--- /dev/null
+Copyright 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
+2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of the GNU MP Library.
+
+The GNU MP Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+option) any later version.
+
+The GNU MP Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
+License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+along with the GNU MP Library. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.3.0 and 4.3.1
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Fixed bug in mpn_gcdext, affecting also mpz_gcdext and mpz_invert.
+ The bug could cause a cofactor to have a leading zero limb, which
+ could lead to crashes or miscomputation later on.
+ * Fixed some minor documentation issues.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * None.
+
+ Features:
+ * Workarounds for various issues with Mac OS X's build tools.
+ * Recognise more IBM "POWER" processor variants.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.2.X and 4.3.0
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Fixed bug in mpz_perfect_power_p with recognition of negative perfect
+ powers that can be written both as an even and odd power.
+ * We might accidentally have added bugs since there is a large amount of
+ new code in this release.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * Vastly improved assembly code for x86-64 processors from AMD and Intel.
+ * Major improvements also for many other processor families, such as
+ Alpha, PowerPC, and Itanium.
+ * New sub-quadratic mpn_gcd and mpn_gcdext, as well as improved basecase
+ gcd code.
+ * The multiply FFT code has been slightly improved.
+ * Balanced multiplication now uses 4-way Toom in addition to schoolbook,
+ Karatsuba, 3-way Toom, and FFT.
+ * Unbalanced multiplication has been vastly improved.
+ * Improved schoolbook division by means of faster quotient approximation.
+ * Several new algorithms for division and mod by single limbs, giving
+ many-fold speedups.
+ * Improved nth root computations.
+ * The mpz_nextprime function uses sieving and is much faster.
+ * Countless minor tweaks.
+
+ Features:
+ * Updated support for fat binaries for x86_32 include current processors
+ * Lots of new mpn internal interfaces. Some of them will become public
+ in a future GMP release.
+ * Support for the 32-bit ABI under x86-apple-darwin.
+ * x86 CPU recognition code should now default better for future
+ processors.
+ * The experimental nails feature does not work in this release, but
+ it might be re-enabled in the future.
+
+ Misc:
+ * The gmp_version variable now always contains three parts. For this
+ release, it is "4.3.0".
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.2.3 and 4.2.4
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Fix bug with parsing exponent '+' sign in mpf.
+ * Fix an allocation bug in mpf_set_str, also affecting mpf_init_set_str, and
+ mpf_inp_str.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * None, except that proper processor recognition helps affected processors.
+
+ Features:
+ * Recognize new AMD processors.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.2.2 and 4.2.3
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Fix x86 CPU recognition code to properly identify recent AMD and Intel
+ 64-bit processors.
+ * The >> operator of the C++ wrapper gmpxx.h now does floor rounding, not
+ truncation.
+ * Inline semantics now follow the C99 standard, and works with recent GCC
+ releases.
+ * C++ bitwise logical operations work for more types.
+ * For C++, gmp.h now includes cstdio, improving compiler compatibility.
+ * Bases > 36 now work properly in mpf_set_str.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * None, except that proper processor recognition helps affected processors.
+
+ Features:
+ * The allocation functions now detect overflow of the mpz_t type. This means
+ that overflow will now cause an abort, except when the allocation
+ computation itself overflows. (Such overflow can probably only happen in
+ powering functions; we will detect powering overflow in the future.)
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.2.1 and 4.2.2
+
+ * License is now LGPL version 3.
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Shared library numbers corrected for libcxx.
+ * Fixed serious bug in gmpxx.h where a=a+b*c would generate garbage.
+ Note that this only affects C++ programs.
+ * Fix crash in mpz_set_d for arguments with large negative exponent.
+ * Fix 32-bit ABI bug with Itanium assembly for popcount and hamdist.
+ * Fix assembly syntax problem for powerpc-ibm-aix with AIX native assembler.
+ * Fix problems with x86 --enable-fat, where the compiler where told to
+ generate code for the build machine, not plain i386 code as it should.
+ * Improved recognition of powerpc systems wrt Altivec/VMX capability.
+ * Misc minor fixes, mainly workarounds for compiler/assembler bugs.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * "Core 2" and Pentium 4 processors, running in 64-bit mode will get a
+ slight boost as they are now specifically recognized.
+
+ Features:
+ * New support for x86_64-solaris
+ * New, rudimentary support for x86-apple-darwin and x86_64-apple-darwin.
+ (Please see http://gmplib.org/macos.html for more information.)
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.2 and 4.2.1
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Shared library numbers corrected.
+ * Broken support for 32-bit AIX fixed.
+ * Misc minor fixes.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * Exact division (mpz_divexact) now falls back to plain division for large
+ operands.
+
+ Features:
+ * Support for some new systems.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.1.4 and 4.2
+
+ Bugs:
+ * Minor bug fixes and code generalizations.
+ * Expanded and improved test suite.
+
+ Speedups:
+ * Many minor optimizations, too many to mention here.
+ * Division now always subquadratic.
+ * Computation of n-factorial much faster.
+ * Added basic x86-64 assembly code.
+ * Floating-point output is now subquadratic for all bases.
+ * FFT multiply code now about 25% faster.
+ * Toom3 multiply code faster.
+
+ Features:
+ * Much improved configure.
+ * Workarounds for many more compiler bugs.
+ * Temporary allocations are now made on the stack only if small.
+ * New systems supported: HPPA-2.0 gcc, IA-64 HP-UX, PowerPC-64 Darwin,
+ Sparc64 GNU/Linux.
+ * New i386 fat binaries, selecting optimised code at runtime (--enable-fat).
+ * New build option: --enable-profiling=instrument.
+ * New memory function: mp_get_memory_functions.
+ * New Mersenne Twister random numbers: gmp_randinit_mt, also now used for
+ gmp_randinit_default.
+ * New random functions: gmp_randinit_set, gmp_urandomb_ui, gmp_urandomm_ui.
+ * New integer functions: mpz_combit, mpz_rootrem.
+ * gmp_printf etc new type "M" for mp_limb_t.
+ * gmp_scanf and friends now accept C99 hex floats.
+ * Numeric input and output can now be in bases up to 62.
+ * Comparisons mpz_cmp_d, mpz_cmpabs_d, mpf_cmp_d recognise infinities.
+ * Conversions mpz_get_d, mpq_get_d, mpf_get_d truncate towards zero,
+ previously their behaviour was unspecified.
+ * Fixes for overflow issues with operands >= 2^31 bits.
+
+ Caveats:
+ * mpfr is gone, and will from now on be released only separately. Please see
+ www.mpfr.org.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.1.3 and 4.1.4
+
+* Bug fix to FFT multiplication code (crash for huge operands).
+* Bug fix to mpf_sub (miscomputation).
+* Support for powerpc64-gnu-linux.
+* Better support for AMD64 in 32-bit mode.
+* Upwardly binary compatible with 4.1.3, 4.1.2, 4.1.1, 4.1, 4.0.1, 4.0,
+ and 3.x versions.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.1.2 and 4.1.3
+
+* Bug fix for FFT multiplication code (miscomputation).
+* Bug fix to K6 assembly code for gcd.
+* Bug fix to IA-64 assembly code for population count.
+* Portability improvements, most notably functional AMD64 support.
+* mpz_export allows NULL for countp parameter.
+* Many minor bug fixes.
+* mpz_export allows NULL for countp parameter.
+* Upwardly binary compatible with 4.1.2, 4.1.1, 4.1, 4.0.1, 4.0, and 3.x
+ versions.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.1.1 and 4.1.2
+
+* Bug fixes.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.1 and 4.1.1
+
+* Bug fixes.
+* New systems supported: NetBSD and OpenBSD sparc64.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.0.1 and 4.1
+
+* Bug fixes.
+* Speed improvements.
+* Upwardly binary compatible with 4.0, 4.0.1, and 3.x versions.
+* Asymptotically fast conversion to/from strings (mpz, mpq, mpn levels), but
+ also major speed improvements for tiny operands.
+* mpn_get_str parameter restrictions relaxed.
+* Major speed improvements for HPPA 2.0 systems.
+* Major speed improvements for UltraSPARC systems.
+* Major speed improvements for IA-64 systems (but still sub-optimal code).
+* Extended test suite.
+* mpfr is back, with many bug fixes and portability improvements.
+* New function: mpz_ui_sub.
+* New functions: mpz_export, mpz_import.
+* Optimization for nth root functions (mpz_root, mpz_perfect_power_p).
+* Optimization for extended gcd (mpz_gcdext, mpz_invert, mpn_gcdext).
+* Generalized low-level number format, reserving a `nails' part of each
+ limb. (Please note that this is really experimental; some functions
+ are likely to compute garbage when nails are enabled.)
+* Nails-enabled Alpha 21264 assembly code, allowing up to 75% better
+ performance. (Use --enable-nails=4 to enable it.)
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 4.0 and 4.0.1
+
+* Bug fixes.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 3.1.1 and 4.0
+
+* Bug fixes.
+* Speed improvements.
+* Upwardly binary compatible with 3.x versions.
+* New CPU support: IA-64, Pentium 4.
+* Improved CPU support: 21264, Cray vector systems.
+* Support for all MIPS ABIs: o32, n32, 64.
+* New systems supported: Darwin, SCO, Windows DLLs.
+* New divide-and-conquer square root algorithm.
+* New algorithms chapter in the manual.
+* New malloc reentrant temporary memory method.
+* New C++ class interface by Gerardo Ballabio (beta).
+* Revamped configure, featuring ABI selection.
+* Speed improvements for mpz_powm and mpz_powm_ui (mainly affecting small
+ operands).
+* mpz_perfect_power_p now properly recognizes 0, 1, and negative perfect
+ powers.
+* mpz_hamdist now supports negative operands.
+* mpz_jacobi now accepts non-positive denominators.
+* mpz_powm now supports negative exponents.
+* mpn_mul_1 operand overlap requirements relaxed.
+* Float input and output uses locale specific decimal point where available.
+* New gmp_printf, gmp_scanf and related functions.
+* New division functions: mpz_cdiv_q_2exp, mpz_cdiv_r_2exp, mpz_divexact_ui.
+* New divisibility tests: mpz_divisible_p, mpz_divisible_ui_p,
+ mpz_divisible_2exp_p, mpz_congruent_p, mpz_congruent_ui_p,
+ mpz_congruent_2exp_p.
+* New Fibonacci function: mpz_fib2_ui.
+* New Lucas number functions: mpz_lucnum_ui, mpz_lucnum2_ui.
+* Other new integer functions: mpz_cmp_d, mpz_cmpabs_d, mpz_get_d_2exp,
+ mpz_init2, mpz_kronecker, mpz_lcm_ui, mpz_realloc2.
+* New rational I/O: mpq_get_str, mpq_inp_str, mpq_out_str, mpq_set_str.
+* Other new rational functions: mpq_abs, mpq_cmp_si, mpq_div_2exp,
+ mpq_mul_2exp, mpq_set_f.
+* New float tests: mpf_integer_p, mpf_fits_sint_p, mpf_fits_slong_p,
+ mpf_fits_sshort_p, mpf_fits_uint_p, mpf_fits_ulong_p, mpf_fits_ushort_p.
+* Other new float functions: mpf_cmp_d, mpf_get_default_prec, mpf_get_si,
+ mpf_get_ui, mpf_get_d_2exp.
+* New random functions: gmp_randinit_default, gmp_randinit_lc_2exp_size.
+* New demo expression string parser (see demos/expr).
+* New preliminary perl interface (see demos/perl).
+* Tuned algorithm thresholds for many more CPUs.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 3.1 and 3.1.1
+
+* Bug fixes for division (rare), mpf_get_str, FFT, and miscellaneous minor
+ things.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 3.0 and 3.1
+
+* Bug fixes.
+* Improved `make check' running more tests.
+* Tuned algorithm cutoff points for many machines. This will improve speed for
+ a lot of operations, in some cases by a large amount.
+* Major speed improvements: Alpha 21264.
+* Some speed improvements: Cray vector computers, AMD K6 and Athlon, Intel P5
+ and Pentium Pro/II/III.
+* The mpf_get_prec function now works as it did in GMP 2.
+* New utilities for auto-tuning and speed measuring.
+* Multiplication now optionally uses FFT for very large operands. (To enable
+ it, pass --enable-fft to configure.)
+* Support for new systems: Solaris running on x86, FreeBSD 5, HP-UX 11, Cray
+ vector computers, Rhapsody, Nextstep/Openstep, MacOS.
+* Support for shared libraries on 32-bit HPPA.
+* New integer functions: mpz_mul_si, mpz_odd_p, mpz_even_p.
+* New Kronecker symbol functions: mpz_kronecker_si, mpz_kronecker_ui,
+ mpz_si_kronecker, mpz_ui_kronecker.
+* New rational functions: mpq_out_str, mpq_swap.
+* New float functions: mpf_swap.
+* New mpn functions: mpn_divexact_by3c, mpn_tdiv_qr.
+* New EXPERIMENTAL function layer for accurate floating-point arithmetic, mpfr.
+ To try it, pass --enable-mpfr to configure. See the mpfr subdirectory for
+ more information; it is not documented in the main GMP manual.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 3.0 and 3.0.1
+
+* Memory leaks in gmp_randinit and mpz_probab_prime_p fixed.
+* Documentation for gmp_randinit fixed. Misc documentation errors fixed.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 2.0 and 3.0
+
+* Source level compatibility with past releases (except mpn_gcd).
+* Bug fixes.
+* Much improved speed thanks to both host independent and host dependent
+ optimizations.
+* Switch to autoconf/automake/libtool.
+* Support for building libgmp as a shared library.
+* Multiplication and squaring using 3-way Toom-Cook.
+* Division using the Burnikel-Ziegler method.
+* New functions computing binomial coefficients: mpz_bin_ui, mpz_bin_uiui.
+* New function computing Fibonacci numbers: mpz_fib_ui.
+* New random number generators: mpf_urandomb, mpz_rrandomb, mpz_urandomb,
+ mpz_urandomm, gmp_randclear, gmp_randinit, gmp_randinit_lc_2exp,
+ gmp_randseed, gmp_randseed_ui.
+* New function for quickly extracting limbs: mpz_getlimbn.
+* New functions performing integer size tests: mpz_fits_sint_p,
+ mpz_fits_slong_p, mpz_fits_sshort_p, mpz_fits_uint_p, mpz_fits_ulong_p,
+ mpz_fits_ushort_p.
+* New mpf functions: mpf_ceil, mpf_floor, mpf_pow_ui, mpf_trunc.
+* New mpq function: mpq_set_d.
+* New mpz functions: mpz_addmul_ui, mpz_cmpabs, mpz_cmpabs_ui, mpz_lcm,
+ mpz_nextprime, mpz_perfect_power_p, mpz_remove, mpz_root, mpz_swap,
+ mpz_tdiv_ui, mpz_tstbit, mpz_xor.
+* New mpn function: mpn_divexact_by3.
+* New CPU support: DEC Alpha 21264, AMD K6 and Athlon, HPPA 2.0 and 64,
+ Intel Pentium Pro and Pentium-II/III, Sparc 64, PowerPC 64.
+* Almost 10 times faster mpz_invert and mpn_gcdext.
+* The interface of mpn_gcd has changed.
+* Better support for MIPS R4x000 and R5000 under Irix 6.
+* Improved support for SPARCv8 and SPARCv9 processors.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 2.0 and 2.0.2
+
+* Many bug fixes.
+
+
+Changes between GMP version 1.3.2 and 2.0
+
+* Division routines in the mpz class have changed. There are three classes of
+ functions, that rounds the quotient to -infinity, 0, and +infinity,
+ respectively. The first class of functions have names that begin with
+ mpz_fdiv (f is short for floor), the second class' names begin with mpz_tdiv
+ (t is short for trunc), and the third class' names begin with mpz_cdiv (c is
+ short for ceil).
+
+ The old division routines beginning with mpz_m are similar to the new
+ mpz_fdiv, with the exception that some of the new functions return useful
+ values.
+
+ The old function names can still be used. All the old functions names will
+ now do floor division, not trunc division as some of them used to. This was
+ changed to make the functions more compatible with common mathematical
+ practice.
+
+ The mpz_mod and mpz_mod_ui functions now compute the mathematical mod
+ function. I.e., the sign of the 2nd argument is ignored.
+
+* The mpq assignment functions do not canonicalize their results. A new
+ function, mpq_canonicalize must be called by the user if the result is not
+ known to be canonical.
+* The mpn functions are now documented. These functions are intended for
+ very time critical applications, or applications that need full control over
+ memory allocation. Note that the mpn interface is irregular and hard to
+ use.
+* New functions for arbitrary precision floating point arithmetic. Names
+ begin with `mpf_'. Associated type mpf_t.
+* New and improved mpz functions, including much faster GCD, fast exact
+ division (mpz_divexact), bit scan (mpz_scan0 and mpz_scan1), and number
+ theoretical functions like Jacobi (mpz_jacobi) and multiplicative inverse
+ (mpz_invert).
+* New variable types (mpz_t and mpq_t) are available that makes syntax of
+ mpz and mpq calls nicer (no need for & before variables). The MP_INT and
+ MP_RAT types are still available for compatibility.
+* Uses GNU configure. This makes it possible to choose target architecture
+ and CPU variant, and to compile into a separate object directory.
+* Carefully optimized assembly for important inner loops. Support for DEC
+ Alpha, Amd 29000, HPPA 1.0 and 1.1, Intel Pentium and generic x86, Intel
+ i960, Motorola MC68000, MC68020, MC88100, and MC88110, Motorola/IBM
+ PowerPC, National NS32000, IBM POWER, MIPS R3000, R4000, SPARCv7,
+ SuperSPARC, generic SPARCv8, and DEC VAX. Some support also for ARM,
+ Clipper, IBM ROMP (RT), and Pyramid AP/XP.
+* Faster. Thanks to the assembler code, new algorithms, and general tuning.
+ In particular, the speed on machines without GCC is improved.
+* Support for machines without alloca.
+* Now under the LGPL.
+
+INCOMPATIBILITIES BETWEEN GMP 1 AND GMP 2
+
+* mpq assignment functions do not canonicalize their results.
+* mpz division functions round differently.
+* mpz mod functions now really compute mod.
+* mpz_powm and mpz_powm_ui now really use mod for reduction.
+
+
+
+----------------
+Local variables:
+mode: text
+fill-column: 76
+End: