact semantics of the language extension.
+
+ * [intro.execution]
+
+ New text after paragraph 4
+
+ A "thread" is a flow of control within the abstract machine.
+ It is implementation defined whether or not there may be more
+ than one thread.
+
+ New text after paragraph 7
+
+ It is unspecified whether additional action must be taken to
+ ensure when and whether side effects are visible to other
+ threads.
+
+ * [lex.key]
+
+ Add `__thread'.
+
+ * [basic.start.main]
+
+ Add after paragraph 5
+
+ The thread that begins execution at the `main' function is
+ called the "main thread". It is implementation defined how
+ functions beginning threads other than the main thread are
+ designated or typed. A function so designated, as well as
+ the `main' function, is called a "thread startup function".
+ It is implementation defined what happens if a thread startup
+ function returns. It is implementation defined what happens
+ to other threads when any thread calls `exit'.
+
+ * [basic.start.init]
+
+ Add after paragraph 4
+
+ The storage for an object of thread storage duration shall be
+ statically initialized before the first statement of the
+ thread startup function. An object of thread storage
+ duration shall not require dynamic initialization.
+
+ * [basic.start.term]
+
+ Add after paragraph 3
+
+ The type of an object with thread storage duration shall not
+ have a non-trivial destructor, nor shall it be an array type
+ whose elements (directly or indirectly) have non-trivial
+ destructors.
+
+ * [basic.stc]
+
+ Add "thread storage duration" to the list in paragraph 1.
+
+ Change paragraph 2
+
+ Thread, static, and automatic storage durations are
+ associated with objects introduced by declarations [...].
+
+ Add `__thread' to the list of specifiers in paragraph 3.
+
+ * [basic.stc.thread]
+
+ New section before [basic.stc.static]
+
+ The keyword `__thread' applied to a non-local object gives the
+ object thread storage duration.
+
+ A local variable or class data member declared both `static'
+ and `__thread' gives the variable or member thread storage
+ duration.
+
+ * [basic.stc.static]
+
+ Change paragraph 1
+
+ All objects which have neither thread storage duration,
+ dynamic storage duration nor are local [...].
+
+ * [dcl.stc]
+
+ Add `__thread' to the list in paragraph 1.
+
+ Change paragraph 1
+
+ With the exception of `__thread', at most one
+ STORAGE-CLASS-SPECIFIER shall appear in a given
+ DECL-SPECIFIER-SEQ. The `__thread' specifier may be used
+ alone, or immediately following the `extern' or `static'
+ specifiers. [...]
+
+ Add after paragraph 5
+
+ The `__thread' specifier can be applied only to the names of
+ objects and to anonymous unions.
+
+ * [class.mem]
+
+ Add after paragraph 6
+
+ Non-`static' members shall not be `__thread'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Binary constants, Prev: Thread-Local, Up: C Extensions
+
+5.55 Binary constants using the `0b' prefix
+===========================================
+
+Integer constants can be written as binary constants, consisting of a
+sequence of `0' and `1' digits, prefixed by `0b' or `0B'. This is
+particularly useful in environments that operate a lot on the bit-level
+(like microcontrollers).
+
+ The following statements are identical:
+
+ i = 42;
+ i = 0x2a;
+ i = 052;
+ i = 0b101010;
+
+ The type of these constants follows the same rules as for octal or
+hexadecimal integer constants, so suffixes like `L' or `UL' can be
+applied.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Extensions, Next: Objective-C, Prev: C Extensions, Up: Top
+
+6 Extensions to the C++ Language
+********************************
+
+The GNU compiler provides these extensions to the C++ language (and you
+can also use most of the C language extensions in your C++ programs).
+If you want to write code that checks whether these features are
+available, you can test for the GNU compiler the same way as for C
+programs: check for a predefined macro `__GNUC__'. You can also use
+`__GNUG__' to test specifically for GNU C++ (*note Predefined Macros:
+(cpp)Common Predefined Macros.).
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Volatiles:: What constitutes an access to a volatile object.
+* Restricted Pointers:: C99 restricted pointers and references.
+* Vague Linkage:: Where G++ puts inlines, vtables and such.
+* C++ Interface:: You can use a single C++ header file for both
+ declarations and definitions.
+* Template Instantiation:: Methods for ensuring that exactly one copy of
+ each needed template instantiation is emitted.
+* Bound member functions:: You can extract a function pointer to the
+ method denoted by a `->*' or `.*' expression.
+* C++ Attributes:: Variable, function, and type attributes for C++ only.
+* Namespace Association:: Strong using-directives for namespace association.
+* Type Traits:: Compiler support for type traits
+* Java Exceptions:: Tweaking exception handling to work with Java.
+* Deprecated Features:: Things will disappear from g++.
+* Backwards Compatibility:: Compatibilities with earlier definitions of C++.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Volatiles, Next: Restricted Pointers, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.1 When is a Volatile Object Accessed?
+=======================================
+
+Both the C and C++ standard have the concept of volatile objects. These
+are normally accessed by pointers and used for accessing hardware. The
+standards encourage compilers to refrain from optimizations concerning
+accesses to volatile objects. The C standard leaves it implementation
+defined as to what constitutes a volatile access. The C++ standard
+omits to specify this, except to say that C++ should behave in a
+similar manner to C with respect to volatiles, where possible. The
+minimum either standard specifies is that at a sequence point all
+previous accesses to volatile objects have stabilized and no subsequent
+accesses have occurred. Thus an implementation is free to reorder and
+combine volatile accesses which occur between sequence points, but
+cannot do so for accesses across a sequence point. The use of
+volatiles does not allow you to violate the restriction on updating
+objects multiple times within a sequence point.
+
+ *Note Volatile qualifier and the C compiler: Qualifiers implementation.
+
+ The behavior differs slightly between C and C++ in the non-obvious
+cases:
+
+ volatile int *src = SOMEVALUE;
+ *src;
+
+ With C, such expressions are rvalues, and GCC interprets this either
+as a read of the volatile object being pointed to or only as request to
+evaluate the side-effects. The C++ standard specifies that such
+expressions do not undergo lvalue to rvalue conversion, and that the
+type of the dereferenced object may be incomplete. The C++ standard
+does not specify explicitly that it is this lvalue to rvalue conversion
+which may be responsible for causing an access. However, there is
+reason to believe that it is, because otherwise certain simple
+expressions become undefined. However, because it would surprise most
+programmers, G++ treats dereferencing a pointer to volatile object of
+complete type when the value is unused as GCC would do for an
+equivalent type in C. When the object has incomplete type, G++ issues
+a warning; if you wish to force an error, you must force a conversion
+to rvalue with, for instance, a static cast.
+
+ When using a reference to volatile, G++ does not treat equivalent
+expressions as accesses to volatiles, but instead issues a warning that
+no volatile is accessed. The rationale for this is that otherwise it
+becomes difficult to determine where volatile access occur, and not
+possible to ignore the return value from functions returning volatile
+references. Again, if you wish to force a read, cast the reference to
+an rvalue.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Restricted Pointers, Next: Vague Linkage, Prev: Volatiles, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.2 Restricting Pointer Aliasing
+================================
+
+As with the C front end, G++ understands the C99 feature of restricted
+pointers, specified with the `__restrict__', or `__restrict' type
+qualifier. Because you cannot compile C++ by specifying the `-std=c99'
+language flag, `restrict' is not a keyword in C++.
+
+ In addition to allowing restricted pointers, you can specify restricted
+references, which indicate that the reference is not aliased in the
+local context.
+
+ void fn (int *__restrict__ rptr, int &__restrict__ rref)
+ {
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+In the body of `fn', RPTR points to an unaliased integer and RREF
+refers to a (different) unaliased integer.
+
+ You may also specify whether a member function's THIS pointer is
+unaliased by using `__restrict__' as a member function qualifier.
+
+ void T::fn () __restrict__
+ {
+ /* ... */
+ }
+
+Within the body of `T::fn', THIS will have the effective definition `T
+*__restrict__ const this'. Notice that the interpretation of a
+`__restrict__' member function qualifier is different to that of
+`const' or `volatile' qualifier, in that it is applied to the pointer
+rather than the object. This is consistent with other compilers which
+implement restricted pointers.
+
+ As with all outermost parameter qualifiers, `__restrict__' is ignored
+in function definition matching. This means you only need to specify
+`__restrict__' in a function definition, rather than in a function
+prototype as well.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Vague Linkage, Next: C++ Interface, Prev: Restricted Pointers, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.3 Vague Linkage
+=================
+
+There are several constructs in C++ which require space in the object
+file but are not clearly tied to a single translation unit. We say that
+these constructs have "vague linkage". Typically such constructs are
+emitted wherever they are needed, though sometimes we can be more
+clever.
+
+Inline Functions
+ Inline functions are typically defined in a header file which can
+ be included in many different compilations. Hopefully they can
+ usually be inlined, but sometimes an out-of-line copy is
+ necessary, if the address of the function is taken or if inlining
+ fails. In general, we emit an out-of-line copy in all translation
+ units where one is needed. As an exception, we only emit inline
+ virtual functions with the vtable, since it will always require a
+ copy.
+
+ Local static variables and string constants used in an inline
+ function are also considered to have vague linkage, since they
+ must be shared between all inlined and out-of-line instances of
+ the function.
+
+VTables
+ C++ virtual functions are implemented in most compilers using a
+ lookup table, known as a vtable. The vtable contains pointers to
+ the virtual functions provided by a class, and each object of the
+ class contains a pointer to its vtable (or vtables, in some
+ multiple-inheritance situations). If the class declares any
+ non-inline, non-pure virtual functions, the first one is chosen as
+ the "key method" for the class, and the vtable is only emitted in
+ the translation unit where the key method is defined.
+
+ _Note:_ If the chosen key method is later defined as inline, the
+ vtable will still be emitted in every translation unit which
+ defines it. Make sure that any inline virtuals are declared
+ inline in the class body, even if they are not defined there.
+
+type_info objects
+ C++ requires information about types to be written out in order to
+ implement `dynamic_cast', `typeid' and exception handling. For
+ polymorphic classes (classes with virtual functions), the type_info
+ object is written out along with the vtable so that `dynamic_cast'
+ can determine the dynamic type of a class object at runtime. For
+ all other types, we write out the type_info object when it is
+ used: when applying `typeid' to an expression, throwing an object,
+ or referring to a type in a catch clause or exception
+ specification.
+
+Template Instantiations
+ Most everything in this section also applies to template
+ instantiations, but there are other options as well. *Note
+ Where's the Template?: Template Instantiation.
+
+
+ When used with GNU ld version 2.8 or later on an ELF system such as
+GNU/Linux or Solaris 2, or on Microsoft Windows, duplicate copies of
+these constructs will be discarded at link time. This is known as
+COMDAT support.
+
+ On targets that don't support COMDAT, but do support weak symbols, GCC
+will use them. This way one copy will override all the others, but the
+unused copies will still take up space in the executable.
+
+ For targets which do not support either COMDAT or weak symbols, most
+entities with vague linkage will be emitted as local symbols to avoid
+duplicate definition errors from the linker. This will not happen for
+local statics in inlines, however, as having multiple copies will
+almost certainly break things.
+
+ *Note Declarations and Definitions in One Header: C++ Interface, for
+another way to control placement of these constructs.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Interface, Next: Template Instantiation, Prev: Vague Linkage, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.4 #pragma interface and implementation
+========================================
+
+`#pragma interface' and `#pragma implementation' provide the user with
+a way of explicitly directing the compiler to emit entities with vague
+linkage (and debugging information) in a particular translation unit.
+
+ _Note:_ As of GCC 2.7.2, these `#pragma's are not useful in most
+cases, because of COMDAT support and the "key method" heuristic
+mentioned in *note Vague Linkage::. Using them can actually cause your
+program to grow due to unnecessary out-of-line copies of inline
+functions. Currently (3.4) the only benefit of these `#pragma's is
+reduced duplication of debugging information, and that should be
+addressed soon on DWARF 2 targets with the use of COMDAT groups.
+
+`#pragma interface'
+`#pragma interface "SUBDIR/OBJECTS.h"'
+ Use this directive in _header files_ that define object classes,
+ to save space in most of the object files that use those classes.
+ Normally, local copies of certain information (backup copies of
+ inline member functions, debugging information, and the internal
+ tables that implement virtual functions) must be kept in each
+ object file that includes class definitions. You can use this
+ pragma to avoid such duplication. When a header file containing
+ `#pragma interface' is included in a compilation, this auxiliary
+ information will not be generated (unless the main input source
+ file itself uses `#pragma implementation'). Instead, the object
+ files will contain references to be resolved at link time.
+
+ The second form of this directive is useful for the case where you
+ have multiple headers with the same name in different directories.
+ If you use this form, you must specify the same string to `#pragma
+ implementation'.
+
+`#pragma implementation'
+`#pragma implementation "OBJECTS.h"'
+ Use this pragma in a _main input file_, when you want full output
+ from included header files to be generated (and made globally
+ visible). The included header file, in turn, should use `#pragma
+ interface'. Backup copies of inline member functions, debugging
+ information, and the internal tables used to implement virtual
+ functions are all generated in implementation files.
+
+ If you use `#pragma implementation' with no argument, it applies to
+ an include file with the same basename(1) as your source file.
+ For example, in `allclass.cc', giving just `#pragma implementation'
+ by itself is equivalent to `#pragma implementation "allclass.h"'.
+
+ In versions of GNU C++ prior to 2.6.0 `allclass.h' was treated as
+ an implementation file whenever you would include it from
+ `allclass.cc' even if you never specified `#pragma
+ implementation'. This was deemed to be more trouble than it was
+ worth, however, and disabled.
+
+ Use the string argument if you want a single implementation file to
+ include code from multiple header files. (You must also use
+ `#include' to include the header file; `#pragma implementation'
+ only specifies how to use the file--it doesn't actually include
+ it.)
+
+ There is no way to split up the contents of a single header file
+ into multiple implementation files.
+
+ `#pragma implementation' and `#pragma interface' also have an effect
+on function inlining.
+
+ If you define a class in a header file marked with `#pragma
+interface', the effect on an inline function defined in that class is
+similar to an explicit `extern' declaration--the compiler emits no code
+at all to define an independent version of the function. Its
+definition is used only for inlining with its callers.
+
+ Conversely, when you include the same header file in a main source file
+that declares it as `#pragma implementation', the compiler emits code
+for the function itself; this defines a version of the function that
+can be found via pointers (or by callers compiled without inlining).
+If all calls to the function can be inlined, you can avoid emitting the
+function by compiling with `-fno-implement-inlines'. If any calls were
+not inlined, you will get linker errors.
+
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) A file's "basename" was the name stripped of all leading path
+information and of trailing suffixes, such as `.h' or `.C' or `.cc'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Template Instantiation, Next: Bound member functions, Prev: C++ Interface, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.5 Where's the Template?
+=========================
+
+C++ templates are the first language feature to require more
+intelligence from the environment than one usually finds on a UNIX
+system. Somehow the compiler and linker have to make sure that each
+template instance occurs exactly once in the executable if it is needed,
+and not at all otherwise. There are two basic approaches to this
+problem, which are referred to as the Borland model and the Cfront
+model.
+
+Borland model
+ Borland C++ solved the template instantiation problem by adding
+ the code equivalent of common blocks to their linker; the compiler
+ emits template instances in each translation unit that uses them,
+ and the linker collapses them together. The advantage of this
+ model is that the linker only has to consider the object files
+ themselves; there is no external complexity to worry about. This
+ disadvantage is that compilation time is increased because the
+ template code is being compiled repeatedly. Code written for this
+ model tends to include definitions of all templates in the header
+ file, since they must be seen to be instantiated.
+
+Cfront model
+ The AT&T C++ translator, Cfront, solved the template instantiation
+ problem by creating the notion of a template repository, an
+ automatically maintained place where template instances are
+ stored. A more modern version of the repository works as follows:
+ As individual object files are built, the compiler places any
+ template definitions and instantiations encountered in the
+ repository. At link time, the link wrapper adds in the objects in
+ the repository and compiles any needed instances that were not
+ previously emitted. The advantages of this model are more optimal
+ compilation speed and the ability to use the system linker; to
+ implement the Borland model a compiler vendor also needs to
+ replace the linker. The disadvantages are vastly increased
+ complexity, and thus potential for error; for some code this can be
+ just as transparent, but in practice it can been very difficult to
+ build multiple programs in one directory and one program in
+ multiple directories. Code written for this model tends to
+ separate definitions of non-inline member templates into a
+ separate file, which should be compiled separately.
+
+ When used with GNU ld version 2.8 or later on an ELF system such as
+GNU/Linux or Solaris 2, or on Microsoft Windows, G++ supports the
+Borland model. On other systems, G++ implements neither automatic
+model.
+
+ A future version of G++ will support a hybrid model whereby the
+compiler will emit any instantiations for which the template definition
+is included in the compile, and store template definitions and
+instantiation context information into the object file for the rest.
+The link wrapper will extract that information as necessary and invoke
+the compiler to produce the remaining instantiations. The linker will
+then combine duplicate instantiations.
+
+ In the mean time, you have the following options for dealing with
+template instantiations:
+
+ 1. Compile your template-using code with `-frepo'. The compiler will
+ generate files with the extension `.rpo' listing all of the
+ template instantiations used in the corresponding object files
+ which could be instantiated there; the link wrapper, `collect2',
+ will then update the `.rpo' files to tell the compiler where to
+ place those instantiations and rebuild any affected object files.
+ The link-time overhead is negligible after the first pass, as the
+ compiler will continue to place the instantiations in the same
+ files.
+
+ This is your best option for application code written for the
+ Borland model, as it will just work. Code written for the Cfront
+ model will need to be modified so that the template definitions
+ are available at one or more points of instantiation; usually this
+ is as simple as adding `#include <tmethods.cc>' to the end of each
+ template header.
+
+ For library code, if you want the library to provide all of the
+ template instantiations it needs, just try to link all of its
+ object files together; the link will fail, but cause the
+ instantiations to be generated as a side effect. Be warned,
+ however, that this may cause conflicts if multiple libraries try
+ to provide the same instantiations. For greater control, use
+ explicit instantiation as described in the next option.
+
+ 2. Compile your code with `-fno-implicit-templates' to disable the
+ implicit generation of template instances, and explicitly
+ instantiate all the ones you use. This approach requires more
+ knowledge of exactly which instances you need than do the others,
+ but it's less mysterious and allows greater control. You can
+ scatter the explicit instantiations throughout your program,
+ perhaps putting them in the translation units where the instances
+ are used or the translation units that define the templates
+ themselves; you can put all of the explicit instantiations you
+ need into one big file; or you can create small files like
+
+ #include "Foo.h"
+ #include "Foo.cc"
+
+ template class Foo<int>;
+ template ostream& operator <<
+ (ostream&, const Foo<int>&);
+
+ for each of the instances you need, and create a template
+ instantiation library from those.
+
+ If you are using Cfront-model code, you can probably get away with
+ not using `-fno-implicit-templates' when compiling files that don't
+ `#include' the member template definitions.
+
+ If you use one big file to do the instantiations, you may want to
+ compile it without `-fno-implicit-templates' so you get all of the
+ instances required by your explicit instantiations (but not by any
+ other files) without having to specify them as well.
+
+ G++ has extended the template instantiation syntax given in the ISO
+ standard to allow forward declaration of explicit instantiations
+ (with `extern'), instantiation of the compiler support data for a
+ template class (i.e. the vtable) without instantiating any of its
+ members (with `inline'), and instantiation of only the static data
+ members of a template class, without the support data or member
+ functions (with (`static'):
+
+ extern template int max (int, int);
+ inline template class Foo<int>;
+ static template class Foo<int>;
+
+ 3. Do nothing. Pretend G++ does implement automatic instantiation
+ management. Code written for the Borland model will work fine, but
+ each translation unit will contain instances of each of the
+ templates it uses. In a large program, this can lead to an
+ unacceptable amount of code duplication.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Bound member functions, Next: C++ Attributes, Prev: Template Instantiation, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.6 Extracting the function pointer from a bound pointer to member function
+===========================================================================
+
+In C++, pointer to member functions (PMFs) are implemented using a wide
+pointer of sorts to handle all the possible call mechanisms; the PMF
+needs to store information about how to adjust the `this' pointer, and
+if the function pointed to is virtual, where to find the vtable, and
+where in the vtable to look for the member function. If you are using
+PMFs in an inner loop, you should really reconsider that decision. If
+that is not an option, you can extract the pointer to the function that
+would be called for a given object/PMF pair and call it directly inside
+the inner loop, to save a bit of time.
+
+ Note that you will still be paying the penalty for the call through a
+function pointer; on most modern architectures, such a call defeats the
+branch prediction features of the CPU. This is also true of normal
+virtual function calls.
+
+ The syntax for this extension is
+
+ extern A a;
+ extern int (A::*fp)();
+ typedef int (*fptr)(A *);
+
+ fptr p = (fptr)(a.*fp);
+
+ For PMF constants (i.e. expressions of the form `&Klasse::Member'), no
+object is needed to obtain the address of the function. They can be
+converted to function pointers directly:
+
+ fptr p1 = (fptr)(&A::foo);
+
+ You must specify `-Wno-pmf-conversions' to use this extension.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Attributes, Next: Namespace Association, Prev: Bound member functions, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.7 C++-Specific Variable, Function, and Type Attributes
+========================================================
+
+Some attributes only make sense for C++ programs.
+
+`init_priority (PRIORITY)'
+ In Standard C++, objects defined at namespace scope are guaranteed
+ to be initialized in an order in strict accordance with that of
+ their definitions _in a given translation unit_. No guarantee is
+ made for initializations across translation units. However, GNU
+ C++ allows users to control the order of initialization of objects
+ defined at namespace scope with the `init_priority' attribute by
+ specifying a relative PRIORITY, a constant integral expression
+ currently bounded between 101 and 65535 inclusive. Lower numbers
+ indicate a higher priority.
+
+ In the following example, `A' would normally be created before
+ `B', but the `init_priority' attribute has reversed that order:
+
+ Some_Class A __attribute__ ((init_priority (2000)));
+ Some_Class B __attribute__ ((init_priority (543)));
+
+ Note that the particular values of PRIORITY do not matter; only
+ their relative ordering.
+
+`java_interface'
+ This type attribute informs C++ that the class is a Java
+ interface. It may only be applied to classes declared within an
+ `extern "Java"' block. Calls to methods declared in this
+ interface will be dispatched using GCJ's interface table
+ mechanism, instead of regular virtual table dispatch.
+
+
+ See also *note Namespace Association::.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Namespace Association, Next: Type Traits, Prev: C++ Attributes, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.8 Namespace Association
+=========================
+
+*Caution:* The semantics of this extension are not fully defined.
+Users should refrain from using this extension as its semantics may
+change subtly over time. It is possible that this extension will be
+removed in future versions of G++.
+
+ A using-directive with `__attribute ((strong))' is stronger than a
+normal using-directive in two ways:
+
+ * Templates from the used namespace can be specialized and explicitly
+ instantiated as though they were members of the using namespace.
+
+ * The using namespace is considered an associated namespace of all
+ templates in the used namespace for purposes of argument-dependent
+ name lookup.
+
+ The used namespace must be nested within the using namespace so that
+normal unqualified lookup works properly.
+
+ This is useful for composing a namespace transparently from
+implementation namespaces. For example:
+
+ namespace std {
+ namespace debug {
+ template <class T> struct A { };
+ }
+ using namespace debug __attribute ((__strong__));
+ template <> struct A<int> { }; // ok to specialize
+
+ template <class T> void f (A<T>);
+ }
+
+ int main()
+ {
+ f (std::A<float>()); // lookup finds std::f
+ f (std::A<int>());
+ }
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Type Traits, Next: Java Exceptions, Prev: Namespace Association, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.9 Type Traits
+===============
+
+The C++ front-end implements syntactic extensions that allow to
+determine at compile time various characteristics of a type (or of a
+pair of types).
+
+`__has_nothrow_assign (type)'
+ If `type' is const qualified or is a reference type then the trait
+ is false. Otherwise if `__has_trivial_assign (type)' is true then
+ the trait is true, else if `type' is a cv class or union type with
+ copy assignment operators that are known not to throw an exception
+ then the trait is true, else it is false. Requires: `type' shall
+ be a complete type, an array type of unknown bound, or is a `void'
+ type.
+
+`__has_nothrow_copy (type)'
+ If `__has_trivial_copy (type)' is true then the trait is true,
+ else if `type' is a cv class or union type with copy constructors
+ that are known not to throw an exception then the trait is true,
+ else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an
+ array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_nothrow_constructor (type)'
+ If `__has_trivial_constructor (type)' is true then the trait is
+ true, else if `type' is a cv class or union type (or array
+ thereof) with a default constructor that is known not to throw an
+ exception then the trait is true, else it is false. Requires:
+ `type' shall be a complete type, an array type of unknown bound,
+ or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_trivial_assign (type)'
+ If `type' is const qualified or is a reference type then the trait
+ is false. Otherwise if `__is_pod (type)' is true then the trait is
+ true, else if `type' is a cv class or union type with a trivial
+ copy assignment ([class.copy]) then the trait is true, else it is
+ false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an array type
+ of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_trivial_copy (type)'
+ If `__is_pod (type)' is true or `type' is a reference type then
+ the trait is true, else if `type' is a cv class or union type with
+ a trivial copy constructor ([class.copy]) then the trait is true,
+ else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an
+ array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_trivial_constructor (type)'
+ If `__is_pod (type)' is true then the trait is true, else if
+ `type' is a cv class or union type (or array thereof) with a
+ trivial default constructor ([class.ctor]) then the trait is true,
+ else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an
+ array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_trivial_destructor (type)'
+ If `__is_pod (type)' is true or `type' is a reference type then
+ the trait is true, else if `type' is a cv class or union type (or
+ array thereof) with a trivial destructor ([class.dtor]) then the
+ trait is true, else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a
+ complete type, an array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__has_virtual_destructor (type)'
+ If `type' is a class type with a virtual destructor ([class.dtor])
+ then the trait is true, else it is false. Requires: `type' shall
+ be a complete type, an array type of unknown bound, or is a `void'
+ type.
+
+`__is_abstract (type)'
+ If `type' is an abstract class ([class.abstract]) then the trait
+ is true, else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete
+ type, an array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__is_base_of (base_type, derived_type)'
+ If `base_type' is a base class of `derived_type' ([class.derived])
+ then the trait is true, otherwise it is false. Top-level cv
+ qualifications of `base_type' and `derived_type' are ignored. For
+ the purposes of this trait, a class type is considered is own
+ base. Requires: if `__is_class (base_type)' and `__is_class
+ (derived_type)' are true and `base_type' and `derived_type' are
+ not the same type (disregarding cv-qualifiers), `derived_type'
+ shall be a complete type. Diagnostic is produced if this
+ requirement is not met.
+
+`__is_class (type)'
+ If `type' is a cv class type, and not a union type
+ ([basic.compound]) the trait is true, else it is false.
+
+`__is_empty (type)'
+ If `__is_class (type)' is false then the trait is false.
+ Otherwise `type' is considered empty if and only if: `type' has no
+ non-static data members, or all non-static data members, if any,
+ are bit-fields of length 0, and `type' has no virtual members, and
+ `type' has no virtual base classes, and `type' has no base classes
+ `base_type' for which `__is_empty (base_type)' is false.
+ Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an array type of
+ unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__is_enum (type)'
+ If `type' is a cv enumeration type ([basic.compound]) the trait is
+ true, else it is false.
+
+`__is_pod (type)'
+ If `type' is a cv POD type ([basic.types]) then the trait is true,
+ else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete type, an
+ array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__is_polymorphic (type)'
+ If `type' is a polymorphic class ([class.virtual]) then the trait
+ is true, else it is false. Requires: `type' shall be a complete
+ type, an array type of unknown bound, or is a `void' type.
+
+`__is_union (type)'
+ If `type' is a cv union type ([basic.compound]) the trait is true,
+ else it is false.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Java Exceptions, Next: Deprecated Features, Prev: Type Traits, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.10 Java Exceptions
+====================
+
+The Java language uses a slightly different exception handling model
+from C++. Normally, GNU C++ will automatically detect when you are
+writing C++ code that uses Java exceptions, and handle them
+appropriately. However, if C++ code only needs to execute destructors
+when Java exceptions are thrown through it, GCC will guess incorrectly.
+Sample problematic code is:
+
+ struct S { ~S(); };
+ extern void bar(); // is written in Java, and may throw exceptions
+ void foo()
+ {
+ S s;
+ bar();
+ }
+
+The usual effect of an incorrect guess is a link failure, complaining of
+a missing routine called `__gxx_personality_v0'.
+
+ You can inform the compiler that Java exceptions are to be used in a
+translation unit, irrespective of what it might think, by writing
+`#pragma GCC java_exceptions' at the head of the file. This `#pragma'
+must appear before any functions that throw or catch exceptions, or run
+destructors when exceptions are thrown through them.
+
+ You cannot mix Java and C++ exceptions in the same translation unit.
+It is believed to be safe to throw a C++ exception from one file through
+another file compiled for the Java exception model, or vice versa, but
+there may be bugs in this area.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Deprecated Features, Next: Backwards Compatibility, Prev: Java Exceptions, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.11 Deprecated Features
+========================
+
+In the past, the GNU C++ compiler was extended to experiment with new
+features, at a time when the C++ language was still evolving. Now that
+the C++ standard is complete, some of those features are superseded by
+superior alternatives. Using the old features might cause a warning in
+some cases that the feature will be dropped in the future. In other
+cases, the feature might be gone already.
+
+ While the list below is not exhaustive, it documents some of the
+options that are now deprecated:
+
+`-fexternal-templates'
+`-falt-external-templates'
+ These are two of the many ways for G++ to implement template
+ instantiation. *Note Template Instantiation::. The C++ standard
+ clearly defines how template definitions have to be organized
+ across implementation units. G++ has an implicit instantiation
+ mechanism that should work just fine for standard-conforming code.
+
+`-fstrict-prototype'
+`-fno-strict-prototype'
+ Previously it was possible to use an empty prototype parameter
+ list to indicate an unspecified number of parameters (like C),
+ rather than no parameters, as C++ demands. This feature has been
+ removed, except where it is required for backwards compatibility.
+ *Note Backwards Compatibility::.
+
+ G++ allows a virtual function returning `void *' to be overridden by
+one returning a different pointer type. This extension to the
+covariant return type rules is now deprecated and will be removed from a
+future version.
+
+ The G++ minimum and maximum operators (`<?' and `>?') and their
+compound forms (`<?=') and `>?=') have been deprecated and are now
+removed from G++. Code using these operators should be modified to use
+`std::min' and `std::max' instead.
+
+ The named return value extension has been deprecated, and is now
+removed from G++.
+
+ The use of initializer lists with new expressions has been deprecated,
+and is now removed from G++.
+
+ Floating and complex non-type template parameters have been deprecated,
+and are now removed from G++.
+
+ The implicit typename extension has been deprecated and is now removed
+from G++.
+
+ The use of default arguments in function pointers, function typedefs
+and other places where they are not permitted by the standard is
+deprecated and will be removed from a future version of G++.
+
+ G++ allows floating-point literals to appear in integral constant
+expressions, e.g. ` enum E { e = int(2.2 * 3.7) } ' This extension is
+deprecated and will be removed from a future version.
+
+ G++ allows static data members of const floating-point type to be
+declared with an initializer in a class definition. The standard only
+allows initializers for static members of const integral types and const
+enumeration types so this extension has been deprecated and will be
+removed from a future version.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Backwards Compatibility, Prev: Deprecated Features, Up: C++ Extensions
+
+6.12 Backwards Compatibility
+============================
+
+Now that there is a definitive ISO standard C++, G++ has a specification
+to adhere to. The C++ language evolved over time, and features that
+used to be acceptable in previous drafts of the standard, such as the
+ARM [Annotated C++ Reference Manual], are no longer accepted. In order
+to allow compilation of C++ written to such drafts, G++ contains some
+backwards compatibilities. _All such backwards compatibility features
+are liable to disappear in future versions of G++._ They should be
+considered deprecated. *Note Deprecated Features::.
+
+`For scope'
+ If a variable is declared at for scope, it used to remain in scope
+ until the end of the scope which contained the for statement
+ (rather than just within the for scope). G++ retains this, but
+ issues a warning, if such a variable is accessed outside the for
+ scope.
+
+`Implicit C language'
+ Old C system header files did not contain an `extern "C" {...}'
+ scope to set the language. On such systems, all header files are
+ implicitly scoped inside a C language scope. Also, an empty
+ prototype `()' will be treated as an unspecified number of
+ arguments, rather than no arguments, as C++ demands.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Objective-C, Next: Compatibility, Prev: C++ Extensions, Up: Top
+
+7 GNU Objective-C runtime features
+**********************************
+
+This document is meant to describe some of the GNU Objective-C runtime
+features. It is not intended to teach you Objective-C, there are
+several resources on the Internet that present the language. Questions
+and comments about this document to Ovidiu Predescu <ovidiu@cup.hp.com>.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Executing code before main::
+* Type encoding::
+* Garbage Collection::
+* Constant string objects::
+* compatibility_alias::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Executing code before main, Next: Type encoding, Prev: Objective-C, Up: Objective-C
+
+7.1 `+load': Executing code before main
+=======================================
+
+The GNU Objective-C runtime provides a way that allows you to execute
+code before the execution of the program enters the `main' function.
+The code is executed on a per-class and a per-category basis, through a
+special class method `+load'.
+
+ This facility is very useful if you want to initialize global variables
+which can be accessed by the program directly, without sending a message
+to the class first. The usual way to initialize global variables, in
+the `+initialize' method, might not be useful because `+initialize' is
+only called when the first message is sent to a class object, which in
+some cases could be too late.
+
+ Suppose for example you have a `FileStream' class that declares
+`Stdin', `Stdout' and `Stderr' as global variables, like below:
+
+
+ FileStream *Stdin = nil;
+ FileStream *Stdout = nil;
+ FileStream *Stderr = nil;
+
+ @implementation FileStream
+
+ + (void)initialize
+ {
+ Stdin = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:0];
+ Stdout = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:1];
+ Stderr = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:2];
+ }
+
+ /* Other methods here */
+ @end
+
+ In this example, the initialization of `Stdin', `Stdout' and `Stderr'
+in `+initialize' occurs too late. The programmer can send a message to
+one of these objects before the variables are actually initialized,
+thus sending messages to the `nil' object. The `+initialize' method
+which actually initializes the global variables is not invoked until
+the first message is sent to the class object. The solution would
+require these variables to be initialized just before entering `main'.
+
+ The correct solution of the above problem is to use the `+load' method
+instead of `+initialize':
+
+
+ @implementation FileStream
+
+ + (void)load
+ {
+ Stdin = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:0];
+ Stdout = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:1];
+ Stderr = [[FileStream new] initWithFd:2];
+ }
+
+ /* Other methods here */
+ @end
+
+ The `+load' is a method that is not overridden by categories. If a
+class and a category of it both implement `+load', both methods are
+invoked. This allows some additional initializations to be performed in
+a category.
+
+ This mechanism is not intended to be a replacement for `+initialize'.
+You should be aware of its limitations when you decide to use it
+instead of `+initialize'.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* What you can and what you cannot do in +load::
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: What you can and what you cannot do in +load, Prev: Executing code before main, Up: Executing code before main
+
+7.1.1 What you can and what you cannot do in `+load'
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+The `+load' implementation in the GNU runtime guarantees you the
+following things:
+
+ * you can write whatever C code you like;
+
+ * you can send messages to Objective-C constant strings (`@"this is a
+ constant string"');
+
+ * you can allocate and send messages to objects whose class is
+ implemented in the same file;
+
+ * the `+load' implementation of all super classes of a class are
+ executed before the `+load' of that class is executed;
+
+ * the `+load' implementation of a class is executed before the
+ `+load' implementation of any category.
+
+
+ In particular, the following things, even if they can work in a
+particular case, are not guaranteed:
+
+ * allocation of or sending messages to arbitrary objects;
+
+ * allocation of or sending messages to objects whose classes have a
+ category implemented in the same file;
+
+
+ You should make no assumptions about receiving `+load' in sibling
+classes when you write `+load' of a class. The order in which sibling
+classes receive `+load' is not guaranteed.
+
+ The order in which `+load' and `+initialize' are called could be
+problematic if this matters. If you don't allocate objects inside
+`+load', it is guaranteed that `+load' is called before `+initialize'.
+If you create an object inside `+load' the `+initialize' method of
+object's class is invoked even if `+load' was not invoked. Note if you
+explicitly call `+load' on a class, `+initialize' will be called first.
+To avoid possible problems try to implement only one of these methods.
+
+ The `+load' method is also invoked when a bundle is dynamically loaded
+into your running program. This happens automatically without any
+intervening operation from you. When you write bundles and you need to
+write `+load' you can safely create and send messages to objects whose
+classes already exist in the running program. The same restrictions as
+above apply to classes defined in bundle.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Type encoding, Next: Garbage Collection, Prev: Executing code before main, Up: Objective-C
+
+7.2 Type encoding
+=================
+
+The Objective-C compiler generates type encodings for all the types.
+These type encodings are used at runtime to find out information about
+selectors and methods and about objects and classes.
+
+ The types are encoded in the following way:
+
+`_Bool' `B'
+`char' `c'
+`unsigned char' `C'
+`short' `s'
+`unsigned short' `S'
+`int' `i'
+`unsigned int' `I'
+`long' `l'
+`unsigned long' `L'
+`long long' `q'
+`unsigned long `Q'
+long'
+`float' `f'
+`double' `d'
+`void' `v'
+`id' `@'
+`Class' `#'
+`SEL' `:'
+`char*' `*'
+unknown type `?'
+Complex types `j' followed by the inner type. For example
+ `_Complex double' is encoded as "jd".
+bit-fields `b' followed by the starting position of the
+ bit-field, the type of the bit-field and the size of
+ the bit-field (the bit-fields encoding was changed
+ from the NeXT's compiler encoding, see below)
+
+ The encoding of bit-fields has changed to allow bit-fields to be
+properly handled by the runtime functions that compute sizes and
+alignments of types that contain bit-fields. The previous encoding
+contained only the size of the bit-field. Using only this information
+it is not possible to reliably compute the size occupied by the
+bit-field. This is very important in the presence of the Boehm's
+garbage collector because the objects are allocated using the typed
+memory facility available in this collector. The typed memory
+allocation requires information about where the pointers are located
+inside the object.
+
+ The position in the bit-field is the position, counting in bits, of the
+bit closest to the beginning of the structure.
+
+ The non-atomic types are encoded as follows:
+
+pointers `^' followed by the pointed type.
+arrays `[' followed by the number of elements in the array
+ followed by the type of the elements followed by `]'
+structures `{' followed by the name of the structure (or `?' if the
+ structure is unnamed), the `=' sign, the type of the
+ members and by `}'
+unions `(' followed by the name of the structure (or `?' if the
+ union is unnamed), the `=' sign, the type of the members
+ followed by `)'
+
+ Here are some types and their encodings, as they are generated by the
+compiler on an i386 machine:
+
+
+Objective-C type Compiler encoding
+ int a[10]; `[10i]'
+ struct { `{?=i[3f]b128i3b131i2c}'
+ int i;
+ float f[3];
+ int a:3;
+ int b:2;
+ char c;
+ }
+
+
+ In addition to the types the compiler also encodes the type
+specifiers. The table below describes the encoding of the current
+Objective-C type specifiers:
+
+
+Specifier Encoding
+`const' `r'
+`in' `n'
+`inout' `N'
+`out' `o'
+`bycopy' `O'
+`oneway' `V'
+
+
+ The type specifiers are encoded just before the type. Unlike types
+however, the type specifiers are only encoded when they appear in method
+argument types.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Garbage Collection, Next: Constant string objects, Prev: Type encoding, Up: Objective-C
+
+7.3 Garbage Collection
+======================
+
+Support for a new memory management policy has been added by using a
+powerful conservative garbage collector, known as the
+Boehm-Demers-Weiser conservative garbage collector. It is available
+from `http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/'.
+
+ To enable the support for it you have to configure the compiler using
+an additional argument, `--enable-objc-gc'. You need to have garbage
+collector installed before building the compiler. This will build an
+additional runtime library which has several enhancements to support
+the garbage collector. The new library has a new name, `libobjc_gc.a'
+to not conflict with the non-garbage-collected library.
+
+ When the garbage collector is used, the objects are allocated using the
+so-called typed memory allocation mechanism available in the
+Boehm-Demers-Weiser collector. This mode requires precise information
+on where pointers are located inside objects. This information is
+computed once per class, immediately after the class has been
+initialized.
+
+ There is a new runtime function `class_ivar_set_gcinvisible()' which
+can be used to declare a so-called "weak pointer" reference. Such a
+pointer is basically hidden for the garbage collector; this can be
+useful in certain situations, especially when you want to keep track of
+the allocated objects, yet allow them to be collected. This kind of
+pointers can only be members of objects, you cannot declare a global
+pointer as a weak reference. Every type which is a pointer type can be
+declared a weak pointer, including `id', `Class' and `SEL'.
+
+ Here is an example of how to use this feature. Suppose you want to
+implement a class whose instances hold a weak pointer reference; the
+following class does this:
+
+
+ @interface WeakPointer : Object
+ {
+ const void* weakPointer;
+ }
+
+ - initWithPointer:(const void*)p;
+ - (const void*)weakPointer;
+ @end
+
+
+ @implementation WeakPointer
+
+ + (void)initialize
+ {
+ class_ivar_set_gcinvisible (self, "weakPointer", YES);
+ }
+
+ - initWithPointer:(const void*)p
+ {
+ weakPointer = p;
+ return self;
+ }
+
+ - (const void*)weakPointer
+ {
+ return weakPointer;
+ }
+
+ @end
+
+ Weak pointers are supported through a new type character specifier
+represented by the `!' character. The `class_ivar_set_gcinvisible()'
+function adds or removes this specifier to the string type description
+of the instance variable named as argument.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Constant string objects, Next: compatibility_alias, Prev: Garbage Collection, Up: Objective-C
+
+7.4 Constant string objects
+===========================
+
+GNU Objective-C provides constant string objects that are generated
+directly by the compiler. You declare a constant string object by
+prefixing a C constant string with the character `@':
+
+ id myString = @"this is a constant string object";
+
+ The constant string objects are by default instances of the
+`NXConstantString' class which is provided by the GNU Objective-C
+runtime. To get the definition of this class you must include the
+`objc/NXConstStr.h' header file.
+
+ User defined libraries may want to implement their own constant string
+class. To be able to support them, the GNU Objective-C compiler
+provides a new command line options
+`-fconstant-string-class=CLASS-NAME'. The provided class should adhere
+to a strict structure, the same as `NXConstantString''s structure:
+
+
+ @interface MyConstantStringClass
+ {
+ Class isa;
+ char *c_string;
+ unsigned int len;
+ }
+ @end
+
+ `NXConstantString' inherits from `Object'; user class libraries may
+choose to inherit the customized constant string class from a different
+class than `Object'. There is no requirement in the methods the
+constant string class has to implement, but the final ivar layout of
+the class must be the compatible with the given structure.
+
+ When the compiler creates the statically allocated constant string
+object, the `c_string' field will be filled by the compiler with the
+string; the `length' field will be filled by the compiler with the
+string length; the `isa' pointer will be filled with `NULL' by the
+compiler, and it will later be fixed up automatically at runtime by the
+GNU Objective-C runtime library to point to the class which was set by
+the `-fconstant-string-class' option when the object file is loaded (if
+you wonder how it works behind the scenes, the name of the class to
+use, and the list of static objects to fixup, are stored by the
+compiler in the object file in a place where the GNU runtime library
+will find them at runtime).
+
+ As a result, when a file is compiled with the
+`-fconstant-string-class' option, all the constant string objects will
+be instances of the class specified as argument to this option. It is
+possible to have multiple compilation units referring to different
+constant string classes, neither the compiler nor the linker impose any
+restrictions in doing this.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: compatibility_alias, Prev: Constant string objects, Up: Objective-C
+
+7.5 compatibility_alias
+=======================
+
+This is a feature of the Objective-C compiler rather than of the
+runtime, anyway since it is documented nowhere and its existence was
+forgotten, we are documenting it here.
+
+ The keyword `@compatibility_alias' allows you to define a class name
+as equivalent to another class name. For example:
+
+ @compatibility_alias WOApplication GSWApplication;
+
+ tells the compiler that each time it encounters `WOApplication' as a
+class name, it should replace it with `GSWApplication' (that is,
+`WOApplication' is just an alias for `GSWApplication').
+
+ There are some constraints on how this can be used--
+
+ * `WOApplication' (the alias) must not be an existing class;
+
+ * `GSWApplication' (the real class) must be an existing class.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Compatibility, Next: Gcov, Prev: Objective-C, Up: Top
+
+8 Binary Compatibility
+**********************
+
+Binary compatibility encompasses several related concepts:
+
+"application binary interface (ABI)"
+ The set of runtime conventions followed by all of the tools that
+ deal with binary representations of a program, including
+ compilers, assemblers, linkers, and language runtime support.
+ Some ABIs are formal with a written specification, possibly
+ designed by multiple interested parties. Others are simply the
+ way things are actually done by a particular set of tools.
+
+"ABI conformance"
+ A compiler conforms to an ABI if it generates code that follows
+ all of the specifications enumerated by that ABI. A library
+ conforms to an ABI if it is implemented according to that ABI. An
+ application conforms to an ABI if it is built using tools that
+ conform to that ABI and does not contain source code that
+ specifically changes behavior specified by the ABI.
+
+"calling conventions"
+ Calling conventions are a subset of an ABI that specify of how
+ arguments are passed and function results are returned.
+
+"interoperability"
+ Different sets of tools are interoperable if they generate files
+ that can be used in the same program. The set of tools includes
+ compilers, assemblers, linkers, libraries, header files, startup
+ files, and debuggers. Binaries produced by different sets of
+ tools are not interoperable unless they implement the same ABI.
+ This applies to different versions of the same tools as well as
+ tools from different vendors.
+
+"intercallability"
+ Whether a function in a binary built by one set of tools can call a
+ function in a binary built by a different set of tools is a subset
+ of interoperability.
+
+"implementation-defined features"
+ Language standards include lists of implementation-defined
+ features whose behavior can vary from one implementation to
+ another. Some of these features are normally covered by a
+ platform's ABI and others are not. The features that are not
+ covered by an ABI generally affect how a program behaves, but not
+ intercallability.
+
+"compatibility"
+ Conformance to the same ABI and the same behavior of
+ implementation-defined features are both relevant for
+ compatibility.
+
+ The application binary interface implemented by a C or C++ compiler
+affects code generation and runtime support for:
+
+ * size and alignment of data types
+
+ * layout of structured types
+
+ * calling conventions
+
+ * register usage conventions
+
+ * interfaces for runtime arithmetic support
+
+ * object file formats
+
+ In addition, the application binary interface implemented by a C++
+compiler affects code generation and runtime support for:
+ * name mangling
+
+ * exception handling
+
+ * invoking constructors and destructors
+
+ * layout, alignment, and padding of classes
+
+ * layout and alignment of virtual tables
+
+ Some GCC compilation options cause the compiler to generate code that
+does not conform to the platform's default ABI. Other options cause
+different program behavior for implementation-defined features that are
+not covered by an ABI. These options are provided for consistency with
+other compilers that do not follow the platform's default ABI or the
+usual behavior of implementation-defined features for the platform. Be
+very careful about using such options.
+
+ Most platforms have a well-defined ABI that covers C code, but ABIs
+that cover C++ functionality are not yet common.
+
+ Starting with GCC 3.2, GCC binary conventions for C++ are based on a
+written, vendor-neutral C++ ABI that was designed to be specific to
+64-bit Itanium but also includes generic specifications that apply to
+any platform. This C++ ABI is also implemented by other compiler
+vendors on some platforms, notably GNU/Linux and BSD systems. We have
+tried hard to provide a stable ABI that will be compatible with future
+GCC releases, but it is possible that we will encounter problems that
+make this difficult. Such problems could include different
+interpretations of the C++ ABI by different vendors, bugs in the ABI, or
+bugs in the implementation of the ABI in different compilers. GCC's
+`-Wabi' switch warns when G++ generates code that is probably not
+compatible with the C++ ABI.
+
+ The C++ library used with a C++ compiler includes the Standard C++
+Library, with functionality defined in the C++ Standard, plus language
+runtime support. The runtime support is included in a C++ ABI, but
+there is no formal ABI for the Standard C++ Library. Two
+implementations of that library are interoperable if one follows the
+de-facto ABI of the other and if they are both built with the same
+compiler, or with compilers that conform to the same ABI for C++
+compiler and runtime support.
+
+ When G++ and another C++ compiler conform to the same C++ ABI, but the
+implementations of the Standard C++ Library that they normally use do
+not follow the same ABI for the Standard C++ Library, object files
+built with those compilers can be used in the same program only if they
+use the same C++ library. This requires specifying the location of the
+C++ library header files when invoking the compiler whose usual library
+is not being used. The location of GCC's C++ header files depends on
+how the GCC build was configured, but can be seen by using the G++ `-v'
+option. With default configuration options for G++ 3.3 the compile
+line for a different C++ compiler needs to include
+
+ -IGCC_INSTALL_DIRECTORY/include/c++/3.3
+
+ Similarly, compiling code with G++ that must use a C++ library other
+than the GNU C++ library requires specifying the location of the header
+files for that other library.
+
+ The most straightforward way to link a program to use a particular C++
+library is to use a C++ driver that specifies that C++ library by
+default. The `g++' driver, for example, tells the linker where to find
+GCC's C++ library (`libstdc++') plus the other libraries and startup
+files it needs, in the proper order.
+
+ If a program must use a different C++ library and it's not possible to
+do the final link using a C++ driver that uses that library by default,
+it is necessary to tell `g++' the location and name of that library.
+It might also be necessary to specify different startup files and other
+runtime support libraries, and to suppress the use of GCC's support
+libraries with one or more of the options `-nostdlib', `-nostartfiles',
+and `-nodefaultlibs'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Gcov, Next: Trouble, Prev: Compatibility, Up: Top
+
+9 `gcov'--a Test Coverage Program
+*********************************
+
+`gcov' is a tool you can use in conjunction with GCC to test code
+coverage in your programs.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Gcov Intro:: Introduction to gcov.
+* Invoking Gcov:: How to use gcov.
+* Gcov and Optimization:: Using gcov with GCC optimization.
+* Gcov Data Files:: The files used by gcov.
+* Cross-profiling:: Data file relocation.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Gcov Intro, Next: Invoking Gcov, Up: Gcov
+
+9.1 Introduction to `gcov'
+==========================
+
+`gcov' is a test coverage program. Use it in concert with GCC to
+analyze your programs to help create more efficient, faster running
+code and to discover untested parts of your program. You can use
+`gcov' as a profiling tool to help discover where your optimization
+efforts will best affect your code. You can also use `gcov' along with
+the other profiling tool, `gprof', to assess which parts of your code
+use the greatest amount of computing time.
+
+ Profiling tools help you analyze your code's performance. Using a
+profiler such as `gcov' or `gprof', you can find out some basic
+performance statistics, such as:
+
+ * how often each line of code executes
+
+ * what lines of code are actually executed
+
+ * how much computing time each section of code uses
+
+ Once you know these things about how your code works when compiled, you
+can look at each module to see which modules should be optimized.
+`gcov' helps you determine where to work on optimization.
+
+ Software developers also use coverage testing in concert with
+testsuites, to make sure software is actually good enough for a release.
+Testsuites can verify that a program works as expected; a coverage
+program tests to see how much of the program is exercised by the
+testsuite. Developers can then determine what kinds of test cases need
+to be added to the testsuites to create both better testing and a better
+final product.
+
+ You should compile your code without optimization if you plan to use
+`gcov' because the optimization, by combining some lines of code into
+one function, may not give you as much information as you need to look
+for `hot spots' where the code is using a great deal of computer time.
+Likewise, because `gcov' accumulates statistics by line (at the lowest
+resolution), it works best with a programming style that places only
+one statement on each line. If you use complicated macros that expand
+to loops or to other control structures, the statistics are less
+helpful--they only report on the line where the macro call appears. If
+your complex macros behave like functions, you can replace them with
+inline functions to solve this problem.
+
+ `gcov' creates a logfile called `SOURCEFILE.gcov' which indicates how
+many times each line of a source file `SOURCEFILE.c' has executed. You
+can use these logfiles along with `gprof' to aid in fine-tuning the
+performance of your programs. `gprof' gives timing information you can
+use along with the information you get from `gcov'.
+
+ `gcov' works only on code compiled with GCC. It is not compatible
+with any other profiling or test coverage mechanism.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Invoking Gcov, Next: Gcov and Optimization, Prev: Gcov Intro, Up: Gcov
+
+9.2 Invoking `gcov'
+===================
+
+ gcov [OPTIONS] SOURCEFILES
+
+ `gcov' accepts the following options:
+
+`-h'
+`--help'
+ Display help about using `gcov' (on the standard output), and exit
+ without doing any further processing.
+
+`-v'
+`--version'
+ Display the `gcov' version number (on the standard output), and
+ exit without doing any further processing.
+
+`-a'
+`--all-blocks'
+ Write individual execution counts for every basic block. Normally
+ gcov outputs execution counts only for the main blocks of a line.
+ With this option you can determine if blocks within a single line
+ are not being executed.
+
+`-b'
+`--branch-probabilities'
+ Write branch frequencies to the output file, and write branch
+ summary info to the standard output. This option allows you to
+ see how often each branch in your program was taken.
+ Unconditional branches will not be shown, unless the `-u' option
+ is given.
+
+`-c'
+`--branch-counts'
+ Write branch frequencies as the number of branches taken, rather
+ than the percentage of branches taken.
+
+`-n'
+`--no-output'
+ Do not create the `gcov' output file.
+
+`-l'
+`--long-file-names'
+ Create long file names for included source files. For example, if
+ the header file `x.h' contains code, and was included in the file
+ `a.c', then running `gcov' on the file `a.c' will produce an
+ output file called `a.c##x.h.gcov' instead of `x.h.gcov'. This
+ can be useful if `x.h' is included in multiple source files. If
+ you use the `-p' option, both the including and included file
+ names will be complete path names.
+
+`-p'
+`--preserve-paths'
+ Preserve complete path information in the names of generated
+ `.gcov' files. Without this option, just the filename component is
+ used. With this option, all directories are used, with `/'
+ characters translated to `#' characters, `.' directory components
+ removed and `..' components renamed to `^'. This is useful if
+ sourcefiles are in several different directories. It also affects
+ the `-l' option.
+
+`-f'
+`--function-summaries'
+ Output summaries for each function in addition to the file level
+ summary.
+
+`-o DIRECTORY|FILE'
+`--object-directory DIRECTORY'
+`--object-file FILE'
+ Specify either the directory containing the gcov data files, or the
+ object path name. The `.gcno', and `.gcda' data files are
+ searched for using this option. If a directory is specified, the
+ data files are in that directory and named after the source file
+ name, without its extension. If a file is specified here, the
+ data files are named after that file, without its extension. If
+ this option is not supplied, it defaults to the current directory.
+
+`-u'
+`--unconditional-branches'
+ When branch probabilities are given, include those of
+ unconditional branches. Unconditional branches are normally not
+ interesting.
+
+
+ `gcov' should be run with the current directory the same as that when
+you invoked the compiler. Otherwise it will not be able to locate the
+source files. `gcov' produces files called `MANGLEDNAME.gcov' in the
+current directory. These contain the coverage information of the
+source file they correspond to. One `.gcov' file is produced for each
+source file containing code, which was compiled to produce the data
+files. The MANGLEDNAME part of the output file name is usually simply
+the source file name, but can be something more complicated if the `-l'
+or `-p' options are given. Refer to those options for details.
+
+ The `.gcov' files contain the `:' separated fields along with program
+source code. The format is
+
+ EXECUTION_COUNT:LINE_NUMBER:SOURCE LINE TEXT
+
+ Additional block information may succeed each line, when requested by
+command line option. The EXECUTION_COUNT is `-' for lines containing
+no code and `#####' for lines which were never executed. Some lines of
+information at the start have LINE_NUMBER of zero.
+
+ The preamble lines are of the form
+
+ -:0:TAG:VALUE
+
+ The ordering and number of these preamble lines will be augmented as
+`gcov' development progresses -- do not rely on them remaining
+unchanged. Use TAG to locate a particular preamble line.
+
+ The additional block information is of the form
+
+ TAG INFORMATION
+
+ The INFORMATION is human readable, but designed to be simple enough
+for machine parsing too.
+
+ When printing percentages, 0% and 100% are only printed when the values
+are _exactly_ 0% and 100% respectively. Other values which would
+conventionally be rounded to 0% or 100% are instead printed as the
+nearest non-boundary value.
+
+ When using `gcov', you must first compile your program with two
+special GCC options: `-fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage'. This tells the
+compiler to generate additional information needed by gcov (basically a
+flow graph of the program) and also includes additional code in the
+object files for generating the extra profiling information needed by
+gcov. These additional files are placed in the directory where the
+object file is located.
+
+ Running the program will cause profile output to be generated. For
+each source file compiled with `-fprofile-arcs', an accompanying
+`.gcda' file will be placed in the object file directory.
+
+ Running `gcov' with your program's source file names as arguments will
+now produce a listing of the code along with frequency of execution for
+each line. For example, if your program is called `tmp.c', this is
+what you see when you use the basic `gcov' facility:
+
+ $ gcc -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage tmp.c
+ $ a.out
+ $ gcov tmp.c
+ 90.00% of 10 source lines executed in file tmp.c
+ Creating tmp.c.gcov.
+
+ The file `tmp.c.gcov' contains output from `gcov'. Here is a sample:
+
+ -: 0:Source:tmp.c
+ -: 0:Graph:tmp.gcno
+ -: 0:Data:tmp.gcda
+ -: 0:Runs:1
+ -: 0:Programs:1
+ -: 1:#include <stdio.h>
+ -: 2:
+ -: 3:int main (void)
+ 1: 4:{
+ 1: 5: int i, total;
+ -: 6:
+ 1: 7: total = 0;
+ -: 8:
+ 11: 9: for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+ 10: 10: total += i;
+ -: 11:
+ 1: 12: if (total != 45)
+ #####: 13: printf ("Failure\n");
+ -: 14: else
+ 1: 15: printf ("Success\n");
+ 1: 16: return 0;
+ -: 17:}
+
+ When you use the `-a' option, you will get individual block counts,
+and the output looks like this:
+
+ -: 0:Source:tmp.c
+ -: 0:Graph:tmp.gcno
+ -: 0:Data:tmp.gcda
+ -: 0:Runs:1
+ -: 0:Programs:1
+ -: 1:#include <stdio.h>
+ -: 2:
+ -: 3:int main (void)
+ 1: 4:{
+ 1: 4-block 0
+ 1: 5: int i, total;
+ -: 6:
+ 1: 7: total = 0;
+ -: 8:
+ 11: 9: for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+ 11: 9-block 0
+ 10: 10: total += i;
+ 10: 10-block 0
+ -: 11:
+ 1: 12: if (total != 45)
+ 1: 12-block 0
+ #####: 13: printf ("Failure\n");
+ $$$$$: 13-block 0
+ -: 14: else
+ 1: 15: printf ("Success\n");
+ 1: 15-block 0
+ 1: 16: return 0;
+ 1: 16-block 0
+ -: 17:}
+
+ In this mode, each basic block is only shown on one line - the last
+line of the block. A multi-line block will only contribute to the
+execution count of that last line, and other lines will not be shown to
+contain code, unless previous blocks end on those lines. The total
+execution count of a line is shown and subsequent lines show the
+execution counts for individual blocks that end on that line. After
+each block, the branch and call counts of the block will be shown, if
+the `-b' option is given.
+
+ Because of the way GCC instruments calls, a call count can be shown
+after a line with no individual blocks. As you can see, line 13
+contains a basic block that was not executed.
+
+ When you use the `-b' option, your output looks like this:
+
+ $ gcov -b tmp.c
+ 90.00% of 10 source lines executed in file tmp.c
+ 80.00% of 5 branches executed in file tmp.c
+ 80.00% of 5 branches taken at least once in file tmp.c
+ 50.00% of 2 calls executed in file tmp.c
+ Creating tmp.c.gcov.
+
+ Here is a sample of a resulting `tmp.c.gcov' file:
+
+ -: 0:Source:tmp.c
+ -: 0:Graph:tmp.gcno
+ -: 0:Data:tmp.gcda
+ -: 0:Runs:1
+ -: 0:Programs:1
+ -: 1:#include <stdio.h>
+ -: 2:
+ -: 3:int main (void)
+ function main called 1 returned 1 blocks executed 75%
+ 1: 4:{
+ 1: 5: int i, total;
+ -: 6:
+ 1: 7: total = 0;
+ -: 8:
+ 11: 9: for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+ branch 0 taken 91% (fallthrough)
+ branch 1 taken 9%
+ 10: 10: total += i;
+ -: 11:
+ 1: 12: if (total != 45)
+ branch 0 taken 0% (fallthrough)
+ branch 1 taken 100%
+ #####: 13: printf ("Failure\n");
+ call 0 never executed
+ -: 14: else
+ 1: 15: printf ("Success\n");
+ call 0 called 1 returned 100%
+ 1: 16: return 0;
+ -: 17:}
+
+ For each function, a line is printed showing how many times the
+function is called, how many times it returns and what percentage of the
+function's blocks were executed.
+
+ For each basic block, a line is printed after the last line of the
+basic block describing the branch or call that ends the basic block.
+There can be multiple branches and calls listed for a single source
+line if there are multiple basic blocks that end on that line. In this
+case, the branches and calls are each given a number. There is no
+simple way to map these branches and calls back to source constructs.
+In general, though, the lowest numbered branch or call will correspond
+to the leftmost construct on the source line.
+
+ For a branch, if it was executed at least once, then a percentage
+indicating the number of times the branch was taken divided by the
+number of times the branch was executed will be printed. Otherwise, the
+message "never executed" is printed.
+
+ For a call, if it was executed at least once, then a percentage
+indicating the number of times the call returned divided by the number
+of times the call was executed will be printed. This will usually be
+100%, but may be less for functions that call `exit' or `longjmp', and
+thus may not return every time they are called.
+
+ The execution counts are cumulative. If the example program were
+executed again without removing the `.gcda' file, the count for the
+number of times each line in the source was executed would be added to
+the results of the previous run(s). This is potentially useful in
+several ways. For example, it could be used to accumulate data over a
+number of program runs as part of a test verification suite, or to
+provide more accurate long-term information over a large number of
+program runs.
+
+ The data in the `.gcda' files is saved immediately before the program
+exits. For each source file compiled with `-fprofile-arcs', the
+profiling code first attempts to read in an existing `.gcda' file; if
+the file doesn't match the executable (differing number of basic block
+counts) it will ignore the contents of the file. It then adds in the
+new execution counts and finally writes the data to the file.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Gcov and Optimization, Next: Gcov Data Files, Prev: Invoking Gcov, Up: Gcov
+
+9.3 Using `gcov' with GCC Optimization
+======================================
+
+If you plan to use `gcov' to help optimize your code, you must first
+compile your program with two special GCC options: `-fprofile-arcs
+-ftest-coverage'. Aside from that, you can use any other GCC options;
+but if you want to prove that every single line in your program was
+executed, you should not compile with optimization at the same time.
+On some machines the optimizer can eliminate some simple code lines by
+combining them with other lines. For example, code like this:
+
+ if (a != b)
+ c = 1;
+ else
+ c = 0;
+
+can be compiled into one instruction on some machines. In this case,
+there is no way for `gcov' to calculate separate execution counts for
+each line because there isn't separate code for each line. Hence the
+`gcov' output looks like this if you compiled the program with
+optimization:
+
+ 100: 12:if (a != b)
+ 100: 13: c = 1;
+ 100: 14:else
+ 100: 15: c = 0;
+
+ The output shows that this block of code, combined by optimization,
+executed 100 times. In one sense this result is correct, because there
+was only one instruction representing all four of these lines. However,
+the output does not indicate how many times the result was 0 and how
+many times the result was 1.
+
+ Inlineable functions can create unexpected line counts. Line counts
+are shown for the source code of the inlineable function, but what is
+shown depends on where the function is inlined, or if it is not inlined
+at all.
+
+ If the function is not inlined, the compiler must emit an out of line
+copy of the function, in any object file that needs it. If `fileA.o'
+and `fileB.o' both contain out of line bodies of a particular
+inlineable function, they will also both contain coverage counts for
+that function. When `fileA.o' and `fileB.o' are linked together, the
+linker will, on many systems, select one of those out of line bodies
+for all calls to that function, and remove or ignore the other.
+Unfortunately, it will not remove the coverage counters for the unused
+function body. Hence when instrumented, all but one use of that
+function will show zero counts.
+
+ If the function is inlined in several places, the block structure in
+each location might not be the same. For instance, a condition might
+now be calculable at compile time in some instances. Because the
+coverage of all the uses of the inline function will be shown for the
+same source lines, the line counts themselves might seem inconsistent.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Gcov Data Files, Next: Cross-profiling, Prev: Gcov and Optimization, Up: Gcov
+
+9.4 Brief description of `gcov' data files
+==========================================
+
+`gcov' uses two files for profiling. The names of these files are
+derived from the original _object_ file by substituting the file suffix
+with either `.gcno', or `.gcda'. All of these files are placed in the
+same directory as the object file, and contain data stored in a
+platform-independent format.
+
+ The `.gcno' file is generated when the source file is compiled with
+the GCC `-ftest-coverage' option. It contains information to
+reconstruct the basic block graphs and assign source line numbers to
+blocks.
+
+ The `.gcda' file is generated when a program containing object files
+built with the GCC `-fprofile-arcs' option is executed. A separate
+`.gcda' file is created for each object file compiled with this option.
+It contains arc transition counts, and some summary information.
+
+ The full details of the file format is specified in `gcov-io.h', and
+functions provided in that header file should be used to access the
+coverage files.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Cross-profiling, Prev: Gcov Data Files, Up: Gcov
+
+9.5 Data file relocation to support cross-profiling
+===================================================
+
+Running the program will cause profile output to be generated. For each
+source file compiled with `-fprofile-arcs', an accompanying `.gcda'
+file will be placed in the object file directory. That implicitly
+requires running the program on the same system as it was built or
+having the same absolute directory structure on the target system. The
+program will try to create the needed directory structure, if it is not
+already present.
+
+ To support cross-profiling, a program compiled with `-fprofile-arcs'
+can relocate the data files based on two environment variables:
+
+ * GCOV_PREFIX contains the prefix to add to the absolute paths in
+ the object file. Prefix must be absolute as well, otherwise its
+ value is ignored. The default is no prefix.
+
+ * GCOV_PREFIX_STRIP indicates the how many initial directory names
+ to strip off the hardwired absolute paths. Default value is 0.
+
+ _Note:_ GCOV_PREFIX_STRIP has no effect if GCOV_PREFIX is
+ undefined, empty or non-absolute.
+
+ For example, if the object file `/user/build/foo.o' was built with
+`-fprofile-arcs', the final executable will try to create the data file
+`/user/build/foo.gcda' when running on the target system. This will
+fail if the corresponding directory does not exist and it is unable to
+create it. This can be overcome by, for example, setting the
+environment as `GCOV_PREFIX=/target/run' and `GCOV_PREFIX_STRIP=1'.
+Such a setting will name the data file `/target/run/build/foo.gcda'.
+
+ You must move the data files to the expected directory tree in order to
+use them for profile directed optimizations (`--use-profile'), or to
+use the `gcov' tool.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Trouble, Next: Bugs, Prev: Gcov, Up: Top
+
+10 Known Causes of Trouble with GCC
+***********************************
+
+This section describes known problems that affect users of GCC. Most
+of these are not GCC bugs per se--if they were, we would fix them. But
+the result for a user may be like the result of a bug.
+
+ Some of these problems are due to bugs in other software, some are
+missing features that are too much work to add, and some are places
+where people's opinions differ as to what is best.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Actual Bugs:: Bugs we will fix later.
+* Cross-Compiler Problems:: Common problems of cross compiling with GCC.
+* Interoperation:: Problems using GCC with other compilers,
+ and with certain linkers, assemblers and debuggers.
+* Incompatibilities:: GCC is incompatible with traditional C.
+* Fixed Headers:: GCC uses corrected versions of system header files.
+ This is necessary, but doesn't always work smoothly.
+* Standard Libraries:: GCC uses the system C library, which might not be
+ compliant with the ISO C standard.
+* Disappointments:: Regrettable things we can't change, but not quite bugs.
+* C++ Misunderstandings:: Common misunderstandings with GNU C++.
+* Protoize Caveats:: Things to watch out for when using `protoize'.
+* Non-bugs:: Things we think are right, but some others disagree.
+* Warnings and Errors:: Which problems in your code get warnings,
+ and which get errors.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Actual Bugs, Next: Cross-Compiler Problems, Up: Trouble
+
+10.1 Actual Bugs We Haven't Fixed Yet
+=====================================
+
+ * The `fixincludes' script interacts badly with automounters; if the
+ directory of system header files is automounted, it tends to be
+ unmounted while `fixincludes' is running. This would seem to be a
+ bug in the automounter. We don't know any good way to work around
+ it.
+
+ * The `fixproto' script will sometimes add prototypes for the
+ `sigsetjmp' and `siglongjmp' functions that reference the
+ `jmp_buf' type before that type is defined. To work around this,
+ edit the offending file and place the typedef in front of the
+ prototypes.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Cross-Compiler Problems, Next: Interoperation, Prev: Actual Bugs, Up: Trouble
+
+10.2 Cross-Compiler Problems
+============================
+
+You may run into problems with cross compilation on certain machines,
+for several reasons.
+
+ * At present, the program `mips-tfile' which adds debug support to
+ object files on MIPS systems does not work in a cross compile
+ environment.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Interoperation, Next: Incompatibilities, Prev: Cross-Compiler Problems, Up: Trouble
+
+10.3 Interoperation
+===================
+
+This section lists various difficulties encountered in using GCC
+together with other compilers or with the assemblers, linkers,
+libraries and debuggers on certain systems.
+
+ * On many platforms, GCC supports a different ABI for C++ than do
+ other compilers, so the object files compiled by GCC cannot be
+ used with object files generated by another C++ compiler.
+
+ An area where the difference is most apparent is name mangling.
+ The use of different name mangling is intentional, to protect you
+ from more subtle problems. Compilers differ as to many internal
+ details of C++ implementation, including: how class instances are
+ laid out, how multiple inheritance is implemented, and how virtual
+ function calls are handled. If the name encoding were made the
+ same, your programs would link against libraries provided from
+ other compilers--but the programs would then crash when run.
+ Incompatible libraries are then detected at link time, rather than
+ at run time.
+
+ * On some BSD systems, including some versions of Ultrix, use of
+ profiling causes static variable destructors (currently used only
+ in C++) not to be run.
+
+ * On some SGI systems, when you use `-lgl_s' as an option, it gets
+ translated magically to `-lgl_s -lX11_s -lc_s'. Naturally, this
+ does not happen when you use GCC. You must specify all three
+ options explicitly.
+
+ * On a SPARC, GCC aligns all values of type `double' on an 8-byte
+ boundary, and it expects every `double' to be so aligned. The Sun
+ compiler usually gives `double' values 8-byte alignment, with one
+ exception: function arguments of type `double' may not be aligned.
+
+ As a result, if a function compiled with Sun CC takes the address
+ of an argument of type `double' and passes this pointer of type
+ `double *' to a function compiled with GCC, dereferencing the
+ pointer may cause a fatal signal.
+
+ One way to solve this problem is to compile your entire program
+ with GCC. Another solution is to modify the function that is
+ compiled with Sun CC to copy the argument into a local variable;
+ local variables are always properly aligned. A third solution is
+ to modify the function that uses the pointer to dereference it via
+ the following function `access_double' instead of directly with
+ `*':
+
+ inline double
+ access_double (double *unaligned_ptr)
+ {
+ union d2i { double d; int i[2]; };
+
+ union d2i *p = (union d2i *) unaligned_ptr;
+ union d2i u;
+
+ u.i[0] = p->i[0];
+ u.i[1] = p->i[1];
+
+ return u.d;
+ }
+
+ Storing into the pointer can be done likewise with the same union.
+
+ * On Solaris, the `malloc' function in the `libmalloc.a' library may
+ allocate memory that is only 4 byte aligned. Since GCC on the
+ SPARC assumes that doubles are 8 byte aligned, this may result in a
+ fatal signal if doubles are stored in memory allocated by the
+ `libmalloc.a' library.
+
+ The solution is to not use the `libmalloc.a' library. Use instead
+ `malloc' and related functions from `libc.a'; they do not have
+ this problem.
+
+ * On the HP PA machine, ADB sometimes fails to work on functions
+ compiled with GCC. Specifically, it fails to work on functions
+ that use `alloca' or variable-size arrays. This is because GCC
+ doesn't generate HP-UX unwind descriptors for such functions. It
+ may even be impossible to generate them.
+
+ * Debugging (`-g') is not supported on the HP PA machine, unless you
+ use the preliminary GNU tools.
+
+ * Taking the address of a label may generate errors from the HP-UX
+ PA assembler. GAS for the PA does not have this problem.
+
+ * Using floating point parameters for indirect calls to static
+ functions will not work when using the HP assembler. There simply
+ is no way for GCC to specify what registers hold arguments for
+ static functions when using the HP assembler. GAS for the PA does
+ not have this problem.
+
+ * In extremely rare cases involving some very large functions you may
+ receive errors from the HP linker complaining about an out of
+ bounds unconditional branch offset. This used to occur more often
+ in previous versions of GCC, but is now exceptionally rare. If
+ you should run into it, you can work around by making your
+ function smaller.
+
+ * GCC compiled code sometimes emits warnings from the HP-UX
+ assembler of the form:
+
+ (warning) Use of GR3 when
+ frame >= 8192 may cause conflict.
+
+ These warnings are harmless and can be safely ignored.
+
+ * In extremely rare cases involving some very large functions you may
+ receive errors from the AIX Assembler complaining about a
+ displacement that is too large. If you should run into it, you
+ can work around by making your function smaller.
+
+ * The `libstdc++.a' library in GCC relies on the SVR4 dynamic linker
+ semantics which merges global symbols between libraries and
+ applications, especially necessary for C++ streams functionality.
+ This is not the default behavior of AIX shared libraries and
+ dynamic linking. `libstdc++.a' is built on AIX with
+ "runtime-linking" enabled so that symbol merging can occur. To
+ utilize this feature, the application linked with `libstdc++.a'
+ must include the `-Wl,-brtl' flag on the link line. G++ cannot
+ impose this because this option may interfere with the semantics
+ of the user program and users may not always use `g++' to link his
+ or her application. Applications are not required to use the
+ `-Wl,-brtl' flag on the link line--the rest of the `libstdc++.a'
+ library which is not dependent on the symbol merging semantics
+ will continue to function correctly.
+
+ * An application can interpose its own definition of functions for
+ functions invoked by `libstdc++.a' with "runtime-linking" enabled
+ on AIX. To accomplish this the application must be linked with
+ "runtime-linking" option and the functions explicitly must be
+ exported by the application (`-Wl,-brtl,-bE:exportfile').
+
+ * AIX on the RS/6000 provides support (NLS) for environments outside
+ of the United States. Compilers and assemblers use NLS to support
+ locale-specific representations of various objects including
+ floating-point numbers (`.' vs `,' for separating decimal
+ fractions). There have been problems reported where the library
+ linked with GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats
+ that the assembler accepts. If you have this problem, set the
+ `LANG' environment variable to `C' or `En_US'.
+
+ * Even if you specify `-fdollars-in-identifiers', you cannot
+ successfully use `$' in identifiers on the RS/6000 due to a
+ restriction in the IBM assembler. GAS supports these identifiers.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Incompatibilities, Next: Fixed Headers, Prev: Interoperation, Up: Trouble
+
+10.4 Incompatibilities of GCC
+=============================
+
+There are several noteworthy incompatibilities between GNU C and K&R
+(non-ISO) versions of C.
+
+ * GCC normally makes string constants read-only. If several
+ identical-looking string constants are used, GCC stores only one
+ copy of the string.
+
+ One consequence is that you cannot call `mktemp' with a string
+ constant argument. The function `mktemp' always alters the string
+ its argument points to.
+
+ Another consequence is that `sscanf' does not work on some very
+ old systems when passed a string constant as its format control
+ string or input. This is because `sscanf' incorrectly tries to
+ write into the string constant. Likewise `fscanf' and `scanf'.
+
+ The solution to these problems is to change the program to use
+ `char'-array variables with initialization strings for these
+ purposes instead of string constants.
+
+ * `-2147483648' is positive.
+
+ This is because 2147483648 cannot fit in the type `int', so
+ (following the ISO C rules) its data type is `unsigned long int'.
+ Negating this value yields 2147483648 again.
+
+ * GCC does not substitute macro arguments when they appear inside of
+ string constants. For example, the following macro in GCC
+
+ #define foo(a) "a"
+
+ will produce output `"a"' regardless of what the argument A is.
+
+ * When you use `setjmp' and `longjmp', the only automatic variables
+ guaranteed to remain valid are those declared `volatile'. This is
+ a consequence of automatic register allocation. Consider this
+ function:
+
+ jmp_buf j;
+
+ foo ()
+ {
+ int a, b;
+
+ a = fun1 ();
+ if (setjmp (j))
+ return a;
+
+ a = fun2 ();
+ /* `longjmp (j)' may occur in `fun3'. */
+ return a + fun3 ();
+ }
+
+ Here `a' may or may not be restored to its first value when the
+ `longjmp' occurs. If `a' is allocated in a register, then its
+ first value is restored; otherwise, it keeps the last value stored
+ in it.
+
+ If you use the `-W' option with the `-O' option, you will get a
+ warning when GCC thinks such a problem might be possible.
+
+ * Programs that use preprocessing directives in the middle of macro
+ arguments do not work with GCC. For example, a program like this
+ will not work:
+
+ foobar (
+ #define luser
+ hack)
+
+ ISO C does not permit such a construct.
+
+ * K&R compilers allow comments to cross over an inclusion boundary
+ (i.e. started in an include file and ended in the including file).
+
+ * Declarations of external variables and functions within a block
+ apply only to the block containing the declaration. In other
+ words, they have the same scope as any other declaration in the
+ same place.
+
+ In some other C compilers, a `extern' declaration affects all the
+ rest of the file even if it happens within a block.
+
+ * In traditional C, you can combine `long', etc., with a typedef
+ name, as shown here:
+
+ typedef int foo;
+ typedef long foo bar;
+
+ In ISO C, this is not allowed: `long' and other type modifiers
+ require an explicit `int'.
+
+ * PCC allows typedef names to be used as function parameters.
+
+ * Traditional C allows the following erroneous pair of declarations
+ to appear together in a given scope:
+
+ typedef int foo;
+ typedef foo foo;
+
+ * GCC treats all characters of identifiers as significant.
+ According to K&R-1 (2.2), "No more than the first eight characters
+ are significant, although more may be used.". Also according to
+ K&R-1 (2.2), "An identifier is a sequence of letters and digits;
+ the first character must be a letter. The underscore _ counts as
+ a letter.", but GCC also allows dollar signs in identifiers.
+
+ * PCC allows whitespace in the middle of compound assignment
+ operators such as `+='. GCC, following the ISO standard, does not
+ allow this.
+
+ * GCC complains about unterminated character constants inside of
+ preprocessing conditionals that fail. Some programs have English
+ comments enclosed in conditionals that are guaranteed to fail; if
+ these comments contain apostrophes, GCC will probably report an
+ error. For example, this code would produce an error:
+
+ #if 0
+ You can't expect this to work.
+ #endif
+
+ The best solution to such a problem is to put the text into an
+ actual C comment delimited by `/*...*/'.
+
+ * Many user programs contain the declaration `long time ();'. In the
+ past, the system header files on many systems did not actually
+ declare `time', so it did not matter what type your program
+ declared it to return. But in systems with ISO C headers, `time'
+ is declared to return `time_t', and if that is not the same as
+ `long', then `long time ();' is erroneous.
+
+ The solution is to change your program to use appropriate system
+ headers (`<time.h>' on systems with ISO C headers) and not to
+ declare `time' if the system header files declare it, or failing
+ that to use `time_t' as the return type of `time'.
+
+ * When compiling functions that return `float', PCC converts it to a
+ double. GCC actually returns a `float'. If you are concerned
+ with PCC compatibility, you should declare your functions to return
+ `double'; you might as well say what you mean.
+
+ * When compiling functions that return structures or unions, GCC
+ output code normally uses a method different from that used on most
+ versions of Unix. As a result, code compiled with GCC cannot call
+ a structure-returning function compiled with PCC, and vice versa.
+
+ The method used by GCC is as follows: a structure or union which is
+ 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes long is returned like a scalar. A structure or
+ union with any other size is stored into an address supplied by
+ the caller (usually in a special, fixed register, but on some
+ machines it is passed on the stack). The target hook
+ `TARGET_STRUCT_VALUE_RTX' tells GCC where to pass this address.
+
+ By contrast, PCC on most target machines returns structures and
+ unions of any size by copying the data into an area of static
+ storage, and then returning the address of that storage as if it
+ were a pointer value. The caller must copy the data from that
+ memory area to the place where the value is wanted. GCC does not
+ use this method because it is slower and nonreentrant.
+
+ On some newer machines, PCC uses a reentrant convention for all
+ structure and union returning. GCC on most of these machines uses
+ a compatible convention when returning structures and unions in
+ memory, but still returns small structures and unions in registers.
+
+ You can tell GCC to use a compatible convention for all structure
+ and union returning with the option `-fpcc-struct-return'.
+
+ * GCC complains about program fragments such as `0x74ae-0x4000'
+ which appear to be two hexadecimal constants separated by the minus
+ operator. Actually, this string is a single "preprocessing token".
+ Each such token must correspond to one token in C. Since this
+ does not, GCC prints an error message. Although it may appear
+ obvious that what is meant is an operator and two values, the ISO
+ C standard specifically requires that this be treated as erroneous.
+
+ A "preprocessing token" is a "preprocessing number" if it begins
+ with a digit and is followed by letters, underscores, digits,
+ periods and `e+', `e-', `E+', `E-', `p+', `p-', `P+', or `P-'
+ character sequences. (In strict C89 mode, the sequences `p+',
+ `p-', `P+' and `P-' cannot appear in preprocessing numbers.)
+
+ To make the above program fragment valid, place whitespace in
+ front of the minus sign. This whitespace will end the
+ preprocessing number.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Fixed Headers, Next: Standard Libraries, Prev: Incompatibilities, Up: Trouble
+
+10.5 Fixed Header Files
+=======================
+
+GCC needs to install corrected versions of some system header files.
+This is because most target systems have some header files that won't
+work with GCC unless they are changed. Some have bugs, some are
+incompatible with ISO C, and some depend on special features of other
+compilers.
+
+ Installing GCC automatically creates and installs the fixed header
+files, by running a program called `fixincludes'. Normally, you don't
+need to pay attention to this. But there are cases where it doesn't do
+the right thing automatically.
+
+ * If you update the system's header files, such as by installing a
+ new system version, the fixed header files of GCC are not
+ automatically updated. They can be updated using the `mkheaders'
+ script installed in `LIBEXECDIR/gcc/TARGET/VERSION/install-tools/'.
+
+ * On some systems, header file directories contain machine-specific
+ symbolic links in certain places. This makes it possible to share
+ most of the header files among hosts running the same version of
+ the system on different machine models.
+
+ The programs that fix the header files do not understand this
+ special way of using symbolic links; therefore, the directory of
+ fixed header files is good only for the machine model used to
+ build it.
+
+ It is possible to make separate sets of fixed header files for the
+ different machine models, and arrange a structure of symbolic
+ links so as to use the proper set, but you'll have to do this by
+ hand.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Standard Libraries, Next: Disappointments, Prev: Fixed Headers, Up: Trouble
+
+10.6 Standard Libraries
+=======================
+
+GCC by itself attempts to be a conforming freestanding implementation.
+*Note Language Standards Supported by GCC: Standards, for details of
+what this means. Beyond the library facilities required of such an
+implementation, the rest of the C library is supplied by the vendor of
+the operating system. If that C library doesn't conform to the C
+standards, then your programs might get warnings (especially when using
+`-Wall') that you don't expect.
+
+ For example, the `sprintf' function on SunOS 4.1.3 returns `char *'
+while the C standard says that `sprintf' returns an `int'. The
+`fixincludes' program could make the prototype for this function match
+the Standard, but that would be wrong, since the function will still
+return `char *'.
+
+ If you need a Standard compliant library, then you need to find one, as
+GCC does not provide one. The GNU C library (called `glibc') provides
+ISO C, POSIX, BSD, SystemV and X/Open compatibility for GNU/Linux and
+HURD-based GNU systems; no recent version of it supports other systems,
+though some very old versions did. Version 2.2 of the GNU C library
+includes nearly complete C99 support. You could also ask your
+operating system vendor if newer libraries are available.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Disappointments, Next: C++ Misunderstandings, Prev: Standard Libraries, Up: Trouble
+
+10.7 Disappointments and Misunderstandings
+==========================================
+
+These problems are perhaps regrettable, but we don't know any practical
+way around them.
+
+ * Certain local variables aren't recognized by debuggers when you
+ compile with optimization.
+
+ This occurs because sometimes GCC optimizes the variable out of
+ existence. There is no way to tell the debugger how to compute the
+ value such a variable "would have had", and it is not clear that
+ would be desirable anyway. So GCC simply does not mention the
+ eliminated variable when it writes debugging information.
+
+ You have to expect a certain amount of disagreement between the
+ executable and your source code, when you use optimization.
+
+ * Users often think it is a bug when GCC reports an error for code
+ like this:
+
+ int foo (struct mumble *);
+
+ struct mumble { ... };
+
+ int foo (struct mumble *x)
+ { ... }
+
+ This code really is erroneous, because the scope of `struct
+ mumble' in the prototype is limited to the argument list
+ containing it. It does not refer to the `struct mumble' defined
+ with file scope immediately below--they are two unrelated types
+ with similar names in different scopes.
+
+ But in the definition of `foo', the file-scope type is used
+ because that is available to be inherited. Thus, the definition
+ and the prototype do not match, and you get an error.
+
+ This behavior may seem silly, but it's what the ISO standard
+ specifies. It is easy enough for you to make your code work by
+ moving the definition of `struct mumble' above the prototype.
+ It's not worth being incompatible with ISO C just to avoid an
+ error for the example shown above.
+
+ * Accesses to bit-fields even in volatile objects works by accessing
+ larger objects, such as a byte or a word. You cannot rely on what
+ size of object is accessed in order to read or write the
+ bit-field; it may even vary for a given bit-field according to the
+ precise usage.
+
+ If you care about controlling the amount of memory that is
+ accessed, use volatile but do not use bit-fields.
+
+ * GCC comes with shell scripts to fix certain known problems in
+ system header files. They install corrected copies of various
+ header files in a special directory where only GCC will normally
+ look for them. The scripts adapt to various systems by searching
+ all the system header files for the problem cases that we know
+ about.
+
+ If new system header files are installed, nothing automatically
+ arranges to update the corrected header files. They can be
+ updated using the `mkheaders' script installed in
+ `LIBEXECDIR/gcc/TARGET/VERSION/install-tools/'.
+
+ * On 68000 and x86 systems, for instance, you can get paradoxical
+ results if you test the precise values of floating point numbers.
+ For example, you can find that a floating point value which is not
+ a NaN is not equal to itself. This results from the fact that the
+ floating point registers hold a few more bits of precision than
+ fit in a `double' in memory. Compiled code moves values between
+ memory and floating point registers at its convenience, and moving
+ them into memory truncates them.
+
+ You can partially avoid this problem by using the `-ffloat-store'
+ option (*note Optimize Options::).
+
+ * On AIX and other platforms without weak symbol support, templates
+ need to be instantiated explicitly and symbols for static members
+ of templates will not be generated.
+
+ * On AIX, GCC scans object files and library archives for static
+ constructors and destructors when linking an application before the
+ linker prunes unreferenced symbols. This is necessary to prevent
+ the AIX linker from mistakenly assuming that static constructor or
+ destructor are unused and removing them before the scanning can
+ occur. All static constructors and destructors found will be
+ referenced even though the modules in which they occur may not be
+ used by the program. This may lead to both increased executable
+ size and unexpected symbol references.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: C++ Misunderstandings, Next: Protoize Caveats, Prev: Disappointments, Up: Trouble
+
+10.8 Common Misunderstandings with GNU C++
+==========================================
+
+C++ is a complex language and an evolving one, and its standard
+definition (the ISO C++ standard) was only recently completed. As a
+result, your C++ compiler may occasionally surprise you, even when its
+behavior is correct. This section discusses some areas that frequently
+give rise to questions of this sort.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Static Definitions:: Static member declarations are not definitions
+* Name lookup:: Name lookup, templates, and accessing members of base classes
+* Temporaries:: Temporaries may vanish before you expect
+* Copy Assignment:: Copy Assignment operators copy virtual bases twice
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Static Definitions, Next: Name lookup, Up: C++ Misunderstandings
+
+10.8.1 Declare _and_ Define Static Members
+------------------------------------------
+
+When a class has static data members, it is not enough to _declare_ the
+static member; you must also _define_ it. For example:
+
+ class Foo
+ {
+ ...
+ void method();
+ static int bar;
+ };
+
+ This declaration only establishes that the class `Foo' has an `int'
+named `Foo::bar', and a member function named `Foo::method'. But you
+still need to define _both_ `method' and `bar' elsewhere. According to
+the ISO standard, you must supply an initializer in one (and only one)
+source file, such as:
+
+ int Foo::bar = 0;
+
+ Other C++ compilers may not correctly implement the standard behavior.
+As a result, when you switch to `g++' from one of these compilers, you
+may discover that a program that appeared to work correctly in fact
+does not conform to the standard: `g++' reports as undefined symbols
+any static data members that lack definitions.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Name lookup, Next: Temporaries, Prev: Static Definitions, Up: C++ Misunderstandings
+
+10.8.2 Name lookup, templates, and accessing members of base classes
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The C++ standard prescribes that all names that are not dependent on
+template parameters are bound to their present definitions when parsing
+a template function or class.(1) Only names that are dependent are
+looked up at the point of instantiation. For example, consider
+
+ void foo(double);
+
+ struct A {
+ template <typename T>
+ void f () {
+ foo (1); // 1
+ int i = N; // 2
+ T t;
+ t.bar(); // 3
+ foo (t); // 4
+ }
+
+ static const int N;
+ };
+
+ Here, the names `foo' and `N' appear in a context that does not depend
+on the type of `T'. The compiler will thus require that they are
+defined in the context of use in the template, not only before the
+point of instantiation, and will here use `::foo(double)' and `A::N',
+respectively. In particular, it will convert the integer value to a
+`double' when passing it to `::foo(double)'.
+
+ Conversely, `bar' and the call to `foo' in the fourth marked line are
+used in contexts that do depend on the type of `T', so they are only
+looked up at the point of instantiation, and you can provide
+declarations for them after declaring the template, but before
+instantiating it. In particular, if you instantiate `A::f<int>', the
+last line will call an overloaded `::foo(int)' if one was provided,
+even if after the declaration of `struct A'.
+
+ This distinction between lookup of dependent and non-dependent names is
+called two-stage (or dependent) name lookup. G++ implements it since
+version 3.4.
+
+ Two-stage name lookup sometimes leads to situations with behavior
+different from non-template codes. The most common is probably this:
+
+ template <typename T> struct Base {
+ int i;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T> struct Derived : public Base<T> {
+ int get_i() { return i; }
+ };
+
+ In `get_i()', `i' is not used in a dependent context, so the compiler
+will look for a name declared at the enclosing namespace scope (which
+is the global scope here). It will not look into the base class, since
+that is dependent and you may declare specializations of `Base' even
+after declaring `Derived', so the compiler can't really know what `i'
+would refer to. If there is no global variable `i', then you will get
+an error message.
+
+ In order to make it clear that you want the member of the base class,
+you need to defer lookup until instantiation time, at which the base
+class is known. For this, you need to access `i' in a dependent
+context, by either using `this->i' (remember that `this' is of type
+`Derived<T>*', so is obviously dependent), or using `Base<T>::i'.
+Alternatively, `Base<T>::i' might be brought into scope by a
+`using'-declaration.
+
+ Another, similar example involves calling member functions of a base
+class:
+
+ template <typename T> struct Base {
+ int f();
+ };
+
+ template <typename T> struct Derived : Base<T> {
+ int g() { return f(); };
+ };
+
+ Again, the call to `f()' is not dependent on template arguments (there
+are no arguments that depend on the type `T', and it is also not
+otherwise specified that the call should be in a dependent context).
+Thus a global declaration of such a function must be available, since
+the one in the base class is not visible until instantiation time. The
+compiler will consequently produce the following error message:
+
+ x.cc: In member function `int Derived<T>::g()':
+ x.cc:6: error: there are no arguments to `f' that depend on a template
+ parameter, so a declaration of `f' must be available
+ x.cc:6: error: (if you use `-fpermissive', G++ will accept your code, but
+ allowing the use of an undeclared name is deprecated)
+
+ To make the code valid either use `this->f()', or `Base<T>::f()'.
+Using the `-fpermissive' flag will also let the compiler accept the
+code, by marking all function calls for which no declaration is visible
+at the time of definition of the template for later lookup at
+instantiation time, as if it were a dependent call. We do not
+recommend using `-fpermissive' to work around invalid code, and it will
+also only catch cases where functions in base classes are called, not
+where variables in base classes are used (as in the example above).
+
+ Note that some compilers (including G++ versions prior to 3.4) get
+these examples wrong and accept above code without an error. Those
+compilers do not implement two-stage name lookup correctly.
+
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) The C++ standard just uses the term "dependent" for names that
+depend on the type or value of template parameters. This shorter term
+will also be used in the rest of this section.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Temporaries, Next: Copy Assignment, Prev: Name lookup, Up: C++ Misunderstandings
+
+10.8.3 Temporaries May Vanish Before You Expect
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+It is dangerous to use pointers or references to _portions_ of a
+temporary object. The compiler may very well delete the object before
+you expect it to, leaving a pointer to garbage. The most common place
+where this problem crops up is in classes like string classes,
+especially ones that define a conversion function to type `char *' or
+`const char *'--which is one reason why the standard `string' class
+requires you to call the `c_str' member function. However, any class
+that returns a pointer to some internal structure is potentially
+subject to this problem.
+
+ For example, a program may use a function `strfunc' that returns
+`string' objects, and another function `charfunc' that operates on
+pointers to `char':
+
+ string strfunc ();
+ void charfunc (const char *);
+
+ void
+ f ()
+ {
+ const char *p = strfunc().c_str();
+ ...
+ charfunc (p);
+ ...
+ charfunc (p);
+ }
+
+In this situation, it may seem reasonable to save a pointer to the C
+string returned by the `c_str' member function and use that rather than
+call `c_str' repeatedly. However, the temporary string created by the
+call to `strfunc' is destroyed after `p' is initialized, at which point
+`p' is left pointing to freed memory.
+
+ Code like this may run successfully under some other compilers,
+particularly obsolete cfront-based compilers that delete temporaries
+along with normal local variables. However, the GNU C++ behavior is
+standard-conforming, so if your program depends on late destruction of
+temporaries it is not portable.
+
+ The safe way to write such code is to give the temporary a name, which
+forces it to remain until the end of the scope of the name. For
+example:
+
+ const string& tmp = strfunc ();
+ charfunc (tmp.c_str ());
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Copy Assignment, Prev: Temporaries, Up: C++ Misunderstandings
+
+10.8.4 Implicit Copy-Assignment for Virtual Bases
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+When a base class is virtual, only one subobject of the base class
+belongs to each full object. Also, the constructors and destructors are
+invoked only once, and called from the most-derived class. However,
+such objects behave unspecified when being assigned. For example:
+
+ struct Base{
+ char *name;
+ Base(char *n) : name(strdup(n)){}
+ Base& operator= (const Base& other){
+ free (name);
+ name = strdup (other.name);
+ }
+ };
+
+ struct A:virtual Base{
+ int val;
+ A():Base("A"){}
+ };
+
+ struct B:virtual Base{
+ int bval;
+ B():Base("B"){}
+ };
+
+ struct Derived:public A, public B{
+ Derived():Base("Derived"){}
+ };
+
+ void func(Derived &d1, Derived &d2)
+ {
+ d1 = d2;
+ }
+
+ The C++ standard specifies that `Base::Base' is only called once when
+constructing or copy-constructing a Derived object. It is unspecified
+whether `Base::operator=' is called more than once when the implicit
+copy-assignment for Derived objects is invoked (as it is inside `func'
+in the example).
+
+ G++ implements the "intuitive" algorithm for copy-assignment: assign
+all direct bases, then assign all members. In that algorithm, the
+virtual base subobject can be encountered more than once. In the
+example, copying proceeds in the following order: `val', `name' (via
+`strdup'), `bval', and `name' again.
+
+ If application code relies on copy-assignment, a user-defined
+copy-assignment operator removes any uncertainties. With such an
+operator, the application can define whether and how the virtual base
+subobject is assigned.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Protoize Caveats, Next: Non-bugs, Prev: C++ Misunderstandings, Up: Trouble
+
+10.9 Caveats of using `protoize'
+================================
+
+The conversion programs `protoize' and `unprotoize' can sometimes
+change a source file in a way that won't work unless you rearrange it.
+
+ * `protoize' can insert references to a type name or type tag before
+ the definition, or in a file where they are not defined.
+
+ If this happens, compiler error messages should show you where the
+ new references are, so fixing the file by hand is straightforward.
+
+ * There are some C constructs which `protoize' cannot figure out.
+ For example, it can't determine argument types for declaring a
+ pointer-to-function variable; this you must do by hand. `protoize'
+ inserts a comment containing `???' each time it finds such a
+ variable; so you can find all such variables by searching for this
+ string. ISO C does not require declaring the argument types of
+ pointer-to-function types.
+
+ * Using `unprotoize' can easily introduce bugs. If the program
+ relied on prototypes to bring about conversion of arguments, these
+ conversions will not take place in the program without prototypes.
+ One case in which you can be sure `unprotoize' is safe is when you
+ are removing prototypes that were made with `protoize'; if the
+ program worked before without any prototypes, it will work again
+ without them.
+
+ You can find all the places where this problem might occur by
+ compiling the program with the `-Wtraditional-conversion' option.
+ It prints a warning whenever an argument is converted.
+
+ * Both conversion programs can be confused if there are macro calls
+ in and around the text to be converted. In other words, the
+ standard syntax for a declaration or definition must not result
+ from expanding a macro. This problem is inherent in the design of
+ C and cannot be fixed. If only a few functions have confusing
+ macro calls, you can easily convert them manually.
+
+ * `protoize' cannot get the argument types for a function whose
+ definition was not actually compiled due to preprocessing
+ conditionals. When this happens, `protoize' changes nothing in
+ regard to such a function. `protoize' tries to detect such
+ instances and warn about them.
+
+ You can generally work around this problem by using `protoize' step
+ by step, each time specifying a different set of `-D' options for
+ compilation, until all of the functions have been converted.
+ There is no automatic way to verify that you have got them all,
+ however.
+
+ * Confusion may result if there is an occasion to convert a function
+ declaration or definition in a region of source code where there
+ is more than one formal parameter list present. Thus, attempts to
+ convert code containing multiple (conditionally compiled) versions
+ of a single function header (in the same vicinity) may not produce
+ the desired (or expected) results.
+
+ If you plan on converting source files which contain such code, it
+ is recommended that you first make sure that each conditionally
+ compiled region of source code which contains an alternative
+ function header also contains at least one additional follower
+ token (past the final right parenthesis of the function header).
+ This should circumvent the problem.
+
+ * `unprotoize' can become confused when trying to convert a function
+ definition or declaration which contains a declaration for a
+ pointer-to-function formal argument which has the same name as the
+ function being defined or declared. We recommend you avoid such
+ choices of formal parameter names.
+
+ * You might also want to correct some of the indentation by hand and
+ break long lines. (The conversion programs don't write lines
+ longer than eighty characters in any case.)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Non-bugs, Next: Warnings and Errors, Prev: Protoize Caveats, Up: Trouble
+
+10.10 Certain Changes We Don't Want to Make
+===========================================
+
+This section lists changes that people frequently request, but which we
+do not make because we think GCC is better without them.
+
+ * Checking the number and type of arguments to a function which has
+ an old-fashioned definition and no prototype.
+
+ Such a feature would work only occasionally--only for calls that
+ appear in the same file as the called function, following the
+ definition. The only way to check all calls reliably is to add a
+ prototype for the function. But adding a prototype eliminates the
+ motivation for this feature. So the feature is not worthwhile.
+
+ * Warning about using an expression whose type is signed as a shift
+ count.
+
+ Shift count operands are probably signed more often than unsigned.
+ Warning about this would cause far more annoyance than good.
+
+ * Warning about assigning a signed value to an unsigned variable.
+
+ Such assignments must be very common; warning about them would
+ cause more annoyance than good.
+
+ * Warning when a non-void function value is ignored.
+
+ C contains many standard functions that return a value that most
+ programs choose to ignore. One obvious example is `printf'.
+ Warning about this practice only leads the defensive programmer to
+ clutter programs with dozens of casts to `void'. Such casts are
+ required so frequently that they become visual noise. Writing
+ those casts becomes so automatic that they no longer convey useful
+ information about the intentions of the programmer. For functions
+ where the return value should never be ignored, use the
+ `warn_unused_result' function attribute (*note Function
+ Attributes::).
+
+ * Making `-fshort-enums' the default.
+
+ This would cause storage layout to be incompatible with most other
+ C compilers. And it doesn't seem very important, given that you
+ can get the same result in other ways. The case where it matters
+ most is when the enumeration-valued object is inside a structure,
+ and in that case you can specify a field width explicitly.
+
+ * Making bit-fields unsigned by default on particular machines where
+ "the ABI standard" says to do so.
+
+ The ISO C standard leaves it up to the implementation whether a
+ bit-field declared plain `int' is signed or not. This in effect
+ creates two alternative dialects of C.
+
+ The GNU C compiler supports both dialects; you can specify the
+ signed dialect with `-fsigned-bitfields' and the unsigned dialect
+ with `-funsigned-bitfields'. However, this leaves open the
+ question of which dialect to use by default.
+
+ Currently, the preferred dialect makes plain bit-fields signed,
+ because this is simplest. Since `int' is the same as `signed int'
+ in every other context, it is cleanest for them to be the same in
+ bit-fields as well.
+
+ Some computer manufacturers have published Application Binary
+ Interface standards which specify that plain bit-fields should be
+ unsigned. It is a mistake, however, to say anything about this
+ issue in an ABI. This is because the handling of plain bit-fields
+ distinguishes two dialects of C. Both dialects are meaningful on
+ every type of machine. Whether a particular object file was
+ compiled using signed bit-fields or unsigned is of no concern to
+ other object files, even if they access the same bit-fields in the
+ same data structures.
+
+ A given program is written in one or the other of these two
+ dialects. The program stands a chance to work on most any machine
+ if it is compiled with the proper dialect. It is unlikely to work
+ at all if compiled with the wrong dialect.
+
+ Many users appreciate the GNU C compiler because it provides an
+ environment that is uniform across machines. These users would be
+ inconvenienced if the compiler treated plain bit-fields
+ differently on certain machines.
+
+ Occasionally users write programs intended only for a particular
+ machine type. On these occasions, the users would benefit if the
+ GNU C compiler were to support by default the same dialect as the
+ other compilers on that machine. But such applications are rare.
+ And users writing a program to run on more than one type of
+ machine cannot possibly benefit from this kind of compatibility.
+
+ This is why GCC does and will treat plain bit-fields in the same
+ fashion on all types of machines (by default).
+
+ There are some arguments for making bit-fields unsigned by default
+ on all machines. If, for example, this becomes a universal de
+ facto standard, it would make sense for GCC to go along with it.
+ This is something to be considered in the future.
+
+ (Of course, users strongly concerned about portability should
+ indicate explicitly in each bit-field whether it is signed or not.
+ In this way, they write programs which have the same meaning in
+ both C dialects.)
+
+ * Undefining `__STDC__' when `-ansi' is not used.
+
+ Currently, GCC defines `__STDC__' unconditionally. This provides
+ good results in practice.
+
+ Programmers normally use conditionals on `__STDC__' to ask whether
+ it is safe to use certain features of ISO C, such as function
+ prototypes or ISO token concatenation. Since plain `gcc' supports
+ all the features of ISO C, the correct answer to these questions is
+ "yes".
+
+ Some users try to use `__STDC__' to check for the availability of
+ certain library facilities. This is actually incorrect usage in
+ an ISO C program, because the ISO C standard says that a conforming
+ freestanding implementation should define `__STDC__' even though it
+ does not have the library facilities. `gcc -ansi -pedantic' is a
+ conforming freestanding implementation, and it is therefore
+ required to define `__STDC__', even though it does not come with
+ an ISO C library.
+
+ Sometimes people say that defining `__STDC__' in a compiler that
+ does not completely conform to the ISO C standard somehow violates
+ the standard. This is illogical. The standard is a standard for
+ compilers that claim to support ISO C, such as `gcc -ansi'--not
+ for other compilers such as plain `gcc'. Whatever the ISO C
+ standard says is relevant to the design of plain `gcc' without
+ `-ansi' only for pragmatic reasons, not as a requirement.
+
+ GCC normally defines `__STDC__' to be 1, and in addition defines
+ `__STRICT_ANSI__' if you specify the `-ansi' option, or a `-std'
+ option for strict conformance to some version of ISO C. On some
+ hosts, system include files use a different convention, where
+ `__STDC__' is normally 0, but is 1 if the user specifies strict
+ conformance to the C Standard. GCC follows the host convention
+ when processing system include files, but when processing user
+ files it follows the usual GNU C convention.
+
+ * Undefining `__STDC__' in C++.
+
+ Programs written to compile with C++-to-C translators get the
+ value of `__STDC__' that goes with the C compiler that is
+ subsequently used. These programs must test `__STDC__' to
+ determine what kind of C preprocessor that compiler uses: whether
+ they should concatenate tokens in the ISO C fashion or in the
+ traditional fashion.
+
+ These programs work properly with GNU C++ if `__STDC__' is defined.
+ They would not work otherwise.
+
+ In addition, many header files are written to provide prototypes
+ in ISO C but not in traditional C. Many of these header files can
+ work without change in C++ provided `__STDC__' is defined. If
+ `__STDC__' is not defined, they will all fail, and will all need
+ to be changed to test explicitly for C++ as well.
+
+ * Deleting "empty" loops.
+
+ Historically, GCC has not deleted "empty" loops under the
+ assumption that the most likely reason you would put one in a
+ program is to have a delay, so deleting them will not make real
+ programs run any faster.
+
+ However, the rationale here is that optimization of a nonempty loop
+ cannot produce an empty one. This held for carefully written C
+ compiled with less powerful optimizers but is not always the case
+ for carefully written C++ or with more powerful optimizers. Thus
+ GCC will remove operations from loops whenever it can determine
+ those operations are not externally visible (apart from the time
+ taken to execute them, of course). In case the loop can be proved
+ to be finite, GCC will also remove the loop itself.
+
+ Be aware of this when performing timing tests, for instance the
+ following loop can be completely removed, provided
+ `some_expression' can provably not change any global state.
+
+ {
+ int sum = 0;
+ int ix;
+
+ for (ix = 0; ix != 10000; ix++)
+ sum += some_expression;
+ }
+
+ Even though `sum' is accumulated in the loop, no use is made of
+ that summation, so the accumulation can be removed.
+
+ * Making side effects happen in the same order as in some other
+ compiler.
+
+ It is never safe to depend on the order of evaluation of side
+ effects. For example, a function call like this may very well
+ behave differently from one compiler to another:
+
+ void func (int, int);
+
+ int i = 2;
+ func (i++, i++);
+
+ There is no guarantee (in either the C or the C++ standard language
+ definitions) that the increments will be evaluated in any
+ particular order. Either increment might happen first. `func'
+ might get the arguments `2, 3', or it might get `3, 2', or even
+ `2, 2'.
+
+ * Making certain warnings into errors by default.
+
+ Some ISO C testsuites report failure when the compiler does not
+ produce an error message for a certain program.
+
+ ISO C requires a "diagnostic" message for certain kinds of invalid
+ programs, but a warning is defined by GCC to count as a
+ diagnostic. If GCC produces a warning but not an error, that is
+ correct ISO C support. If testsuites call this "failure", they
+ should be run with the GCC option `-pedantic-errors', which will
+ turn these warnings into errors.
+
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Warnings and Errors, Prev: Non-bugs, Up: Trouble
+
+10.11 Warning Messages and Error Messages
+=========================================
+
+The GNU compiler can produce two kinds of diagnostics: errors and
+warnings. Each kind has a different purpose:
+
+ "Errors" report problems that make it impossible to compile your
+ program. GCC reports errors with the source file name and line
+ number where the problem is apparent.
+
+ "Warnings" report other unusual conditions in your code that _may_
+ indicate a problem, although compilation can (and does) proceed.
+ Warning messages also report the source file name and line number,
+ but include the text `warning:' to distinguish them from error
+ messages.
+
+ Warnings may indicate danger points where you should check to make sure
+that your program really does what you intend; or the use of obsolete
+features; or the use of nonstandard features of GNU C or C++. Many
+warnings are issued only if you ask for them, with one of the `-W'
+options (for instance, `-Wall' requests a variety of useful warnings).
+
+ GCC always tries to compile your program if possible; it never
+gratuitously rejects a program whose meaning is clear merely because
+(for instance) it fails to conform to a standard. In some cases,
+however, the C and C++ standards specify that certain extensions are
+forbidden, and a diagnostic _must_ be issued by a conforming compiler.
+The `-pedantic' option tells GCC to issue warnings in such cases;
+`-pedantic-errors' says to make them errors instead. This does not
+mean that _all_ non-ISO constructs get warnings or errors.
+
+ *Note Options to Request or Suppress Warnings: Warning Options, for
+more detail on these and related command-line options.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Bugs, Next: Service, Prev: Trouble, Up: Top
+
+11 Reporting Bugs
+*****************
+
+Your bug reports play an essential role in making GCC reliable.
+
+ When you encounter a problem, the first thing to do is to see if it is
+already known. *Note Trouble::. If it isn't known, then you should
+report the problem.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Criteria: Bug Criteria. Have you really found a bug?
+* Reporting: Bug Reporting. How to report a bug effectively.
+* Known: Trouble. Known problems.
+* Help: Service. Where to ask for help.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Bug Criteria, Next: Bug Reporting, Up: Bugs
+
+11.1 Have You Found a Bug?
+==========================
+
+If you are not sure whether you have found a bug, here are some
+guidelines:
+
+ * If the compiler gets a fatal signal, for any input whatever, that
+ is a compiler bug. Reliable compilers never crash.
+
+ * If the compiler produces invalid assembly code, for any input
+ whatever (except an `asm' statement), that is a compiler bug,
+ unless the compiler reports errors (not just warnings) which would
+ ordinarily prevent the assembler from being run.
+
+ * If the compiler produces valid assembly code that does not
+ correctly execute the input source code, that is a compiler bug.
+
+ However, you must double-check to make sure, because you may have a
+ program whose behavior is undefined, which happened by chance to
+ give the desired results with another C or C++ compiler.
+
+ For example, in many nonoptimizing compilers, you can write `x;'
+ at the end of a function instead of `return x;', with the same
+ results. But the value of the function is undefined if `return'
+ is omitted; it is not a bug when GCC produces different results.
+
+ Problems often result from expressions with two increment
+ operators, as in `f (*p++, *p++)'. Your previous compiler might
+ have interpreted that expression the way you intended; GCC might
+ interpret it another way. Neither compiler is wrong. The bug is
+ in your code.
+
+ After you have localized the error to a single source line, it
+ should be easy to check for these things. If your program is
+ correct and well defined, you have found a compiler bug.
+
+ * If the compiler produces an error message for valid input, that is
+ a compiler bug.
+
+ * If the compiler does not produce an error message for invalid
+ input, that is a compiler bug. However, you should note that your
+ idea of "invalid input" might be someone else's idea of "an
+ extension" or "support for traditional practice".
+
+ * If you are an experienced user of one of the languages GCC
+ supports, your suggestions for improvement of GCC are welcome in
+ any case.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Bug Reporting, Prev: Bug Criteria, Up: Bugs
+
+11.2 How and where to Report Bugs
+=================================
+
+Bugs should be reported to the bug database at
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/bugs.html'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Service, Next: Contributing, Prev: Bugs, Up: Top
+
+12 How To Get Help with GCC
+***************************
+
+If you need help installing, using or changing GCC, there are two ways
+to find it:
+
+ * Send a message to a suitable network mailing list. First try
+ <gcc-help@gcc.gnu.org> (for help installing or using GCC), and if
+ that brings no response, try <gcc@gcc.gnu.org>. For help changing
+ GCC, ask <gcc@gcc.gnu.org>. If you think you have found a bug in
+ GCC, please report it following the instructions at *note Bug
+ Reporting::.
+
+ * Look in the service directory for someone who might help you for a
+ fee. The service directory is found at
+ `http://www.fsf.org/resources/service'.
+
+ For further information, see `http://gcc.gnu.org/faq.html#support'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Contributing, Next: Funding, Prev: Service, Up: Top
+
+13 Contributing to GCC Development
+**********************************
+
+If you would like to help pretest GCC releases to assure they work well,
+current development sources are available by SVN (see
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/svn.html'). Source and binary snapshots are also
+available for FTP; see `http://gcc.gnu.org/snapshots.html'.
+
+ If you would like to work on improvements to GCC, please read the
+advice at these URLs:
+
+ `http://gcc.gnu.org/contribute.html'
+ `http://gcc.gnu.org/contributewhy.html'
+
+for information on how to make useful contributions and avoid
+duplication of effort. Suggested projects are listed at
+`http://gcc.gnu.org/projects/'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Funding, Next: GNU Project, Prev: Contributing, Up: Top
+
+Funding Free Software
+*********************
+
+If you want to have more free software a few years from now, it makes
+sense for you to help encourage people to contribute funds for its
+development. The most effective approach known is to encourage
+commercial redistributors to donate.
+
+ Users of free software systems can boost the pace of development by
+encouraging for-a-fee distributors to donate part of their selling price
+to free software developers--the Free Software Foundation, and others.
+
+ The way to convince distributors to do this is to demand it and expect
+it from them. So when you compare distributors, judge them partly by
+how much they give to free software development. Show distributors
+they must compete to be the one who gives the most.
+
+ To make this approach work, you must insist on numbers that you can
+compare, such as, "We will donate ten dollars to the Frobnitz project
+for each disk sold." Don't be satisfied with a vague promise, such as
+"A portion of the profits are donated," since it doesn't give a basis
+for comparison.
+
+ Even a precise fraction "of the profits from this disk" is not very
+meaningful, since creative accounting and unrelated business decisions
+can greatly alter what fraction of the sales price counts as profit.
+If the price you pay is $50, ten percent of the profit is probably less
+than a dollar; it might be a few cents, or nothing at all.
+
+ Some redistributors do development work themselves. This is useful
+too; but to keep everyone honest, you need to inquire how much they do,
+and what kind. Some kinds of development make much more long-term
+difference than others. For example, maintaining a separate version of
+a program contributes very little; maintaining the standard version of a
+program for the whole community contributes much. Easy new ports
+contribute little, since someone else would surely do them; difficult
+ports such as adding a new CPU to the GNU Compiler Collection
+contribute more; major new features or packages contribute the most.
+
+ By establishing the idea that supporting further development is "the
+proper thing to do" when distributing free software for a fee, we can
+assure a steady flow of resources into making more free software.
+
+ Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Verbatim copying and redistribution of this section is permitted
+ without royalty; alteration is not permitted.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: GNU Project, Next: Copying, Prev: Funding, Up: Top
+
+The GNU Project and GNU/Linux
+*****************************
+
+The GNU Project was launched in 1984 to develop a complete Unix-like
+operating system which is free software: the GNU system. (GNU is a
+recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix"; it is pronounced "guh-NEW".)
+Variants of the GNU operating system, which use the kernel Linux, are
+now widely used; though these systems are often referred to as "Linux",
+they are more accurately called GNU/Linux systems.
+
+ For more information, see:
+ `http://www.gnu.org/'
+ `http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html'
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Copying, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: GNU Project, Up: Top
+
+GNU General Public License
+**************************
+
+ Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. `http://fsf.org/'
+
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
+ license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+Preamble
+========
+
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+and other kinds of works.
+
+ The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
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+
+ When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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+ Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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+ Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
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+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+====================
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+ "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public
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+ You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
+ run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
+ occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer
+ transmission to receive a copy likewise does not require
+ acceptance. However, nothing other than this License grants you
+ permission to propagate or modify any covered work. These actions
+ infringe copyright if you do not accept this License. Therefore,
+ by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your
+ acceptance of this License to do so.
+
+ 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
+
+ Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
+ receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
+ propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not
+ responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with this
+ License.
+
+ An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
+ organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
+ organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a
+ covered work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
+ transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
+ licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or
+ could give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to
+ possession of the Corresponding Source of the work from the
+ predecessor in interest, if the predecessor has it or can get it
+ with reasonable efforts.
+
+ You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
+ rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you
+ may not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for
+ exercise of rights granted under this License, and you may not
+ initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a
+ lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making,
+ using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or any
+ portion of it.
+
+ 11. Patents.
+
+ A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
+ License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based.
+ The work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor
+ version".
+
+ A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
+ owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
+ hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner,
+ permitted by this License, of making, using, or selling its
+ contributor version, but do not include claims that would be
+ infringed only as a consequence of further modification of the
+ contributor version. For purposes of this definition, "control"
+ includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a manner
+ consistent with the requirements of this License.
+
+ Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide,
+ royalty-free patent license under the contributor's essential
+ patent claims, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and
+ otherwise run, modify and propagate the contents of its
+ contributor version.
+
+ In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any
+ express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to
+ enforce a patent (such as an express permission to practice a
+ patent or covenant not to sue for patent infringement). To
+ "grant" such a patent license to a party means to make such an
+ agreement or commitment not to enforce a patent against the party.
+
+ If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent
+ license, and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available
+ for anyone to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this
+ License, through a publicly available network server or other
+ readily accessible means, then you must either (1) cause the
+ Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
+ yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular
+ work, or (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements
+ of this License, to extend the patent license to downstream
+ recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have actual knowledge
+ that, but for the patent license, your conveying the covered work
+ in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work in a
+ country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
+ country that you have reason to believe are valid.
+
+ If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
+ arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
+ covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
+ receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate,
+ modify or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the
+ patent license you grant is automatically extended to all
+ recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
+
+ A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
+ the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
+ conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that
+ are specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a
+ covered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third
+ party that is in the business of distributing software, under
+ which you make payment to the third party based on the extent of
+ your activity of conveying the work, and under which the third
+ party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the covered
+ work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
+ with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made
+ from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with
+ specific products or compilations that contain the covered work,
+ unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent license
+ was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
+
+ Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+ any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+ otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+ 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+ If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
+ agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
+ License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
+ License. If you cannot convey a covered work so as to satisfy
+ simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other
+ pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it
+ at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you to
+ collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you
+ convey the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those
+ terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying
+ the Program.
+
+ 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
+ Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+ permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+ under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a
+ single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms
+ of this License will continue to apply to the part which is the
+ covered work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero
+ General Public License, section 13, concerning interaction through
+ a network will apply to the combination as such.
+
+ 14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+ The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
+ versions of the GNU General Public License from time to time.
+ Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present
+ version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or
+ concerns.
+
+ Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+ Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU
+ General Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you
+ have the option of following the terms and conditions either of
+ that numbered version or of any later version published by the
+ Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a
+ version number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose
+ any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+ If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
+ versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that
+ proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
+ authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
+
+ Later license versions may give you additional or different
+ permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
+ author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
+ later version.
+
+ 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+ THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+ APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE
+ COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS"
+ WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
+ INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE
+ RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.
+ SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
+ NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+ 16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+ IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
+ WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES
+ AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
+ FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
+ CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE
+ THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA
+ BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+ PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
+ PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
+ THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+ 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+ If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+ above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+ reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely
+ approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in
+ connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of
+ liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+
+END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+===========================
+
+How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+=============================================
+
+If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
+terms.
+
+ To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
+"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+ ONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND A BRIEF IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.
+ Copyright (C) YEAR NAME OF AUTHOR
+
+ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
+ your option) any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/'.
+
+ Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
+mail.
+
+ If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+ PROGRAM Copyright (C) YEAR NAME OF AUTHOR
+ This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+ This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+ under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+ The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
+appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
+program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
+use an "about box".
+
+ You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
+school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
+necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow
+the GNU GPL, see `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/'.
+
+ The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
+program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
+library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
+applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
+GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first,
+please read `http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html'.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Next: Contributors, Prev: Copying, Up: Top
+
+GNU Free Documentation License
+******************************
+
+ Version 1.2, November 2002
+
+ Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
+
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+ 0. PREAMBLE
+
+ The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
+ functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
+ assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
+ with or without modifying it, either commercially or
+ noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the
+ author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not
+ being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
+
+ This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
+ works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.
+ It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
+ license designed for free software.
+
+ We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
+ free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
+ free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms
+ that the software does. But this License is not limited to
+ software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless
+ of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book.
+ We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is
+ instruction or reference.
+
+ 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
+
+ This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,
+ that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it
+ can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice
+ grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration,
+ to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The
+ "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member
+ of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You
+ accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a
+ way requiring permission under copyright law.
+
+ A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
+ Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
+ modifications and/or translated into another language.
+
+ A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section
+ of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
+ publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
+ subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could
+ fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document
+ is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not
+ explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of
+ historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or
+ of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
+ regarding them.
+
+ The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose
+ titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in
+ the notice that says that the Document is released under this
+ License. If a section does not fit the above definition of
+ Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant.
+ The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document
+ does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.
+
+ The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are
+ listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice
+ that says that the Document is released under this License. A
+ Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may
+ be at most 25 words.
+
+ A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
+ represented in a format whose specification is available to the
+ general public, that is suitable for revising the document
+ straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images
+ composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some
+ widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to
+ text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of
+ formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an
+ otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of
+ markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent
+ modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is
+ not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A
+ copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
+
+ Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
+ ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format,
+ SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and
+ standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for
+ human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include
+ PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that
+ can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or
+ XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally
+ available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF
+ produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
+
+ The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
+ plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the
+ material this License requires to appear in the title page. For
+ works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
+ Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the
+ work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
+
+ A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document
+ whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses
+ following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ
+ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
+ "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)
+ To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the
+ Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according
+ to this definition.
+
+ The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
+ which states that this License applies to the Document. These
+ Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in
+ this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
+ implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and
+ has no effect on the meaning of this License.
+
+ 2. VERBATIM COPYING
+
+ You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
+ commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
+ copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License
+ applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you
+ add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You
+ may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading
+ or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However,
+ you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you
+ distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow
+ the conditions in section 3.
+
+ You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
+ and you may publicly display copies.
+
+ 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
+
+ If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
+ have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and
+ the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must
+ enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all
+ these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and
+ Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly
+ and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The
+ front cover must present the full title with all words of the
+ title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material
+ on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the
+ covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
+ satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in
+ other respects.
+
+ If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
+ legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
+ reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
+ adjacent pages.
+
+ If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
+ numbering more than 100, you must either include a
+ machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or
+ state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from
+ which the general network-using public has access to download
+ using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent
+ copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the
+ latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you
+ begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that
+ this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
+ location until at least one year after the last time you
+ distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
+ retailers) of that edition to the public.
+
+ It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
+ the Document well before redistributing any large number of
+ copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated
+ version of the Document.
+
+ 4. MODIFICATIONS
+
+ You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
+ under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
+ release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with
+ the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
+ licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to
+ whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these
+ things in the Modified Version:
+
+ A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title
+ distinct from that of the Document, and from those of
+ previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed
+ in the History section of the Document). You may use the
+ same title as a previous version if the original publisher of
+ that version gives permission.
+
+ B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or
+ entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
+ the Modified Version, together with at least five of the
+ principal authors of the Document (all of its principal
+ authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you
+ from this requirement.
+
+ C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
+ Modified Version, as the publisher.
+
+ D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
+
+ E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
+ adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+
+ F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license
+ notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
+ Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in
+ the Addendum below.
+
+ G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant
+ Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
+ license notice.
+
+ H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+
+ I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title,
+ and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
+ authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on
+ the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in
+ the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors,
+ and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,
+ then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in
+ the previous sentence.
+
+ J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document
+ for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
+ likewise the network locations given in the Document for
+ previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in
+ the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a
+ work that was published at least four years before the
+ Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version
+ it refers to gives permission.
+
+ K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
+ Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
+ section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
+ acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
+
+ L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
+ unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
+ or the equivalent are not considered part of the section
+ titles.
+
+ M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
+ may not be included in the Modified Version.
+
+ N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
+ "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant
+ Section.
+
+ O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
+
+ If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
+ appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no
+ material copied from the Document, you may at your option
+ designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this,
+ add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified
+ Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any
+ other section titles.
+
+ You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
+ nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
+ parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
+ has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
+ definition of a standard.
+
+ You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
+ and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end
+ of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one
+ passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be
+ added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the
+ Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,
+ previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity
+ you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
+ replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
+ publisher that added the old one.
+
+ The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
+ License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
+ assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
+
+ 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
+
+ You may combine the Document with other documents released under
+ this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for
+ modified versions, provided that you include in the combination
+ all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,
+ unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
+ combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all
+ their Warranty Disclaimers.
+
+ The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
+ multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
+ copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name
+ but different contents, make the title of each such section unique
+ by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the
+ original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a
+ unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in
+ the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
+ combined work.
+
+ In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
+ "History" in the various original documents, forming one section
+ Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
+ "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You
+ must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."
+
+ 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
+
+ You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
+ documents released under this License, and replace the individual
+ copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
+ that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
+ rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
+ documents in all other respects.
+
+ You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
+ distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert
+ a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow
+ this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of
+ that document.
+
+ 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
+
+ A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
+ separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of
+ a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
+ copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the
+ legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual
+ works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this
+ License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which
+ are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
+
+ If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
+ copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half
+ of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed
+ on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
+ electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic
+ form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket
+ the whole aggregate.
+
+ 8. TRANSLATION
+
+ Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
+ distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section
+ 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
+ permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
+ translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
+ original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
+ translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
+ Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also
+ include the original English version of this License and the
+ original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
+ disagreement between the translation and the original version of
+ this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will
+ prevail.
+
+ If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
+ "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to
+ Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the
+ actual title.
+
+ 9. TERMINATION
+
+ You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
+ except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other
+ attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is
+ void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
+ License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
+ from you under this License will not have their licenses
+ terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
+
+ 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
+
+ The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
+ the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
+ versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+ differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
+ `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'.
+
+ Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
+ number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered
+ version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you
+ have the option of following the terms and conditions either of
+ that specified version or of any later version that has been
+ published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If
+ the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
+ you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
+ Free Software Foundation.
+
+ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
+====================================================
+
+To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
+notices just after the title page:
+
+ Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME.
+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+ under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+ or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+ with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
+ Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
+ Free Documentation License''.
+
+ If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
+replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
+
+ with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
+ the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts
+ being LIST.
+
+ If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
+combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
+situation.
+
+ If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
+recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
+free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
+permit their use in free software.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Contributors, Next: Option Index, Prev: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Top
+
+Contributors to GCC
+*******************
+
+The GCC project would like to thank its many contributors. Without
+them the project would not have been nearly as successful as it has
+been. Any omissions in this list are accidental. Feel free to contact
+<law@redhat.com> or <gerald@pfeifer.com> if you have been left out or
+some of your contributions are not listed. Please keep this list in
+alphabetical order.
+
+ * Analog Devices helped implement the support for complex data types
+ and iterators.
+
+ * John David Anglin for threading-related fixes and improvements to
+ libstdc++-v3, and the HP-UX port.
+
+ * James van Artsdalen wrote the code that makes efficient use of the
+ Intel 80387 register stack.
+
+ * Abramo and Roberto Bagnara for the SysV68 Motorola 3300 Delta
+ Series port.
+
+ * Alasdair Baird for various bug fixes.
+
+ * Giovanni Bajo for analyzing lots of complicated C++ problem
+ reports.
+
+ * Peter Barada for his work to improve code generation for new
+ ColdFire cores.
+
+ * Gerald Baumgartner added the signature extension to the C++ front
+ end.
+
+ * Godmar Back for his Java improvements and encouragement.
+
+ * Scott Bambrough for help porting the Java compiler.
+
+ * Wolfgang Bangerth for processing tons of bug reports.
+
+ * Jon Beniston for his Microsoft Windows port of Java.
+
+ * Daniel Berlin for better DWARF2 support, faster/better
+ optimizations, improved alias analysis, plus migrating GCC to
+ Bugzilla.
+
+ * Geoff Berry for his Java object serialization work and various
+ patches.
+
+ * Uros Bizjak for the implementation of x87 math built-in functions
+ and for various middle end and i386 back end improvements and bug
+ fixes.
+
+ * Eric Blake for helping to make GCJ and libgcj conform to the
+ specifications.
+
+ * Janne Blomqvist for contributions to GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Segher Boessenkool for various fixes.
+
+ * Hans-J. Boehm for his garbage collector, IA-64 libffi port, and
+ other Java work.
+
+ * Neil Booth for work on cpplib, lang hooks, debug hooks and other
+ miscellaneous clean-ups.
+
+ * Steven Bosscher for integrating the GNU Fortran front end into GCC
+ and for contributing to the tree-ssa branch.
+
+ * Eric Botcazou for fixing middle- and backend bugs left and right.
+
+ * Per Bothner for his direction via the steering committee and
+ various improvements to the infrastructure for supporting new
+ languages. Chill front end implementation. Initial
+ implementations of cpplib, fix-header, config.guess, libio, and
+ past C++ library (libg++) maintainer. Dreaming up, designing and
+ implementing much of GCJ.
+
+ * Devon Bowen helped port GCC to the Tahoe.
+
+ * Don Bowman for mips-vxworks contributions.
+
+ * Dave Brolley for work on cpplib and Chill.
+
+ * Paul Brook for work on the ARM architecture and maintaining GNU
+ Fortran.
+
+ * Robert Brown implemented the support for Encore 32000 systems.
+
+ * Christian Bruel for improvements to local store elimination.
+
+ * Herman A.J. ten Brugge for various fixes.
+
+ * Joerg Brunsmann for Java compiler hacking and help with the GCJ
+ FAQ.
+
+ * Joe Buck for his direction via the steering committee.
+
+ * Craig Burley for leadership of the G77 Fortran effort.
+
+ * Stephan Buys for contributing Doxygen notes for libstdc++.
+
+ * Paolo Carlini for libstdc++ work: lots of efficiency improvements
+ to the C++ strings, streambufs and formatted I/O, hard detective
+ work on the frustrating localization issues, and keeping up with
+ the problem reports.
+
+ * John Carr for his alias work, SPARC hacking, infrastructure
+ improvements, previous contributions to the steering committee,
+ loop optimizations, etc.
+
+ * Stephane Carrez for 68HC11 and 68HC12 ports.
+
+ * Steve Chamberlain for support for the Renesas SH and H8 processors
+ and the PicoJava processor, and for GCJ config fixes.
+
+ * Glenn Chambers for help with the GCJ FAQ.
+
+ * John-Marc Chandonia for various libgcj patches.
+
+ * Scott Christley for his Objective-C contributions.
+
+ * Eric Christopher for his Java porting help and clean-ups.
+
+ * Branko Cibej for more warning contributions.
+
+ * The GNU Classpath project for all of their merged runtime code.
+
+ * Nick Clifton for arm, mcore, fr30, v850, m32r work, `--help', and
+ other random hacking.
+
+ * Michael Cook for libstdc++ cleanup patches to reduce warnings.
+
+ * R. Kelley Cook for making GCC buildable from a read-only directory
+ as well as other miscellaneous build process and documentation
+ clean-ups.
+
+ * Ralf Corsepius for SH testing and minor bug fixing.
+
+ * Stan Cox for care and feeding of the x86 port and lots of behind
+ the scenes hacking.
+
+ * Alex Crain provided changes for the 3b1.
+
+ * Ian Dall for major improvements to the NS32k port.
+
+ * Paul Dale for his work to add uClinux platform support to the m68k
+ backend.
+
+ * Dario Dariol contributed the four varieties of sample programs
+ that print a copy of their source.
+
+ * Russell Davidson for fstream and stringstream fixes in libstdc++.
+
+ * Bud Davis for work on the G77 and GNU Fortran compilers.
+
+ * Mo DeJong for GCJ and libgcj bug fixes.
+
+ * DJ Delorie for the DJGPP port, build and libiberty maintenance,
+ various bug fixes, and the M32C port.
+
+ * Arnaud Desitter for helping to debug GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Gabriel Dos Reis for contributions to G++, contributions and
+ maintenance of GCC diagnostics infrastructure, libstdc++-v3,
+ including `valarray<>', `complex<>', maintaining the numerics
+ library (including that pesky `<limits>' :-) and keeping
+ up-to-date anything to do with numbers.
+
+ * Ulrich Drepper for his work on glibc, testing of GCC using glibc,
+ ISO C99 support, CFG dumping support, etc., plus support of the
+ C++ runtime libraries including for all kinds of C interface
+ issues, contributing and maintaining `complex<>', sanity checking
+ and disbursement, configuration architecture, libio maintenance,
+ and early math work.
+
+ * Zdenek Dvorak for a new loop unroller and various fixes.
+
+ * Richard Earnshaw for his ongoing work with the ARM.
+
+ * David Edelsohn for his direction via the steering committee,
+ ongoing work with the RS6000/PowerPC port, help cleaning up Haifa
+ loop changes, doing the entire AIX port of libstdc++ with his bare
+ hands, and for ensuring GCC properly keeps working on AIX.
+
+ * Kevin Ediger for the floating point formatting of num_put::do_put
+ in libstdc++.
+
+ * Phil Edwards for libstdc++ work including configuration hackery,
+ documentation maintainer, chief breaker of the web pages, the
+ occasional iostream bug fix, and work on shared library symbol
+ versioning.
+
+ * Paul Eggert for random hacking all over GCC.
+
+ * Mark Elbrecht for various DJGPP improvements, and for libstdc++
+ configuration support for locales and fstream-related fixes.
+
+ * Vadim Egorov for libstdc++ fixes in strings, streambufs, and
+ iostreams.
+
+ * Christian Ehrhardt for dealing with bug reports.
+
+ * Ben Elliston for his work to move the Objective-C runtime into its
+ own subdirectory and for his work on autoconf.
+
+ * Revital Eres for work on the PowerPC 750CL port.
+
+ * Marc Espie for OpenBSD support.
+
+ * Doug Evans for much of the global optimization framework, arc,
+ m32r, and SPARC work.
+
+ * Christopher Faylor for his work on the Cygwin port and for caring
+ and feeding the gcc.gnu.org box and saving its users tons of spam.
+
+ * Fred Fish for BeOS support and Ada fixes.
+
+ * Ivan Fontes Garcia for the Portuguese translation of the GCJ FAQ.
+
+ * Peter Gerwinski for various bug fixes and the Pascal front end.
+
+ * Kaveh R. Ghazi for his direction via the steering committee,
+ amazing work to make `-W -Wall -W* -Werror' useful, and
+ continuously testing GCC on a plethora of platforms. Kaveh
+ extends his gratitude to the CAIP Center at Rutgers University for
+ providing him with computing resources to work on Free Software
+ since the late 1980s.
+
+ * John Gilmore for a donation to the FSF earmarked improving GNU
+ Java.
+
+ * Judy Goldberg for c++ contributions.
+
+ * Torbjorn Granlund for various fixes and the c-torture testsuite,
+ multiply- and divide-by-constant optimization, improved long long
+ support, improved leaf function register allocation, and his
+ direction via the steering committee.
+
+ * Anthony Green for his `-Os' contributions and Java front end work.
+
+ * Stu Grossman for gdb hacking, allowing GCJ developers to debug
+ Java code.
+
+ * Michael K. Gschwind contributed the port to the PDP-11.
+
+ * Ron Guilmette implemented the `protoize' and `unprotoize' tools,
+ the support for Dwarf symbolic debugging information, and much of
+ the support for System V Release 4. He has also worked heavily on
+ the Intel 386 and 860 support.
+
+ * Mostafa Hagog for Swing Modulo Scheduling (SMS) and post reload
+ GCSE.
+
+ * Bruno Haible for improvements in the runtime overhead for EH, new
+ warnings and assorted bug fixes.
+
+ * Andrew Haley for his amazing Java compiler and library efforts.
+
+ * Chris Hanson assisted in making GCC work on HP-UX for the 9000
+ series 300.
+
+ * Michael Hayes for various thankless work he's done trying to get
+ the c30/c40 ports functional. Lots of loop and unroll
+ improvements and fixes.
+
+ * Dara Hazeghi for wading through myriads of target-specific bug
+ reports.
+
+ * Kate Hedstrom for staking the G77 folks with an initial testsuite.
+
+ * Richard Henderson for his ongoing SPARC, alpha, ia32, and ia64
+ work, loop opts, and generally fixing lots of old problems we've
+ ignored for years, flow rewrite and lots of further stuff,
+ including reviewing tons of patches.
+
+ * Aldy Hernandez for working on the PowerPC port, SIMD support, and
+ various fixes.
+
+ * Nobuyuki Hikichi of Software Research Associates, Tokyo,
+ contributed the support for the Sony NEWS machine.
+
+ * Kazu Hirata for caring and feeding the Renesas H8/300 port and
+ various fixes.
+
+ * Katherine Holcomb for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Manfred Hollstein for his ongoing work to keep the m88k alive, lots
+ of testing and bug fixing, particularly of GCC configury code.
+
+ * Steve Holmgren for MachTen patches.
+
+ * Jan Hubicka for his x86 port improvements.
+
+ * Falk Hueffner for working on C and optimization bug reports.
+
+ * Bernardo Innocenti for his m68k work, including merging of
+ ColdFire improvements and uClinux support.
+
+ * Christian Iseli for various bug fixes.
+
+ * Kamil Iskra for general m68k hacking.
+
+ * Lee Iverson for random fixes and MIPS testing.
+
+ * Andreas Jaeger for testing and benchmarking of GCC and various bug
+ fixes.
+
+ * Jakub Jelinek for his SPARC work and sibling call optimizations as
+ well as lots of bug fixes and test cases, and for improving the
+ Java build system.
+
+ * Janis Johnson for ia64 testing and fixes, her quality improvement
+ sidetracks, and web page maintenance.
+
+ * Kean Johnston for SCO OpenServer support and various fixes.
+
+ * Tim Josling for the sample language treelang based originally on
+ Richard Kenner's "toy" language.
+
+ * Nicolai Josuttis for additional libstdc++ documentation.
+
+ * Klaus Kaempf for his ongoing work to make alpha-vms a viable
+ target.
+
+ * Steven G. Kargl for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * David Kashtan of SRI adapted GCC to VMS.
+
+ * Ryszard Kabatek for many, many libstdc++ bug fixes and
+ optimizations of strings, especially member functions, and for
+ auto_ptr fixes.
+
+ * Geoffrey Keating for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for
+ GNU/Linux and his automatic regression tester.
+
+ * Brendan Kehoe for his ongoing work with G++ and for a lot of early
+ work in just about every part of libstdc++.
+
+ * Oliver M. Kellogg of Deutsche Aerospace contributed the port to the
+ MIL-STD-1750A.
+
+ * Richard Kenner of the New York University Ultracomputer Research
+ Laboratory wrote the machine descriptions for the AMD 29000, the
+ DEC Alpha, the IBM RT PC, and the IBM RS/6000 as well as the
+ support for instruction attributes. He also made changes to
+ better support RISC processors including changes to common
+ subexpression elimination, strength reduction, function calling
+ sequence handling, and condition code support, in addition to
+ generalizing the code for frame pointer elimination and delay slot
+ scheduling. Richard Kenner was also the head maintainer of GCC
+ for several years.
+
+ * Mumit Khan for various contributions to the Cygwin and Mingw32
+ ports and maintaining binary releases for Microsoft Windows hosts,
+ and for massive libstdc++ porting work to Cygwin/Mingw32.
+
+ * Robin Kirkham for cpu32 support.
+
+ * Mark Klein for PA improvements.
+
+ * Thomas Koenig for various bug fixes.
+
+ * Bruce Korb for the new and improved fixincludes code.
+
+ * Benjamin Kosnik for his G++ work and for leading the libstdc++-v3
+ effort.
+
+ * Charles LaBrec contributed the support for the Integrated Solutions
+ 68020 system.
+
+ * Asher Langton and Mike Kumbera for contributing Cray pointer
+ support to GNU Fortran, and for other GNU Fortran improvements.
+
+ * Jeff Law for his direction via the steering committee,
+ coordinating the entire egcs project and GCC 2.95, rolling out
+ snapshots and releases, handling merges from GCC2, reviewing tons
+ of patches that might have fallen through the cracks else, and
+ random but extensive hacking.
+
+ * Marc Lehmann for his direction via the steering committee and
+ helping with analysis and improvements of x86 performance.
+
+ * Victor Leikehman for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Ted Lemon wrote parts of the RTL reader and printer.
+
+ * Kriang Lerdsuwanakij for C++ improvements including template as
+ template parameter support, and many C++ fixes.
+
+ * Warren Levy for tremendous work on libgcj (Java Runtime Library)
+ and random work on the Java front end.
+
+ * Alain Lichnewsky ported GCC to the MIPS CPU.
+
+ * Oskar Liljeblad for hacking on AWT and his many Java bug reports
+ and patches.
+
+ * Robert Lipe for OpenServer support, new testsuites, testing, etc.
+
+ * Chen Liqin for various S+core related fixes/improvement, and for
+ maintaining the S+core port.
+
+ * Weiwen Liu for testing and various bug fixes.
+
+ * Manuel Lo'pez-Iba'n~ez for improving `-Wconversion' and many other
+ diagnostics fixes and improvements.
+
+ * Dave Love for his ongoing work with the Fortran front end and
+ runtime libraries.
+
+ * Martin von Lo"wis for internal consistency checking infrastructure,
+ various C++ improvements including namespace support, and tons of
+ assistance with libstdc++/compiler merges.
+
+ * H.J. Lu for his previous contributions to the steering committee,
+ many x86 bug reports, prototype patches, and keeping the GNU/Linux
+ ports working.
+
+ * Greg McGary for random fixes and (someday) bounded pointers.
+
+ * Andrew MacLeod for his ongoing work in building a real EH system,
+ various code generation improvements, work on the global
+ optimizer, etc.
+
+ * Vladimir Makarov for hacking some ugly i960 problems, PowerPC
+ hacking improvements to compile-time performance, overall
+ knowledge and direction in the area of instruction scheduling, and
+ design and implementation of the automaton based instruction
+ scheduler.
+
+ * Bob Manson for his behind the scenes work on dejagnu.
+
+ * Philip Martin for lots of libstdc++ string and vector iterator
+ fixes and improvements, and string clean up and testsuites.
+
+ * All of the Mauve project contributors, for Java test code.
+
+ * Bryce McKinlay for numerous GCJ and libgcj fixes and improvements.
+
+ * Adam Megacz for his work on the Microsoft Windows port of GCJ.
+
+ * Michael Meissner for LRS framework, ia32, m32r, v850, m88k, MIPS,
+ powerpc, haifa, ECOFF debug support, and other assorted hacking.
+
+ * Jason Merrill for his direction via the steering committee and
+ leading the G++ effort.
+
+ * Martin Michlmayr for testing GCC on several architectures using the
+ entire Debian archive.
+
+ * David Miller for his direction via the steering committee, lots of
+ SPARC work, improvements in jump.c and interfacing with the Linux
+ kernel developers.
+
+ * Gary Miller ported GCC to Charles River Data Systems machines.
+
+ * Alfred Minarik for libstdc++ string and ios bug fixes, and turning
+ the entire libstdc++ testsuite namespace-compatible.
+
+ * Mark Mitchell for his direction via the steering committee,
+ mountains of C++ work, load/store hoisting out of loops, alias
+ analysis improvements, ISO C `restrict' support, and serving as
+ release manager for GCC 3.x.
+
+ * Alan Modra for various GNU/Linux bits and testing.
+
+ * Toon Moene for his direction via the steering committee, Fortran
+ maintenance, and his ongoing work to make us make Fortran run fast.
+
+ * Jason Molenda for major help in the care and feeding of all the
+ services on the gcc.gnu.org (formerly egcs.cygnus.com)
+ machine--mail, web services, ftp services, etc etc. Doing all
+ this work on scrap paper and the backs of envelopes would have
+ been... difficult.
+
+ * Catherine Moore for fixing various ugly problems we have sent her
+ way, including the haifa bug which was killing the Alpha & PowerPC
+ Linux kernels.
+
+ * Mike Moreton for his various Java patches.
+
+ * David Mosberger-Tang for various Alpha improvements, and for the
+ initial IA-64 port.
+
+ * Stephen Moshier contributed the floating point emulator that
+ assists in cross-compilation and permits support for floating
+ point numbers wider than 64 bits and for ISO C99 support.
+
+ * Bill Moyer for his behind the scenes work on various issues.
+
+ * Philippe De Muyter for his work on the m68k port.
+
+ * Joseph S. Myers for his work on the PDP-11 port, format checking
+ and ISO C99 support, and continuous emphasis on (and contributions
+ to) documentation.
+
+ * Nathan Myers for his work on libstdc++-v3: architecture and
+ authorship through the first three snapshots, including
+ implementation of locale infrastructure, string, shadow C headers,
+ and the initial project documentation (DESIGN, CHECKLIST, and so
+ forth). Later, more work on MT-safe string and shadow headers.
+
+ * Felix Natter for documentation on porting libstdc++.
+
+ * Nathanael Nerode for cleaning up the configuration/build process.
+
+ * NeXT, Inc. donated the front end that supports the Objective-C
+ language.
+
+ * Hans-Peter Nilsson for the CRIS and MMIX ports, improvements to
+ the search engine setup, various documentation fixes and other
+ small fixes.
+
+ * Geoff Noer for his work on getting cygwin native builds working.
+
+ * Diego Novillo for his work on Tree SSA, OpenMP, SPEC performance
+ tracking web pages, GIMPLE tuples, and assorted fixes.
+
+ * David O'Brien for the FreeBSD/alpha, FreeBSD/AMD x86-64,
+ FreeBSD/ARM, FreeBSD/PowerPC, and FreeBSD/SPARC64 ports and
+ related infrastructure improvements.
+
+ * Alexandre Oliva for various build infrastructure improvements,
+ scripts and amazing testing work, including keeping libtool issues
+ sane and happy.
+
+ * Stefan Olsson for work on mt_alloc.
+
+ * Melissa O'Neill for various NeXT fixes.
+
+ * Rainer Orth for random MIPS work, including improvements to GCC's
+ o32 ABI support, improvements to dejagnu's MIPS support, Java
+ configuration clean-ups and porting work, etc.
+
+ * Hartmut Penner for work on the s390 port.
+
+ * Paul Petersen wrote the machine description for the Alliant FX/8.
+
+ * Alexandre Petit-Bianco for implementing much of the Java compiler
+ and continued Java maintainership.
+
+ * Matthias Pfaller for major improvements to the NS32k port.
+
+ * Gerald Pfeifer for his direction via the steering committee,
+ pointing out lots of problems we need to solve, maintenance of the
+ web pages, and taking care of documentation maintenance in general.
+
+ * Andrew Pinski for processing bug reports by the dozen.
+
+ * Ovidiu Predescu for his work on the Objective-C front end and
+ runtime libraries.
+
+ * Jerry Quinn for major performance improvements in C++ formatted
+ I/O.
+
+ * Ken Raeburn for various improvements to checker, MIPS ports and
+ various cleanups in the compiler.
+
+ * Rolf W. Rasmussen for hacking on AWT.
+
+ * David Reese of Sun Microsystems contributed to the Solaris on
+ PowerPC port.
+
+ * Volker Reichelt for keeping up with the problem reports.
+
+ * Joern Rennecke for maintaining the sh port, loop, regmove & reload
+ hacking.
+
+ * Loren J. Rittle for improvements to libstdc++-v3 including the
+ FreeBSD port, threading fixes, thread-related configury changes,
+ critical threading documentation, and solutions to really tricky
+ I/O problems, as well as keeping GCC properly working on FreeBSD
+ and continuous testing.
+
+ * Craig Rodrigues for processing tons of bug reports.
+
+ * Ola Ro"nnerup for work on mt_alloc.
+
+ * Gavin Romig-Koch for lots of behind the scenes MIPS work.
+
+ * David Ronis inspired and encouraged Craig to rewrite the G77
+ documentation in texinfo format by contributing a first pass at a
+ translation of the old `g77-0.5.16/f/DOC' file.
+
+ * Ken Rose for fixes to GCC's delay slot filling code.
+
+ * Paul Rubin wrote most of the preprocessor.
+
+ * Pe'tur Runo'lfsson for major performance improvements in C++
+ formatted I/O and large file support in C++ filebuf.
+
+ * Chip Salzenberg for libstdc++ patches and improvements to locales,
+ traits, Makefiles, libio, libtool hackery, and "long long" support.
+
+ * Juha Sarlin for improvements to the H8 code generator.
+
+ * Greg Satz assisted in making GCC work on HP-UX for the 9000 series
+ 300.
+
+ * Roger Sayle for improvements to constant folding and GCC's RTL
+ optimizers as well as for fixing numerous bugs.
+
+ * Bradley Schatz for his work on the GCJ FAQ.
+
+ * Peter Schauer wrote the code to allow debugging to work on the
+ Alpha.
+
+ * William Schelter did most of the work on the Intel 80386 support.
+
+ * Tobias Schlu"ter for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Bernd Schmidt for various code generation improvements and major
+ work in the reload pass as well a serving as release manager for
+ GCC 2.95.3.
+
+ * Peter Schmid for constant testing of libstdc++--especially
+ application testing, going above and beyond what was requested for
+ the release criteria--and libstdc++ header file tweaks.
+
+ * Jason Schroeder for jcf-dump patches.
+
+ * Andreas Schwab for his work on the m68k port.
+
+ * Lars Segerlund for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Joel Sherrill for his direction via the steering committee, RTEMS
+ contributions and RTEMS testing.
+
+ * Nathan Sidwell for many C++ fixes/improvements.
+
+ * Jeffrey Siegal for helping RMS with the original design of GCC,
+ some code which handles the parse tree and RTL data structures,
+ constant folding and help with the original VAX & m68k ports.
+
+ * Kenny Simpson for prompting libstdc++ fixes due to defect reports
+ from the LWG (thereby keeping GCC in line with updates from the
+ ISO).
+
+ * Franz Sirl for his ongoing work with making the PPC port stable
+ for GNU/Linux.
+
+ * Andrey Slepuhin for assorted AIX hacking.
+
+ * Trevor Smigiel for contributing the SPU port.
+
+ * Christopher Smith did the port for Convex machines.
+
+ * Danny Smith for his major efforts on the Mingw (and Cygwin) ports.
+
+ * Randy Smith finished the Sun FPA support.
+
+ * Scott Snyder for queue, iterator, istream, and string fixes and
+ libstdc++ testsuite entries. Also for providing the patch to G77
+ to add rudimentary support for `INTEGER*1', `INTEGER*2', and
+ `LOGICAL*1'.
+
+ * Brad Spencer for contributions to the GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW technique.
+
+ * Richard Stallman, for writing the original GCC and launching the
+ GNU project.
+
+ * Jan Stein of the Chalmers Computer Society provided support for
+ Genix, as well as part of the 32000 machine description.
+
+ * Nigel Stephens for various mips16 related fixes/improvements.
+
+ * Jonathan Stone wrote the machine description for the Pyramid
+ computer.
+
+ * Graham Stott for various infrastructure improvements.
+
+ * John Stracke for his Java HTTP protocol fixes.
+
+ * Mike Stump for his Elxsi port, G++ contributions over the years
+ and more recently his vxworks contributions
+
+ * Jeff Sturm for Java porting help, bug fixes, and encouragement.
+
+ * Shigeya Suzuki for this fixes for the bsdi platforms.
+
+ * Ian Lance Taylor for his mips16 work, general configury hacking,
+ fixincludes, etc.
+
+ * Holger Teutsch provided the support for the Clipper CPU.
+
+ * Gary Thomas for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for
+ GNU/Linux.
+
+ * Philipp Thomas for random bug fixes throughout the compiler
+
+ * Jason Thorpe for thread support in libstdc++ on NetBSD.
+
+ * Kresten Krab Thorup wrote the run time support for the Objective-C
+ language and the fantastic Java bytecode interpreter.
+
+ * Michael Tiemann for random bug fixes, the first instruction
+ scheduler, initial C++ support, function integration, NS32k, SPARC
+ and M88k machine description work, delay slot scheduling.
+
+ * Andreas Tobler for his work porting libgcj to Darwin.
+
+ * Teemu Torma for thread safe exception handling support.
+
+ * Leonard Tower wrote parts of the parser, RTL generator, and RTL
+ definitions, and of the VAX machine description.
+
+ * Daniel Towner and Hariharan Sandanagobalane contributed and
+ maintain the picoChip port.
+
+ * Tom Tromey for internationalization support and for his many Java
+ contributions and libgcj maintainership.
+
+ * Lassi Tuura for improvements to config.guess to determine HP
+ processor types.
+
+ * Petter Urkedal for libstdc++ CXXFLAGS, math, and algorithms fixes.
+
+ * Andy Vaught for the design and initial implementation of the GNU
+ Fortran front end.
+
+ * Brent Verner for work with the libstdc++ cshadow files and their
+ associated configure steps.
+
+ * Todd Vierling for contributions for NetBSD ports.
+
+ * Jonathan Wakely for contributing libstdc++ Doxygen notes and XHTML
+ guidance.
+
+ * Dean Wakerley for converting the install documentation from HTML
+ to texinfo in time for GCC 3.0.
+
+ * Krister Walfridsson for random bug fixes.
+
+ * Feng Wang for contributions to GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Stephen M. Webb for time and effort on making libstdc++ shadow
+ files work with the tricky Solaris 8+ headers, and for pushing the
+ build-time header tree.
+
+ * John Wehle for various improvements for the x86 code generator,
+ related infrastructure improvements to help x86 code generation,
+ value range propagation and other work, WE32k port.
+
+ * Ulrich Weigand for work on the s390 port.
+
+ * Zack Weinberg for major work on cpplib and various other bug fixes.
+
+ * Matt Welsh for help with Linux Threads support in GCJ.
+
+ * Urban Widmark for help fixing java.io.
+
+ * Mark Wielaard for new Java library code and his work integrating
+ with Classpath.
+
+ * Dale Wiles helped port GCC to the Tahoe.
+
+ * Bob Wilson from Tensilica, Inc. for the Xtensa port.
+
+ * Jim Wilson for his direction via the steering committee, tackling
+ hard problems in various places that nobody else wanted to work
+ on, strength reduction and other loop optimizations.
+
+ * Paul Woegerer and Tal Agmon for the CRX port.
+
+ * Carlo Wood for various fixes.
+
+ * Tom Wood for work on the m88k port.
+
+ * Canqun Yang for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Masanobu Yuhara of Fujitsu Laboratories implemented the machine
+ description for the Tron architecture (specifically, the Gmicro).
+
+ * Kevin Zachmann helped port GCC to the Tahoe.
+
+ * Ayal Zaks for Swing Modulo Scheduling (SMS).
+
+ * Xiaoqiang Zhang for work on GNU Fortran.
+
+ * Gilles Zunino for help porting Java to Irix.
+
+
+ The following people are recognized for their contributions to GNAT,
+the Ada front end of GCC:
+ * Bernard Banner
+
+ * Romain Berrendonner
+
+ * Geert Bosch
+
+ * Emmanuel Briot
+
+ * Joel Brobecker
+
+ * Ben Brosgol
+
+ * Vincent Celier
+
+ * Arnaud Charlet
+
+ * Chien Chieng
+
+ * Cyrille Comar
+
+ * Cyrille Crozes
+
+ * Robert Dewar
+
+ * Gary Dismukes
+
+ * Robert Duff
+
+ * Ed Falis
+
+ * Ramon Fernandez
+
+ * Sam Figueroa
+
+ * Vasiliy Fofanov
+
+ * Michael Friess
+
+ * Franco Gasperoni
+
+ * Ted Giering
+
+ * Matthew Gingell
+
+ * Laurent Guerby
+
+ * Jerome Guitton
+
+ * Olivier Hainque
+
+ * Jerome Hugues
+
+ * Hristian Kirtchev
+
+ * Jerome Lambourg
+
+ * Bruno Leclerc
+
+ * Albert Lee
+
+ * Sean McNeil
+
+ * Javier Miranda
+
+ * Laurent Nana
+
+ * Pascal Obry
+
+ * Dong-Ik Oh
+
+ * Laurent Pautet
+
+ * Brett Porter
+
+ * Thomas Quinot
+
+ * Nicolas Roche
+
+ * Pat Rogers
+
+ * Jose Ruiz
+
+ * Douglas Rupp
+
+ * Sergey Rybin
+
+ * Gail Schenker
+
+ * Ed Schonberg
+
+ * Nicolas Setton
+
+ * Samuel Tardieu
+
+
+ The following people are recognized for their contributions of new
+features, bug reports, testing and integration of classpath/libgcj for
+GCC version 4.1:
+ * Lillian Angel for `JTree' implementation and lots Free Swing
+ additions and bug fixes.
+
+ * Wolfgang Baer for `GapContent' bug fixes.
+
+ * Anthony Balkissoon for `JList', Free Swing 1.5 updates and mouse
+ event fixes, lots of Free Swing work including `JTable' editing.
+
+ * Stuart Ballard for RMI constant fixes.
+
+ * Goffredo Baroncelli for `HTTPURLConnection' fixes.
+
+ * Gary Benson for `MessageFormat' fixes.
+
+ * Daniel Bonniot for `Serialization' fixes.
+
+ * Chris Burdess for lots of gnu.xml and http protocol fixes, `StAX'
+ and `DOM xml:id' support.
+
+ * Ka-Hing Cheung for `TreePath' and `TreeSelection' fixes.
+
+ * Archie Cobbs for build fixes, VM interface updates,
+ `URLClassLoader' updates.
+
+ * Kelley Cook for build fixes.
+
+ * Martin Cordova for Suggestions for better `SocketTimeoutException'.
+
+ * David Daney for `BitSet' bug fixes, `HttpURLConnection' rewrite
+ and improvements.
+
+ * Thomas Fitzsimmons for lots of upgrades to the gtk+ AWT and Cairo
+ 2D support. Lots of imageio framework additions, lots of AWT and
+ Free Swing bug fixes.
+
+ * Jeroen Frijters for `ClassLoader' and nio cleanups, serialization
+ fixes, better `Proxy' support, bug fixes and IKVM integration.
+
+ * Santiago Gala for `AccessControlContext' fixes.
+
+ * Nicolas Geoffray for `VMClassLoader' and `AccessController'
+ improvements.
+
+ * David Gilbert for `basic' and `metal' icon and plaf support and
+ lots of documenting, Lots of Free Swing and metal theme additions.
+ `MetalIconFactory' implementation.
+
+ * Anthony Green for `MIDI' framework, `ALSA' and `DSSI' providers.
+
+ * Andrew Haley for `Serialization' and `URLClassLoader' fixes, gcj
+ build speedups.
+
+ * Kim Ho for `JFileChooser' implementation.
+
+ * Andrew John Hughes for `Locale' and net fixes, URI RFC2986
+ updates, `Serialization' fixes, `Properties' XML support and
+ generic branch work, VMIntegration guide update.
+
+ * Bastiaan Huisman for `TimeZone' bug fixing.
+
+ * Andreas Jaeger for mprec updates.
+
+ * Paul Jenner for better `-Werror' support.
+
+ * Ito Kazumitsu for `NetworkInterface' implementation and updates.
+
+ * Roman Kennke for `BoxLayout', `GrayFilter' and `SplitPane', plus
+ bug fixes all over. Lots of Free Swing work including styled text.
+
+ * Simon Kitching for `String' cleanups and optimization suggestions.
+
+ * Michael Koch for configuration fixes, `Locale' updates, bug and
+ build fixes.
+
+ * Guilhem Lavaux for configuration, thread and channel fixes and
+ Kaffe integration. JCL native `Pointer' updates. Logger bug fixes.
+
+ * David Lichteblau for JCL support library global/local reference
+ cleanups.
+
+ * Aaron Luchko for JDWP updates and documentation fixes.
+
+ * Ziga Mahkovec for `Graphics2D' upgraded to Cairo 0.5 and new regex
+ features.
+
+ * Sven de Marothy for BMP imageio support, CSS and `TextLayout'
+ fixes. `GtkImage' rewrite, 2D, awt, free swing and date/time fixes
+ and implementing the Qt4 peers.
+
+ * Casey Marshall for crypto algorithm fixes, `FileChannel' lock,
+ `SystemLogger' and `FileHandler' rotate implementations, NIO
+ `FileChannel.map' support, security and policy updates.
+
+ * Bryce McKinlay for RMI work.
+
+ * Audrius Meskauskas for lots of Free Corba, RMI and HTML work plus
+ testing and documenting.
+
+ * Kalle Olavi Niemitalo for build fixes.
+
+ * Rainer Orth for build fixes.
+
+ * Andrew Overholt for `File' locking fixes.
+
+ * Ingo Proetel for `Image', `Logger' and `URLClassLoader' updates.
+
+ * Olga Rodimina for `MenuSelectionManager' implementation.
+
+ * Jan Roehrich for `BasicTreeUI' and `JTree' fixes.
+
+ * Julian Scheid for documentation updates and gjdoc support.
+
+ * Christian Schlichtherle for zip fixes and cleanups.
+
+ * Robert Schuster for documentation updates and beans fixes,
+ `TreeNode' enumerations and `ActionCommand' and various fixes, XML
+ and URL, AWT and Free Swing bug fixes.
+
+ * Keith Seitz for lots of JDWP work.
+
+ * Christian Thalinger for 64-bit cleanups, Configuration and VM
+ interface fixes and `CACAO' integration, `fdlibm' updates.
+
+ * Gael Thomas for `VMClassLoader' boot packages support suggestions.
+
+ * Andreas Tobler for Darwin and Solaris testing and fixing, `Qt4'
+ support for Darwin/OS X, `Graphics2D' support, `gtk+' updates.
+
+ * Dalibor Topic for better `DEBUG' support, build cleanups and Kaffe
+ integration. `Qt4' build infrastructure, `SHA1PRNG' and
+ `GdkPixbugDecoder' updates.
+
+ * Tom Tromey for Eclipse integration, generics work, lots of bug
+ fixes and gcj integration including coordinating The Big Merge.
+
+ * Mark Wielaard for bug fixes, packaging and release management,
+ `Clipboard' implementation, system call interrupts and network
+ timeouts and `GdkPixpufDecoder' fixes.
+
+
+ In addition to the above, all of which also contributed time and
+energy in testing GCC, we would like to thank the following for their
+contributions to testing:
+
+ * Michael Abd-El-Malek
+
+ * Thomas Arend
+
+ * Bonzo Armstrong
+
+ * Steven Ashe
+
+ * Chris Baldwin
+
+ * David Billinghurst
+
+ * Jim Blandy
+
+ * Stephane Bortzmeyer
+
+ * Horst von Brand
+
+ * Frank Braun
+
+ * Rodney Brown
+
+ * Sidney Cadot
+
+ * Bradford Castalia
+
+ * Robert Clark
+
+ * Jonathan Corbet
+
+ * Ralph Doncaster
+
+ * Richard Emberson
+
+ * Levente Farkas
+
+ * Graham Fawcett
+
+ * Mark Fernyhough
+
+ * Robert A. French
+
+ * Jo"rgen Freyh
+
+ * Mark K. Gardner
+
+ * Charles-Antoine Gauthier
+
+ * Yung Shing Gene
+
+ * David Gilbert
+
+ * Simon Gornall
+
+ * Fred Gray
+
+ * John Griffin
+
+ * Patrik Hagglund
+
+ * Phil Hargett
+
+ * Amancio Hasty
+
+ * Takafumi Hayashi
+
+ * Bryan W. Headley
+
+ * Kevin B. Hendricks
+
+ * Joep Jansen
+
+ * Christian Joensson
+
+ * Michel Kern
+
+ * David Kidd
+
+ * Tobias Kuipers
+
+ * Anand Krishnaswamy
+
+ * A. O. V. Le Blanc
+
+ * llewelly
+
+ * Damon Love
+
+ * Brad Lucier
+
+ * Matthias Klose
+
+ * Martin Knoblauch
+
+ * Rick Lutowski
+
+ * Jesse Macnish
+
+ * Stefan Morrell
+
+ * Anon A. Mous
+
+ * Matthias Mueller
+
+ * Pekka Nikander
+
+ * Rick Niles
+
+ * Jon Olson
+
+ * Magnus Persson
+
+ * Chris Pollard
+
+ * Richard Polton
+
+ * Derk Reefman
+
+ * David Rees
+
+ * Paul Reilly
+
+ * Tom Reilly
+
+ * Torsten Rueger
+
+ * Danny Sadinoff
+
+ * Marc Schifer
+
+ * Erik Schnetter
+
+ * Wayne K. Schroll
+
+ * David Schuler
+
+ * Vin Shelton
+
+ * Tim Souder
+
+ * Adam Sulmicki
+
+ * Bill Thorson
+
+ * George Talbot
+
+ * Pedro A. M. Vazquez
+
+ * Gregory Warnes
+
+ * Ian Watson
+
+ * David E. Young
+
+ * And many others
+
+ And finally we'd like to thank everyone who uses the compiler, provides
+feedback and generally reminds us why we're doing this work in the first
+place.
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Option Index, Next: Keyword Index, Prev: Contributors, Up: Top
+
+Option Index
+************
+
+GCC's command line options are indexed here without any initial `-' or
+`--'. Where an option has both positive and negative forms (such as
+`-fOPTION' and `-fno-OPTION'), relevant entries in the manual are
+indexed under the most appropriate form; it may sometimes be useful to
+look up both forms.
+
+\0\b[index\0\b]
+* Menu:
+
+* ###: Overall Options. (line 204)
+* -fdump-statistics: Debugging Options. (line 611)
+* A: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 539)
+* all_load: Darwin Options. (line 112)
+* allowable_client: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* ansi <1>: Non-bugs. (line 107)
+* ansi <2>: Other Builtins. (line 22)
+* ansi <3>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 326)
+* ansi <4>: C Dialect Options. (line 11)
+* ansi: Standards. (line 16)
+* arch_errors_fatal: Darwin Options. (line 116)
+* aux-info: C Dialect Options. (line 140)
+* b: Target Options. (line 13)
+* B: Directory Options. (line 41)
+* bcopy-builtin: PDP-11 Options. (line 32)
+* Bdynamic: VxWorks Options. (line 22)
+* bind_at_load: Darwin Options. (line 120)
+* Bstatic: VxWorks Options. (line 22)
+* bundle: Darwin Options. (line 125)
+* bundle_loader: Darwin Options. (line 129)
+* c: Link Options. (line 20)
+* C: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 597)
+* c: Overall Options. (line 159)
+* client_name: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* combine: Overall Options. (line 215)
+* compatibility_version: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* coverage: Debugging Options. (line 264)
+* current_version: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* D: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 34)
+* d: Debugging Options. (line 328)
+* dA: Debugging Options. (line 530)
+* dD <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 571)
+* dD: Debugging Options. (line 534)
+* dead_strip: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* dependency-file: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* dH: Debugging Options. (line 538)
+* dI: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 580)
+* dM: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 555)
+* dm: Debugging Options. (line 541)
+* dN: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 577)
+* dP: Debugging Options. (line 550)
+* dp: Debugging Options. (line 545)
+* dU: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 584)
+* dumpmachine: Debugging Options. (line 938)
+* dumpspecs: Debugging Options. (line 946)
+* dumpversion: Debugging Options. (line 942)
+* dv: Debugging Options. (line 554)
+* dx: Debugging Options. (line 559)
+* dy: Debugging Options. (line 563)
+* dylib_file: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* dylinker_install_name: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* dynamic: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* dynamiclib: Darwin Options. (line 133)
+* E <1>: Link Options. (line 20)
+* E: Overall Options. (line 180)
+* EB <1>: MIPS Options. (line 7)
+* EB: ARC Options. (line 12)
+* EL <1>: MIPS Options. (line 10)
+* EL: ARC Options. (line 9)
+* exported_symbols_list: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* F: Darwin Options. (line 32)
+* fabi-version: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 20)
+* falign-functions: Optimize Options. (line 1184)
+* falign-jumps: Optimize Options. (line 1234)
+* falign-labels: Optimize Options. (line 1202)
+* falign-loops: Optimize Options. (line 1220)
+* fargument-alias: Code Gen Options. (line 413)
+* fargument-noalias: Code Gen Options. (line 413)
+* fargument-noalias-anything: Code Gen Options. (line 413)
+* fargument-noalias-global: Code Gen Options. (line 413)
+* fassociative-math: Optimize Options. (line 1411)
+* fasynchronous-unwind-tables: Code Gen Options. (line 64)
+* fauto-inc-dec: Optimize Options. (line 455)
+* fbounds-check: Code Gen Options. (line 15)
+* fbranch-probabilities: Optimize Options. (line 1544)
+* fbranch-target-load-optimize: Optimize Options. (line 1652)
+* fbranch-target-load-optimize2: Optimize Options. (line 1658)
+* fbtr-bb-exclusive: Optimize Options. (line 1662)
+* fcall-saved: Code Gen Options. (line 262)
+* fcall-used: Code Gen Options. (line 248)
+* fcaller-saves: Optimize Options. (line 676)
+* fcheck-data-deps: Optimize Options. (line 897)
+* fcheck-new: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 34)
+* fcommon: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 105)
+* fcond-mismatch: C Dialect Options. (line 258)
+* fconserve-space: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 44)
+* fconserve-stack: Optimize Options. (line 689)
+* fconstant-string-class: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 30)
+* fcprop-registers: Optimize Options. (line 1292)
+* fcrossjumping: Optimize Options. (line 448)
+* fcse-follow-jumps: Optimize Options. (line 376)
+* fcse-skip-blocks: Optimize Options. (line 385)
+* fcx-fortran-rules: Optimize Options. (line 1530)
+* fcx-limited-range: Optimize Options. (line 1518)
+* fdata-sections: Optimize Options. (line 1633)
+* fdbg-cnt: Debugging Options. (line 317)
+* fdbg-cnt-list: Debugging Options. (line 314)
+* fdce: Optimize Options. (line 461)
+* fdebug-prefix-map: Debugging Options. (line 211)
+* fdelayed-branch: Optimize Options. (line 557)
+* fdelete-null-pointer-checks: Optimize Options. (line 484)
+* fdiagnostics-show-location: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 21)
+* fdiagnostics-show-option: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 36)
+* fdirectives-only: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 447)
+* fdollars-in-identifiers <1>: Interoperation. (line 146)
+* fdollars-in-identifiers: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 469)
+* fdse: Optimize Options. (line 465)
+* fdump-class-hierarchy: Debugging Options. (line 587)
+* fdump-ipa: Debugging Options. (line 594)
+* fdump-noaddr: Debugging Options. (line 566)
+* fdump-rtl-alignments: Debugging Options. (line 342)
+* fdump-rtl-all: Debugging Options. (line 527)
+* fdump-rtl-asmcons: Debugging Options. (line 345)
+* fdump-rtl-auto_inc_dec: Debugging Options. (line 349)
+* fdump-rtl-barriers: Debugging Options. (line 353)
+* fdump-rtl-bbpart: Debugging Options. (line 356)
+* fdump-rtl-bbro: Debugging Options. (line 359)
+* fdump-rtl-btl2: Debugging Options. (line 363)
+* fdump-rtl-bypass: Debugging Options. (line 367)
+* fdump-rtl-ce1: Debugging Options. (line 378)
+* fdump-rtl-ce2: Debugging Options. (line 378)
+* fdump-rtl-ce3: Debugging Options. (line 378)
+* fdump-rtl-combine: Debugging Options. (line 370)
+* fdump-rtl-compgotos: Debugging Options. (line 373)
+* fdump-rtl-cprop_hardreg: Debugging Options. (line 382)
+* fdump-rtl-csa: Debugging Options. (line 385)
+* fdump-rtl-cse1: Debugging Options. (line 389)
+* fdump-rtl-cse2: Debugging Options. (line 389)
+* fdump-rtl-dbr: Debugging Options. (line 396)
+* fdump-rtl-dce: Debugging Options. (line 393)
+* fdump-rtl-dce1: Debugging Options. (line 400)
+* fdump-rtl-dce2: Debugging Options. (line 400)
+* fdump-rtl-dfinish: Debugging Options. (line 524)
+* fdump-rtl-dfinit: Debugging Options. (line 524)
+* fdump-rtl-eh: Debugging Options. (line 404)
+* fdump-rtl-eh_ranges: Debugging Options. (line 407)
+* fdump-rtl-expand: Debugging Options. (line 410)
+* fdump-rtl-fwprop1: Debugging Options. (line 414)
+* fdump-rtl-fwprop2: Debugging Options. (line 414)
+* fdump-rtl-gcse1: Debugging Options. (line 419)
+* fdump-rtl-gcse2: Debugging Options. (line 419)
+* fdump-rtl-init-regs: Debugging Options. (line 423)
+* fdump-rtl-initvals: Debugging Options. (line 426)
+* fdump-rtl-into_cfglayout: Debugging Options. (line 429)
+* fdump-rtl-ira: Debugging Options. (line 432)
+* fdump-rtl-jump: Debugging Options. (line 435)
+* fdump-rtl-loop2: Debugging Options. (line 438)
+* fdump-rtl-mach: Debugging Options. (line 442)
+* fdump-rtl-mode_sw: Debugging Options. (line 446)
+* fdump-rtl-outof_cfglayout: Debugging Options. (line 452)
+* fdump-rtl-peephole2: Debugging Options. (line 455)
+* fdump-rtl-postreload: Debugging Options. (line 458)
+* fdump-rtl-pro_and_epilogue: Debugging Options. (line 461)
+* fdump-rtl-regclass: Debugging Options. (line 524)
+* fdump-rtl-regmove: Debugging Options. (line 464)
+* fdump-rtl-rnreg: Debugging Options. (line 449)
+* fdump-rtl-sched1: Debugging Options. (line 468)
+* fdump-rtl-sched2: Debugging Options. (line 468)
+* fdump-rtl-see: Debugging Options. (line 472)
+* fdump-rtl-seqabstr: Debugging Options. (line 475)
+* fdump-rtl-shorten: Debugging Options. (line 478)
+* fdump-rtl-sibling: Debugging Options. (line 481)
+* fdump-rtl-sms: Debugging Options. (line 494)
+* fdump-rtl-split1: Debugging Options. (line 488)
+* fdump-rtl-split2: Debugging Options. (line 488)
+* fdump-rtl-split3: Debugging Options. (line 488)
+* fdump-rtl-split4: Debugging Options. (line 488)
+* fdump-rtl-split5: Debugging Options. (line 488)
+* fdump-rtl-stack: Debugging Options. (line 498)
+* fdump-rtl-subreg1: Debugging Options. (line 504)
+* fdump-rtl-subreg2: Debugging Options. (line 504)
+* fdump-rtl-subregs_of_mode_finish: Debugging Options. (line 524)
+* fdump-rtl-subregs_of_mode_init: Debugging Options. (line 524)
+* fdump-rtl-unshare: Debugging Options. (line 508)
+* fdump-rtl-vartrack: Debugging Options. (line 511)
+* fdump-rtl-vregs: Debugging Options. (line 514)
+* fdump-rtl-web: Debugging Options. (line 517)
+* fdump-translation-unit: Debugging Options. (line 579)
+* fdump-tree: Debugging Options. (line 621)
+* fdump-tree-alias: Debugging Options. (line 705)
+* fdump-tree-all: Debugging Options. (line 790)
+* fdump-tree-ccp: Debugging Options. (line 709)
+* fdump-tree-cfg: Debugging Options. (line 685)
+* fdump-tree-ch: Debugging Options. (line 697)
+* fdump-tree-copyprop: Debugging Options. (line 725)
+* fdump-tree-copyrename: Debugging Options. (line 771)
+* fdump-tree-dce: Debugging Options. (line 733)
+* fdump-tree-dom: Debugging Options. (line 751)
+* fdump-tree-dse: Debugging Options. (line 756)
+* fdump-tree-forwprop: Debugging Options. (line 766)
+* fdump-tree-fre: Debugging Options. (line 721)
+* fdump-tree-gimple: Debugging Options. (line 680)
+* fdump-tree-mudflap: Debugging Options. (line 737)
+* fdump-tree-nrv: Debugging Options. (line 776)
+* fdump-tree-phiopt: Debugging Options. (line 761)
+* fdump-tree-pre: Debugging Options. (line 717)
+* fdump-tree-sink: Debugging Options. (line 747)
+* fdump-tree-sra: Debugging Options. (line 742)
+* fdump-tree-ssa: Debugging Options. (line 701)
+* fdump-tree-store_copyprop: Debugging Options. (line 729)
+* fdump-tree-storeccp: Debugging Options. (line 713)
+* fdump-tree-vcg: Debugging Options. (line 689)
+* fdump-tree-vect: Debugging Options. (line 781)
+* fdump-tree-vrp: Debugging Options. (line 786)
+* fdump-unnumbered: Debugging Options. (line 572)
+* fdwarf2-cfi-asm: Debugging Options. (line 215)
+* fearly-inlining: Optimize Options. (line 220)
+* feliminate-dwarf2-dups: Debugging Options. (line 128)
+* feliminate-unused-debug-symbols: Debugging Options. (line 52)
+* feliminate-unused-debug-types: Debugging Options. (line 950)
+* fexceptions: Code Gen Options. (line 34)
+* fexec-charset: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 496)
+* fexpensive-optimizations: Optimize Options. (line 497)
+* fextended-identifiers: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 472)
+* ffast-math: Optimize Options. (line 1362)
+* ffinite-math-only: Optimize Options. (line 1435)
+* ffix-and-continue: Darwin Options. (line 106)
+* ffixed: Code Gen Options. (line 236)
+* ffloat-store <1>: Disappointments. (line 77)
+* ffloat-store: Optimize Options. (line 1348)
+* ffor-scope: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 104)
+* fforward-propagate: Optimize Options. (line 149)
+* ffreestanding <1>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 412)
+* ffreestanding <2>: Warning Options. (line 194)
+* ffreestanding <3>: C Dialect Options. (line 211)
+* ffreestanding: Standards. (line 84)
+* ffriend-injection: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 74)
+* ffunction-sections: Optimize Options. (line 1633)
+* fgcse: Optimize Options. (line 399)
+* fgcse-after-reload: Optimize Options. (line 435)
+* fgcse-las: Optimize Options. (line 428)
+* fgcse-lm: Optimize Options. (line 410)
+* fgcse-sm: Optimize Options. (line 419)
+* fgnu-runtime: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 39)
+* fgnu89-inline: C Dialect Options. (line 120)
+* fhosted: C Dialect Options. (line 204)
+* fif-conversion: Optimize Options. (line 469)
+* fif-conversion2: Optimize Options. (line 478)
+* filelist: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* findirect-data: Darwin Options. (line 106)
+* findirect-inlining: Optimize Options. (line 193)
+* finhibit-size-directive: Code Gen Options. (line 158)
+* finline-functions: Optimize Options. (line 201)
+* finline-functions-called-once: Optimize Options. (line 212)
+* finline-limit: Optimize Options. (line 230)
+* finline-small-functions: Optimize Options. (line 185)
+* finput-charset: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 509)
+* finstrument-functions <1>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 712)
+* finstrument-functions: Code Gen Options. (line 292)
+* finstrument-functions-exclude-file-list: Code Gen Options. (line 329)
+* finstrument-functions-exclude-function-list: Code Gen Options.
+ (line 347)
+* fipa-cp: Optimize Options. (line 742)
+* fipa-cp-clone: Optimize Options. (line 750)
+* fipa-matrix-reorg: Optimize Options. (line 760)
+* fipa-pta: Optimize Options. (line 738)
+* fipa-pure-const: Optimize Options. (line 715)
+* fipa-reference: Optimize Options. (line 719)
+* fipa-struct-reorg: Optimize Options. (line 723)
+* fira-coalesce: Optimize Options. (line 536)
+* fira-verbose: Optimize Options. (line 552)
+* fivopts: Optimize Options. (line 933)
+* fkeep-inline-functions <1>: Inline. (line 51)
+* fkeep-inline-functions: Optimize Options. (line 256)
+* fkeep-static-consts: Optimize Options. (line 263)
+* flat_namespace: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* flax-vector-conversions: C Dialect Options. (line 263)
+* fleading-underscore: Code Gen Options. (line 430)
+* fmem-report: Debugging Options. (line 239)
+* fmerge-all-constants: Optimize Options. (line 282)
+* fmerge-constants: Optimize Options. (line 272)
+* fmerge-debug-strings: Debugging Options. (line 203)
+* fmessage-length: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 15)
+* fmodulo-sched: Optimize Options. (line 293)
+* fmodulo-sched-allow-regmoves: Optimize Options. (line 298)
+* fmove-loop-invariants: Optimize Options. (line 1623)
+* fms-extensions <1>: Unnamed Fields. (line 37)
+* fms-extensions <2>: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 139)
+* fms-extensions: C Dialect Options. (line 229)
+* fmudflap: Optimize Options. (line 338)
+* fmudflapir: Optimize Options. (line 338)
+* fmudflapth: Optimize Options. (line 338)
+* fnext-runtime: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 43)
+* fno-access-control: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 30)
+* fno-asm: C Dialect Options. (line 156)
+* fno-branch-count-reg: Optimize Options. (line 305)
+* fno-builtin <1>: Other Builtins. (line 14)
+* fno-builtin <2>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 412)
+* fno-builtin <3>: Warning Options. (line 194)
+* fno-builtin: C Dialect Options. (line 170)
+* fno-common <1>: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 105)
+* fno-common: Code Gen Options. (line 135)
+* fno-deduce-init-list: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 56)
+* fno-default-inline <1>: Inline. (line 71)
+* fno-default-inline <2>: Optimize Options. (line 134)
+* fno-default-inline: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 280)
+* fno-defer-pop: Optimize Options. (line 141)
+* fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm: Debugging Options. (line 215)
+* fno-elide-constructors: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 87)
+* fno-enforce-eh-specs: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 93)
+* fno-for-scope: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 104)
+* fno-function-cse: Optimize Options. (line 315)
+* fno-gnu-keywords: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 116)
+* fno-guess-branch-probability: Optimize Options. (line 1056)
+* fno-ident: Code Gen Options. (line 155)
+* fno-implement-inlines <1>: C++ Interface. (line 75)
+* fno-implement-inlines: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 133)
+* fno-implicit-inline-templates: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 127)
+* fno-implicit-templates <1>: Template Instantiation.
+ (line 87)
+* fno-implicit-templates: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 121)
+* fno-inline: Optimize Options. (line 179)
+* fno-ira-share-save-slots: Optimize Options. (line 540)
+* fno-ira-share-spill-slots: Optimize Options. (line 546)
+* fno-jump-tables: Code Gen Options. (line 228)
+* fno-math-errno: Optimize Options. (line 1376)
+* fno-merge-debug-strings: Debugging Options. (line 203)
+* fno-nil-receivers: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 49)
+* fno-nonansi-builtins: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 144)
+* fno-operator-names: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 149)
+* fno-optional-diags: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 153)
+* fno-peephole: Optimize Options. (line 1047)
+* fno-peephole2: Optimize Options. (line 1047)
+* fno-rtti: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 168)
+* fno-sched-interblock: Optimize Options. (line 583)
+* fno-sched-spec: Optimize Options. (line 588)
+* fno-show-column: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 534)
+* fno-signed-bitfields: C Dialect Options. (line 296)
+* fno-signed-zeros: Optimize Options. (line 1447)
+* fno-stack-limit: Code Gen Options. (line 396)
+* fno-threadsafe-statics: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 190)
+* fno-toplevel-reorder: Optimize Options. (line 1254)
+* fno-trapping-math: Optimize Options. (line 1457)
+* fno-unsigned-bitfields: C Dialect Options. (line 296)
+* fno-use-cxa-get-exception-ptr: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 203)
+* fno-weak: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 265)
+* fno-working-directory: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 519)
+* fno-zero-initialized-in-bss: Optimize Options. (line 326)
+* fnon-call-exceptions: Code Gen Options. (line 48)
+* fobjc-call-cxx-cdtors: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 56)
+* fobjc-direct-dispatch: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 81)
+* fobjc-exceptions: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 85)
+* fobjc-gc: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 170)
+* fomit-frame-pointer: Optimize Options. (line 158)
+* fopenmp: C Dialect Options. (line 221)
+* foptimize-register-move: Optimize Options. (line 504)
+* foptimize-sibling-calls: Optimize Options. (line 174)
+* force_cpusubtype_ALL: Darwin Options. (line 138)
+* force_flat_namespace: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* fpack-struct: Code Gen Options. (line 279)
+* fpcc-struct-return <1>: Incompatibilities. (line 170)
+* fpcc-struct-return: Code Gen Options. (line 70)
+* fpch-deps: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 282)
+* fpch-preprocess: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 290)
+* fpeel-loops: Optimize Options. (line 1615)
+* fpermissive: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 158)
+* fPIC: Code Gen Options. (line 205)
+* fpic: Code Gen Options. (line 184)
+* fPIE: Code Gen Options. (line 218)
+* fpie: Code Gen Options. (line 218)
+* fpost-ipa-mem-report: Debugging Options. (line 245)
+* fpre-ipa-mem-report: Debugging Options. (line 243)
+* fpredictive-commoning: Optimize Options. (line 1029)
+* fprefetch-loop-arrays: Optimize Options. (line 1036)
+* fpreprocessed: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 477)
+* fprofile-arcs <1>: Other Builtins. (line 242)
+* fprofile-arcs: Debugging Options. (line 249)
+* fprofile-correction: Optimize Options. (line 1299)
+* fprofile-dir: Optimize Options. (line 1306)
+* fprofile-generate: Optimize Options. (line 1316)
+* fprofile-use: Optimize Options. (line 1329)
+* fprofile-values: Optimize Options. (line 1563)
+* frandom-string: Debugging Options. (line 819)
+* freciprocal-math: Optimize Options. (line 1426)
+* frecord-gcc-switches: Code Gen Options. (line 174)
+* freg-struct-return: Code Gen Options. (line 88)
+* fregmove: Optimize Options. (line 504)
+* frename-registers: Optimize Options. (line 1582)
+* freorder-blocks: Optimize Options. (line 1073)
+* freorder-blocks-and-partition: Optimize Options. (line 1079)
+* freorder-functions: Optimize Options. (line 1090)
+* freplace-objc-classes: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 174)
+* frepo <1>: Template Instantiation.
+ (line 62)
+* frepo: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 163)
+* frerun-cse-after-loop: Optimize Options. (line 393)
+* freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops: Optimize Options. (line 652)
+* frounding-math: Optimize Options. (line 1472)
+* frtl-abstract-sequences: Optimize Options. (line 1492)
+* fsched-spec-load: Optimize Options. (line 593)
+* fsched-spec-load-dangerous: Optimize Options. (line 598)
+* fsched-stalled-insns: Optimize Options. (line 604)
+* fsched-stalled-insns-dep: Optimize Options. (line 614)
+* fsched-verbose: Debugging Options. (line 829)
+* fsched2-use-superblocks: Optimize Options. (line 624)
+* fsched2-use-traces: Optimize Options. (line 635)
+* fschedule-insns: Optimize Options. (line 564)
+* fschedule-insns2: Optimize Options. (line 574)
+* fsection-anchors: Optimize Options. (line 1678)
+* fsee: Optimize Options. (line 647)
+* fsel-sched-pipelining: Optimize Options. (line 666)
+* fsel-sched-pipelining-outer-loops: Optimize Options. (line 671)
+* fselective-scheduling: Optimize Options. (line 658)
+* fselective-scheduling2: Optimize Options. (line 662)
+* fshort-double: Code Gen Options. (line 117)
+* fshort-enums <1>: Non-bugs. (line 42)
+* fshort-enums <2>: Type Attributes. (line 113)
+* fshort-enums <3>: Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation.
+ (line 43)
+* fshort-enums: Code Gen Options. (line 106)
+* fshort-wchar: Code Gen Options. (line 125)
+* fsignaling-nans: Optimize Options. (line 1499)
+* fsigned-bitfields <1>: Non-bugs. (line 57)
+* fsigned-bitfields: C Dialect Options. (line 296)
+* fsigned-char <1>: Characters implementation.
+ (line 31)
+* fsigned-char: C Dialect Options. (line 286)
+* fsingle-precision-constant: Optimize Options. (line 1514)
+* fsplit-ivs-in-unroller: Optimize Options. (line 1010)
+* fsplit-wide-types: Optimize Options. (line 368)
+* fstack-check: Code Gen Options. (line 357)
+* fstack-limit-register: Code Gen Options. (line 396)
+* fstack-limit-symbol: Code Gen Options. (line 396)
+* fstack-protector: Optimize Options. (line 1666)
+* fstack-protector-all: Optimize Options. (line 1675)
+* fstats: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 178)
+* fstrict-aliasing: Optimize Options. (line 1103)
+* fstrict-overflow: Optimize Options. (line 1149)
+* fsyntax-only: Warning Options. (line 14)
+* ftabstop: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 490)
+* ftemplate-depth: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 183)
+* ftest-coverage: Debugging Options. (line 305)
+* fthread-jumps: Optimize Options. (line 359)
+* ftime-report: Debugging Options. (line 235)
+* ftls-model: Code Gen Options. (line 441)
+* ftracer: Optimize Options. (line 993)
+* ftrapv: Code Gen Options. (line 22)
+* ftree-builtin-call-dce: Optimize Options. (line 788)
+* ftree-ccp: Optimize Options. (line 774)
+* ftree-ch: Optimize Options. (line 808)
+* ftree-copy-prop: Optimize Options. (line 710)
+* ftree-copyrename: Optimize Options. (line 953)
+* ftree-dce: Optimize Options. (line 784)
+* ftree-dominator-opts: Optimize Options. (line 794)
+* ftree-dse: Optimize Options. (line 801)
+* ftree-fre: Optimize Options. (line 703)
+* ftree-loop-im: Optimize Options. (line 918)
+* ftree-loop-ivcanon: Optimize Options. (line 927)
+* ftree-loop-linear: Optimize Options. (line 819)
+* ftree-loop-optimize: Optimize Options. (line 815)
+* ftree-parallelize-loops: Optimize Options. (line 938)
+* ftree-pre: Optimize Options. (line 699)
+* ftree-reassoc: Optimize Options. (line 695)
+* ftree-sink: Optimize Options. (line 770)
+* ftree-sra: Optimize Options. (line 947)
+* ftree-ter: Optimize Options. (line 960)
+* ftree-vect-loop-version: Optimize Options. (line 972)
+* ftree-vectorize: Optimize Options. (line 968)
+* ftree-vectorizer-verbose: Debugging Options. (line 794)
+* ftree-vrp: Optimize Options. (line 984)
+* funit-at-a-time: Optimize Options. (line 1247)
+* funroll-all-loops: Optimize Options. (line 1004)
+* funroll-loops: Optimize Options. (line 998)
+* funsafe-loop-optimizations: Optimize Options. (line 440)
+* funsafe-math-optimizations: Optimize Options. (line 1394)
+* funsigned-bitfields <1>: Non-bugs. (line 57)
+* funsigned-bitfields <2>: Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation.
+ (line 17)
+* funsigned-bitfields: C Dialect Options. (line 296)
+* funsigned-char <1>: Characters implementation.
+ (line 31)
+* funsigned-char: C Dialect Options. (line 268)
+* funswitch-loops: Optimize Options. (line 1627)
+* funwind-tables: Code Gen Options. (line 57)
+* fuse-cxa-atexit: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 196)
+* fvar-tracking: Debugging Options. (line 874)
+* fvariable-expansion-in-unroller: Optimize Options. (line 1024)
+* fvect-cost-model: Optimize Options. (line 981)
+* fverbose-asm: Code Gen Options. (line 165)
+* fvisibility: Code Gen Options. (line 449)
+* fvisibility-inlines-hidden: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 208)
+* fvisibility-ms-compat: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 236)
+* fvpt: Optimize Options. (line 1573)
+* fweb: Optimize Options. (line 1266)
+* fwhole-program: Optimize Options. (line 1277)
+* fwide-exec-charset: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 501)
+* fworking-directory: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 519)
+* fwrapv: Code Gen Options. (line 26)
+* fzero-link: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 184)
+* G <1>: System V Options. (line 10)
+* G <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 663)
+* G <3>: MIPS Options. (line 314)
+* G: M32R/D Options. (line 57)
+* g: Debugging Options. (line 10)
+* gcoff: Debugging Options. (line 70)
+* gdwarf-2: Debugging Options. (line 88)
+* gen-decls: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 194)
+* gfull: Darwin Options. (line 71)
+* ggdb: Debugging Options. (line 38)
+* gnu-ld: HPPA Options. (line 111)
+* gstabs: Debugging Options. (line 44)
+* gstabs+: Debugging Options. (line 64)
+* gused: Darwin Options. (line 66)
+* gvms: Debugging Options. (line 95)
+* gxcoff: Debugging Options. (line 75)
+* gxcoff+: Debugging Options. (line 80)
+* H: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 652)
+* headerpad_max_install_names: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* help <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 644)
+* help: Overall Options. (line 231)
+* hp-ld: HPPA Options. (line 123)
+* I <1>: Directory Options. (line 10)
+* I: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 65)
+* I- <1>: Directory Options. (line 107)
+* I-: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 363)
+* idirafter: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 405)
+* iframework: Darwin Options. (line 59)
+* imacros: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 396)
+* image_base: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* imultilib: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 428)
+* include: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 385)
+* init: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* install_name: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* iprefix: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 412)
+* iquote <1>: Directory Options. (line 31)
+* iquote: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 440)
+* isysroot: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 424)
+* isystem: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 432)
+* iwithprefix: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 418)
+* iwithprefixbefore: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 418)
+* keep_private_externs: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* L: Directory Options. (line 37)
+* l: Link Options. (line 26)
+* lobjc: Link Options. (line 53)
+* M: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 173)
+* m1: SH Options. (line 9)
+* m10: PDP-11 Options. (line 29)
+* m128bit-long-double: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 265)
+* m16-bit: CRIS Options. (line 64)
+* m2: SH Options. (line 12)
+* m210: MCore Options. (line 43)
+* m3: SH Options. (line 18)
+* m31: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 87)
+* m32 <1>: SPARC Options. (line 191)
+* m32 <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 252)
+* m32: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 607)
+* m32-bit: CRIS Options. (line 64)
+* m32r: M32R/D Options. (line 15)
+* m32r2: M32R/D Options. (line 9)
+* m32rx: M32R/D Options. (line 12)
+* m340: MCore Options. (line 43)
+* m3dnow: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* m3e: SH Options. (line 21)
+* m4: SH Options. (line 35)
+* m4-nofpu: SH Options. (line 24)
+* m4-single: SH Options. (line 31)
+* m4-single-only: SH Options. (line 27)
+* m40: PDP-11 Options. (line 23)
+* m45: PDP-11 Options. (line 26)
+* m4a: SH Options. (line 50)
+* m4a-nofpu: SH Options. (line 38)
+* m4a-single: SH Options. (line 46)
+* m4a-single-only: SH Options. (line 42)
+* m4al: SH Options. (line 53)
+* m4byte-functions: MCore Options. (line 27)
+* m5200: M680x0 Options. (line 143)
+* m5206e: M680x0 Options. (line 152)
+* m528x: M680x0 Options. (line 156)
+* m5307: M680x0 Options. (line 160)
+* m5407: M680x0 Options. (line 164)
+* m64 <1>: SPARC Options. (line 191)
+* m64 <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 87)
+* m64 <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 252)
+* m64: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 607)
+* m68000: M680x0 Options. (line 91)
+* m68010: M680x0 Options. (line 99)
+* m68020: M680x0 Options. (line 105)
+* m68020-40: M680x0 Options. (line 174)
+* m68020-60: M680x0 Options. (line 183)
+* m68030: M680x0 Options. (line 110)
+* m68040: M680x0 Options. (line 115)
+* m68060: M680x0 Options. (line 124)
+* m6811: M68hc1x Options. (line 13)
+* m6812: M68hc1x Options. (line 18)
+* m68881: M680x0 Options. (line 193)
+* m68hc11: M68hc1x Options. (line 13)
+* m68hc12: M68hc1x Options. (line 18)
+* m68hcs12: M68hc1x Options. (line 23)
+* m68S12: M68hc1x Options. (line 23)
+* m8-bit: CRIS Options. (line 64)
+* m96bit-long-double: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 265)
+* mabi <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 549)
+* mabi: ARM Options. (line 10)
+* mabi-mmixware: MMIX Options. (line 20)
+* mabi=32: MIPS Options. (line 129)
+* mabi=64: MIPS Options. (line 129)
+* mabi=eabi: MIPS Options. (line 129)
+* mabi=gnu: MMIX Options. (line 20)
+* mabi=ibmlongdouble: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 562)
+* mabi=ieeelongdouble: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 566)
+* mabi=n32: MIPS Options. (line 129)
+* mabi=no-spe: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 559)
+* mabi=o64: MIPS Options. (line 129)
+* mabi=spe: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 554)
+* mabicalls: MIPS Options. (line 153)
+* mabort-on-noreturn: ARM Options. (line 149)
+* mabshi: PDP-11 Options. (line 55)
+* mac0: PDP-11 Options. (line 16)
+* macc-4: FRV Options. (line 113)
+* macc-8: FRV Options. (line 116)
+* maccumulate-outgoing-args: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 532)
+* madjust-unroll: SH Options. (line 196)
+* mads: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 592)
+* maix-struct-return: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 542)
+* maix32: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 290)
+* maix64: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 290)
+* malign-300: H8/300 Options. (line 31)
+* malign-double: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 249)
+* malign-int: M680x0 Options. (line 263)
+* malign-labels: FRV Options. (line 104)
+* malign-loops: M32R/D Options. (line 73)
+* malign-natural: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 329)
+* malign-power: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 329)
+* malloc-cc: FRV Options. (line 25)
+* malpha-as: DEC Alpha Options. (line 159)
+* maltivec: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 183)
+* mam33: MN10300 Options. (line 17)
+* mapcs: ARM Options. (line 22)
+* mapcs-frame: ARM Options. (line 14)
+* mapp-regs <1>: V850 Options. (line 57)
+* mapp-regs: SPARC Options. (line 10)
+* march <1>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 116)
+* march <2>: MIPS Options. (line 14)
+* march <3>: M680x0 Options. (line 12)
+* march <4>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 148)
+* march <5>: HPPA Options. (line 9)
+* march <6>: CRIS Options. (line 10)
+* march: ARM Options. (line 112)
+* masm=DIALECT: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 205)
+* mauto-incdec: M68hc1x Options. (line 26)
+* mauto-pic: IA-64 Options. (line 50)
+* mavoid-indexed-addresses: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 399)
+* mb: SH Options. (line 58)
+* mbackchain: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 35)
+* mbase-addresses: MMIX Options. (line 54)
+* mbcopy: PDP-11 Options. (line 36)
+* mbig: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 474)
+* mbig-endian <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 474)
+* mbig-endian <2>: MCore Options. (line 39)
+* mbig-endian <3>: IA-64 Options. (line 9)
+* mbig-endian: ARM Options. (line 72)
+* mbig-switch <1>: V850 Options. (line 52)
+* mbig-switch: HPPA Options. (line 23)
+* mbigtable: SH Options. (line 74)
+* mbit-align: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 428)
+* mbitfield: M680x0 Options. (line 231)
+* mbitops: SH Options. (line 78)
+* mbranch-cheap: PDP-11 Options. (line 65)
+* mbranch-cost: MIPS Options. (line 610)
+* mbranch-cost=NUMBER: M32R/D Options. (line 82)
+* mbranch-expensive: PDP-11 Options. (line 61)
+* mbranch-hints: SPU Options. (line 27)
+* mbranch-likely: MIPS Options. (line 617)
+* mbranch-predict: MMIX Options. (line 49)
+* mbss-plt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 206)
+* mbuild-constants: DEC Alpha Options. (line 142)
+* mbwx: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mc68000: M680x0 Options. (line 91)
+* mc68020: M680x0 Options. (line 105)
+* mcall-gnu: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 534)
+* mcall-linux: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 530)
+* mcall-netbsd: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 538)
+* mcall-prologues: AVR Options. (line 39)
+* mcall-solaris: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 526)
+* mcall-sysv: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 513)
+* mcall-sysv-eabi: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 520)
+* mcall-sysv-noeabi: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 523)
+* mcallee-super-interworking: ARM Options. (line 238)
+* mcaller-super-interworking: ARM Options. (line 244)
+* mcallgraph-data: MCore Options. (line 31)
+* mcc-init: CRIS Options. (line 41)
+* mcfv4e: M680x0 Options. (line 168)
+* mcheck-zero-division: MIPS Options. (line 425)
+* mcirrus-fix-invalid-insns: ARM Options. (line 189)
+* mcix: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mcld: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 458)
+* mcmodel=embmedany: SPARC Options. (line 213)
+* mcmodel=kernel: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 629)
+* mcmodel=large: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 641)
+* mcmodel=medany: SPARC Options. (line 207)
+* mcmodel=medium: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 634)
+* mcmodel=medlow: SPARC Options. (line 196)
+* mcmodel=medmid: SPARC Options. (line 201)
+* mcmodel=small: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 623)
+* mcmpb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mcode-readable: MIPS Options. (line 385)
+* mcond-exec: FRV Options. (line 152)
+* mcond-move: FRV Options. (line 128)
+* mconsole: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 9)
+* mconst-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mconst16: Xtensa Options. (line 10)
+* mconstant-gp: IA-64 Options. (line 46)
+* mcorea: Blackfin Options. (line 149)
+* mcoreb: Blackfin Options. (line 155)
+* mcpu <1>: SPARC Options. (line 96)
+* mcpu <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 114)
+* mcpu <3>: picoChip Options. (line 9)
+* mcpu <4>: M680x0 Options. (line 28)
+* mcpu <5>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 153)
+* mcpu <6>: FRV Options. (line 212)
+* mcpu <7>: DEC Alpha Options. (line 223)
+* mcpu <8>: CRIS Options. (line 10)
+* mcpu <9>: ARM Options. (line 84)
+* mcpu: ARC Options. (line 23)
+* mcpu32: M680x0 Options. (line 134)
+* mcpu= <1>: M32C Options. (line 7)
+* mcpu=: Blackfin Options. (line 7)
+* mcsync-anomaly: Blackfin Options. (line 55)
+* mcx16: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 472)
+* mcygwin: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 16)
+* MD: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 262)
+* mdalign: SH Options. (line 64)
+* mdata: ARC Options. (line 30)
+* mdata-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mdebug <1>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 112)
+* mdebug: M32R/D Options. (line 69)
+* mdec-asm: PDP-11 Options. (line 78)
+* mdisable-callt: V850 Options. (line 80)
+* mdisable-fpregs: HPPA Options. (line 33)
+* mdisable-indexing: HPPA Options. (line 40)
+* mdiv <1>: MCore Options. (line 15)
+* mdiv: M680x0 Options. (line 205)
+* mdiv=STRATEGY: SH Options. (line 141)
+* mdivide-breaks: MIPS Options. (line 431)
+* mdivide-traps: MIPS Options. (line 431)
+* mdivsi3_libfunc=NAME: SH Options. (line 182)
+* mdll: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 30)
+* mdlmzb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 421)
+* mdmx: MIPS Options. (line 278)
+* mdouble: FRV Options. (line 38)
+* mdouble-float <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 347)
+* mdouble-float: MIPS Options. (line 236)
+* mdsp: MIPS Options. (line 255)
+* mdspr2: MIPS Options. (line 261)
+* mdual-nops: SPU Options. (line 55)
+* mdwarf2-asm: IA-64 Options. (line 79)
+* mdword: FRV Options. (line 32)
+* mdynamic-no-pic: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 479)
+* meabi: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 611)
+* mearly-stop-bits: IA-64 Options. (line 85)
+* meb: Score Options. (line 9)
+* mel: Score Options. (line 12)
+* melf <1>: MMIX Options. (line 44)
+* melf: CRIS Options. (line 87)
+* memb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 606)
+* membedded-data: MIPS Options. (line 372)
+* memregs=: M32C Options. (line 21)
+* mep: V850 Options. (line 16)
+* mepsilon: MMIX Options. (line 15)
+* merror-reloc: SPU Options. (line 10)
+* mesa: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 95)
+* metrax100: CRIS Options. (line 26)
+* metrax4: CRIS Options. (line 26)
+* mexplicit-relocs <1>: MIPS Options. (line 416)
+* mexplicit-relocs: DEC Alpha Options. (line 184)
+* mextern-sdata: MIPS Options. (line 334)
+* MF: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 208)
+* mfast-fp: Blackfin Options. (line 128)
+* mfast-indirect-calls: HPPA Options. (line 52)
+* mfaster-structs: SPARC Options. (line 71)
+* mfdpic: FRV Options. (line 56)
+* mfix: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mfix-and-continue: Darwin Options. (line 106)
+* mfix-cortex-m3-ldrd: ARC Options. (line 36)
+* mfix-r10000: MIPS Options. (line 502)
+* mfix-r4000: MIPS Options. (line 481)
+* mfix-r4400: MIPS Options. (line 495)
+* mfix-sb1: MIPS Options. (line 534)
+* mfix-vr4120: MIPS Options. (line 513)
+* mfix-vr4130: MIPS Options. (line 527)
+* mfixed-cc: FRV Options. (line 28)
+* mfixed-range <1>: SPU Options. (line 47)
+* mfixed-range <2>: SH Options. (line 189)
+* mfixed-range <3>: IA-64 Options. (line 90)
+* mfixed-range: HPPA Options. (line 59)
+* mflip-mips16: MIPS Options. (line 109)
+* mfloat-abi: ARM Options. (line 41)
+* mfloat-gprs: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 235)
+* mfloat-ieee: DEC Alpha Options. (line 179)
+* mfloat-vax: DEC Alpha Options. (line 179)
+* mfloat32: PDP-11 Options. (line 52)
+* mfloat64: PDP-11 Options. (line 48)
+* mflush-func: MIPS Options. (line 601)
+* mflush-func=NAME: M32R/D Options. (line 94)
+* mflush-trap=NUMBER: M32R/D Options. (line 87)
+* mfmovd: SH Options. (line 81)
+* mfp: ARM Options. (line 124)
+* mfp-exceptions: MIPS Options. (line 628)
+* mfp-reg: DEC Alpha Options. (line 25)
+* mfp-rounding-mode: DEC Alpha Options. (line 85)
+* mfp-trap-mode: DEC Alpha Options. (line 63)
+* mfp32: MIPS Options. (line 219)
+* mfp64: MIPS Options. (line 222)
+* mfpe: ARM Options. (line 124)
+* mfpr-32: FRV Options. (line 13)
+* mfpr-64: FRV Options. (line 16)
+* mfprnd: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mfpu <1>: SPARC Options. (line 20)
+* mfpu <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 355)
+* mfpu <3>: PDP-11 Options. (line 9)
+* mfpu: ARM Options. (line 124)
+* mfull-toc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 263)
+* mfused-madd <1>: Xtensa Options. (line 19)
+* mfused-madd <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 137)
+* mfused-madd <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 408)
+* mfused-madd <4>: MIPS Options. (line 466)
+* mfused-madd: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 591)
+* mg: VAX Options. (line 17)
+* MG: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 217)
+* mgas <1>: HPPA Options. (line 75)
+* mgas: DEC Alpha Options. (line 159)
+* mgen-cell-microcode: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 194)
+* mgettrcost=NUMBER: SH Options. (line 211)
+* mglibc: GNU/Linux Options. (line 9)
+* mgnu: VAX Options. (line 13)
+* mgnu-as: IA-64 Options. (line 18)
+* mgnu-ld: IA-64 Options. (line 23)
+* mgotplt: CRIS Options. (line 81)
+* mgp32: MIPS Options. (line 213)
+* mgp64: MIPS Options. (line 216)
+* mgpopt: MIPS Options. (line 357)
+* mgpr-32: FRV Options. (line 7)
+* mgpr-64: FRV Options. (line 10)
+* mgprel-ro: FRV Options. (line 79)
+* mh: H8/300 Options. (line 14)
+* mhard-dfp <1>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 20)
+* mhard-dfp: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mhard-float <1>: SPARC Options. (line 20)
+* mhard-float <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 11)
+* mhard-float <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 341)
+* mhard-float <4>: MIPS Options. (line 225)
+* mhard-float <5>: M680x0 Options. (line 193)
+* mhard-float <6>: FRV Options. (line 19)
+* mhard-float: ARM Options. (line 62)
+* mhard-quad-float: SPARC Options. (line 41)
+* mhardlit: MCore Options. (line 10)
+* mhint-max-distance: SPU Options. (line 67)
+* mhint-max-nops: SPU Options. (line 61)
+* mhitachi: SH Options. (line 84)
+* micplb: Blackfin Options. (line 168)
+* mid-shared-library: Blackfin Options. (line 76)
+* mieee <1>: SH Options. (line 99)
+* mieee: DEC Alpha Options. (line 39)
+* mieee-conformant: DEC Alpha Options. (line 134)
+* mieee-fp: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 211)
+* mieee-with-inexact: DEC Alpha Options. (line 52)
+* milp32: IA-64 Options. (line 114)
+* mimpure-text: SPARC Options. (line 81)
+* mincoming-stack-boundary: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 379)
+* mindexed-addressing: SH Options. (line 201)
+* minline-all-stringops: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 553)
+* minline-float-divide-max-throughput: IA-64 Options. (line 58)
+* minline-float-divide-min-latency: IA-64 Options. (line 54)
+* minline-ic_invalidate: SH Options. (line 106)
+* minline-int-divide-max-throughput: IA-64 Options. (line 66)
+* minline-int-divide-min-latency: IA-64 Options. (line 62)
+* minline-plt <1>: FRV Options. (line 64)
+* minline-plt: Blackfin Options. (line 133)
+* minline-sqrt-max-throughput: IA-64 Options. (line 74)
+* minline-sqrt-min-latency: IA-64 Options. (line 70)
+* minline-stringops-dynamically: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 560)
+* minmax: M68hc1x Options. (line 31)
+* minsert-sched-nops: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 501)
+* mint16: PDP-11 Options. (line 40)
+* mint32 <1>: PDP-11 Options. (line 44)
+* mint32: H8/300 Options. (line 28)
+* mint8: AVR Options. (line 51)
+* minterlink-mips16: MIPS Options. (line 116)
+* minvalid-symbols: SH Options. (line 234)
+* mips1: MIPS Options. (line 76)
+* mips16: MIPS Options. (line 101)
+* mips2: MIPS Options. (line 79)
+* mips3: MIPS Options. (line 82)
+* mips32: MIPS Options. (line 88)
+* mips32r2: MIPS Options. (line 91)
+* mips3d: MIPS Options. (line 284)
+* mips4: MIPS Options. (line 85)
+* mips64: MIPS Options. (line 94)
+* mips64r2: MIPS Options. (line 97)
+* misel: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 212)
+* misize: SH Options. (line 118)
+* missue-rate=NUMBER: M32R/D Options. (line 79)
+* mjump-in-delay: HPPA Options. (line 28)
+* mkernel: Darwin Options. (line 84)
+* mknuthdiv: MMIX Options. (line 33)
+* ml: SH Options. (line 61)
+* mlarge-data: DEC Alpha Options. (line 195)
+* mlarge-data-threshold=NUMBER: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 291)
+* mlarge-mem: SPU Options. (line 35)
+* mlarge-text: DEC Alpha Options. (line 213)
+* mleaf-id-shared-library: Blackfin Options. (line 87)
+* mlibfuncs: MMIX Options. (line 10)
+* mlibrary-pic: FRV Options. (line 110)
+* mlinked-fp: FRV Options. (line 94)
+* mlinker-opt: HPPA Options. (line 85)
+* mlinux: CRIS Options. (line 91)
+* mlittle: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 468)
+* mlittle-endian <1>: SPARC Options. (line 185)
+* mlittle-endian <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 468)
+* mlittle-endian <3>: MCore Options. (line 39)
+* mlittle-endian <4>: IA-64 Options. (line 13)
+* mlittle-endian: ARM Options. (line 68)
+* mllsc: MIPS Options. (line 241)
+* mlocal-sdata: MIPS Options. (line 322)
+* mlong-calls <1>: V850 Options. (line 10)
+* mlong-calls <2>: MIPS Options. (line 452)
+* mlong-calls <3>: M68hc1x Options. (line 35)
+* mlong-calls <4>: FRV Options. (line 99)
+* mlong-calls <5>: Blackfin Options. (line 116)
+* mlong-calls: ARM Options. (line 154)
+* mlong-double-128: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 29)
+* mlong-double-64: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 29)
+* mlong-load-store: HPPA Options. (line 66)
+* mlong32: MIPS Options. (line 297)
+* mlong64: MIPS Options. (line 292)
+* mlongcall: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 677)
+* mlongcalls: Xtensa Options. (line 67)
+* mlow-64k: Blackfin Options. (line 65)
+* mlp64: IA-64 Options. (line 114)
+* MM: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 198)
+* mmac <1>: Score Options. (line 21)
+* mmac: CRX Options. (line 9)
+* mmad: MIPS Options. (line 461)
+* mmangle-cpu: ARC Options. (line 15)
+* mmax: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mmax-stack-frame: CRIS Options. (line 22)
+* mmcu: AVR Options. (line 9)
+* MMD: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 278)
+* mmedia: FRV Options. (line 44)
+* mmemcpy: MIPS Options. (line 446)
+* mmemory-latency: DEC Alpha Options. (line 276)
+* mmfcrf: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mmfpgpr: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mminimal-toc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 263)
+* mmmx: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* mmodel=large: M32R/D Options. (line 33)
+* mmodel=medium: M32R/D Options. (line 27)
+* mmodel=small: M32R/D Options. (line 18)
+* mmt: MIPS Options. (line 289)
+* mmul-bug-workaround: CRIS Options. (line 31)
+* mmuladd: FRV Options. (line 50)
+* mmulhw: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 414)
+* mmult-bug: MN10300 Options. (line 9)
+* mmulti-cond-exec: FRV Options. (line 176)
+* mmulticore: Blackfin Options. (line 137)
+* mmultiple: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 366)
+* mmvcle: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 105)
+* mmvme: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 587)
+* mn: H8/300 Options. (line 20)
+* mnested-cond-exec: FRV Options. (line 189)
+* mnew-mnemonics: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 99)
+* mnhwloop: Score Options. (line 15)
+* mno-3dnow: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* mno-4byte-functions: MCore Options. (line 27)
+* mno-abicalls: MIPS Options. (line 153)
+* mno-abshi: PDP-11 Options. (line 58)
+* mno-ac0: PDP-11 Options. (line 20)
+* mno-align-double: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 249)
+* mno-align-int: M680x0 Options. (line 263)
+* mno-align-loops: M32R/D Options. (line 76)
+* mno-align-stringops: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 548)
+* mno-altivec: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 183)
+* mno-am33: MN10300 Options. (line 20)
+* mno-app-regs <1>: V850 Options. (line 61)
+* mno-app-regs: SPARC Options. (line 10)
+* mno-avoid-indexed-addresses: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 399)
+* mno-backchain: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 35)
+* mno-base-addresses: MMIX Options. (line 54)
+* mno-bit-align: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 428)
+* mno-bitfield: M680x0 Options. (line 227)
+* mno-branch-likely: MIPS Options. (line 617)
+* mno-branch-predict: MMIX Options. (line 49)
+* mno-bwx: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mno-callgraph-data: MCore Options. (line 31)
+* mno-check-zero-division: MIPS Options. (line 425)
+* mno-cirrus-fix-invalid-insns: ARM Options. (line 189)
+* mno-cix: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mno-cmpb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-cond-exec: FRV Options. (line 158)
+* mno-cond-move: FRV Options. (line 134)
+* mno-const-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mno-const16: Xtensa Options. (line 10)
+* mno-crt0: MN10300 Options. (line 31)
+* mno-csync-anomaly: Blackfin Options. (line 61)
+* mno-cygwin: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 23)
+* mno-data-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mno-debug: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 112)
+* mno-div <1>: MCore Options. (line 15)
+* mno-div: M680x0 Options. (line 205)
+* mno-dlmzb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 421)
+* mno-double: FRV Options. (line 41)
+* mno-dsp: MIPS Options. (line 255)
+* mno-dspr2: MIPS Options. (line 261)
+* mno-dwarf2-asm: IA-64 Options. (line 79)
+* mno-dword: FRV Options. (line 35)
+* mno-eabi: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 611)
+* mno-early-stop-bits: IA-64 Options. (line 85)
+* mno-eflags: FRV Options. (line 125)
+* mno-embedded-data: MIPS Options. (line 372)
+* mno-ep: V850 Options. (line 16)
+* mno-epsilon: MMIX Options. (line 15)
+* mno-explicit-relocs <1>: MIPS Options. (line 416)
+* mno-explicit-relocs: DEC Alpha Options. (line 184)
+* mno-extern-sdata: MIPS Options. (line 334)
+* mno-fancy-math-387: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 238)
+* mno-faster-structs: SPARC Options. (line 71)
+* mno-fix: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mno-fix-r10000: MIPS Options. (line 502)
+* mno-fix-r4000: MIPS Options. (line 481)
+* mno-fix-r4400: MIPS Options. (line 495)
+* mno-float32: PDP-11 Options. (line 48)
+* mno-float64: PDP-11 Options. (line 52)
+* mno-flush-func: M32R/D Options. (line 99)
+* mno-flush-trap: M32R/D Options. (line 91)
+* mno-fp-in-toc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 263)
+* mno-fp-regs: DEC Alpha Options. (line 25)
+* mno-fp-ret-in-387: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 228)
+* mno-fprnd: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-fpu: SPARC Options. (line 25)
+* mno-fused-madd <1>: Xtensa Options. (line 19)
+* mno-fused-madd <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 137)
+* mno-fused-madd <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 408)
+* mno-fused-madd: MIPS Options. (line 466)
+* mno-gnu-as: IA-64 Options. (line 18)
+* mno-gnu-ld: IA-64 Options. (line 23)
+* mno-gotplt: CRIS Options. (line 81)
+* mno-gpopt: MIPS Options. (line 357)
+* mno-hard-dfp <1>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 20)
+* mno-hard-dfp: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-hardlit: MCore Options. (line 10)
+* mno-id-shared-library: Blackfin Options. (line 83)
+* mno-ieee-fp: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 211)
+* mno-int16: PDP-11 Options. (line 44)
+* mno-int32: PDP-11 Options. (line 40)
+* mno-interlink-mips16: MIPS Options. (line 116)
+* mno-interrupts: AVR Options. (line 35)
+* mno-isel: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 212)
+* mno-knuthdiv: MMIX Options. (line 33)
+* mno-leaf-id-shared-library: Blackfin Options. (line 93)
+* mno-libfuncs: MMIX Options. (line 10)
+* mno-llsc: MIPS Options. (line 241)
+* mno-local-sdata: MIPS Options. (line 322)
+* mno-long-calls <1>: V850 Options. (line 10)
+* mno-long-calls <2>: MIPS Options. (line 452)
+* mno-long-calls <3>: M68hc1x Options. (line 35)
+* mno-long-calls <4>: HPPA Options. (line 136)
+* mno-long-calls <5>: Blackfin Options. (line 116)
+* mno-long-calls: ARM Options. (line 154)
+* mno-longcall: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 677)
+* mno-longcalls: Xtensa Options. (line 67)
+* mno-low-64k: Blackfin Options. (line 69)
+* mno-lsim: FR30 Options. (line 14)
+* mno-mad: MIPS Options. (line 461)
+* mno-max: DEC Alpha Options. (line 171)
+* mno-mdmx: MIPS Options. (line 278)
+* mno-media: FRV Options. (line 47)
+* mno-memcpy: MIPS Options. (line 446)
+* mno-mfcrf: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-mfpgpr: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-mips16: MIPS Options. (line 101)
+* mno-mips3d: MIPS Options. (line 284)
+* mno-mmx: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* mno-mt: MIPS Options. (line 289)
+* mno-mul-bug-workaround: CRIS Options. (line 31)
+* mno-muladd: FRV Options. (line 53)
+* mno-mulhw: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 414)
+* mno-mult-bug: MN10300 Options. (line 13)
+* mno-multi-cond-exec: FRV Options. (line 183)
+* mno-multiple: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 366)
+* mno-mvcle: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 105)
+* mno-nested-cond-exec: FRV Options. (line 195)
+* mno-optimize-membar: FRV Options. (line 205)
+* mno-pack: FRV Options. (line 122)
+* mno-packed-stack: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 54)
+* mno-paired: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 226)
+* mno-paired-single: MIPS Options. (line 272)
+* mno-pic: IA-64 Options. (line 26)
+* mno-plt: MIPS Options. (line 180)
+* mno-popcntb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-power: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-power2: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-powerpc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-powerpc-gfxopt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-powerpc-gpopt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-powerpc64: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mno-prolog-function: V850 Options. (line 23)
+* mno-prologue-epilogue: CRIS Options. (line 71)
+* mno-prototype: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 571)
+* mno-push-args: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 525)
+* mno-register-names: IA-64 Options. (line 37)
+* mno-regnames: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 671)
+* mno-relax-immediate: MCore Options. (line 19)
+* mno-relocatable: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 445)
+* mno-relocatable-lib: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 453)
+* mno-rtd: M680x0 Options. (line 258)
+* mno-scc: FRV Options. (line 146)
+* mno-sched-ar-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 128)
+* mno-sched-ar-in-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 149)
+* mno-sched-br-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 121)
+* mno-sched-br-in-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 142)
+* mno-sched-control-ldc: IA-64 Options. (line 168)
+* mno-sched-control-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 135)
+* mno-sched-count-spec-in-critical-path: IA-64 Options. (line 194)
+* mno-sched-in-control-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 156)
+* mno-sched-ldc: IA-64 Options. (line 162)
+* mno-sched-prefer-non-control-spec-insns: IA-64 Options. (line 187)
+* mno-sched-prefer-non-data-spec-insns: IA-64 Options. (line 180)
+* mno-sched-prolog: ARM Options. (line 32)
+* mno-sched-spec-verbose: IA-64 Options. (line 176)
+* mno-sdata <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 658)
+* mno-sdata: IA-64 Options. (line 42)
+* mno-sep-data: Blackfin Options. (line 111)
+* mno-serialize-volatile: Xtensa Options. (line 35)
+* mno-short: M680x0 Options. (line 222)
+* mno-side-effects: CRIS Options. (line 46)
+* mno-single-exit: MMIX Options. (line 66)
+* mno-slow-bytes: MCore Options. (line 35)
+* mno-small-exec: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 80)
+* mno-smartmips: MIPS Options. (line 268)
+* mno-soft-float: DEC Alpha Options. (line 10)
+* mno-space-regs: HPPA Options. (line 45)
+* mno-spe: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 221)
+* mno-specld-anomaly: Blackfin Options. (line 51)
+* mno-split: PDP-11 Options. (line 71)
+* mno-split-addresses: MIPS Options. (line 410)
+* mno-sse: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* mno-stack-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mno-stack-bias: SPARC Options. (line 222)
+* mno-strict-align <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 440)
+* mno-strict-align: M680x0 Options. (line 283)
+* mno-string: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 377)
+* mno-sum-in-toc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 263)
+* mno-swdiv: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 173)
+* mno-sym32: MIPS Options. (line 307)
+* mno-tablejump: AVR Options. (line 43)
+* mno-target-align: Xtensa Options. (line 54)
+* mno-text-section-literals: Xtensa Options. (line 42)
+* mno-toc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 462)
+* mno-toplevel-symbols: MMIX Options. (line 40)
+* mno-tpf-trace: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 131)
+* mno-unaligned-doubles: SPARC Options. (line 59)
+* mno-uninit-const-in-rodata: MIPS Options. (line 380)
+* mno-update: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 388)
+* mno-v8plus: SPARC Options. (line 170)
+* mno-vis: SPARC Options. (line 177)
+* mno-vliw-branch: FRV Options. (line 170)
+* mno-volatile-asm-stop: IA-64 Options. (line 32)
+* mno-vrsave: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 191)
+* mno-wide-bitfields: MCore Options. (line 23)
+* mno-xgot <1>: MIPS Options. (line 190)
+* mno-xgot: M680x0 Options. (line 315)
+* mno-xl-compat: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 298)
+* mno-zero-extend: MMIX Options. (line 27)
+* mnobitfield: M680x0 Options. (line 227)
+* mnomacsave: SH Options. (line 95)
+* mnominmax: M68hc1x Options. (line 31)
+* mnop-fun-dllimport: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 36)
+* mold-mnemonics: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 99)
+* momit-leaf-frame-pointer <1>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 573)
+* momit-leaf-frame-pointer: Blackfin Options. (line 39)
+* mone-byte-bool: Darwin Options. (line 92)
+* moptimize-membar: FRV Options. (line 201)
+* MP: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 227)
+* mpa-risc-1-0: HPPA Options. (line 19)
+* mpa-risc-1-1: HPPA Options. (line 19)
+* mpa-risc-2-0: HPPA Options. (line 19)
+* mpack: FRV Options. (line 119)
+* mpacked-stack: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 54)
+* mpadstruct: SH Options. (line 121)
+* mpaired: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 226)
+* mpaired-single: MIPS Options. (line 272)
+* mpc32: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 344)
+* mpc64: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 344)
+* mpc80: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 344)
+* mpcrel: M680x0 Options. (line 275)
+* mpdebug: CRIS Options. (line 35)
+* mpe: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 318)
+* mpic-register: ARM Options. (line 185)
+* mplt: MIPS Options. (line 180)
+* mpoke-function-name: ARM Options. (line 199)
+* mpopcntb: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mportable-runtime: HPPA Options. (line 71)
+* mpower: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mpower2: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mpowerpc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mpowerpc-gfxopt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mpowerpc-gpopt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mpowerpc64: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 31)
+* mprefergot: SH Options. (line 128)
+* mpreferred-stack-boundary: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 374)
+* mprioritize-restricted-insns: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 485)
+* mprolog-function: V850 Options. (line 23)
+* mprologue-epilogue: CRIS Options. (line 71)
+* mprototype: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 571)
+* mpt-fixed: SH Options. (line 215)
+* mpush-args <1>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 525)
+* mpush-args: CRX Options. (line 13)
+* MQ: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 253)
+* mr10k-cache-barrier: MIPS Options. (line 539)
+* mrecip: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 490)
+* mregister-names: IA-64 Options. (line 37)
+* mregnames: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 671)
+* mregparm: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 321)
+* mrelax <1>: SH Options. (line 70)
+* mrelax <2>: MN10300 Options. (line 34)
+* mrelax: H8/300 Options. (line 9)
+* mrelax-immediate: MCore Options. (line 19)
+* mrelocatable: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 445)
+* mrelocatable-lib: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 453)
+* mreturn-pointer-on-d0: MN10300 Options. (line 24)
+* mrodata: ARC Options. (line 30)
+* mrtd <1>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 170)
+* mrtd <2>: M680x0 Options. (line 236)
+* mrtd: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 297)
+* mrtp: VxWorks Options. (line 11)
+* ms: H8/300 Options. (line 17)
+* ms2600: H8/300 Options. (line 24)
+* msafe-dma: SPU Options. (line 17)
+* msafe-hints: SPU Options. (line 72)
+* msahf: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 480)
+* mscc: FRV Options. (line 140)
+* msched-ar-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 128)
+* msched-ar-in-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 149)
+* msched-br-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 121)
+* msched-br-in-data-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 142)
+* msched-control-ldc: IA-64 Options. (line 168)
+* msched-control-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 135)
+* msched-costly-dep: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 492)
+* msched-count-spec-in-critical-path: IA-64 Options. (line 194)
+* msched-in-control-spec: IA-64 Options. (line 156)
+* msched-ldc: IA-64 Options. (line 162)
+* msched-prefer-non-control-spec-insns: IA-64 Options. (line 187)
+* msched-prefer-non-data-spec-insns: IA-64 Options. (line 180)
+* msched-spec-verbose: IA-64 Options. (line 176)
+* mschedule: HPPA Options. (line 78)
+* mscore5: Score Options. (line 25)
+* mscore5u: Score Options. (line 28)
+* mscore7: Score Options. (line 31)
+* mscore7d: Score Options. (line 34)
+* msda: V850 Options. (line 40)
+* msdata <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 645)
+* msdata: IA-64 Options. (line 42)
+* msdata=data: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 650)
+* msdata=default: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 645)
+* msdata=eabi: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 625)
+* msdata=none <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 658)
+* msdata=none: M32R/D Options. (line 40)
+* msdata=sdata: M32R/D Options. (line 49)
+* msdata=sysv: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 636)
+* msdata=use: M32R/D Options. (line 53)
+* msdram: Blackfin Options. (line 162)
+* msecure-plt: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 201)
+* msep-data: Blackfin Options. (line 105)
+* mserialize-volatile: Xtensa Options. (line 35)
+* mshared-library-id: Blackfin Options. (line 98)
+* mshort <1>: M68hc1x Options. (line 40)
+* mshort: M680x0 Options. (line 216)
+* msim <1>: Xstormy16 Options. (line 9)
+* msim <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 581)
+* msim <3>: M32C Options. (line 13)
+* msim: Blackfin Options. (line 32)
+* msimple-fpu: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 351)
+* msingle-exit: MMIX Options. (line 66)
+* msingle-float <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 347)
+* msingle-float: MIPS Options. (line 232)
+* msingle-pic-base: ARM Options. (line 179)
+* msio: HPPA Options. (line 105)
+* msize: AVR Options. (line 32)
+* mslow-bytes: MCore Options. (line 35)
+* msmall-data: DEC Alpha Options. (line 195)
+* msmall-exec: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 80)
+* msmall-mem: SPU Options. (line 35)
+* msmall-model: FR30 Options. (line 9)
+* msmall-text: DEC Alpha Options. (line 213)
+* msmartmips: MIPS Options. (line 268)
+* msoft-float <1>: SPARC Options. (line 25)
+* msoft-float <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 11)
+* msoft-float <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 341)
+* msoft-float <4>: PDP-11 Options. (line 13)
+* msoft-float <5>: MIPS Options. (line 228)
+* msoft-float <6>: M680x0 Options. (line 199)
+* msoft-float <7>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 216)
+* msoft-float <8>: HPPA Options. (line 91)
+* msoft-float <9>: FRV Options. (line 22)
+* msoft-float <10>: DEC Alpha Options. (line 10)
+* msoft-float: ARM Options. (line 65)
+* msoft-quad-float: SPARC Options. (line 45)
+* msoft-reg-count: M68hc1x Options. (line 43)
+* mspace <1>: V850 Options. (line 30)
+* mspace: SH Options. (line 125)
+* mspe: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 221)
+* mspecld-anomaly: Blackfin Options. (line 46)
+* msplit: PDP-11 Options. (line 68)
+* msplit-addresses: MIPS Options. (line 410)
+* msse: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 435)
+* msse2avx: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 599)
+* msseregparm: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 332)
+* mstack-align: CRIS Options. (line 55)
+* mstack-bias: SPARC Options. (line 222)
+* mstack-check-l1: Blackfin Options. (line 72)
+* mstack-guard: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 156)
+* mstack-increment: MCore Options. (line 50)
+* mstack-size: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 156)
+* mstackrealign: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 365)
+* mstdmain: SPU Options. (line 40)
+* mstrict-align <1>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 440)
+* mstrict-align: M680x0 Options. (line 283)
+* mstring: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 377)
+* mstringop-strategy=ALG: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 565)
+* mstructure-size-boundary: ARM Options. (line 134)
+* msvr4-struct-return: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 545)
+* mswdiv: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 173)
+* msym32: MIPS Options. (line 307)
+* mt: IA-64 Options. (line 106)
+* MT: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 239)
+* mtarget-align: Xtensa Options. (line 54)
+* mtda: V850 Options. (line 34)
+* mtext: ARC Options. (line 30)
+* mtext-section-literals: Xtensa Options. (line 42)
+* mthread: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 40)
+* mthreads: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 540)
+* mthumb: ARM Options. (line 220)
+* mthumb-interwork: ARM Options. (line 25)
+* mtiny-stack: AVR Options. (line 48)
+* mtls-direct-seg-refs: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 581)
+* mtls-size: IA-64 Options. (line 97)
+* mtoc: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 462)
+* mtomcat-stats: FRV Options. (line 209)
+* mtoplevel-symbols: MMIX Options. (line 40)
+* mtp: ARM Options. (line 250)
+* mtpcs-frame: ARM Options. (line 226)
+* mtpcs-leaf-frame: ARM Options. (line 232)
+* mtpf-trace: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 131)
+* mtrap-precision: DEC Alpha Options. (line 109)
+* mtune <1>: SPARC Options. (line 158)
+* mtune <2>: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 124)
+* mtune <3>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 163)
+* mtune <4>: MIPS Options. (line 61)
+* mtune <5>: M680x0 Options. (line 66)
+* mtune <6>: IA-64 Options. (line 101)
+* mtune <7>: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 10)
+* mtune <8>: DEC Alpha Options. (line 267)
+* mtune <9>: CRIS Options. (line 16)
+* mtune: ARM Options. (line 102)
+* muclibc: GNU/Linux Options. (line 13)
+* muls: Score Options. (line 18)
+* multcost=NUMBER: SH Options. (line 138)
+* multi_module: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* multilib-library-pic: FRV Options. (line 89)
+* multiply_defined: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* multiply_defined_unused: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* munaligned-doubles: SPARC Options. (line 59)
+* muninit-const-in-rodata: MIPS Options. (line 380)
+* munix: VAX Options. (line 9)
+* munix-asm: PDP-11 Options. (line 74)
+* munsafe-dma: SPU Options. (line 17)
+* mupdate: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 388)
+* musermode: SH Options. (line 133)
+* mv850: V850 Options. (line 49)
+* mv850e: V850 Options. (line 69)
+* mv850e1: V850 Options. (line 64)
+* mv8plus: SPARC Options. (line 170)
+* mveclibabi: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 503)
+* mvis: SPARC Options. (line 177)
+* mvliw-branch: FRV Options. (line 164)
+* mvms-return-codes: DEC Alpha/VMS Options.
+ (line 9)
+* mvolatile-asm-stop: IA-64 Options. (line 32)
+* mvr4130-align: MIPS Options. (line 638)
+* mvrsave: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 191)
+* mvxworks: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 602)
+* mwarn-cell-microcode: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 197)
+* mwarn-dynamicstack: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 150)
+* mwarn-framesize: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 142)
+* mwarn-reloc: SPU Options. (line 10)
+* mwide-bitfields: MCore Options. (line 23)
+* mwin32: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 44)
+* mwindows: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 50)
+* mword-relocations: ARM Options. (line 258)
+* mwords-little-endian: ARM Options. (line 76)
+* mxgot <1>: MIPS Options. (line 190)
+* mxgot: M680x0 Options. (line 315)
+* mxilinx-fpu: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 361)
+* mxl-compat: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 298)
+* myellowknife: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 597)
+* mzarch: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 95)
+* mzda: V850 Options. (line 45)
+* mzero-extend: MMIX Options. (line 27)
+* no-integrated-cpp: C Dialect Options. (line 240)
+* no-lsim: MCore Options. (line 46)
+* no-red-zone: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 615)
+* no_dead_strip_inits_and_terms: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* noall_load: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* nocpp: MIPS Options. (line 476)
+* nodefaultlibs: Link Options. (line 62)
+* nofixprebinding: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* nolibdld: HPPA Options. (line 188)
+* nomultidefs: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* non-static: VxWorks Options. (line 16)
+* noprebind: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* noseglinkedit: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* nostartfiles: Link Options. (line 57)
+* nostdinc: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 375)
+* nostdinc++ <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 380)
+* nostdinc++: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 272)
+* nostdlib: Link Options. (line 71)
+* o: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 75)
+* O: Optimize Options. (line 29)
+* o: Overall Options. (line 187)
+* O0: Optimize Options. (line 106)
+* O1: Optimize Options. (line 29)
+* O2: Optimize Options. (line 67)
+* O3: Optimize Options. (line 100)
+* Os: Optimize Options. (line 110)
+* P: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 591)
+* p: Debugging Options. (line 219)
+* pagezero_size: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* param: Optimize Options. (line 1702)
+* pass-exit-codes: Overall Options. (line 145)
+* pedantic <1>: Warnings and Errors.
+ (line 25)
+* pedantic <2>: Alternate Keywords. (line 29)
+* pedantic <3>: C Extensions. (line 6)
+* pedantic <4>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 163)
+* pedantic <5>: Warning Options. (line 53)
+* pedantic: Standards. (line 16)
+* pedantic-errors <1>: Warnings and Errors.
+ (line 25)
+* pedantic-errors <2>: Non-bugs. (line 216)
+* pedantic-errors <3>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 168)
+* pedantic-errors <4>: Warning Options. (line 95)
+* pedantic-errors: Standards. (line 16)
+* pg: Debugging Options. (line 225)
+* pie: Link Options. (line 92)
+* pipe: Overall Options. (line 209)
+* prebind: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* prebind_all_twolevel_modules: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* print-file-name: Debugging Options. (line 884)
+* print-libgcc-file-name: Debugging Options. (line 905)
+* print-multi-directory: Debugging Options. (line 890)
+* print-multi-lib: Debugging Options. (line 895)
+* print-objc-runtime-info: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 244)
+* print-prog-name: Debugging Options. (line 902)
+* print-search-dirs: Debugging Options. (line 913)
+* print-sysroot: Debugging Options. (line 926)
+* print-sysroot-headers-suffix: Debugging Options. (line 933)
+* private_bundle: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* pthread <1>: SPARC Options. (line 242)
+* pthread <2>: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 709)
+* pthread: IA-64 Options. (line 106)
+* pthreads: SPARC Options. (line 236)
+* Q: Debugging Options. (line 231)
+* Qn: System V Options. (line 18)
+* Qy: System V Options. (line 14)
+* rdynamic: Link Options. (line 98)
+* read_only_relocs: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* remap: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 639)
+* s: Link Options. (line 105)
+* S <1>: Link Options. (line 20)
+* S: Overall Options. (line 170)
+* save-temps: Debugging Options. (line 846)
+* sectalign: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* sectcreate: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* sectobjectsymbols: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* sectorder: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* seg1addr: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* seg_addr_table: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* seg_addr_table_filename: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* segaddr: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* seglinkedit: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* segprot: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* segs_read_only_addr: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* segs_read_write_addr: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* shared: Link Options. (line 114)
+* shared-libgcc: Link Options. (line 122)
+* sim: CRIS Options. (line 95)
+* sim2: CRIS Options. (line 101)
+* single_module: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* specs: Directory Options. (line 84)
+* static <1>: HPPA Options. (line 192)
+* static <2>: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* static: Link Options. (line 109)
+* static-libgcc: Link Options. (line 122)
+* std <1>: Non-bugs. (line 107)
+* std <2>: Other Builtins. (line 22)
+* std <3>: C Dialect Options. (line 47)
+* std: Standards. (line 16)
+* std=: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 326)
+* sub_library: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* sub_umbrella: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* symbolic: Link Options. (line 157)
+* sysroot: Directory Options. (line 92)
+* T: Link Options. (line 163)
+* target-help <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 644)
+* target-help: Overall Options. (line 240)
+* threads <1>: SPARC Options. (line 230)
+* threads: HPPA Options. (line 205)
+* time: Debugging Options. (line 860)
+* tls: FRV Options. (line 75)
+* TLS: FRV Options. (line 72)
+* traditional <1>: Incompatibilities. (line 6)
+* traditional: C Dialect Options. (line 252)
+* traditional-cpp <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 622)
+* traditional-cpp: C Dialect Options. (line 252)
+* trigraphs <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 626)
+* trigraphs: C Dialect Options. (line 236)
+* twolevel_namespace: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* u: Link Options. (line 196)
+* U: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 57)
+* umbrella: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* undef: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 61)
+* undefined: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* unexported_symbols_list: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* V: Target Options. (line 25)
+* v <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 648)
+* v: Overall Options. (line 198)
+* version <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 661)
+* version: Overall Options. (line 348)
+* W: Incompatibilities. (line 64)
+* w: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 159)
+* W: Warning Options. (line 146)
+* w: Warning Options. (line 18)
+* Wa: Assembler Options. (line 9)
+* Wabi: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 286)
+* Waddress: Warning Options. (line 953)
+* Waggregate-return: Warning Options. (line 971)
+* Wall <1>: Standard Libraries. (line 6)
+* Wall <2>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 81)
+* Wall: Warning Options. (line 99)
+* Warray-bounds: Warning Options. (line 691)
+* Wassign-intercept: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 198)
+* Wattributes: Warning Options. (line 976)
+* Wbad-function-cast: Warning Options. (line 869)
+* Wbuiltin-macro-redefined: Warning Options. (line 982)
+* Wcast-align: Warning Options. (line 889)
+* Wcast-qual: Warning Options. (line 884)
+* Wchar-subscripts: Warning Options. (line 184)
+* Wclobbered: Warning Options. (line 909)
+* Wcomment <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 89)
+* Wcomment: Warning Options. (line 189)
+* Wcomments: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 89)
+* Wconversion: Warning Options. (line 913)
+* Wcoverage-mismatch: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 42)
+* Wctor-dtor-privacy: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 378)
+* Wdeclaration-after-statement: Warning Options. (line 812)
+* Wdeprecated: Warning Options. (line 1119)
+* Wdeprecated-declarations: Warning Options. (line 1123)
+* Wdisabled-optimization: Warning Options. (line 1272)
+* Wdiv-by-zero: Warning Options. (line 696)
+* weak_reference_mismatches: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* Weffc++: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 405)
+* Wempty-body: Warning Options. (line 932)
+* Wendif-labels <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 136)
+* Wendif-labels: Warning Options. (line 822)
+* Wenum-compare: Warning Options. (line 936)
+* Werror <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 149)
+* Werror: Warning Options. (line 21)
+* Werror=: Warning Options. (line 24)
+* Wextra: Warning Options. (line 146)
+* Wfatal-errors: Warning Options. (line 38)
+* Wfloat-equal: Warning Options. (line 712)
+* Wformat <1>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 373)
+* Wformat: Warning Options. (line 194)
+* Wformat-contains-nul: Warning Options. (line 233)
+* Wformat-extra-args: Warning Options. (line 237)
+* Wformat-nonliteral <1>: Function Attributes.
+ (line 432)
+* Wformat-nonliteral: Warning Options. (line 255)
+* Wformat-security: Warning Options. (line 260)
+* Wformat-y2k: Warning Options. (line 229)
+* Wformat-zero-length: Warning Options. (line 251)
+* Wformat=2: Warning Options. (line 271)
+* Wframe-larger-than: Warning Options. (line 834)
+* whatsloaded: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* whyload: Darwin Options. (line 199)
+* Wignored-qualifiers: Warning Options. (line 310)
+* Wimplicit: Warning Options. (line 306)
+* Wimplicit-function-declaration: Warning Options. (line 300)
+* Wimplicit-int: Warning Options. (line 296)
+* Winit-self: Warning Options. (line 283)
+* Winline <1>: Inline. (line 63)
+* Winline: Warning Options. (line 1211)
+* Wint-to-pointer-cast: Warning Options. (line 1238)
+* Winvalid-offsetof: Warning Options. (line 1224)
+* Winvalid-pch: Warning Options. (line 1246)
+* Wl: Link Options. (line 188)
+* Wlarger-than-LEN: Warning Options. (line 831)
+* Wlarger-than=LEN: Warning Options. (line 831)
+* Wlogical-op: Warning Options. (line 966)
+* Wlong-long: Warning Options. (line 1250)
+* Wmain: Warning Options. (line 321)
+* Wmissing-braces: Warning Options. (line 328)
+* Wmissing-declarations: Warning Options. (line 1017)
+* Wmissing-field-initializers: Warning Options. (line 1025)
+* Wmissing-format-attribute: Warning Options. (line 1051)
+* Wmissing-include-dirs: Warning Options. (line 338)
+* Wmissing-noreturn: Warning Options. (line 1043)
+* Wmissing-parameter-type: Warning Options. (line 1003)
+* Wmissing-prototypes: Warning Options. (line 1011)
+* Wmultichar: Warning Options. (line 1070)
+* Wnested-externs: Warning Options. (line 1186)
+* Wno-abi: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 286)
+* Wno-address: Warning Options. (line 953)
+* Wno-aggregate-return: Warning Options. (line 971)
+* Wno-all: Warning Options. (line 99)
+* Wno-array-bounds: Warning Options. (line 691)
+* Wno-assign-intercept: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 198)
+* Wno-attributes: Warning Options. (line 976)
+* Wno-bad-function-cast: Warning Options. (line 869)
+* Wno-builtin-macro-redefined: Warning Options. (line 982)
+* Wno-cast-align: Warning Options. (line 889)
+* Wno-cast-qual: Warning Options. (line 884)
+* Wno-char-subscripts: Warning Options. (line 184)
+* Wno-clobbered: Warning Options. (line 909)
+* Wno-comment: Warning Options. (line 189)
+* Wno-conversion: Warning Options. (line 913)
+* Wno-ctor-dtor-privacy: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 378)
+* Wno-declaration-after-statement: Warning Options. (line 812)
+* Wno-deprecated: Warning Options. (line 1119)
+* Wno-deprecated-declarations: Warning Options. (line 1123)
+* Wno-disabled-optimization: Warning Options. (line 1272)
+* Wno-div-by-zero: Warning Options. (line 696)
+* Wno-effc++: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 405)
+* Wno-empty-body: Warning Options. (line 932)
+* Wno-endif-labels: Warning Options. (line 822)
+* Wno-enum-compare: Warning Options. (line 936)
+* Wno-error: Warning Options. (line 21)
+* Wno-error=: Warning Options. (line 24)
+* Wno-extra: Warning Options. (line 146)
+* Wno-fatal-errors: Warning Options. (line 38)
+* Wno-float-equal: Warning Options. (line 712)
+* Wno-format: Warning Options. (line 194)
+* Wno-format-contains-nul: Warning Options. (line 233)
+* Wno-format-extra-args: Warning Options. (line 237)
+* Wno-format-nonliteral: Warning Options. (line 255)
+* Wno-format-security: Warning Options. (line 260)
+* Wno-format-y2k: Warning Options. (line 229)
+* Wno-format-zero-length: Warning Options. (line 251)
+* Wno-format=2: Warning Options. (line 271)
+* Wno-ignored-qualifiers: Warning Options. (line 310)
+* Wno-implicit: Warning Options. (line 306)
+* Wno-implicit-function-declaration: Warning Options. (line 300)
+* Wno-implicit-int: Warning Options. (line 296)
+* Wno-init-self: Warning Options. (line 283)
+* Wno-inline: Warning Options. (line 1211)
+* Wno-int-to-pointer-cast: Warning Options. (line 1238)
+* Wno-invalid-offsetof: Warning Options. (line 1224)
+* Wno-invalid-pch: Warning Options. (line 1246)
+* Wno-logical-op: Warning Options. (line 966)
+* Wno-long-long: Warning Options. (line 1250)
+* Wno-main: Warning Options. (line 321)
+* Wno-missing-braces: Warning Options. (line 328)
+* Wno-missing-declarations: Warning Options. (line 1017)
+* Wno-missing-field-initializers: Warning Options. (line 1025)
+* Wno-missing-format-attribute: Warning Options. (line 1051)
+* Wno-missing-include-dirs: Warning Options. (line 338)
+* Wno-missing-noreturn: Warning Options. (line 1043)
+* Wno-missing-parameter-type: Warning Options. (line 1003)
+* Wno-missing-prototypes: Warning Options. (line 1011)
+* Wno-mudflap: Warning Options. (line 1292)
+* Wno-multichar: Warning Options. (line 1070)
+* Wno-nested-externs: Warning Options. (line 1186)
+* Wno-non-template-friend: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 442)
+* Wno-non-virtual-dtor: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 383)
+* Wno-nonnull: Warning Options. (line 276)
+* Wno-old-style-cast: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 458)
+* Wno-old-style-declaration: Warning Options. (line 993)
+* Wno-old-style-definition: Warning Options. (line 999)
+* Wno-overflow: Warning Options. (line 1129)
+* Wno-overlength-strings: Warning Options. (line 1296)
+* Wno-overloaded-virtual: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 464)
+* Wno-override-init: Warning Options. (line 1132)
+* Wno-packed: Warning Options. (line 1140)
+* Wno-packed-bitfield-compat: Warning Options. (line 1157)
+* Wno-padded: Warning Options. (line 1174)
+* Wno-parentheses: Warning Options. (line 341)
+* Wno-pedantic-ms-format: Warning Options. (line 849)
+* Wno-pmf-conversions <1>: Bound member functions.
+ (line 35)
+* Wno-pmf-conversions: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 483)
+* Wno-pointer-arith: Warning Options. (line 855)
+* Wno-pointer-sign: Warning Options. (line 1281)
+* Wno-pointer-to-int-cast: Warning Options. (line 1242)
+* Wno-pragmas: Warning Options. (line 594)
+* Wno-protocol: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 202)
+* Wno-redundant-decls: Warning Options. (line 1181)
+* Wno-reorder: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 389)
+* Wno-return-type: Warning Options. (line 431)
+* Wno-selector: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 212)
+* Wno-sequence-point: Warning Options. (line 385)
+* Wno-shadow: Warning Options. (line 826)
+* Wno-sign-compare: Warning Options. (line 940)
+* Wno-sign-conversion: Warning Options. (line 947)
+* Wno-sign-promo: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 487)
+* Wno-stack-protector: Warning Options. (line 1287)
+* Wno-strict-aliasing: Warning Options. (line 599)
+* Wno-strict-aliasing=n: Warning Options. (line 607)
+* Wno-strict-null-sentinel: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 435)
+* Wno-strict-overflow: Warning Options. (line 640)
+* Wno-strict-prototypes: Warning Options. (line 987)
+* Wno-strict-selector-match: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 224)
+* Wno-switch: Warning Options. (line 446)
+* Wno-switch-default: Warning Options. (line 454)
+* Wno-switch-enum: Warning Options. (line 457)
+* Wno-sync-nand: Warning Options. (line 463)
+* Wno-system-headers: Warning Options. (line 701)
+* Wno-traditional: Warning Options. (line 727)
+* Wno-traditional-conversion: Warning Options. (line 804)
+* Wno-trigraphs: Warning Options. (line 468)
+* Wno-type-limits: Warning Options. (line 862)
+* Wno-undeclared-selector: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 232)
+* Wno-undef: Warning Options. (line 819)
+* Wno-uninitialized: Warning Options. (line 517)
+* Wno-unknown-pragmas: Warning Options. (line 587)
+* Wno-unreachable-code: Warning Options. (line 1189)
+* Wno-unsafe-loop-optimizations: Warning Options. (line 843)
+* Wno-unused: Warning Options. (line 510)
+* Wno-unused-function: Warning Options. (line 473)
+* Wno-unused-label: Warning Options. (line 478)
+* Wno-unused-parameter: Warning Options. (line 485)
+* Wno-unused-value: Warning Options. (line 500)
+* Wno-unused-variable: Warning Options. (line 492)
+* Wno-variadic-macros: Warning Options. (line 1256)
+* Wno-vla: Warning Options. (line 1262)
+* Wno-volatile-register-var: Warning Options. (line 1266)
+* Wno-write-strings: Warning Options. (line 895)
+* Wnon-template-friend: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 442)
+* Wnon-virtual-dtor: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 383)
+* Wnonnull: Warning Options. (line 276)
+* Wnormalized=: Warning Options. (line 1076)
+* Wold-style-cast: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 458)
+* Wold-style-declaration: Warning Options. (line 993)
+* Wold-style-definition: Warning Options. (line 999)
+* Woverflow: Warning Options. (line 1129)
+* Woverlength-strings: Warning Options. (line 1296)
+* Woverloaded-virtual: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 464)
+* Woverride-init: Warning Options. (line 1132)
+* Wp: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 14)
+* Wpacked: Warning Options. (line 1140)
+* Wpacked-bitfield-compat: Warning Options. (line 1157)
+* Wpadded: Warning Options. (line 1174)
+* Wparentheses: Warning Options. (line 341)
+* Wpedantic-ms-format: Warning Options. (line 849)
+* Wpmf-conversions: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 483)
+* Wpointer-arith <1>: Pointer Arith. (line 13)
+* Wpointer-arith: Warning Options. (line 855)
+* Wpointer-sign: Warning Options. (line 1281)
+* Wpointer-to-int-cast: Warning Options. (line 1242)
+* Wpragmas: Warning Options. (line 594)
+* Wprotocol: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 202)
+* wrapper: Overall Options. (line 351)
+* Wredundant-decls: Warning Options. (line 1181)
+* Wreorder: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 389)
+* Wreturn-type: Warning Options. (line 431)
+* Wselector: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 212)
+* Wsequence-point: Warning Options. (line 385)
+* Wshadow: Warning Options. (line 826)
+* Wsign-compare: Warning Options. (line 940)
+* Wsign-conversion: Warning Options. (line 947)
+* Wsign-promo: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 487)
+* Wstack-protector: Warning Options. (line 1287)
+* Wstrict-aliasing: Warning Options. (line 599)
+* Wstrict-aliasing=n: Warning Options. (line 607)
+* Wstrict-null-sentinel: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 435)
+* Wstrict-overflow: Warning Options. (line 640)
+* Wstrict-prototypes: Warning Options. (line 987)
+* Wstrict-selector-match: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 224)
+* Wswitch: Warning Options. (line 446)
+* Wswitch-default: Warning Options. (line 454)
+* Wswitch-enum: Warning Options. (line 457)
+* Wsync-nand: Warning Options. (line 463)
+* Wsystem-headers <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 153)
+* Wsystem-headers: Warning Options. (line 701)
+* Wtraditional <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 106)
+* Wtraditional: Warning Options. (line 727)
+* Wtraditional-conversion <1>: Protoize Caveats. (line 31)
+* Wtraditional-conversion: Warning Options. (line 804)
+* Wtrigraphs <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 94)
+* Wtrigraphs: Warning Options. (line 468)
+* Wtype-limits: Warning Options. (line 862)
+* Wundeclared-selector: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 232)
+* Wundef <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 112)
+* Wundef: Warning Options. (line 819)
+* Wuninitialized: Warning Options. (line 517)
+* Wunknown-pragmas: Warning Options. (line 587)
+* Wunreachable-code: Warning Options. (line 1189)
+* Wunsafe-loop-optimizations: Warning Options. (line 843)
+* Wunused: Warning Options. (line 510)
+* Wunused-function: Warning Options. (line 473)
+* Wunused-label: Warning Options. (line 478)
+* Wunused-macros: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 117)
+* Wunused-parameter: Warning Options. (line 485)
+* Wunused-value: Warning Options. (line 500)
+* Wunused-variable: Warning Options. (line 492)
+* Wvariadic-macros: Warning Options. (line 1256)
+* Wvla: Warning Options. (line 1262)
+* Wvolatile-register-var: Warning Options. (line 1266)
+* Wwrite-strings: Warning Options. (line 895)
+* x <1>: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 310)
+* x: Overall Options. (line 122)
+* Xassembler: Assembler Options. (line 13)
+* Xbind-lazy: VxWorks Options. (line 26)
+* Xbind-now: VxWorks Options. (line 30)
+* Xlinker: Link Options. (line 169)
+* Xpreprocessor: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 25)
+* Ym: System V Options. (line 26)
+* YP: System V Options. (line 22)
+
+\1f
+File: gcc.info, Node: Keyword Index, Prev: Option Index, Up: Top
+
+Keyword Index
+*************
+
+\0\b[index\0\b]
+* Menu:
+
+* ! in constraint: Multi-Alternative. (line 33)
+* # in constraint: Modifiers. (line 57)
+* #pragma: Pragmas. (line 6)
+* #pragma implementation: C++ Interface. (line 39)
+* #pragma implementation, implied: C++ Interface. (line 46)
+* #pragma interface: C++ Interface. (line 20)
+* #pragma, reason for not using: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1344)
+* $: Dollar Signs. (line 6)
+* % in constraint: Modifiers. (line 45)
+* %include: Spec Files. (line 27)
+* %include_noerr: Spec Files. (line 31)
+* %rename: Spec Files. (line 35)
+* & in constraint: Modifiers. (line 25)
+* ': Incompatibilities. (line 116)
+* (: Constructing Calls. (line 53)
+* * in constraint: Modifiers. (line 62)
+* + in constraint: Modifiers. (line 12)
+* -lgcc, use with -nodefaultlibs: Link Options. (line 79)
+* -lgcc, use with -nostdlib: Link Options. (line 79)
+* -nodefaultlibs and unresolved references: Link Options. (line 79)
+* -nostdlib and unresolved references: Link Options. (line 79)
+* .sdata/.sdata2 references (PowerPC): RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 663)
+* //: C++ Comments. (line 6)
+* 0 in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 117)
+* < in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 48)
+* = in constraint: Modifiers. (line 8)
+* > in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 52)
+* ? in constraint: Multi-Alternative. (line 27)
+* ?: extensions: Conditionals. (line 6)
+* ?: side effect: Conditionals. (line 20)
+* _ in variables in macros: Typeof. (line 42)
+* __builtin___clear_cache: Other Builtins. (line 274)
+* __builtin___fprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___memcpy_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___memmove_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___mempcpy_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___memset_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___printf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___snprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___sprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___stpcpy_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___strcat_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___strcpy_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___strncat_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___strncpy_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___vfprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___vprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___vsnprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin___vsprintf_chk: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin_apply: Constructing Calls. (line 31)
+* __builtin_apply_args: Constructing Calls. (line 20)
+* __builtin_bswap32: Other Builtins. (line 493)
+* __builtin_bswap64: Other Builtins. (line 498)
+* __builtin_choose_expr: Other Builtins. (line 156)
+* __builtin_clz: Other Builtins. (line 426)
+* __builtin_clzl: Other Builtins. (line 444)
+* __builtin_clzll: Other Builtins. (line 464)
+* __builtin_constant_p: Other Builtins. (line 196)
+* __builtin_ctz: Other Builtins. (line 430)
+* __builtin_ctzl: Other Builtins. (line 448)
+* __builtin_ctzll: Other Builtins. (line 468)
+* __builtin_expect: Other Builtins. (line 242)
+* __builtin_ffs: Other Builtins. (line 422)
+* __builtin_ffsl: Other Builtins. (line 440)
+* __builtin_ffsll: Other Builtins. (line 460)
+* __builtin_fpclassify: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_frame_address: Return Address. (line 34)
+* __builtin_huge_val: Other Builtins. (line 325)
+* __builtin_huge_valf: Other Builtins. (line 330)
+* __builtin_huge_vall: Other Builtins. (line 333)
+* __builtin_inf: Other Builtins. (line 348)
+* __builtin_infd128: Other Builtins. (line 358)
+* __builtin_infd32: Other Builtins. (line 352)
+* __builtin_infd64: Other Builtins. (line 355)
+* __builtin_inff: Other Builtins. (line 362)
+* __builtin_infl: Other Builtins. (line 367)
+* __builtin_isfinite: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isgreater: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isgreaterequal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isinf_sign: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isless: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_islessequal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_islessgreater: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isnormal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_isunordered: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_nan: Other Builtins. (line 378)
+* __builtin_nand128: Other Builtins. (line 400)
+* __builtin_nand32: Other Builtins. (line 394)
+* __builtin_nand64: Other Builtins. (line 397)
+* __builtin_nanf: Other Builtins. (line 404)
+* __builtin_nanl: Other Builtins. (line 407)
+* __builtin_nans: Other Builtins. (line 411)
+* __builtin_nansf: Other Builtins. (line 415)
+* __builtin_nansl: Other Builtins. (line 418)
+* __builtin_object_size: Object Size Checking.
+ (line 6)
+* __builtin_offsetof: Offsetof. (line 6)
+* __builtin_parity: Other Builtins. (line 437)
+* __builtin_parityl: Other Builtins. (line 456)
+* __builtin_parityll: Other Builtins. (line 476)
+* __builtin_popcount: Other Builtins. (line 434)
+* __builtin_popcountl: Other Builtins. (line 452)
+* __builtin_popcountll: Other Builtins. (line 472)
+* __builtin_powi: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_powif: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_powil: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* __builtin_prefetch: Other Builtins. (line 286)
+* __builtin_return: Constructing Calls. (line 48)
+* __builtin_return_address: Return Address. (line 11)
+* __builtin_trap: Other Builtins. (line 266)
+* __builtin_types_compatible_p: Other Builtins. (line 110)
+* __complex__ keyword: Complex. (line 6)
+* __declspec(dllexport): Function Attributes.
+ (line 244)
+* __declspec(dllimport): Function Attributes.
+ (line 274)
+* __extension__: Alternate Keywords. (line 29)
+* __float128 data type: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* __float80 data type: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* __func__ identifier: Function Names. (line 6)
+* __FUNCTION__ identifier: Function Names. (line 6)
+* __imag__ keyword: Complex. (line 27)
+* __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ identifier: Function Names. (line 6)
+* __real__ keyword: Complex. (line 27)
+* __STDC_HOSTED__: Standards. (line 13)
+* __sync_add_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __sync_and_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __sync_bool_compare_and_swap: Atomic Builtins. (line 73)
+* __sync_fetch_and_add: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_fetch_and_and: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_fetch_and_nand: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_fetch_and_or: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_fetch_and_sub: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_fetch_and_xor: Atomic Builtins. (line 45)
+* __sync_lock_release: Atomic Builtins. (line 103)
+* __sync_lock_test_and_set: Atomic Builtins. (line 85)
+* __sync_nand_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __sync_or_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __sync_sub_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __sync_synchronize: Atomic Builtins. (line 82)
+* __sync_val_compare_and_swap: Atomic Builtins. (line 73)
+* __sync_xor_and_fetch: Atomic Builtins. (line 61)
+* __thread: Thread-Local. (line 6)
+* _Accum data type: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* _Complex keyword: Complex. (line 6)
+* _Decimal128 data type: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* _Decimal32 data type: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* _Decimal64 data type: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* _exit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* _Exit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* _Fract data type: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* _Sat data type: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ABI: Compatibility. (line 6)
+* abort: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* abs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* accessing volatiles: Volatiles. (line 6)
+* acos: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* acosf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* acosh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* acoshf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* acoshl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* acosl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Ada: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* additional floating types: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* address constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 144)
+* address of a label: Labels as Values. (line 6)
+* address_operand: Simple Constraints. (line 148)
+* alias attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 34)
+* aliasing of parameters: Code Gen Options. (line 409)
+* aligned attribute <1>: Type Attributes. (line 31)
+* aligned attribute <2>: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 23)
+* aligned attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 47)
+* alignment: Alignment. (line 6)
+* alloc_size attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 67)
+* alloca: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* alloca vs variable-length arrays: Variable Length. (line 27)
+* Allow nesting in an interrupt handler on the Blackfin processor.: Function Attributes.
+ (line 701)
+* alternate keywords: Alternate Keywords. (line 6)
+* always_inline function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 88)
+* AMD x86-64 Options: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 6)
+* AMD1: Standards. (line 13)
+* ANSI C: Standards. (line 13)
+* ANSI C standard: Standards. (line 13)
+* ANSI C89: Standards. (line 13)
+* ANSI support: C Dialect Options. (line 10)
+* ANSI X3.159-1989: Standards. (line 13)
+* apostrophes: Incompatibilities. (line 116)
+* application binary interface: Compatibility. (line 6)
+* ARC Options: ARC Options. (line 6)
+* ARM [Annotated C++ Reference Manual]: Backwards Compatibility.
+ (line 6)
+* ARM options: ARM Options. (line 6)
+* arrays of length zero: Zero Length. (line 6)
+* arrays of variable length: Variable Length. (line 6)
+* arrays, non-lvalue: Subscripting. (line 6)
+* artificial function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 131)
+* asin: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asinf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asinh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asinhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asinhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asinl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* asm constraints: Constraints. (line 6)
+* asm expressions: Extended Asm. (line 6)
+* assembler instructions: Extended Asm. (line 6)
+* assembler names for identifiers: Asm Labels. (line 6)
+* assembly code, invalid: Bug Criteria. (line 12)
+* atan: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atan2: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atan2f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atan2l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atanh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atanhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atanhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* atanl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* attribute of types: Type Attributes. (line 6)
+* attribute of variables: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* attribute syntax: Attribute Syntax. (line 6)
+* autoincrement/decrement addressing: Simple Constraints. (line 30)
+* automatic inline for C++ member fns: Inline. (line 71)
+* AVR Options: AVR Options. (line 6)
+* Backwards Compatibility: Backwards Compatibility.
+ (line 6)
+* base class members: Name lookup. (line 6)
+* bcmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* below100 attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 492)
+* binary compatibility: Compatibility. (line 6)
+* Binary constants using the 0b prefix: Binary constants. (line 6)
+* Blackfin Options: Blackfin Options. (line 6)
+* bound pointer to member function: Bound member functions.
+ (line 6)
+* bounds checking: Optimize Options. (line 338)
+* bug criteria: Bug Criteria. (line 6)
+* bugs: Bugs. (line 6)
+* bugs, known: Trouble. (line 6)
+* built-in functions <1>: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* built-in functions: C Dialect Options. (line 170)
+* bzero: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* C compilation options: Invoking GCC. (line 17)
+* C intermediate output, nonexistent: G++ and GCC. (line 35)
+* C language extensions: C Extensions. (line 6)
+* C language, traditional: C Dialect Options. (line 250)
+* C standard: Standards. (line 13)
+* C standards: Standards. (line 13)
+* c++: Invoking G++. (line 14)
+* C++: G++ and GCC. (line 30)
+* C++ comments: C++ Comments. (line 6)
+* C++ compilation options: Invoking GCC. (line 23)
+* C++ interface and implementation headers: C++ Interface. (line 6)
+* C++ language extensions: C++ Extensions. (line 6)
+* C++ member fns, automatically inline: Inline. (line 71)
+* C++ misunderstandings: C++ Misunderstandings.
+ (line 6)
+* C++ options, command line: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* C++ pragmas, effect on inlining: C++ Interface. (line 66)
+* C++ source file suffixes: Invoking G++. (line 6)
+* C++ static data, declaring and defining: Static Definitions.
+ (line 6)
+* C89: Standards. (line 13)
+* C90: Standards. (line 13)
+* C94: Standards. (line 13)
+* C95: Standards. (line 13)
+* C99: Standards. (line 13)
+* C9X: Standards. (line 13)
+* C_INCLUDE_PATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 127)
+* cabs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cabsf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cabsl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacos: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacosf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacosh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacoshf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacoshl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cacosl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* calling functions through the function vector on H8/300, M16C, M32C and SH2A processors: Function Attributes.
+ (line 471)
+* calloc: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* carg: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cargf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cargl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* case labels in initializers: Designated Inits. (line 6)
+* case ranges: Case Ranges. (line 6)
+* casin: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* casinf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* casinh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* casinhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* casinhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* casinl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cast to a union: Cast to Union. (line 6)
+* catan: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* catanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* catanh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* catanhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* catanhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* catanl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cbrt: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cbrtf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cbrtl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccos: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccosf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccosh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccoshf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccoshl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ccosl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ceil: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ceilf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ceill: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cexp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cexpf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cexpl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* character set, execution: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 496)
+* character set, input: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 509)
+* character set, input normalization: Warning Options. (line 1076)
+* character set, wide execution: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 501)
+* cimag: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cimagf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cimagl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cleanup attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 89)
+* clog: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* clogf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* clogl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* COBOL: G++ and GCC. (line 23)
+* code generation conventions: Code Gen Options. (line 6)
+* code, mixed with declarations: Mixed Declarations. (line 6)
+* cold function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 852)
+* command options: Invoking GCC. (line 6)
+* comments, C++ style: C++ Comments. (line 6)
+* common attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 105)
+* comparison of signed and unsigned values, warning: Warning Options.
+ (line 940)
+* compiler bugs, reporting: Bug Reporting. (line 6)
+* compiler compared to C++ preprocessor: G++ and GCC. (line 35)
+* compiler options, C++: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* compiler options, Objective-C and Objective-C++: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* compiler version, specifying: Target Options. (line 6)
+* COMPILER_PATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 88)
+* complex conjugation: Complex. (line 34)
+* complex numbers: Complex. (line 6)
+* compound literals: Compound Literals. (line 6)
+* computed gotos: Labels as Values. (line 6)
+* conditional expressions, extensions: Conditionals. (line 6)
+* conflicting types: Disappointments. (line 21)
+* conj: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* conjf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* conjl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* const applied to function: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* const function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 176)
+* constants in constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 60)
+* constraint modifier characters: Modifiers. (line 6)
+* constraint, matching: Simple Constraints. (line 129)
+* constraints, asm: Constraints. (line 6)
+* constraints, machine specific: Machine Constraints.
+ (line 6)
+* constructing calls: Constructing Calls. (line 6)
+* constructor expressions: Compound Literals. (line 6)
+* constructor function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 204)
+* contributors: Contributors. (line 6)
+* copysign: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* copysignf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* copysignl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* core dump: Bug Criteria. (line 9)
+* cos: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cosf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cosh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* coshf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* coshl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cosl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* CPATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 126)
+* CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 128)
+* cpow: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cpowf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cpowl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cproj: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cprojf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* cprojl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* creal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* crealf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* creall: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* CRIS Options: CRIS Options. (line 6)
+* cross compiling: Target Options. (line 6)
+* CRX Options: CRX Options. (line 6)
+* csin: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csinf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csinh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csinhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csinhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csinl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csqrt: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csqrtf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* csqrtl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctan: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctanh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctanhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctanhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ctanl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Darwin options: Darwin Options. (line 6)
+* dcgettext: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* DD integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* dd integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* deallocating variable length arrays: Variable Length. (line 23)
+* debugging information options: Debugging Options. (line 6)
+* decimal floating types: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* declaration scope: Incompatibilities. (line 80)
+* declarations inside expressions: Statement Exprs. (line 6)
+* declarations, mixed with code: Mixed Declarations. (line 6)
+* declaring attributes of functions: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* declaring static data in C++: Static Definitions. (line 6)
+* defining static data in C++: Static Definitions. (line 6)
+* dependencies for make as output: Environment Variables.
+ (line 154)
+* dependencies, make: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 173)
+* DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT: Environment Variables.
+ (line 153)
+* dependent name lookup: Name lookup. (line 6)
+* deprecated attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 113)
+* deprecated attribute.: Function Attributes.
+ (line 226)
+* designated initializers: Designated Inits. (line 6)
+* designator lists: Designated Inits. (line 94)
+* designators: Designated Inits. (line 61)
+* destructor function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 204)
+* DF integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* df integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* dgettext: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* diagnostic messages: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 6)
+* dialect options: C Dialect Options. (line 6)
+* digits in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 117)
+* directory options: Directory Options. (line 6)
+* DL integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* dl integer suffix: Decimal Float. (line 6)
+* dollar signs in identifier names: Dollar Signs. (line 6)
+* double-word arithmetic: Long Long. (line 6)
+* downward funargs: Nested Functions. (line 6)
+* drem: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* dremf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* dreml: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* E in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 79)
+* earlyclobber operand: Modifiers. (line 25)
+* eight bit data on the H8/300, H8/300H, and H8S: Function Attributes.
+ (line 327)
+* empty structures: Empty Structures. (line 6)
+* environment variables: Environment Variables.
+ (line 6)
+* erf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* erfc: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* erfcf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* erfcl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* erff: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* erfl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* error function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 145)
+* error messages: Warnings and Errors.
+ (line 6)
+* escaped newlines: Escaped Newlines. (line 6)
+* exception handler functions on the Blackfin processor: Function Attributes.
+ (line 337)
+* exclamation point: Multi-Alternative. (line 33)
+* exit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp10: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp10f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp10l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp2: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp2f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* exp2l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* expf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* expl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* explicit register variables: Explicit Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* expm1: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* expm1f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* expm1l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* expressions containing statements: Statement Exprs. (line 6)
+* expressions, constructor: Compound Literals. (line 6)
+* extended asm: Extended Asm. (line 6)
+* extensible constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 153)
+* extensions, ?:: Conditionals. (line 6)
+* extensions, C language: C Extensions. (line 6)
+* extensions, C++ language: C++ Extensions. (line 6)
+* external declaration scope: Incompatibilities. (line 80)
+* externally_visible attribute.: Function Attributes.
+ (line 343)
+* F in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 84)
+* fabs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fabsf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fabsl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fatal signal: Bug Criteria. (line 9)
+* fdim: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fdimf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fdiml: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License.
+ (line 6)
+* ffs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* file name suffix: Overall Options. (line 14)
+* file names: Link Options. (line 10)
+* fixed-point types: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* flatten function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 138)
+* flexible array members: Zero Length. (line 6)
+* float as function value type: Incompatibilities. (line 141)
+* floating point precision <1>: Disappointments. (line 68)
+* floating point precision: Optimize Options. (line 1352)
+* floor: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* floorf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* floorl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fma: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmaf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmax: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmaxf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmaxl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmin: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fminf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fminl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmod: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmodf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fmodl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* force_align_arg_pointer attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 894)
+* format function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 373)
+* format_arg function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 432)
+* Fortran: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* forwarding calls: Constructing Calls. (line 6)
+* fprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fprintf_unlocked: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fputs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fputs_unlocked: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* FR30 Options: FR30 Options. (line 6)
+* freestanding environment: Standards. (line 13)
+* freestanding implementation: Standards. (line 13)
+* frexp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* frexpf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* frexpl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* FRV Options: FRV Options. (line 6)
+* fscanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* fscanf, and constant strings: Incompatibilities. (line 17)
+* function addressability on the M32R/D: Function Attributes.
+ (line 643)
+* function attributes: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* function pointers, arithmetic: Pointer Arith. (line 6)
+* function prototype declarations: Function Prototypes.
+ (line 6)
+* function without a prologue/epilogue code: Function Attributes.
+ (line 683)
+* function, size of pointer to: Pointer Arith. (line 6)
+* functions called via pointer on the RS/6000 and PowerPC: Function Attributes.
+ (line 597)
+* functions in arbitrary sections: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that are passed arguments in registers on the 386: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that behave like malloc: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that do not pop the argument stack on the 386: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that do pop the argument stack on the 386: Function Attributes.
+ (line 170)
+* functions that have different compilation options on the 386: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that have different optimization options: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that have no side effects: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that never return: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that pop the argument stack on the 386: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions that return more than once: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions which do not handle memory bank switching on 68HC11/68HC12: Function Attributes.
+ (line 695)
+* functions which handle memory bank switching: Function Attributes.
+ (line 348)
+* functions with non-null pointer arguments: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* functions with printf, scanf, strftime or strfmon style arguments: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* g in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 110)
+* G in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 88)
+* g++: Invoking G++. (line 14)
+* G++: G++ and GCC. (line 30)
+* gamma: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* gamma_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* gammaf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* gammaf_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* gammal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* gammal_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* GCC: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* GCC command options: Invoking GCC. (line 6)
+* GCC_EXEC_PREFIX: Environment Variables.
+ (line 52)
+* gcc_struct: Type Attributes. (line 309)
+* gcc_struct attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 349)
+* gcov: Debugging Options. (line 263)
+* gettext: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* global offset table: Code Gen Options. (line 184)
+* global register after longjmp: Global Reg Vars. (line 66)
+* global register variables: Global Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* GNAT: G++ and GCC. (line 30)
+* GNU C Compiler: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* GNU Compiler Collection: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* gnu_inline function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 93)
+* goto with computed label: Labels as Values. (line 6)
+* gprof: Debugging Options. (line 224)
+* grouping options: Invoking GCC. (line 26)
+* H in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 88)
+* hardware models and configurations, specifying: Submodel Options.
+ (line 6)
+* hex floats: Hex Floats. (line 6)
+* HK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* hk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* hosted environment <1>: C Dialect Options. (line 204)
+* hosted environment: Standards. (line 13)
+* hosted implementation: Standards. (line 13)
+* hot function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 839)
+* HPPA Options: HPPA Options. (line 6)
+* HR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* hr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* hypot: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* hypotf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* hypotl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* I in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 71)
+* i in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 60)
+* i386 and x86-64 Windows Options: i386 and x86-64 Windows Options.
+ (line 6)
+* i386 Options: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 6)
+* IA-64 Options: IA-64 Options. (line 6)
+* IBM RS/6000 and PowerPC Options: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 6)
+* identifier names, dollar signs in: Dollar Signs. (line 6)
+* identifiers, names in assembler code: Asm Labels. (line 6)
+* ilogb: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ilogbf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ilogbl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* imaxabs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* implementation-defined behavior, C language: C Implementation.
+ (line 6)
+* implied #pragma implementation: C++ Interface. (line 46)
+* incompatibilities of GCC: Incompatibilities. (line 6)
+* increment operators: Bug Criteria. (line 17)
+* index: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* indirect calls on ARM: Function Attributes.
+ (line 587)
+* indirect calls on MIPS: Function Attributes.
+ (line 609)
+* init_priority attribute: C++ Attributes. (line 9)
+* initializations in expressions: Compound Literals. (line 6)
+* initializers with labeled elements: Designated Inits. (line 6)
+* initializers, non-constant: Initializers. (line 6)
+* inline automatic for C++ member fns: Inline. (line 71)
+* inline functions: Inline. (line 6)
+* inline functions, omission of: Inline. (line 51)
+* inlining and C++ pragmas: C++ Interface. (line 66)
+* installation trouble: Trouble. (line 6)
+* integrating function code: Inline. (line 6)
+* Intel 386 Options: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 6)
+* interface and implementation headers, C++: C++ Interface. (line 6)
+* intermediate C version, nonexistent: G++ and GCC. (line 35)
+* interrupt handler functions: Function Attributes.
+ (line 532)
+* interrupt handler functions on the Blackfin, m68k, H8/300 and SH processors: Function Attributes.
+ (line 557)
+* interrupt service routines on ARM: Function Attributes.
+ (line 572)
+* interrupt thread functions on fido: Function Attributes.
+ (line 564)
+* introduction: Top. (line 6)
+* invalid assembly code: Bug Criteria. (line 12)
+* invalid input: Bug Criteria. (line 42)
+* invoking g++: Invoking G++. (line 22)
+* isalnum: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isalpha: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isascii: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isblank: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iscntrl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isdigit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isgraph: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* islower: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ISO 9899: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C standard: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C90: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C94: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C95: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C99: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO C9X: Standards. (line 13)
+* ISO support: C Dialect Options. (line 10)
+* ISO/IEC 9899: Standards. (line 13)
+* isprint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ispunct: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isspace: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isupper: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswalnum: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswalpha: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswblank: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswcntrl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswdigit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswgraph: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswlower: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswprint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswpunct: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswspace: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswupper: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* iswxdigit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* isxdigit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j0: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j0f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j0l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j1: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j1f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* j1l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Java: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* java_interface attribute: C++ Attributes. (line 29)
+* jn: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* jnf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* jnl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* K fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* k fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* keywords, alternate: Alternate Keywords. (line 6)
+* known causes of trouble: Trouble. (line 6)
+* l1_data variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 317)
+* l1_data_A variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 317)
+* l1_data_B variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 317)
+* l1_text function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 581)
+* labeled elements in initializers: Designated Inits. (line 6)
+* labels as values: Labels as Values. (line 6)
+* labs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* LANG: Environment Variables.
+ (line 21)
+* language dialect options: C Dialect Options. (line 6)
+* LC_ALL: Environment Variables.
+ (line 21)
+* LC_CTYPE: Environment Variables.
+ (line 21)
+* LC_MESSAGES: Environment Variables.
+ (line 21)
+* ldexp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ldexpf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ldexpl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* length-zero arrays: Zero Length. (line 6)
+* lgamma: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lgamma_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lgammaf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lgammaf_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lgammal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lgammal_r: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Libraries: Link Options. (line 24)
+* LIBRARY_PATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 94)
+* link options: Link Options. (line 6)
+* linker script: Link Options. (line 163)
+* LK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* lk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* LL integer suffix: Long Long. (line 6)
+* llabs: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* LLK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* llk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* LLR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* llr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* llrint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* llrintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* llrintl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* llround: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* llroundf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* llroundl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* load address instruction: Simple Constraints. (line 144)
+* local labels: Local Labels. (line 6)
+* local variables in macros: Typeof. (line 42)
+* local variables, specifying registers: Local Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* locale: Environment Variables.
+ (line 21)
+* locale definition: Environment Variables.
+ (line 103)
+* log: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log10: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log10f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log10l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log1p: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log1pf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log1pl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log2: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log2f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* log2l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* logb: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* logbf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* logbl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* logf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* logl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* long long data types: Long Long. (line 6)
+* longjmp: Global Reg Vars. (line 66)
+* longjmp incompatibilities: Incompatibilities. (line 39)
+* longjmp warnings: Warning Options. (line 570)
+* LR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* lr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* lrint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lrintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lrintl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lround: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lroundf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* lroundl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* m in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 17)
+* M32C options: M32C Options. (line 6)
+* M32R/D options: M32R/D Options. (line 6)
+* M680x0 options: M680x0 Options. (line 6)
+* M68hc1x options: M68hc1x Options. (line 6)
+* machine dependent options: Submodel Options. (line 6)
+* machine specific constraints: Machine Constraints.
+ (line 6)
+* macro with variable arguments: Variadic Macros. (line 6)
+* macros containing asm: Extended Asm. (line 241)
+* macros, inline alternative: Inline. (line 6)
+* macros, local labels: Local Labels. (line 6)
+* macros, local variables in: Typeof. (line 42)
+* macros, statements in expressions: Statement Exprs. (line 6)
+* macros, types of arguments: Typeof. (line 6)
+* make: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 173)
+* malloc: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* malloc attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 619)
+* matching constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 129)
+* MCore options: MCore Options. (line 6)
+* member fns, automatically inline: Inline. (line 71)
+* memchr: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* memcmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* memcpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* memory references in constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 17)
+* mempcpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* memset: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Mercury: G++ and GCC. (line 23)
+* message formatting: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 6)
+* messages, warning: Warning Options. (line 6)
+* messages, warning and error: Warnings and Errors.
+ (line 6)
+* middle-operands, omitted: Conditionals. (line 6)
+* MIPS options: MIPS Options. (line 6)
+* mips16 attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 629)
+* misunderstandings in C++: C++ Misunderstandings.
+ (line 6)
+* mixed declarations and code: Mixed Declarations. (line 6)
+* mktemp, and constant strings: Incompatibilities. (line 13)
+* MMIX Options: MMIX Options. (line 6)
+* MN10300 options: MN10300 Options. (line 6)
+* mode attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 131)
+* modf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* modff: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* modfl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* modifiers in constraints: Modifiers. (line 6)
+* ms_abi attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 671)
+* ms_struct: Type Attributes. (line 309)
+* ms_struct attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 349)
+* mudflap: Optimize Options. (line 338)
+* multiple alternative constraints: Multi-Alternative. (line 6)
+* multiprecision arithmetic: Long Long. (line 6)
+* n in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 65)
+* names used in assembler code: Asm Labels. (line 6)
+* naming convention, implementation headers: C++ Interface. (line 46)
+* nearbyint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nearbyintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nearbyintl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nested functions: Nested Functions. (line 6)
+* newlines (escaped): Escaped Newlines. (line 6)
+* nextafter: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nextafterf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nextafterl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nexttoward: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nexttowardf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* nexttowardl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* NFC: Warning Options. (line 1076)
+* NFKC: Warning Options. (line 1076)
+* NMI handler functions on the Blackfin processor: Function Attributes.
+ (line 706)
+* no_instrument_function function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 712)
+* nocommon attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 105)
+* noinline function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 717)
+* nomips16 attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 629)
+* non-constant initializers: Initializers. (line 6)
+* non-static inline function: Inline. (line 85)
+* nonnull function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 727)
+* noreturn function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 750)
+* nothrow function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 792)
+* o in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 23)
+* OBJC_INCLUDE_PATH: Environment Variables.
+ (line 129)
+* Objective-C <1>: Standards. (line 153)
+* Objective-C: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* Objective-C and Objective-C++ options, command line: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* Objective-C++ <1>: Standards. (line 153)
+* Objective-C++: G++ and GCC. (line 6)
+* offsettable address: Simple Constraints. (line 23)
+* old-style function definitions: Function Prototypes.
+ (line 6)
+* omitted middle-operands: Conditionals. (line 6)
+* open coding: Inline. (line 6)
+* openmp parallel: C Dialect Options. (line 221)
+* operand constraints, asm: Constraints. (line 6)
+* optimize function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 800)
+* optimize options: Optimize Options. (line 6)
+* options to control diagnostics formatting: Language Independent Options.
+ (line 6)
+* options to control warnings: Warning Options. (line 6)
+* options, C++: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* options, code generation: Code Gen Options. (line 6)
+* options, debugging: Debugging Options. (line 6)
+* options, dialect: C Dialect Options. (line 6)
+* options, directory search: Directory Options. (line 6)
+* options, GCC command: Invoking GCC. (line 6)
+* options, grouping: Invoking GCC. (line 26)
+* options, linking: Link Options. (line 6)
+* options, Objective-C and Objective-C++: Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 6)
+* options, optimization: Optimize Options. (line 6)
+* options, order: Invoking GCC. (line 30)
+* options, preprocessor: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 6)
+* order of evaluation, side effects: Non-bugs. (line 196)
+* order of options: Invoking GCC. (line 30)
+* other register constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 153)
+* output file option: Overall Options. (line 186)
+* overloaded virtual fn, warning: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 464)
+* p in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 144)
+* packed attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 142)
+* parameter forward declaration: Variable Length. (line 60)
+* parameters, aliased: Code Gen Options. (line 409)
+* Pascal: G++ and GCC. (line 23)
+* PDP-11 Options: PDP-11 Options. (line 6)
+* PIC: Code Gen Options. (line 184)
+* picoChip options: picoChip Options. (line 6)
+* pmf: Bound member functions.
+ (line 6)
+* pointer arguments: Function Attributes.
+ (line 181)
+* pointer to member function: Bound member functions.
+ (line 6)
+* portions of temporary objects, pointers to: Temporaries. (line 6)
+* pow: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* pow10: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* pow10f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* pow10l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* PowerPC options: PowerPC Options. (line 6)
+* powf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* powl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* pragma GCC optimize: Function Specific Option Pragmas.
+ (line 20)
+* pragma GCC pop_options: Function Specific Option Pragmas.
+ (line 33)
+* pragma GCC push_options: Function Specific Option Pragmas.
+ (line 33)
+* pragma GCC reset_options: Function Specific Option Pragmas.
+ (line 43)
+* pragma GCC target: Function Specific Option Pragmas.
+ (line 7)
+* pragma, align: Solaris Pragmas. (line 11)
+* pragma, diagnostic: Diagnostic Pragmas. (line 14)
+* pragma, extern_prefix: Symbol-Renaming Pragmas.
+ (line 19)
+* pragma, fini: Solaris Pragmas. (line 19)
+* pragma, init: Solaris Pragmas. (line 24)
+* pragma, long_calls: ARM Pragmas. (line 11)
+* pragma, long_calls_off: ARM Pragmas. (line 17)
+* pragma, longcall: RS/6000 and PowerPC Pragmas.
+ (line 14)
+* pragma, mark: Darwin Pragmas. (line 11)
+* pragma, memregs: M32C Pragmas. (line 7)
+* pragma, no_long_calls: ARM Pragmas. (line 14)
+* pragma, options align: Darwin Pragmas. (line 14)
+* pragma, pop_macro: Push/Pop Macro Pragmas.
+ (line 15)
+* pragma, push_macro: Push/Pop Macro Pragmas.
+ (line 11)
+* pragma, reason for not using: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1344)
+* pragma, redefine_extname: Symbol-Renaming Pragmas.
+ (line 14)
+* pragma, segment: Darwin Pragmas. (line 21)
+* pragma, unused: Darwin Pragmas. (line 24)
+* pragma, visibility: Visibility Pragmas. (line 8)
+* pragma, weak: Weak Pragmas. (line 10)
+* pragmas: Pragmas. (line 6)
+* pragmas in C++, effect on inlining: C++ Interface. (line 66)
+* pragmas, interface and implementation: C++ Interface. (line 6)
+* pragmas, warning of unknown: Warning Options. (line 587)
+* precompiled headers: Precompiled Headers.
+ (line 6)
+* preprocessing numbers: Incompatibilities. (line 173)
+* preprocessing tokens: Incompatibilities. (line 173)
+* preprocessor options: Preprocessor Options.
+ (line 6)
+* printf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* printf_unlocked: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* prof: Debugging Options. (line 218)
+* progmem variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 503)
+* promotion of formal parameters: Function Prototypes.
+ (line 6)
+* pure function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 817)
+* push address instruction: Simple Constraints. (line 144)
+* putchar: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* puts: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Q floating point suffix: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* q floating point suffix: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* qsort, and global register variables: Global Reg Vars. (line 42)
+* question mark: Multi-Alternative. (line 27)
+* R fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* r fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* r in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 56)
+* ranges in case statements: Case Ranges. (line 6)
+* read-only strings: Incompatibilities. (line 9)
+* register variable after longjmp: Global Reg Vars. (line 66)
+* registers: Extended Asm. (line 6)
+* registers for local variables: Local Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* registers in constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 56)
+* registers, global allocation: Explicit Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* registers, global variables in: Global Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* regparm attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 870)
+* relocation truncated to fit (ColdFire): M680x0 Options. (line 325)
+* relocation truncated to fit (MIPS): MIPS Options. (line 198)
+* remainder: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* remainderf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* remainderl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* remquo: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* remquof: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* remquol: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* reordering, warning: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 389)
+* reporting bugs: Bugs. (line 6)
+* resbank attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 902)
+* rest argument (in macro): Variadic Macros. (line 6)
+* restricted pointers: Restricted Pointers.
+ (line 6)
+* restricted references: Restricted Pointers.
+ (line 6)
+* restricted this pointer: Restricted Pointers.
+ (line 6)
+* returns_twice attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 916)
+* rindex: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* rint: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* rintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* rintl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* round: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* roundf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* roundl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* RS/6000 and PowerPC Options: RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 6)
+* RTTI: Vague Linkage. (line 43)
+* run-time options: Code Gen Options. (line 6)
+* s in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 92)
+* S/390 and zSeries Options: S/390 and zSeries Options.
+ (line 6)
+* save all registers on the Blackfin, H8/300, H8/300H, and H8S: Function Attributes.
+ (line 925)
+* scalb: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalbf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalbl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalbln: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalblnf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalbn: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scalbnf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scanf, and constant strings: Incompatibilities. (line 17)
+* scanfnl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* scope of a variable length array: Variable Length. (line 23)
+* scope of declaration: Disappointments. (line 21)
+* scope of external declarations: Incompatibilities. (line 80)
+* Score Options: Score Options. (line 6)
+* search path: Directory Options. (line 6)
+* section function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 930)
+* section variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 163)
+* sentinel function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 946)
+* setjmp: Global Reg Vars. (line 66)
+* setjmp incompatibilities: Incompatibilities. (line 39)
+* shared strings: Incompatibilities. (line 9)
+* shared variable attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 208)
+* side effect in ?:: Conditionals. (line 20)
+* side effects, macro argument: Statement Exprs. (line 35)
+* side effects, order of evaluation: Non-bugs. (line 196)
+* signal handler functions on the AVR processors: Function Attributes.
+ (line 977)
+* signbit: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signbitd128: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signbitd32: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signbitd64: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signbitf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signbitl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* signed and unsigned values, comparison warning: Warning Options.
+ (line 940)
+* significand: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* significandf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* significandl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* simple constraints: Simple Constraints. (line 6)
+* sin: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sincos: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sincosf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sincosl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sinf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sinh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sinhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sinhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sinl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sizeof: Typeof. (line 6)
+* smaller data references: M32R/D Options. (line 57)
+* smaller data references (PowerPC): RS/6000 and PowerPC Options.
+ (line 663)
+* snprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* SPARC options: SPARC Options. (line 6)
+* Spec Files: Spec Files. (line 6)
+* specified registers: Explicit Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* specifying compiler version and target machine: Target Options.
+ (line 6)
+* specifying hardware config: Submodel Options. (line 6)
+* specifying machine version: Target Options. (line 6)
+* specifying registers for local variables: Local Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* speed of compilation: Precompiled Headers.
+ (line 6)
+* sprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* SPU options: SPU Options. (line 6)
+* sqrt: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sqrtf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sqrtl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sscanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* sscanf, and constant strings: Incompatibilities. (line 17)
+* sseregparm attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 887)
+* statements inside expressions: Statement Exprs. (line 6)
+* static data in C++, declaring and defining: Static Definitions.
+ (line 6)
+* stpcpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* stpncpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strcasecmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strcat: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strchr: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strcmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strcpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strcspn: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strdup: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strfmon: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strftime: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* string constants: Incompatibilities. (line 9)
+* strlen: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strncasecmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strncat: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strncmp: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strncpy: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strndup: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strpbrk: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strrchr: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strspn: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* strstr: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* struct: Unnamed Fields. (line 6)
+* structures: Incompatibilities. (line 146)
+* structures, constructor expression: Compound Literals. (line 6)
+* submodel options: Submodel Options. (line 6)
+* subscripting: Subscripting. (line 6)
+* subscripting and function values: Subscripting. (line 6)
+* suffixes for C++ source: Invoking G++. (line 6)
+* SUNPRO_DEPENDENCIES: Environment Variables.
+ (line 169)
+* suppressing warnings: Warning Options. (line 6)
+* surprises in C++: C++ Misunderstandings.
+ (line 6)
+* syntax checking: Warning Options. (line 13)
+* syscall_linkage attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 999)
+* system headers, warnings from: Warning Options. (line 701)
+* sysv_abi attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 671)
+* tan: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tanh: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tanhf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tanhl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tanl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* target function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1006)
+* target machine, specifying: Target Options. (line 6)
+* target options: Target Options. (line 6)
+* target("abm") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1033)
+* target("aes") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1038)
+* target("align-stringops") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1120)
+* target("arch=ARCH") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1129)
+* target("cld") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1091)
+* target("fancy-math-387") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1095)
+* target("fpmath=FPMATH") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1137)
+* target("fused-madd") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1100)
+* target("ieee-fp") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1105)
+* target("inline-all-stringops") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1110)
+* target("inline-stringops-dynamically") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1114)
+* target("mmx") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1042)
+* target("pclmul") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1046)
+* target("popcnt") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1050)
+* target("recip") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1124)
+* target("sse") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1054)
+* target("sse2") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1058)
+* target("sse3") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1062)
+* target("sse4") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1066)
+* target("sse4.1") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1071)
+* target("sse4.2") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1075)
+* target("sse4a") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1079)
+* target("sse5") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1083)
+* target("ssse3") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1087)
+* target("tune=TUNE") attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1133)
+* TC1: Standards. (line 13)
+* TC2: Standards. (line 13)
+* TC3: Standards. (line 13)
+* Technical Corrigenda: Standards. (line 13)
+* Technical Corrigendum 1: Standards. (line 13)
+* Technical Corrigendum 2: Standards. (line 13)
+* Technical Corrigendum 3: Standards. (line 13)
+* template instantiation: Template Instantiation.
+ (line 6)
+* temporaries, lifetime of: Temporaries. (line 6)
+* tgamma: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tgammaf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tgammal: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* Thread-Local Storage: Thread-Local. (line 6)
+* thunks: Nested Functions. (line 6)
+* tiny data section on the H8/300H and H8S: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1155)
+* TLS: Thread-Local. (line 6)
+* tls_model attribute: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 232)
+* TMPDIR: Environment Variables.
+ (line 45)
+* toascii: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* tolower: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* toupper: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* towlower: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* towupper: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* traditional C language: C Dialect Options. (line 250)
+* trunc: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* truncf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* truncl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* two-stage name lookup: Name lookup. (line 6)
+* type alignment: Alignment. (line 6)
+* type attributes: Type Attributes. (line 6)
+* type_info: Vague Linkage. (line 43)
+* typedef names as function parameters: Incompatibilities. (line 97)
+* typeof: Typeof. (line 6)
+* UHK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* uhk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* UHR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* uhr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* UK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* uk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ULK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ulk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ULL integer suffix: Long Long. (line 6)
+* ULLK fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ullk fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ULLR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ullr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ULR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ulr fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* undefined behavior: Bug Criteria. (line 17)
+* undefined function value: Bug Criteria. (line 17)
+* underscores in variables in macros: Typeof. (line 42)
+* union: Unnamed Fields. (line 6)
+* union, casting to a: Cast to Union. (line 6)
+* unions: Incompatibilities. (line 146)
+* unknown pragmas, warning: Warning Options. (line 587)
+* unresolved references and -nodefaultlibs: Link Options. (line 79)
+* unresolved references and -nostdlib: Link Options. (line 79)
+* unused attribute.: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1167)
+* UR fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* ur fixed-suffix: Fixed-Point. (line 6)
+* used attribute.: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1172)
+* User stack pointer in interrupts on the Blackfin: Function Attributes.
+ (line 576)
+* V in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 43)
+* V850 Options: V850 Options. (line 6)
+* vague linkage: Vague Linkage. (line 6)
+* value after longjmp: Global Reg Vars. (line 66)
+* variable addressability on the IA-64: Function Attributes.
+ (line 643)
+* variable addressability on the M32R/D: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 330)
+* variable alignment: Alignment. (line 6)
+* variable attributes: Variable Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* variable number of arguments: Variadic Macros. (line 6)
+* variable-length array scope: Variable Length. (line 23)
+* variable-length arrays: Variable Length. (line 6)
+* variables in specified registers: Explicit Reg Vars. (line 6)
+* variables, local, in macros: Typeof. (line 42)
+* variadic macros: Variadic Macros. (line 6)
+* VAX options: VAX Options. (line 6)
+* version_id attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1178)
+* vfprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vfscanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* visibility attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1188)
+* VLAs: Variable Length. (line 6)
+* void pointers, arithmetic: Pointer Arith. (line 6)
+* void, size of pointer to: Pointer Arith. (line 6)
+* volatile access: Volatiles. (line 6)
+* volatile applied to function: Function Attributes.
+ (line 6)
+* volatile read: Volatiles. (line 6)
+* volatile write: Volatiles. (line 6)
+* vprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vscanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vsnprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vsprintf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vsscanf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* vtable: Vague Linkage. (line 28)
+* VxWorks Options: VxWorks Options. (line 6)
+* W floating point suffix: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* w floating point suffix: Floating Types. (line 6)
+* warn_unused_result attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1282)
+* warning for comparison of signed and unsigned values: Warning Options.
+ (line 940)
+* warning for overloaded virtual fn: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 464)
+* warning for reordering of member initializers: C++ Dialect Options.
+ (line 389)
+* warning for unknown pragmas: Warning Options. (line 587)
+* warning function attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 158)
+* warning messages: Warning Options. (line 6)
+* warnings from system headers: Warning Options. (line 701)
+* warnings vs errors: Warnings and Errors.
+ (line 6)
+* weak attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1299)
+* weakref attribute: Function Attributes.
+ (line 1308)
+* whitespace: Incompatibilities. (line 112)
+* X in constraint: Simple Constraints. (line 114)
+* X3.159-1989: Standards. (line 13)
+* x86-64 options: x86-64 Options. (line 6)
+* x86-64 Options: i386 and x86-64 Options.
+ (line 6)
+* Xstormy16 Options: Xstormy16 Options. (line 6)
+* Xtensa Options: Xtensa Options. (line 6)
+* y0: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* y0f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* y0l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* y1: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* y1f: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* y1l: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* yn: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ynf: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* ynl: Other Builtins. (line 6)
+* zero-length arrays: Zero Length. (line 6)
+* zero-size structures: Empty Structures. (line 6)
+* zSeries options: zSeries Options. (line 6)
+
+
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+Node: Interoperation\7f1507019
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+Node: Fixed Headers\7f1522306
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+Node: Contributing\7f1560374
+Node: Funding\7f1561114
+Node: GNU Project\7f1563603
+Node: Copying\7f1564249
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f1601777
+Node: Contributors\7f1624183
+Node: Option Index\7f1660510
+Node: Keyword Index\7f1819678
\1f
End Tag Table
projects / msp430-gcc.git / blobdiff